High-power microwave power divider

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-power microwave power divider comprising an input waveguide, one end of which is connected with a microwave generating device; the control module is in signal connection with the input waveguide so as to control the high-power microwaves in the input waveguide to be transmitted through a specified route; the annular coupling transformation cavity is located on the outer side of the input waveguide, and the annular coupling transformation cavity and the input waveguide are coaxially arranged; the tuner is connected with one end, far away from the microwave generation device, of the input waveguide, the tuner is connected with the inner wall of the input waveguide, and the tuner slides and moves on the inner wall of the input waveguide, so that tuning of the power divider is realized. The high-power microwave distributor provided by the utility model solves the technical problems of complex structure and large size of a power distributor in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of high-power microwaves, in particular to a high-power microwave power distributor. Background Art

[0002] High-power microwave (HPM) generally refers to coherent electromagnetic radiation with a peak power greater than 100MW and a frequency between 1GHz and 300GHz; it has a wide range of applications in the fields of plasma heating, pulse radar, industrial irradiation and electronic countermeasures. High-power microwave systems generally include primary energy, pulse power source, relativistic microwave generating device, microwave transmission radiation antenna and auxiliary equipment or components including vacuum and guided magnetic field. The basic working principle of the high-power microwave system is to first compress low-voltage DC power into high-voltage electric pulses through primary energy and pulse power source, and the relativistic microwave generating device converts the high-voltage pulse energy into the required high-power microwave energy and transmits it to the microwave radiation antenna, and finally radiates to the required target area.

[0003] Many applications require high-power microwave systems to have omnidirectional radiation capabilities so that high-power microwave energy can be radiated to any desired location in space. Among them, the power divider is the key to the entire omnidirectional radiation system. Whether it can quickly and efficiently realize the switching transmission of microwave energy is the key to the normal operation of the entire system. The microwave output mode of most relativistic microwave generating devices is an equiaxially symmetrical mode of the circular waveguide TM01 mode. In order to match high-power microwave energy with array antennas such as waveguide slot array antennas that are convenient for phase scanning, it is necessary to use a mode converter to convert it into a low-order rectangular waveguide mode TE10 mode that can be stably transmitted during actual use.

[0004] Therefore, the prior art needs to be further developed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and provide a high-power microwave power divider to solve the technical problems of the power divider in the related art being complex in structure and large in size.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a high-power microwave power divider is provided, including: an input waveguide, one end of the input waveguide is connected to a microwave generating device, and a plurality of coupling holes are arranged on the input waveguide; a control module, the control module is connected to the input waveguide signal to control the high-power microwave in the input waveguide to be transmitted through a specified route; an annular coupling transformation cavity, the annular coupling transformation cavity is located outside the input waveguide, and the annular coupling transformation cavity is coaxially arranged with the input waveguide; a tuner, the tuner is connected to one end of the input waveguide away from the microwave generating device, the tuner is connected to the inner wall of the input waveguide, and the tuner slides and shifts on the inner wall of the input waveguide to achieve tuning of the power divider.

[0007] Furthermore, the multiple coupling holes are all arranged outside the input waveguide, the axes of the multiple coupling holes are all located in the first preset plane, and the included angles of the axes of the multiple coupling holes in the first preset plane are equal.

[0008] Furthermore, the annular coupling transformation cavity includes: a coupling channel, one end of which is connected to the coupling hole, and the coupling channel extends in a direction away from the input waveguide; an annular transformation cavity, which is connected to one end of the coupling channel away from the input waveguide; and an output hole, which is distributed on a side of the annular transformation cavity away from the coupling channel, and is used to output high-power microwave energy.

[0009] Further, the coupling channel is arranged corresponding to the coupling hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the axis of the ring transformation cavity coincides with the axis of the input waveguide.

[0011] Furthermore, there are multiple output holes, all of which are arranged outside the annular transformation cavity, and the axes of the multiple output holes are all located in the second preset plane, and the included angles of the axes of the multiple output holes in the second preset plane are equal.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-power microwave power distributor also includes an output waveguide, which is used to transmit microwaves to the next-level radiation antenna. The output waveguide is connected to the output hole, and multiple output waveguides are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple output holes.

[0013] Further, the control module includes a microwave switch, which is arranged between the output hole and the output waveguide. A mounting groove is arranged between the output hole and the output waveguide, and the microwave switch is movably arranged in the mounting groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the input waveguide is a cylinder; and / or the annular coupling transformation cavity is a circular column.

[0015] Further, the shape of the tuner is adjusted according to the tuning bandwidth range; and / or, the tuner is a flat plate structure or a tapered tapered structure.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The high-power microwave power divider of the utility model can realize efficient microwave energy distribution and mode conversion in a compact structure, greatly reducing the volume, weight and complexity of the system. This high-power microwave power divider can be well applied to high-power microwave systems that require full space coverage and omnidirectional radiation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-power microwave power distributor used in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a high-power microwave power distributor used in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the output waveguide of the high-power microwave power distributor used in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the annular conversion cavity of the high-power microwave power distributor used in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a curve showing the change of the operating frequency of the high-power microwave power distributor according to the embodiment of the utility model with the position of the tuner;

[0023] Figure 6 It is the transmission and reflection curve of the high-power microwave power divider provided by the embodiment of the utility model when it is working.

[0024] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Input waveguide; 11. Coupling hole; 2. Annular coupling transformation cavity; 3. Microwave switch; 4. Output waveguide; 41. Mounting slot; 5. Tuner; 6. Coupling channel; 7. Annular transformation cavity; 8. Output channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the utility model, a high-power microwave power distributor is provided. Figures 1 to 6, including: an input waveguide 1, one end of the input waveguide 1 is connected to the microwave generating device, and a plurality of coupling holes 11 are arranged on the input waveguide 1; a control module, the control module is connected to the input waveguide 1 signal to control the high-power microwave in the input waveguide 1 to be transmitted through a specified route; an annular coupling transformation cavity 2, the annular coupling transformation cavity 2 is located outside the input waveguide 1, and the annular coupling transformation cavity 2 is coaxially arranged with the input waveguide 1; a tuner 5, the tuner 5 is located at one end of the input waveguide 1 away from the microwave generating device and connected to the inner wall of the input waveguide 1, and the tuner 5 slides and shifts on the inner wall of the input waveguide 1 to achieve tuning of the power divider.

[0028] With the above arrangement, the input waveguide 1 is located at the axial position of the entire system, the size of the input waveguide 1 is designed according to the microwave frequency band generated by the microwave generating device, and the high-power microwave generated by the front-stage microwave generating device is introduced into the high-power microwave power distributor; the annular coupling conversion cavity 2 is connected to the coupling hole 11 on the side wall of the input waveguide 1, and after the control module controls the tuner 5 to slide to the specified position, the microwave generated by the microwave generating device enters the power distributor through the input waveguide 1, and enters the annular coupling conversion cavity 2 through the coupling hole 11 on the input waveguide 1, and under the joint action of the annular coupling conversion cavity 2 and the tuner 5, the microwave entering the input waveguide 1 is 01 The mode microwave is coupled into the annular coupling conversion cavity 2 by magnetic coupling. At the same time, the tuner 5 slides to the position of about (n+1 / 4) wavelength of the input waveguide 1 (n is any non-negative integer), and the microwave energy that continues to be transmitted downstream along the input waveguide 1 is reflected and eliminated, ensuring that the TM 01 The mode microwave can be efficiently coupled into the annular coupling conversion cavity 2 to achieve efficient transmission and distribution of system energy, solving the technical problem of complex structure and large volume of the power divider in the related technology.

[0029] In the high power microwave power distributor of this embodiment, see Figure 2 , the multiple coupling holes 11 are all arranged outside the input waveguide 1, the axes of the multiple coupling holes 11 are all located in the first preset plane, and the included angles of the axes of the multiple coupling holes 11 in the first preset plane are equal. In this way, the multiple coupling holes 11 are evenly distributed along the outside of the input waveguide 1, so that the microwave energy entering the annular coupling conversion cavity 2 through each coupling hole 11 is roughly similar.

[0030] Specifically, the first preset plane is any plane in the input waveguide 1 that is perpendicular to the axis of the input waveguide 1 .

[0031] Specifically, the input waveguide 1 is used to introduce high-power microwaves generated by the microwave generating device into the high-power microwave power distributor. A plurality of coupling holes 11 are provided on the input waveguide 1. The coupling holes 11 are used to couple microwave energy from the input waveguide 1 to the downstream.

[0032] In the high power microwave power distributor of this embodiment, see Figure 3 , the annular coupling conversion cavity 2 includes: a coupling channel 6, one end of which is connected to the coupling hole 11, and the coupling channel 6 extends in a direction away from the input waveguide; an annular conversion cavity 7, which is connected to the end of the coupling channel 6 away from the input waveguide 1; and an output hole 8, which is distributed on the side of the annular conversion cavity 7 away from the coupling channel 6, and is used to output high-power microwave energy. In this way, the coupling channel 6 is set at a certain position on the side wall of the input waveguide 1, and is connected to the input waveguide 1 through the coupling hole 11. The annular conversion cavity 7 is located at the end of the coupling channel 6 away from the input waveguide 1, and the output hole 8 is distributed on the side of the annular conversion cavity 7 away from the coupling channel 6. The microwaves entering the power divider through the input waveguide 1 pass through the coupling hole 11 to enter the coupling channel 6, and then enter the annular conversion cavity 7 through the coupling channel 6. Most of the microwave energy is transmitted to the annular conversion cavity 7 to form a standing wave, and is coupled to the rectangular waveguide TE at the output hole 8. 10 model.

[0033] In the high power microwave power distributor of this embodiment, see Figure 4 , the coupling channel 6 is arranged corresponding to the coupling hole 11. In this way, the coupling hole 11 and the coupling channel 6 are smoothly connected, so that the high-power microwave can be smoothly transmitted downstream.

[0034] Specifically, the annular transformation cavity 7 is coaxially connected to the coupling hole 11 of the input waveguide 1 through one or more coupling channels 6 , wherein the cross section of the coupling channel 6 may be rectangular or circular, and the number of the coupling channels 6 is not limited.

[0035] In the high power microwave power distributor of this embodiment, see Figure 4 , the axis of the ring transformation cavity 7 coincides with the axis of the input waveguide 1. In this way, the structures and lengths of the multiple coupling channels 6 arranged between the ring transformation cavity 7 and the input waveguide 1 are the same.

[0036] In the high power microwave power distributor of this embodiment, see Figure 4 , there are multiple output holes 8, and the multiple output holes 8 are all arranged outside the annular conversion cavity 7. The axes of the multiple output holes 8 are all located in the second preset plane, and the included angles of the axes of the multiple output holes 8 in the second preset plane are equal. In this way, the multiple output holes 8 are evenly distributed outside the annular conversion cavity 7, the number of output holes 8 is the same as the number of output antenna array surfaces ultimately required by the omnidirectional radiation system, and the transmission efficiency of each output hole 8 is similar, ensuring that any channel can efficiently output high-power microwave energy.

[0037] Specifically, the second preset plane is any plane in the annular coupling transformation cavity 2 that is perpendicular to the axis of the annular coupling transformation cavity 2 .

[0038] In the high power microwave power distributor of this embodiment, see Figure 1 The high-power microwave power distributor further includes an output waveguide 4, which is used to transmit microwaves to the next-level radiation antenna. The output waveguide 4 is connected to the output hole 8, and a plurality of output waveguides 4 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of output holes 8. In this way, the number of output waveguides 4 corresponds to the output holes 8, and the output holes 8 transmit microwave energy to the corresponding output waveguide 4, ensuring that any output waveguide 4 can efficiently output high-power microwave energy.

[0039] In the high power microwave power distributor of this embodiment, see Figure 2 The control module includes a microwave switch 3, which is arranged between the output hole 8 and the output waveguide 4. A mounting groove 41 is arranged between the output hole 8 and the output waveguide 4, and the microwave switch 3 is movably arranged in the mounting groove 41. Specifically, the microwave switch 3 is inserted in the mounting groove 41. The microwave switch 3 can be a high-power microwave switch such as a mechanical switch or a plasma switch. The output waveguide 4 is connected to the output hole 8 of the annular coupling conversion cavity 2, and the mounting groove 41 is located between the two. The microwave interruption or transmission of the corresponding channel is controlled by inserting or removing the microwave switch 3 in the mounting groove 41. After receiving the instruction of the upper system, the control module inserts the microwave switch 3 connected to the output waveguide 4 that does not need to transmit microwaves into the corresponding mounting groove 41, ensuring that the high-power microwave can only be transmitted to the lower level through the specific output waveguide 4.

[0040] In the high power microwave power distributor of this embodiment, see Figure 1 , the input waveguide 1 is a cylinder; the annular transformation cavity 7 is a circular column.

[0041] Preferably, the input waveguide 1 is a circular waveguide with an inner diameter of 200 mm, and the length of the input waveguide 1 is not less than 350 mm.

[0042] Preferably, the annular transformation chamber 7 is a circular column with an inner radius of 133 mm and an outer radius of 243 mm.

[0043] In the high power microwave power distributor of this embodiment, see Figure 2 The shape of the tuner 5 is adjusted according to the tuning bandwidth range; and / or, the tuner 5 is a flat plate structure or a tapered tapered structure. In this way, the tuner is located at the end of the input waveguide 1 away from the microwave generating device and is connected to the inner wall of the input waveguide 1. It can be slidably displaced on the inner wall of the input waveguide as needed to achieve tuning of the power divider.

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] A circular waveguide with an inner diameter of 200 mm is used as an input waveguide, and its length is not less than 350 mm; at a position about 164.7 mm away from the top of the input waveguide, four arc-surface coupling holes with rectangular projections are evenly arranged in the annular direction, and the projected rectangular length is 110 mm long and 55 mm wide; four coupling channels with rectangular cross-sections are connected to the four coupling holes one by one, and the cross-sectional dimensions are also 110 mm long and 55 mm wide; an annular conversion cavity with inner and outer radii of 133 mm and 243 mm respectively is arranged on the outside of the coupling channel, and four arc-surface coupling holes with rectangular projections are opened on the inside of the annular conversion cavity, and the projected rectangular cross-section is the same as the coupling channel size, and the annular conversion cavity coupling hole is smoothly connected to the corresponding coupling channel; four arc-surface output channels are arranged at angular corresponding positions on the outside of the annular conversion cavity, and the projected rectangular cross-section is the same as the coupling channel size, and the annular conversion cavity coupling hole is smoothly connected to the corresponding coupling channel. The rectangular cross section is the same size as the coupling channel, and four output rectangular waveguides with the same cross section are connected one by one; an arc-shaped microwave switch with a thickness of 3mm is set between the two, and its cross-sectional projection width is the same as the cross-sectional width of the output rectangular waveguide, and its height is slightly higher than the cross-sectional height of the output rectangular waveguide. The arc surface of the microwave switch is tangent to the output channel of the annular conversion cavity, and it moves along the height direction to realize the microwave disconnection of the corresponding channel; the other ends of the four output rectangular waveguides are respectively connected one by one with the corresponding next-level radiation antenna; the tuner is a truncated cone-shaped thin plate, the upper bottom radius of which is 30mm, the lower bottom radius of which is 200mm, and the height of which is 20mm. The tuner can slide on the inner wall of the end of the input circular waveguide away from the relativistic microwave generating device, and its position is determined according to the tuning frequency requirements; all materials of the entire power divider are metal materials.

[0046] The working process of the above-mentioned power divider is as follows: after receiving the system launch preparation command and instruction data such as microwave frequency and launch direction, the power divider will turn off the microwave switch connected to the output waveguide that does not need to transmit microwaves, ensuring that high-power microwaves can only be transmitted to the downstream through a specific output waveguide; at the same time, according to the set microwave frequency information, adjust the tuner to the specified position to achieve the maximum transmission efficiency of the required frequency point; then, the upper system controls the previous relativistic microwave generating device to emit high-power microwaves and couples them into the power divider through the input waveguide. Under the joint action of the coupling channel of the annular coupling conversion cavity and the tuner, most of the microwave energy is transmitted to the annular conversion cavity to form a standing wave and is coupled into a rectangular waveguide TE at the output port opened by the microwave switch. 10 In this mode, microwave energy is transmitted to the next-stage radiation antenna through the output matrix waveguide connected to it, thus realizing efficient transmission and distribution of system energy.

[0047] See also Figures 5 and 6 , the power divider was simulated at an operating frequency of 1.58 GHz using high-frequency electromagnetic field software. It can be seen that the circular waveguide TM fed into the input circular waveguide 01 After passing through the power divider, the mode microwave energy passes through the rectangular waveguide TE in the designated output rectangular waveguide channel. 01mode output. When fed with 0.5W, the maximum field strength inside the entire power divider is 873V / m, from which it is estimated that its power capacity is greater than 2GW. By adjusting the position of the tuner, the power divider can achieve efficient microwave energy transmission in the frequency range of 1.569GHz to 1.581GHz, with a transmission efficiency of not less than 90%; when tuned to 1.58GHz, the transmission efficiency of its center frequency is 99.4%.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0049] Optionally, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0050] The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0051] In the above embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0052] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A high power microwave power divider, It is characterized in that include: An input waveguide (1), one end of the input waveguide (1) being connected to a microwave generating device, and a plurality of coupling holes (11) being provided on the input waveguide (1); A control module, the control module being connected to the input waveguide (1) signal to control the high-power microwaves in the input waveguide (1) to be transmitted through a designated route; An annular coupling transformation cavity (2), the annular coupling transformation cavity (2) being located outside the input waveguide (1), the annular coupling transformation cavity (2) being coaxially arranged with the input waveguide (1); A tuner (5), the tuner (5) being connected to an end of the input waveguide (1) away from the microwave generating device, the tuner (5) being connected to the inner wall of the input waveguide (1), and the tuner (5) being slidably displaced on the inner wall of the input waveguide (1) to achieve tuning of the power distributor.

2. The high power microwave power distributor according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The plurality of coupling holes (11) are all arranged outside the input waveguide (1), the axes of the plurality of coupling holes (11) are all located in a first preset plane, and the included angles of the axes of the plurality of coupling holes (11) in the first preset plane are equal.

3. The high power microwave power distributor according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The annular coupling conversion cavity (2) comprises: A coupling channel (6), one end of the coupling channel (6) being connected to the coupling hole (11), and the coupling channel (6) extending in a direction away from the input waveguide; a ring-shaped transformation cavity (7), the ring-shaped transformation cavity (7) being connected to an end of the coupling channel (6) away from the input waveguide (1); An output hole (8), the output hole (8) being distributed on a side of the annular transformation cavity (7) away from the coupling channel (6), the output hole (8) being used to output high-power microwave energy.

4. The high power microwave power distributor according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The coupling channel (6) is arranged corresponding to the coupling hole (11).

5. The high power microwave power distributor according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The axis of the annular transformation cavity (7) coincides with the axis of the input waveguide (1).

6. The high power microwave power distributor according to claim 3, It is characterized in that There are a plurality of output holes (8), and the plurality of output holes (8) are all arranged outside the annular transformation chamber (7). The axes of the plurality of output holes (8) are all located in a second preset plane, and the included angles of the axes of the plurality of output holes (8) in the second preset plane are equal.

7. The high power microwave power distributor according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The high-power microwave power distributor further comprises an output waveguide (4), wherein the output waveguide (4) is used to transmit microwaves to a next-stage radiation antenna, the output waveguide (4) is connected to the output hole (8), and a plurality of the output waveguides (4) and a plurality of the output holes (8) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

8. The high power microwave power distributor according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The control module comprises a microwave switch (3), wherein the microwave switch (3) is arranged between the output hole (8) and the output waveguide (4), a mounting groove (41) is arranged between the output hole (8) and the output waveguide (4), and the microwave switch (3) is movably arranged in the mounting groove (41).

9. The high power microwave power distributor according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The input waveguide (1) is a cylinder; and / or, The annular transformation cavity (7) is a circular ring column.

10. The high power microwave power distributor according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The shape of the tuner (5) is adjusted according to the tuning bandwidth range; and / or the tuner (5) is a flat plate structure or a tapered tapered structure.

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