Direct-current power supply board card for polar plate charging and direct-current power supply
By integrating high-frequency filtering, bucking and phase commutation circuits in the DC power supply board, combined with analog and digital-to-analog control, the constant current and constant voltage requirements for electrode plate charging in the salt lake lithium extraction process are solved, and high-efficiency and accurate power supply is achieved The output reduces energy consumption and improves the efficiency of lithium extraction in the salt lake.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420108974.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-16
AI Technical Summary
The existing DC power supply cannot meet the constant current and constant voltage switching, commutation and sampling functions of plate charging in the salt lake lithium extraction process, and the sealing performance and shielding performance are insufficient in high salt and high humidity environments, resulting in high energy consumption.
A DC power supply board is designed, including high-frequency filtering circuit, first-stage buck circuit, output rectifier circuit, second-stage buck circuit and output rectifier commutation circuit. Combined with analog control and digital-to-analog hybrid circuit, inverter reduction is adopted Pressure, chopping step-down and MOS tube H-bridge phase commutation technology are equipped with heat sink and 485 communication ports to realize constant current and constant voltage and commutation functions, and improve accuracy and efficiency through two-stage step-down and digital-to-analog hybrid control.
It realizes the provision of high-precision output in small power supplies, reduces the energy consumption of lithium extraction in salt lakes, improves lithium extraction efficiency, and supports online hot-swap and remote communication control, which is suitable for multiple pairs of substrate charging and enhances the degree of automation of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN222169327U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power supply boards, in particular to a direct current power supply board and a direct current power supply for charging polar plates. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, with the market demand for new energy, battery technology has developed rapidly. In recent years, with the maturity of lithium battery technology, the widespread use of mobile devices and energy storage devices, such as mobile phones, new energy vehicles, electric vehicles, household appliances, and energy storage devices, lithium resources have been consumed in large quantities. In other words, lithium resources are an important strategic resource for the development of the new generation of economy.
[0003] my country's lithium mineral resources mainly exist in the form of salt lake brine, and the development of "salt lake lithium extraction" technology has become the key. There are four main sources of lithium resources: spodumene, lithium clay, lithium brine and lithium mica. Spodumene, lithium clay and lithium mica are all in the form of solid ores, while lithium brine is in the form of salt lake brine. According to the existing reserves that have been identified, 88% of my country's lithium resources exist in the form of salt lake brine. In other words, if we want to vigorously develop my country's lithium mineral resources, salt lake lithium extraction technology is very critical. In the salt lake lithium extraction process, the DC power supply is a key equipment. The quality of the DC current determines the effect of lithium extraction and deintercalation, and the efficiency of the DC power supply determines the energy consumption. For the plate charging in the salt lake lithium extraction process of the electrochemical deintercalation method, it is necessary to have constant current and constant voltage switching, commutation and sampling functions, and because the environment for lithium extraction from salt lakes is mostly a high-salt and high-humidity environment, there are also high requirements for the sealing and shielding performance of the power supply, but the current conventional DC power supply cannot meet the needs of salt lake lithium extraction. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a DC power supply board and a DC power supply for plate charging, so as to realize the constant current and constant voltage switching, commutation and remote compensation functions of the power supply, and meet higher precision requirements, so as to achieve the technical effect of reducing the energy consumption of lithium extraction from salt lakes.
[0005] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a DC power supply card for plate charging, the DC power supply card comprising:
[0006] A board housing, and a power board inside the board housing;
[0007] The power board is provided with a high-frequency filter circuit, a primary step-down circuit, an output rectifier circuit, a secondary step-down circuit and an output rectifier commutation circuit which are connected in sequence.
[0008] Furthermore, the power board is also provided with an analog control circuit, and the analog control circuit is respectively connected to the primary step-down circuit and the output rectifier circuit.
[0009] Furthermore, a digital-analog hybrid circuit is also provided on the power board, and the digital-analog hybrid circuit is connected to the secondary step-down circuit.
[0010] Furthermore, the primary buck circuit includes an inverter buck circuit, the secondary buck circuit includes a chopper buck circuit, and the output rectification and commutation circuit includes a MOS tube H-bridge commutation circuit.
[0011] Furthermore, a heat sink is provided on one side of the board housing, and the heat sink comprises an aluminum alloy heat sink.
[0012] Furthermore, the power board is provided with a communication port, and the communication port includes a 485 communication port.
[0013] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a DC power supply for charging a plate, the DC power supply comprising a plurality of DC power supply boards as described above, the DC power supply further comprising:
[0014] A power supply chassis, and an AC power supply card disposed inside the power supply chassis;
[0015] The AC power supply board is provided with a lightning protection circuit, an EMI circuit and a rectification circuit which are connected in sequence;
[0016] The rectifier circuit is respectively connected to the high-frequency filter circuits on a plurality of the DC power supply boards.
[0017] Furthermore, the rectifier circuit is connected to the high-frequency filter circuit via a busbar and a plug-in connector.
[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of card slots are arranged inside the power supply chassis, and a guide rail slider matched with the card slot is arranged on the card housing of each of the DC power supply cards.
[0019] The utility model provides a DC power supply board and a DC power supply for plate charging. The DC power supply board provided by the utility model can provide voltage and current according to the characteristics of the plate, and realize constant current, constant voltage, and commutation functions. At the same time, it can sample through the compensation terminal, monitor the current and voltage status of the plate in real time, and through the two-stage step-down and digital-analog hybrid control method, ensure high output precision while ensuring a small power supply size, and provide efficiency at the same time. In addition, the utility model also provides a modular DC power supply, which can charge multiple pairs of substrates and realize one-to-one control with the plate. While realizing constant current, constant voltage, remote compensation, and commutation functions, it also supports online hot plugging and remote communication control, further reducing the energy consumption of lithium extraction from salt lakes and improving the efficiency of lithium extraction from salt lakes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a DC power supply board in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a DC power supply board in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a DC power supply in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 4 It is another internal structure schematic diagram of the DC power supply in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a DC power supply in an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0026] See also Figure 1 The first embodiment of the utility model proposes a DC power board for charging a plate, comprising a board housing and a power board inside the board housing, wherein the power board is provided with a high-frequency filter circuit 100, a primary step-down circuit 110, an output rectifier circuit 120, a secondary step-down circuit 130 and an output rectifier commutation circuit 140 connected in sequence. In addition to the relevant circuits on the power board, in order to facilitate connection with an external power source and the plate, the power board is also provided with a power input connector, a power output terminal, a compensation terminal, a communication port, and a heat dissipation structure and a guide slider and other components on the board housing. Figure 2 The views in various directions shown in the figure illustrate the working process of the DC power supply board. The dimensions in the figure are the preferred dimensions of the DC power supply board, and the unit is mm. Among them, the board indicator light 10 is located on the front side of the board housing, the communication port 12, the compensation terminal 13, and the output terminal 14 are all located on the rear side of the board housing, the input connector 15 and the guide rail slider 16 are all located on the lower side of the board housing, and a heat sink 17 is arranged on the outside of the board housing. The board housing is an aluminum plate structure, and the left and right sides are shielding end plates 18. The power supply board is installed inside the board housing and is sealed with an insulating resin seal 19.
[0027] See also Figure 2 The high-frequency filtering circuit 100 receives a DC voltage from the outside through the input connector 15. The 24V DC voltage is obtained by rectifying the 220V AC voltage and is used as the power supply for the DC power supply board. After the DC voltage is filtered through the high-frequency filter, it is stepped down and rectified by the primary step-down circuit 110 and the output rectifier circuit 120, and then rectified into a DC 2V / 50A by the secondary step-down circuit 130 and the output rectifier commutation circuit 140. Finally, the output terminal 14 is used to supply power to the external plate used for extracting lithium from the salt lake, and the board indicator light 10 is on.
[0028] Since the power supply for the plate needs to be output at a low voltage and a large current, if a traditional one-stage step-down circuit is used, the output voltage of 220V AC after rectification is 310V. When 2V or even a few tenths of V is output directly through the transformer, the feedback and control accuracy are relatively poor, the output voltage error is relatively large, and the transformer size is very large during the one-stage step-down, due to the large turns and large secondary output current, the size of the transformer is very large, the size of the whole machine is not small, and the heat loss is large, and the heat dissipation of the transformer is also difficult to achieve. In order to solve this problem, the utility model provides a two-stage step-down circuit, which improves the accuracy of the output voltage and reduces the size and heat loss of the transformer through the two-stage step-down circuit.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the primary buck circuit 110 adopts an inverter buck circuit, and in this embodiment, an analog control circuit 150 is also provided on the power board, and the analog control circuit 150 is connected to the primary buck circuit 110 and the output rectifier circuit 120 respectively. The analog control circuit 150 is used to receive a feedback signal from the output rectifier circuit 120, and control the primary buck circuit 110 through the feedback signal, thereby improving the control accuracy of the buck rectifier. It should be noted that the circuits in the utility model are all existing functional circuits, and will not be repeated in the following.
[0030] In this embodiment, the secondary buck circuit 130 adopts a chopper buck circuit, which uses an interleaved parallel BUCK plus synchronous rectification technology. Compared with the traditional chopper buck circuit, the interleaved parallel BUCK circuit is very suitable for large current output requirements. Through the staggered phase design, the heat loss of the output inductor can be effectively reduced, the efficiency of the power supply can be improved, and the size of the output inductor can be reduced. For the same output current and ripple requirements, the interleaved parallel BUCK technology has very small requirements for the output capacitor capacity. The reduction of the inductor size and capacitor capacity can realize the design of a smaller size of the whole power supply. The synchronous rectification technology uses a low on-resistance MOSFET tube (on-resistance 1mΩ) instead of a traditional diode (on-voltage drop 0.45V) as an output rectifier device, which is very helpful for reducing device heat loss and improving product efficiency. Assuming that the final output power parameter is 2V / 50A, if a traditional diode is used, the rectification loss is approximately: P=0.45V*50A=22.5W, and if two MOS tubes are used in parallel as a rectification circuit, the loss is approximately: P=50A*50A*0.001Ω / 2=1.25W. It can be seen that the heat loss of the two differs by 18 times. Therefore, the staggered parallel BUCK plus synchronous rectification secondary buck circuit 130 used in this embodiment can effectively reduce the heat loss of the output inductor, thereby improving the efficiency of the power supply.
[0031] The output rectification and commutation circuit 140 uses MOS tubes for H-bridge commutation. Compared with traditional relay commutation and dedicated commutators, due to the limitations of commutation devices, the contact resistance of a single contact is about 10mΩ, the sum of the resistances of the positive and negative poles is about 20mΩ, and the commutation loss is about: P = 50A*50A*0.02Ω = 50W; while using MOS tubes for H-bridge commutation, the impedance of one bridge arm is about 0.9mΩ, and the commutation loss is about: P = 50A*50A*0.0009Ω = 2.25W. The commutation losses of the two differ by about 22 times. That is to say, the output rectification and commutation circuit 140 in this embodiment can effectively reduce the commutation loss and further improve the efficiency of the power supply.
[0032] Furthermore, the present embodiment also provides a digital-analog hybrid circuit 160, which is connected to the secondary buck circuit 130, and the digital-analog hybrid circuit 160 also collects the voltage and current of the external plate in real time through the compensation terminal 13, and regulates the secondary buck circuit 130 according to the collected feedback signal. Compared with the traditional analog control method, the digital-analog hybrid control method provided by the present embodiment not only meets the characteristics of the traditional analog control that the output voltage / current can be linearly adjusted, but also has the characteristics of the digital control that has strong anti-interference ability, precise control, good flexibility and external programmable control. Preferably, the analog-digital hybrid circuit 160 uses a high-speed DSP chip as the main control unit, and is matched with a high-precision ADC / DAC sampling / given chip, and samples from the compensation terminal 13, which can quickly and accurately complete the circuit closed-loop control, ensure the accuracy of the output voltage / current, reduce the output ripple voltage, and thus reduce the product failure rate. Furthermore, the parameters of the digital-analog hybrid circuit 160 can be quickly set through an external parameter setting display device. The specific setting method can refer to the conventional parameter setting method for the digital-analog hybrid circuit, which will not be repeated here.
[0033] Due to the special environment of lithium extraction from salt lakes, the equipment environment is mostly a relatively harsh working environment such as high altitude and salt spray corrosion. It is necessary not only to ensure efficiency and heat dissipation, but also to provide good protection. Therefore, the utility model sets a heat sink 17 on the outside of the board housing. The heat sink 17 adopts an aluminum alloy heat sink to improve the heat dissipation efficiency. At the same time, the power board is encapsulated with an insulating resin seal 19 inside the board housing to prevent oxidation of electrical components. Compared with traditional spray-coated three-proof paint, the protection and heat dissipation effects are better. At the same time, the board housing is installed and fixed with an all-metal aluminum plate, which not only ensures product protection but also has a certain protection and reduction function against electromagnetic interference such as EMI / EMC.
[0034] Furthermore, a communication port 12 is also provided on the power board, and the communication port 12 can adopt a 485 communication port to realize remote control and acquisition of the power board, thereby improving the automation degree of the DC power board. At the same time, the hot plugging of the DC power board can be realized through the guide rail slider 18, making subsequent debugging configuration and maintenance more convenient.
[0035] The utility model provides a DC power supply board for plate charging in a salt lake lithium extraction process, which provides voltage and current according to the characteristics of the plate, and can not only realize constant current, constant voltage and commutation functions, but also can perform sampling through compensation terminals, and monitor the current and voltage states of the plate in real time. Through two-stage voltage reduction and digital-analog hybrid control, high output precision is guaranteed while ensuring a small power supply size, and efficiency is improved at the same time.
[0036] See also Figure 3Based on the same inventive concept, the second embodiment of the present invention proposes a DC power supply for plate charging, comprising a plurality of DC power supply boards 1 as described above, the DC power supply further comprising: a power supply chassis, and an AC power supply board 2 arranged inside the power supply chassis, the AC power supply board 2 being connected to a plurality of DC power supply boards 1 respectively, for details, please refer to Figure 4 The AC power board 2 is provided with a lightning protection circuit 200, an EMI circuit 210 and a rectifier circuit 220 which are connected in sequence; the rectifier circuit 220 is respectively connected to the high-frequency filter circuits 100 on several DC power boards 1.
[0037] See also Figure 5 A main power switch 20 and a main power indicator light 21 are provided on the front side of the power supply chassis 3, and the board indicator lights 10 of each DC power supply board 1 are also displayed on the front side. A main power plug 22 is provided on the rear side of the power supply chassis 3, and the communication port 12, the compensation terminal 13, and the output terminal 14 of each DC power supply board 1 are also located on the rear side of the power supply chassis 3. The power supply chassis can adopt a standard 4U chassis, and 20 standard 4HP card slots are provided in the cabinet. Every two card slots can be inserted with a DC power supply board, that is, the DC power supply in this embodiment can be installed with multiple channels of standardized DC power supply boards. 220V AC enters the AC power supply board 2 through the main power plug 22, the main power switch 20 is closed, the main power indicator light 21 is lit, and the AC passes through the lightning protection circuit 200, the EMI circuit 210 and the rectifier circuit 220 to rectify the 220V AC into 24V DC, and the DC power supplies the DC power supply board 1 through the bus and the plug-in connector 23.
[0038] The DC power board 1 is inserted into the rack through the guide rail slider 16, and is connected and fixed with the plug connector 23 through the input connector 15. After docking, the board indicator light 10 lights up, and the DC power is stepped down and rectified in two stages through the DC power board 1, and a low-voltage and high-current 2V / 50A is output, and each pair of plates is powered through the output terminal 14. Since each DC power board 1 is fixed and isolated with an aluminum plate, shielded from each other, it has a certain anti-interference ability against electromagnetic such as EMI / EMC, and since each DC power board 1 is provided with a communication port 12, remote control and monitoring can be realized, free configuration can be realized, and the automation degree of the production line is improved. The power boards in this embodiment are independent of each other and do not affect each other, so hot plugging is realized, which is convenient for online debugging and maintenance. The modular DC power supply provided in this embodiment has a small size, many channels, and takes up less space, shortens the cable spacing with the plate, reduces voltage loss and energy consumption, and improves the utilization rate of electric energy. In the production line, as the volume and output of the membrane stack increase, the number of plates also increases. Through the modular DC power supply of this embodiment, it can be freely combined and matched according to actual conditions, and the modular DC power supply can be assembled into a cabinet, and then remotely controlled through communication, which greatly improves the intelligence and digitization of the workshop.
[0039] In summary, the utility model embodiment proposes a DC power supply board and DC power supply for plate charging, the DC power supply board includes a board housing, and a power supply board inside the board housing; the power supply board is provided with a high-frequency filter circuit, a primary step-down circuit, an output rectifier circuit, a secondary step-down circuit and an output rectifier commutation circuit connected in sequence. The DC power supply board and modular DC power supply for plate charging in the salt lake lithium extraction process provided by the utility model can be controlled one-to-one with the plate, and provide voltage and current according to the characteristics of the plate. The utility model can not only realize constant current, constant voltage, and commutation functions, but also can sample through the compensation terminal, monitor the current and voltage status of the plate in real time, and ensure high output precision while ensuring a small power supply size through two-stage step-down and digital-analog hybrid control, while providing efficiency.
[0040] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts of each embodiment can be directly referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. It should be noted that the technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0041] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several preferred implementation modes of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A DC power supply card for plate charging, characterized in that: include: A board housing, and a power board inside the board housing; The power board is provided with a high-frequency filter circuit, a primary step-down circuit, an output rectifier circuit, a secondary step-down circuit and an output rectifier commutation circuit which are connected in sequence.
2. The DC power supply card for plate charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power board is also provided with an analog control circuit, which is connected to the primary step-down circuit and the output rectifier circuit respectively.
3. The DC power supply card for plate charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power board is also provided with a digital-analog hybrid circuit, and the digital-analog hybrid circuit is connected to the secondary step-down circuit.
4. The DC power supply card for plate charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary buck circuit includes an inverter buck circuit, the secondary buck circuit includes a chopper buck circuit, and the output rectification and switching circuit includes a MOS tube H-bridge switching circuit.
5. The DC power supply card for plate charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat sink is arranged on one side of the board housing, and the heat sink comprises an aluminum alloy heat sink.
6. The DC power supply card for plate charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power board is provided with a communication port, and the communication port includes a 485 communication port.
7. A DC power supply for charging a plate, characterized in that: The DC power supply comprises a plurality of DC power supply boards according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the DC power supply further comprises: A power supply chassis, and an AC power supply card disposed inside the power supply chassis; The AC power supply board is provided with a lightning protection circuit, an EMI circuit and a rectification circuit which are connected in sequence; The rectifier circuit is respectively connected to the high-frequency filter circuits on a plurality of the DC power supply boards.
8. The DC power supply for plate charging according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rectifier circuit is connected to the high-frequency filter circuit via a busbar and a plug-in connector.
9. The DC power supply for plate charging according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of card slots are arranged inside the power supply chassis, and a guide rail slider matched with the card slots is arranged on the card housing of each DC power supply card.