Safe cylindrical battery
By designing a combination of fire extinguishing module and cutter in a cylindrical battery, the problem of fire and explosion caused by external force impact or internal overheating is solved, and the safety of the battery is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420664337.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing cylindrical batteries are prone to diaphragm melting and positive and negative electrode short circuits when they are impacted by external forces or violent internal reactions, resulting in safety hazards such as fire and explosion of the battery.
A safety cylindrical battery is designed, using a combination of a fire extinguishing module and a cutter. The fire extinguishing module melts at high temperatures. The cutter cuts the fire extinguishing core when the external force impacts, so that the fire extinguishing agent flows into the battery cell to prevent explosion.
Effectively prevents fire and explosion accidents caused by overheating or external impact of batteries, which significantly improves the safety of batteries.
Smart Images
Figure CN222172915U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a safe cylindrical battery. Background Art
[0002] Cylindrical batteries are increasingly used in consumer electronics, power batteries and energy storage batteries. Battery safety has always been an important factor for batteries. When the battery shell is deformed by external forces, such as the deformation of the battery pack when an electric vehicle is hit, or when a violent reaction occurs inside the battery, the battery diaphragm is prone to melt and the positive and negative electrodes are short-circuited, which can lead to battery fire and explosion accidents. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model provides a safe cylindrical battery.
[0004] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems: providing a safe cylindrical battery, comprising a cylindrical shell, in which a cylindrical battery cell is arranged; a positive pole is arranged on the upper side of the cylindrical shell, and the positive pole is electrically connected to the cylindrical battery cell through a positive pole ear; a fire extinguishing module is arranged in the cylindrical shell between the positive pole and the cylindrical battery cell, the fire extinguishing module has an outer shell that melts when heated, and a fire extinguishing agent is arranged in the fire extinguishing module; a fire extinguishing core is arranged on the lower side of the fire extinguishing module, the fire extinguishing core extends downward into the middle position of the cylindrical battery cell, and the inner cavity of the fire extinguishing core is connected with the inner cavity of the fire extinguishing module; a cutter is mounted on the fire extinguishing core, the cutter has a middle knife hole, the blade is arranged around the inner side of the middle knife hole, the middle knife hole has a blade, and the fire extinguishing core passes through the middle knife hole.
[0005] The safe cylindrical battery provided by the utility model has at least the following technical effects by adopting a design in which a disconnector is combined with a fire extinguishing module: once the battery is overheated, the outer shell structure of the fire extinguishing module melts; or when the battery is deformed by an external impact, the disconnector can cut off the fire extinguishing module or the fire extinguishing core so that the fire extinguishing agent can flow out and fill the cylindrical battery cell position for fire extinguishing, thereby preventing battery fire and explosion accidents and greatly improving the safety of the energy storage battery.
[0006] As some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, the disconnector is located between the fire extinguishing module and the cylindrical battery core.
[0007] As some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, the disconnector is provided with a disconnector pole ear hole, and the positive electrode ear passes through the disconnector pole ear hole.
[0008] As some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, the cutter is a circular plate-shaped structure.
[0009] As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a gap is left between the edge of the cutter and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell.
[0010] As some preferred embodiments of the utility model, the fire extinguishing module is provided with a fire extinguishing module pole ear hole, and the positive pole ear passes through the fire extinguishing module pole ear hole.
[0011] As some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, the positive electrode column is connected to the cylindrical shell via an insulating connecting ring, and the positive electrode column passes through the insulating connecting ring.
[0012] As some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, the shell of the fire extinguishing module is low-density polyethylene, and the interior of the fire extinguishing module is filled with carbon tetrachloride fire extinguishing agent.
[0013] As some preferred embodiments of the utility model, the cylindrical shell includes an upper positive electrode cover plate, a middle cylindrical shell, and a lower negative electrode cover plate, and the lower side of the cylindrical battery cell is electrically connected to the negative electrode cover plate through a negative electrode ear.
[0014] As some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, an upper gasket is provided between the lower side of the disconnector and the cylindrical battery cell, and a lower gasket is provided between the cylindrical battery cell and the negative electrode cover plate.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0016] 1. Once the internal temperature of the battery exceeds the safe temperature, the shell of the fire extinguishing module melts, and the fire extinguishing agent inside the fire extinguishing module can flow out and fill the cylindrical battery cell position to prevent the battery from catching fire and exploding;
[0017] 2. Once the battery is deformed by external impact, the disconnector can cut off the fire extinguishing module or the fire extinguishing core so that the fire extinguishing agent can flow out and fill the cylindrical battery cell position to extinguish the fire, so that the internal fire extinguishing agent can flow out and fill the battery cell position to prevent battery fire and explosion accidents;
[0018] 3. The new design is especially suitable for the shape of cylindrical batteries and has the characteristics of high charge and discharge performance and high capacity.
[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:
[0021] Figure 1It is a three-dimensional diagram of the safety cylindrical battery of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the safety cylindrical battery of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the positive electrode cover plate in the utility model;
[0024] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the fire extinguishing module in the utility model;
[0025] Figure 5 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the cutter in the utility model.
[0026] Reference numerals:
[0027] Cylindrical shell 100, positive electrode cover plate 110, positive electrode column 111, insulating connecting ring 112, explosion-proof valve 113, injection hole 114, cylindrical shell 120, negative electrode cover plate 130; cylindrical battery cell 200, upper gasket 210, lower gasket 220; fire extinguishing module 300, fire extinguishing module pole ear hole 301, fire extinguishing core 310; disconnector 400, middle knife hole 410, disconnector pole ear hole 420. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0030] In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is more than two, and "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.
[0031] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.
[0032] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of an embodiment of the utility model, referring to Figure 1 One embodiment of the utility model provides a safe cylindrical battery that can be used as a power source in different types of power sources and devices.
[0033] Further, see Figure 2 The utility model safety cylindrical battery includes a cylindrical shell 100, which serves as the main structure of the battery. A cylindrical battery cell 200 is arranged in the cylindrical shell 100, and the cylindrical battery cell 200 serves as the battery storage part. The structure and working principle of the cylindrical battery cell 200 can refer to the cylindrical battery in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.
[0034] Further, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 A positive pole 111 is disposed on the upper side of the cylindrical shell 100, and the positive pole 111 is electrically connected to the cylindrical battery cell 200 via a positive pole ear. The positive pole 111 serves as the positive terminal of the safety cylindrical battery of the utility model.
[0035] Further, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 A fire extinguishing module 300 is provided in the cylindrical shell 100 between the positive pole 111 and the cylindrical battery cell 200. The fire extinguishing module 300 has a shell that melts when heated. The fire extinguishing module 300 contains a fire extinguishing agent, which is responsible for extinguishing the fire of the safety cylindrical battery of the utility model. Once the surrounding area of the fire extinguishing module 300 reaches a predetermined temperature, the shell will melt, so that the fire extinguishing agent will flow out to extinguish the fire.
[0036] Furthermore, a fire extinguishing core 310 is provided at the lower side of the fire extinguishing module 300 , and the fire extinguishing core 310 extends downward into the middle position of the cylindrical battery cell 200 . The inner cavity of the fire extinguishing core 310 is connected with the inner cavity of the fire extinguishing module 300 , that is, the fire extinguishing agent of the fire extinguishing module 300 will also flow into the fire extinguishing core 310 .
[0037] Further, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 The fire extinguishing core 310 is provided with a cutter 400, the cutter 400 has a middle knife hole 410, the middle knife hole 410 has a blade, the fire extinguishing core 310 passes through the middle knife hole 410, and the blade is arranged around the inner side of the middle knife hole 410, so that the blade of the middle knife hole 410 can cut off the fire extinguishing core 310 or the connection position between the fire extinguishing module 300 and the fire extinguishing core 310.
[0038] When the safety cylindrical battery of the utility model is working normally, it can be powered on through the positive pole 111 connection to realize power supply or power storage.
[0039] When the internal temperature of the safety cylindrical battery of the utility model exceeds the safety temperature, the shell of the fire extinguishing module 300 melts, and the fire extinguishing agent inside the fire extinguishing module 300 can flow out and fill the cylindrical battery core 200 to prevent the battery from catching fire or exploding. Therefore, the shell of the fire extinguishing module 300 is made of a material that can melt when exposed to heat, ensuring that the fire extinguishing module 300 can melt in time once it faces a temperature exceeding the safety temperature.
[0040] When the safety cylindrical battery of the utility model is impacted or squeezed by external force, the cylindrical shell 100 is deformed, and this deformation pushes the cutter 400 to move. The middle knife hole 410 of the cutter 400 can cut off the fire extinguishing core 310 or the connection position between the fire extinguishing module 300 and the fire extinguishing core 310, so that the fire extinguishing agent can flow out and fill the cylindrical battery cell 200 to prevent the battery from catching fire and exploding.
[0041] Some embodiments, see Figure 2 The cutter 400 is located between the fire extinguishing module 300 and the cylindrical battery cell 200, ensuring that after the cutter 400 completes the cutting action on the fire extinguishing module 300, the outflowing fire extinguishing agent can be more fully filled into the position of the cylindrical battery cell 200 to ensure the fire extinguishing effect.
[0042] Some embodiments, see Figure 5 The disconnector 400 is provided with a disconnector pole ear hole 420, and the positive pole ear passes through the disconnector pole ear hole 420 to prevent the disconnector 400 from obstructing the positive pole 111 from being electrically connected.
[0043] In some embodiments, the cutter 400 is a circular plate structure, which better matches the shape of the cylindrical shell 100 of the safety cylindrical battery of the present invention, ensuring that once the cylindrical shell 100 is deformed by an external impact, the cutter 400 can be pushed to move and perform cutting work.
[0044] In some embodiments, a gap is left between the edge of the cutter 400 and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 100 to ensure that after the cylindrical shell 100 is deformed by external impact, the cutter 400 has enough space to move, ensuring that the middle knife hole 410 can complete the cutting work of the fire extinguishing core 310 or the connection position between the fire extinguishing module 300 and the fire extinguishing core 310.
[0045] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the middle knife hole 410 of the cutter 400 is 4.2 mm, the outer diameter of the circular plate-shaped structure of the cutter 400 is 68 mm, and the thickness of the cutter 400 is 1 mm.
[0046] Some embodiments, see Figure 4The shell of the fire extinguishing module 300 is low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and the interior is filled with carbon tetrachloride fire extinguishing agent. When the temperature exceeds 105°C, the low-density polyethylene shell melts, and the carbon tetrachloride filled in the shell flows out and fills into the battery to prevent the battery from catching fire and exploding. When the battery temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature (for example, 105°C), the low-density polyethylene shell of the fire extinguishing module 300 melts, and the carbon tetrachloride filled in the shell flows out and fills into the battery to prevent the battery from catching fire and exploding.
[0047] In this embodiment, optionally, the shell thickness of the fire extinguishing module 300 is 1 mm.
[0048] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing module 300 has a diameter of 68 mm and a height of 10 mm, and the fire extinguishing core 310 has a diameter of 4 mm and a height of 132 mm.
[0049] In some embodiments, a fire extinguishing module ear hole 301 is provided on the fire extinguishing module 300 , and the positive electrode ear passes through the fire extinguishing module ear hole 301 to prevent the fire extinguishing module 300 from obstructing the positive electrode column 111 from being connected to electricity.
[0050] Some embodiments, see Figure 2 The cylindrical battery cell 200 is a wound cylindrical battery cell, and is hollow inside.
[0051] In this embodiment, optionally, the cylindrical battery cell 200 has an inner diameter of 4 mm, an outer diameter of 68 mm, and a height of 130 mm.
[0052] In some embodiments, the positive electrode material of the cylindrical battery cell 200 is lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, and the negative electrode material is silicon carbon.
[0053] In some embodiments, the positive electrode material of the cylindrical battery cell 200 is lithium iron phosphate, and the negative electrode material is graphite.
[0054] In some embodiments, the positive electrode column 111 is connected to the cylindrical shell 100 via an insulating connection ring 112. The positive electrode column 111 passes through the insulating connection ring 112, which not only ensures that the positive electrode column 111 is firmly fixed on the cylindrical shell 100, but also prevents the cylindrical shell 100 from being charged and causing a short circuit.
[0055] Some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 An explosion-proof valve 113 is provided on the cylindrical shell 100. When the internal pressure of the cylindrical shell 100 is too high, the explosion-proof valve 113 will be broken by the high pressure to achieve pressure relief and ensure safety.
[0056] In this embodiment, optionally, the explosion-proof valve 113 is a notched aluminum sheet.
[0057] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 113 is optionally a scored aluminum sheet with a thickness of 0.05 mm. When the internal pressure of the battery is greater than 0.45 MPa, the scored aluminum sheet ruptures to achieve a pressure relief effect.
[0058] In some embodiments, a liquid injection hole 114 is provided on the cylindrical shell 100 for injecting electrolyte. When manufacturing the battery, the electrolyte is added into the battery through the liquid injection hole 114, and then the liquid injection hole 114 is sealed.
[0059] In this embodiment, optionally, the diameter of the injection hole 114 is 2 mm.
[0060] In this embodiment, optionally, the injection hole 114 is sealed by laser using a steel ball after the injection is completed.
[0061] Some embodiments, see Figure 2 The cylindrical shell 100 includes an upper positive electrode cover plate 110, a middle cylindrical shell 120, and a lower negative electrode cover plate 130. The lower side of the cylindrical battery cell 200 is electrically connected to the negative electrode cover plate 130 through a negative electrode ear, which facilitates the assembly and connection of the cylindrical shell 100.
[0062] In this embodiment, optionally, the negative electrode ear is connected to the negative electrode cover plate 130 by welding, for example, by resistance welding.
[0063] In this embodiment, optionally, the upper positive electrode ear of the cylindrical battery cell 200 passes through the upper gasket, the disconnector ear hole, and the fire extinguishing module ear hole in sequence, and is laser welded to the bottom of the positive electrode column of the positive cover plate 110, and then the positive cover plate 110 and the cylindrical shell 120 are sealed by laser welding.
[0064] In this embodiment, the positive electrode cover plate 110 is optionally made of 2 mm nickel-plated SPCC steel material with a diameter of 70 mm. The cylindrical shell 120 is made of a nickel-plated SPCC steel shell with a shell thickness of 0.22 mm, an inner diameter of 70 mm, and a height of 150 mm. The cylindrical shell 120 and the negative electrode cover plate 130 are integrally formed.
[0065] In some embodiments, an upper gasket 210 is provided between the lower side of the disconnector 400 and the cylindrical battery cell 200, and a lower gasket 220 is provided between the cylindrical battery cell 200 and the negative electrode cover 130, so as to prevent the cylindrical battery cell 200 from discharging to other components in addition to being electrically connected to the outside through the tabs, thereby preventing leakage accidents. The positive and negative tabs of the cylindrical battery cell 200 can pass through the upper gasket 210 and the lower gasket 220 for electrical connection.
[0066] In this embodiment, optionally, the upper gasket 210 and the lower gasket 220 are made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) material.
[0067] In this embodiment, optionally, the upper gasket 210 and the lower gasket 220 have a thickness of 0.2 mm, an inner diameter of 4 mm, and an outer diameter of 68 mm.
[0068] In some embodiments, the safe cylindrical battery of the utility model adopts the cylindrical battery process in the prior art to perform the liquid filling, sealing and formation processes to prepare a cylindrical lithium battery.
[0069] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments" or "it is conceivable that" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.
[0070] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A safe cylindrical battery, comprising a cylindrical shell (100), wherein a cylindrical battery cell (200) is arranged in the cylindrical shell (100), characterized in that: A positive electrode column (111) is disposed on the upper side of the cylindrical shell (100), and the positive electrode column (111) is electrically connected to the cylindrical battery cell (200) via a positive electrode tab; A fire extinguishing module (300) is arranged in the cylindrical shell (100) between the positive pole (111) and the cylindrical battery core (200), the fire extinguishing module (300) having an outer shell that melts when heated, and a fire extinguishing agent is contained in the fire extinguishing module (300); A fire extinguishing core (310) is disposed at the lower side of the fire extinguishing module (300), the fire extinguishing core (310) extends downward into the middle position of the cylindrical battery cell (200), and the inner cavity of the fire extinguishing core (310) is communicated with the inner cavity of the fire extinguishing module (300); The fire extinguishing core (310) is provided with a cutter (400), the cutter (400) having a middle knife hole (410), the middle knife hole (410) having a blade, the blade being arranged around the inner side of the middle knife hole (410), and the fire extinguishing core (310) passing through the middle knife hole (410).
2. A safe cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disconnector (400) is located between the fire extinguishing module (300) and the cylindrical battery core (200).
3. A safe cylindrical battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The disconnector (400) is provided with a disconnector pole lug hole (420), and the positive pole lug passes through the disconnector pole lug hole (420).
4. A safe cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter (400) is a circular plate-shaped structure.
5. A safe cylindrical battery according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: A gap is left between the edge of the cutter (400) and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell (100).
6. A safe cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing module (300) is provided with a fire extinguishing module pole ear hole (301), and the positive pole ear passes through the fire extinguishing module pole ear hole (301).
7. A safe cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode column (111) is connected to the cylindrical shell (100) via an insulating connection ring (112), and the positive electrode column (111) passes through the insulating connection ring (112).
8. A safe cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell of the fire extinguishing module (300) is low-density polyethylene, and the interior of the fire extinguishing module (300) is filled with carbon tetrachloride fire extinguishing agent.
9. A safe cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical shell (100) comprises an upper positive electrode cover plate (110), a middle cylindrical shell (120), and a lower negative electrode cover plate (130); the lower side of the cylindrical battery cell (200) is electrically connected to the negative electrode cover plate (130) via a negative electrode ear.
10. A safe cylindrical battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: An upper gasket (210) is provided between the lower side of the disconnector (400) and the cylindrical battery cell (200), and a lower gasket (220) is provided between the cylindrical battery cell (200) and the negative electrode cover plate (130).