Walnut external quality sorting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a walnut external quality sorting device, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural product sorting devices. The feeding mechanism is in butt joint with the carrier roller conveying mechanism, the carrier roller conveying mechanism is in butt joint with the sorting mechanism, and the image collecting mechanism is installed on the carrier roller conveying mechanism. Images of walnuts are collected through the image collecting mechanism and transmitted to a machine vision algorithm to obtain category information and position information of the walnuts, and then the sorting mechanism is controlled to sort the outer quality of the walnuts; mechanical equipment is matched with a visual technology to sort the external quality of walnuts, so that the walnuts can be prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the mechanical equipment is independently used for sorting, and black spots and damaged walnuts which cannot be detected by the mechanical equipment can be detected. The damage rate is reduced; meanwhile, the sorting efficiency of the external quality of the walnuts can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a walnut external quality sorting device, belonging to the technical field of agricultural product sorting devices. Background Art

[0002] During the growth and primary processing of walnuts, some walnuts will have appearance defects (black spots, damage), which will affect the value of the walnuts. Manual selection is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the sorting process is easily affected by human subjective factors, which affects the sorting accuracy. At present, most walnut grading equipment on the market, such as screens and roller graders, can only sort walnuts by shape and size, and machines for grading the external quality of walnuts can only divide walnuts into normal walnuts (normal) and abnormal walnuts (black spots, damage). Black spots and damaged walnuts cannot be further sorted. Machines that can grade the three types of walnuts can often only perform single-row sorting. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a device that can realize multi-column simultaneous sorting of three types of walnuts (normal, black-spotted, and damaged). The device has a simple structure and can ensure the appearance quality of the walnuts while performing efficient sorting.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The walnut external quality sorting device is characterized in that: the walnut external quality sorting device includes a feeding mechanism, an image acquisition mechanism, a roller conveying mechanism, and a sorting mechanism. The feeding mechanism is arranged above one end of the roller conveying mechanism. The feeding mechanism divides the poured walnuts into three columns and enters the roller conveying mechanism. An image acquisition mechanism is installed on the roller conveying mechanism. When the walnuts enter the area where the image acquisition mechanism is located, the image acquisition mechanism will capture the image of the walnuts. The image acquisition mechanism transmits the image information to the visual algorithm for processing, and controls the sorting mechanism after obtaining the position information and category information of the walnuts to realize the sorting of the walnuts.

[0006] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a hopper, an inverted V-shaped material distribution slope, a feeding slope baffle, and a feeding slope. The two material distribution slopes are welded in the hopper, and the feeding slope is installed in the hopper and located at the lower side of the discharge port. A plurality of feeding slope baffles are arranged in parallel on the feeding slope.

[0007] Preferably, the image acquisition mechanism includes an image acquisition box, an industrial camera, and a light source light bar. An industrial camera is installed at the center of the upper side of the image acquisition box, and four light source light bars are evenly distributed on the four inner surfaces of the image acquisition box.

[0008] Preferably, the roller transport mechanism includes a frame, a hollow pin conveying chain, a cylindrical load-bearing roller, a channel baffle, a motor, and a friction plate. The frame is provided with a motor to drive the hollow pin conveying chain, and cylindrical load-bearing rollers are installed at equal pitches between two hollow pin conveying chains symmetrically installed on the frame, and a plurality of channel baffles welded to the frame are installed parallel to the cylindrical load-bearing rollers.

[0009] Preferably, the shaft diameters at both ends of the cylindrical load-bearing roller are slightly smaller than the hole diameter of the hollow pin conveying chain, and both ends thereof pass through the through holes of the hollow pin conveying chain and are installed between the two hollow pin conveying chains. The cylindrical load-bearing roller is axially fixed by elastic retaining rings Ⅰ at both ends, and the elastic retaining ring Ⅰ is close to the outside of the hollow pin conveying chain. Two friction wheels are axially symmetrically arranged on the cylindrical load-bearing roller, and the friction wheels are radially fixed by key Ⅰ. The sleeve is close to the inside of the hollow pin conveying chain and axially fixes the friction wheels. The two friction plates are symmetrically arranged on the frame and are located below the image acquisition mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the sorting mechanism includes a stepper motor, a sorting ramp baffle, a sorting ramp I, a sorting ramp II, a screw I, an elastic retaining ring II, a key II, a pulley, a bearing seat, a deep groove ball bearing, a sorting turntable, a sorting device frame end cover, a key III, a driven shaft, a screw II, and a sorting device frame. The stepper motor is fixed on the frame, and the stepper motor drives the driven shaft to rotate through a belt drive. The sorting ramp I and the sorting ramp II are fastened to the frame by screw I.

[0011] Preferably, a pulley is radially fixed on the driven shaft through key II, a sorting turntable is radially fixed through key III, the sorting device frame is fastened to the frame through screws I, and three screws II arranged on the circumference of the end cover of the sorting device frame fix it to the sorting device frame. Two deep groove ball bearings are symmetrically installed at both ends of the sorting turntable, and the deep groove ball bearings are axially fixed by bearing seats, and the bearing seats are fastened to the frame through screws I.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0013] The utility model divides walnuts into three columns through a feeding mechanism, and the walnuts on the roller transport mechanism will enter the interval between two adjacent rollers. When the rollers are driven by the hollow pin conveying chain to transport the walnuts to the bottom of the image acquisition mechanism, the friction wheels on both sides of the rollers and the friction plates below the rollers rub against each other to drive the rollers to rotate, and the rollers then rub against the walnuts to drive the walnuts to rotate. The image acquisition mechanism can collect comprehensive surface information of the walnuts, and after processing by a visual algorithm, the stepper motor is controlled to drive the sorting turntable in the sorting mechanism to rotate a corresponding angle, so as to sort the walnuts entering the sorting mechanism, thereby realizing the simultaneous sorting of three external qualities of the walnuts in the three columns, and improving the sorting efficiency and accuracy. The non-destructive detection of the appearance quality of the walnuts using the visual algorithm can avoid the damage to the walnuts caused by mechanical equipment, and has no damage to the walnut sorting, and can also detect black spots and damaged walnuts that cannot be detected by mechanical equipment. Compared with other mechanical equipment detecting walnuts, the detection stage is non-destructive, and the damage rate of the overall screening is greatly reduced compared with the walnut detection, while ensuring the efficient grading and screening of the walnuts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the whole machine of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the feeding mechanism of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the image acquisition mechanism of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the roller conveying mechanism of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the cylindrical roller of the utility model and key parts thereon.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sorting mechanism of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the driven shaft of the utility model and its key parts.

[0021] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the sorting mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of symbols in the figure: 101, hopper; 102, inverted V-shaped material distribution slope; 103, feeding slope baffle; 104, feeding slope; 201, light bar; 202, industrial camera; 203, image acquisition box; 301, hollow pin conveyor chain; 302, cylindrical load-bearing roller; 303, channel baffle; 304, motor; 305, friction plate; 306, frame; 307, elastic retaining ring I; 308, sleeve; 309, friction wheel; 310, cylindrical load-bearing roller; 401, stepping motor; 40 2. Sorting ramp baffle; 403. Sorting ramp I; 404. Sorting ramp II; 405. Normal walnut collection box; 406. Black spot walnut collection box; 407. Screw I; 408. Broken walnut collection box; 409. Elastic retaining ring II; 410. Key II; 411. Pulley; 412. Bearing seat; 413. Deep groove ball bearing; 414. Sorting turntable; 415 Sorting device frame end cover; 416. Key III; 417. Driven shaft; 418. Screw II; 419. Sorting device frame; 420. Square hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the utility model clearer, the preferred embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to facilitate the understanding of technicians. The working process of the utility model is as follows:

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the walnut external quality sorting device is characterized in that: the walnut external quality sorting device includes a feeding mechanism 1, an image acquisition mechanism 2, a roller conveying mechanism 3, and a sorting mechanism 4. The feeding mechanism 1 is arranged above one end of the roller conveying mechanism 3. The feeding mechanism 1 divides the poured walnuts into three columns and enters the roller conveying mechanism 3. The roller conveying mechanism is bolted with an image acquisition mechanism 2. When the walnuts enter the area where the image acquisition mechanism 2 is located, the image acquisition mechanism 2 will capture the image of the walnuts. The image acquisition mechanism 2 transmits the image information to the control system for processing. After obtaining the position information and category information of the walnuts, the control system controls the sorting mechanism 4 to sort the walnuts.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, two inverted V-shaped dividing slopes 102 are welded inside the hopper 101 to divide the walnuts poured into the hopper into three columns. A feeding slope 104 is installed on the lower side of the discharge port of the hopper 101. Six feeding slope baffles 103 are arranged on the feeding slope to separate the three columns of walnuts. Every two feeding slope baffles 103 form a channel, which corresponds to the three columns of walnuts falling from the hopper 101 one by one, and a total of three channels are formed to separate the three columns of walnuts divided by the feeding slope 104 into the subsequent roller conveying mechanism 3.

[0026] like Figure 4As shown, the image acquisition box 203 is fixed to the roller conveyor mechanism 3 by bolts Ⅰ407, the industrial camera 202 is installed at the upper center of the image acquisition box 203 and collects image information of the walnuts entering the image acquisition area, and the four light source light strips 201 are arranged on the four inner surfaces of the image acquisition box 203.

[0027] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the two hollow pin conveying chains 301 are symmetrically installed on the frame 306, and cylindrical load-bearing rollers 302 are installed at equal pitches between the two hollow pin conveying chains 301. A certain gap for bearing walnuts will be formed between two adjacent cylindrical load-bearing rollers 302. The shaft diameters at both ends of the cylindrical load-bearing rollers 302 are slightly smaller than the hole diameters of the hollow pin conveying chains 301, so that the cylindrical load-bearing rollers 302 can rotate in the holes of the hollow pin conveying chains 301. Both ends of the roller 302 pass through the through hole of the hollow pin conveying chain 301, and are axially fixed by elastic retaining rings Ⅰ307 symmetrically installed at both ends. Two friction wheels 309 are symmetrically arranged on the load-bearing roller. The friction wheels 309 are radially fixed by key Ⅰ310 and axially fixed by sleeve 307. The motor 304 transmits power to the two hollow pin conveying chains 301. The movement of the hollow pin conveying chain 301 drives the cylindrical load-bearing roller 302 therebetween to move. The two friction plates 305 are symmetrically arranged below the cylindrical supporting roller 302 in the middle of the frame 306, and their length is equal to the length of the image acquisition box 302, and their width is equal to the width of the friction wheel 309. When the cylindrical supporting roller 302 moves to the top of the long friction plate 305, the friction wheels 309 on both sides of the cylindrical supporting roller 302 rub against each other with the friction plate 305 below. The friction wheel 309 drives the cylindrical supporting roller 302 to roll while rolling. The walnuts between two adjacent cylindrical supporting rollers 302 rub against each other and are then driven to rotate under the image acquisition mechanism 2 to realize the acquisition of the comprehensive image of the walnuts. Six channel baffles 303 welded to the frame 306 are installed in parallel above the cylindrical supporting roller 302. Every two channel baffles 303 constitute a channel, which corresponds one to one to the three columns of walnuts falling from the feeding mechanism 1, and a total of three channels are formed for the three columns of walnuts falling from the feeding mechanism 1 into the roller conveying mechanism 3.

[0028] like Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, a pulley 411 is radially fixed on the driven shaft 417 through a key II 410, and a sorting turntable 414 is radially fixed through a key III 416. The sorting device frame 419 is fastened to the frame 306 through two screws I 407, and three screws II 418 arranged on the circumference of the sorting device frame end cover 415 fix it to the sorting device frame 419. Two deep groove ball bearings 413 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the sorting turntable 414, and the deep groove ball bearings 413 are axially fixed by a bearing seat 412. Three stepping motors 401 are arranged in parallel on the frame 306, wherein the stepping motors 401 at the left and right ends are symmetrically arranged, and the stepping motors 401 in the middle and the left end are arranged in the same direction, and the bearing seat 41 The walnuts are fastened to the frame 306 by screws I 407. Six sorting slope baffles 402 are arranged in parallel on the sorting slope I 403. Every two sorting slope baffles 402 form a channel, corresponding to the three columns of walnuts falling from the end of the roller conveyor mechanism 2. A total of three channels are formed to separate the gaps between the adjacent cylindrical bearing rollers 302 at the end of the roller conveyor mechanism 2 to drop the three columns of walnuts, so that the three columns of walnuts slide into the sorting slope I 403 respectively and smoothly fall into the three parallel installed sorting turntables 414. The control system (the control system is omitted in the figure) controls the stepping motor 401 to drive the sorting turntable 414 on the driven shaft 417 to rotate the corresponding direction and angle according to the position information and category information of the walnuts.

[0029] like Figure 6 As shown in FIG8(a), the sorting turntable 414 is evenly distributed with three square holes 420, and the square holes 420 can accommodate walnuts. The angle between two adjacent square holes 420 is 120°. When the walnut slides from the sorting slope Ⅰ403 into the square hole 420 of the sorting turntable, the control system controls the stepper motor 401 to drive the sorting turntable 414 to rotate according to the type of the walnut. If the walnut is a damaged walnut, the stepper motor 401 drives the sorting turntable 414 to rotate 120° counterclockwise through the pulley 411. After the rotation is completed, the walnut will slide from the square hole 420 into the damaged walnut collection box 407 arranged at the lower left of the sorting mechanism 4. After the sorting is completed, the sorting turntable is still in the state shown in Figure 8 (a). If the walnut is a black-spotted walnut, the stepper motor 401 drives the sorting turntable 414 to rotate 120° clockwise through the pulley 411. After the rotation is completed, the walnut will slide from the square hole into the black-spotted walnut collection box 406 arranged just below the sorting mechanism 4. After the sorting is completed, the sorting turntable is still in the state shown in Figure 8 (a). Figure 6As shown in Figures 8(a) and 8(b), if the walnut is a normal walnut, the stepper motor 401 drives the sorting turntable 414 to rotate counterclockwise by 30° through the pulley 411, and the sorting turntable 414 changes from the state shown in Figure 8(a) to the state shown in Figure 8(b). The walnuts sliding in from the sorting slope I 403 will continue to slide on the surface of the sorting turntable 414 with a certain slope, and finally slide into the surface normal walnut collection box 405 through the sorting slope II 404. After the normal walnut leaves the sorting turntable 414, the stepper motor 401 drives the sorting turntable 414 to rotate clockwise by 30° through the pulley 411, and changes from the state shown in Figure 8(b) to the state shown in Figure 8(a), and the next walnut is sorted.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A walnut external quality sorting device, characterized by: The walnut external quality sorting device comprises a feeding mechanism (1), an image acquisition mechanism (2), a roller conveying mechanism (3), and a sorting mechanism (4). The feeding mechanism is arranged above one end of the roller conveying mechanism. The feeding mechanism divides the poured walnuts into three columns and enters the roller conveying mechanism. The roller conveying mechanism is equipped with an image acquisition mechanism. When the walnuts enter the area where the image acquisition mechanism is located, the image acquisition mechanism will acquire an image of the walnut. When the walnuts pass through the image acquisition mechanism, the image of the walnuts is acquired and transmitted to the machine vision algorithm to obtain the category information and position information of the walnuts, and then the sorting mechanism is controlled to sort the external quality of the walnuts 213.

2. The walnut external quality sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism comprises a hopper (101), an inverted V-shaped material distribution slope (102), a feeding slope baffle (103), and a feeding slope (104); the two inverted V-shaped material distribution slopes (102) are welded in the hopper (101); the feeding slope (104) is installed in the hopper (101) and is located at the lower side of the discharge port; six feeding slope baffles (103) are arranged in parallel on the feeding slope (104).

3. The walnut external quality sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The image acquisition mechanism comprises an image acquisition box (203), an industrial camera (202), and a light source light bar (201); an industrial camera (202) is installed at the center of the upper side of the image acquisition box (203); and four light source light bars (201) are evenly distributed on four inner surfaces of the image acquisition box (203).

4. The walnut external quality sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The roller transport mechanism comprises a frame (306), a hollow pin conveying chain (301), a cylindrical load-bearing roller (302), a channel baffle (303), a motor (304), and a friction plate (305); the frame (306) is provided with a motor (304) to drive the hollow pin conveying chain (301); cylindrical load-bearing rollers (302) are installed at equal pitches between two hollow pin conveying chains (301) symmetrically installed on the frame (306); and six channel baffles (303) welded to the frame (306) are installed in parallel above the cylindrical load-bearing rollers (302).

5. The walnut external quality sorting device according to claim 4, characterized in that The shaft diameters of both ends of the cylindrical load-bearing roller (302) are slightly smaller than the hole diameter of the hollow pin conveying chain (301), and both ends thereof pass through the through holes of the hollow pin conveying chain (301) and are installed between the two hollow pin conveying chains (301). The cylindrical load-bearing roller (302) is axially fixed by elastic retaining rings I (307) at both ends, and the elastic retaining ring I (307) is closely attached to the outer side of the hollow pin conveying chain (301). Two friction wheels (309) are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction on the cylindrical load-bearing roller (302), and the friction wheels (309) are radially fixed by key I (310). The sleeve (308) is attached to the inner side of the hollow pin conveying chain (301) and axially fixes the friction wheels (309). The two friction plates (305) are symmetrically arranged on the frame (306) and are located below the image acquisition mechanism (2).

6. The walnut external quality sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sorting mechanism comprises a stepping motor (401), a sorting ramp baffle (402), a sorting ramp I (403), a sorting ramp II (404), a screw I (407), an elastic retaining ring II (409), a key II (410), a pulley (411), a bearing seat (412), a deep groove ball bearing (413), a sorting turntable (414), a sorting device frame end cover (415), a key III (416), a driven shaft (417), a screw II (418), and a sorting device frame (419); the stepping motor (401) is fixed on the frame (306); the stepping motor (401) drives the driven shaft (417) to rotate through a belt transmission; the sorting ramp I (403) and the sorting ramp II (404) are fastened to the frame (306) through screw I (407).

7. The walnut external quality sorting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pulley (411) is radially fixed on the driven shaft (417) via a key II (410), and a sorting turntable (414) is radially fixed via a key III (416). A sorting device frame (419) is fastened to the frame (306) via two screws I (407). Three screws II (418) arranged on the circumference of the sorting device frame end cover (415) fix it to the sorting device frame (419). Two deep groove ball bearings (413) are symmetrically installed at both ends of the sorting turntable (414). The deep groove ball bearings (413) are axially fixed by a bearing seat (412), and the bearing seat (412) is fastened to the frame (306) via screws I (407).

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