Fuel cell gas treatment system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell gas treatment system which comprises an air compressor, a humidifier, an electric pile, a steam-water separation assembly and an expansion machine, the humidifier is provided with a humidifying channel and a moisturizing channel, the electric pile is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the steam-water separation assembly comprises a main body and a first steam-water separator. The main body is provided with a first cavity, a first water storage part is arranged at the lower part of the first cavity, and the first steam-water separator is arranged in the first cavity and is positioned above the first water storage part; the air compressor, the humidifying channel and the air inlet are sequentially communicated, the air outlet is sequentially communicated with the humidifying channel, the first steam-water separator and the expansion machine, the first water storage part is communicated with the air inlet end of the humidifying channel, and a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline through which the first water storage part is communicated with the air inlet end of the humidifying channel. The fuel cell gas treatment system provided by the utility model can be used for recycling water vapor generated after a reaction and can be used for treating excessive liquid water after the reaction in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell gas processing system. Background Art

[0002] The fuel cell system converts chemical energy into electrical energy through the reaction of hydrogen at the anode and oxygen at the cathode, which generates water as a product. The right amount of water vapor can promote the reaction efficiency.

[0003] In the prior art, oxygen entering the fuel cell stack is generally humidified by a humidifier to promote reaction efficiency. However, in order to maintain the humidity stability of the humidifier, the humidifier is generally connected to a stable external water source, and the water generated by the reaction is not fully utilized. In addition, the excess liquid water after the reaction needs to be handled in a timely manner. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a fuel cell gas processing system which can timely reuse the water vapor generated after the reaction and can timely process the excess liquid water after the reaction.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a fuel cell gas processing system, including an air compressor, a humidifier, a fuel cell stack, a steam-water separation component and an expander, the humidifier has a humidification channel and a moistening channel, the moistening channel is used to replenish water vapor to the humidification channel, the fuel cell stack has an air inlet and an air outlet, the steam-water separation component includes a main body and a first steam-water separator, the main body has a first cavity, the lower part of the first cavity is provided with a first water storage part, the first steam-water separator is installed in the first cavity and is located above the first water storage part;

[0006] The air compressor, the humidification channel of the humidifier and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack are connected in sequence, the air outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected in sequence with the moisturizing channel of the humidifier, the first steam-water separator and the expander, the first water storage part is connected with the air inlet end of the moisturizing channel of the fuel cell stack, and a first solenoid valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the first water storage part and the air inlet end of the moisturizing channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the steam-water separation assembly also includes a second steam-water separator, the main body also has a second cavity, the second steam-water separator is installed in the second cavity, the fuel cell stack also has a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, and the hydrogen outlet, the second steam-water separator and the hydrogen inlet are connected in sequence.

[0008] Furthermore, a second water storage portion is provided at the lower portion of the second cavity, the second steam-water separator is installed in the second cavity and is located above the second water storage portion, the second water storage portion is connected to the air outlet end of the expander, and a second solenoid valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the second water storage portion and the air outlet end of the expander.

[0009] Furthermore, a liquid level sensor is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the second water storage part.

[0010] Furthermore, the first water storage part and the second water storage part are connected, and a third solenoid valve is provided at the connection point between the first water storage part and the second water storage part.

[0011] Furthermore, the main body includes a partition, which is arranged inside the main body and is used to separate the first cavity and the second cavity. The first cavity and the second cavity are arranged side by side. An opening is provided on the partition for connecting the first water storage part and the second water storage part. The third solenoid valve is arranged at the opening.

[0012] Furthermore, the fuel cell gas processing system further includes a control component, and the control component is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve.

[0013] Furthermore, a hydrogen concentration sensor is provided in the first cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, a drainage channel is provided at the air outlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, a fuel cell gas processing system according to an embodiment of the utility model has the following beneficial effects: an air compressor, a humidification channel of a humidifier and an air inlet of a fuel cell stack are connected in sequence, the air outlet of the fuel cell stack, the moistening channel of the humidifier, a first water vapor separator and an expander are connected in sequence, the first water storage part is connected to the air inlet end of the moistening channel of the fuel cell stack, and a first solenoid valve is provided on a pipeline connected between the first water storage part and the air inlet end of the moistening channel, the air is humidified through the humidification channel of the humidifier and then enters the fuel cell stack to improve the reaction efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen, water is generated after the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen and flows together with the air after the reaction to the moistening channel of the humidifier to replenish the humidification channel with water vapor, and the water generated by the reaction is recycled; when the water generated by the reaction is not enough to replenish the humidifier with water vapor, the first solenoid valve is opened to allow the water in the first water storage part to flow to the moistening channel of the humidifier to replenish the humidification channel, thereby ensuring the reaction efficiency inside the fuel cell stack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan view of a fuel cell gas processing system according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic plan view of the structure of a gas-water separation component of a fuel cell gas processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure, 1. air compressor;

[0019] 2. Humidifier; 201. Humidification channel; 202. Humidification channel;

[0020] 3. Battery stack; 301. Air inlet; 302. Air outlet; 303. Hydrogen inlet; 304. Hydrogen outlet;

[0021] 4. Steam-water separation assembly; 401. main body; 4011. first cavity; 40111. first water storage portion; 4012. second cavity; 40121. second water storage portion; 402. first steam-water separator; 403. second steam-water separator; 404. partition;

[0022] 5. Expander;

[0023] 6. The first solenoid valve;

[0024] 7. Second solenoid valve;

[0025] 8. Liquid level sensor;

[0026] 9. The third solenoid valve;

[0027] 10. Hydrogen concentration sensor;

[0028] 11. Drainage channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "inner", "outer", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like used to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In the description of the present utility model, the terms "provided with", "set", "connected", and "placed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are mainly used to distinguish different devices, elements or components (the specific types and structures may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance and quantity of the indicated devices, elements or components. Unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0033] The technical solution of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a fuel cell gas processing system according to an embodiment of the utility model includes an air compressor 1, a humidifier 2, a fuel cell stack 3, a steam-water separation assembly 4 and an expander 5, the humidifier 2 has a humidification channel 201 and a moistening channel 202, the moistening channel 202 is used to replenish water vapor to the humidification channel 201, the fuel cell stack 3 has an air inlet 301 and an air outlet 302, the steam-water separation assembly 4 includes a main body 401 and a first steam-water separator 402, the main body 401 has a first cavity 4011, the lower part of the first cavity 4011 is provided with a first water storage part 40111, the first steam-water separator 402 is installed in the first cavity 4011 and is located above the first water storage part 40111;

[0035] The air compressor 1, the humidification channel 201 of the humidifier 2 and the air inlet 301 of the fuel cell stack 3 are connected in sequence, the air outlet 302 of the fuel cell stack 3 is connected in sequence with the moisturizing channel 202 of the humidifier 2, the first steam-water separator 402 and the expander 5, the first water storage part 40111 is connected with the air inlet end of the moisturizing channel 202 of the fuel cell stack 3, and the first solenoid valve 6 is provided on the pipeline connecting the first water storage part 40111 and the air inlet end of the moisturizing channel 202.

[0036] Based on the above technical features, air flows in from the air inlet of the air compressor 1, is compressed by the air compressor, and then flows into the humidification channel 201 of the humidifier 2 for humidification. The humidified compressed air flows to the fuel cell stack 3 to increase the reaction efficiency of oxygen and hydrogen. The water generated after the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen flows to the moistening channel 202 of the humidifier 2 together with the air after the reaction, and the humidification channel 201 is replenished with water vapor, and the water generated by the reaction is recycled; when the water generated by the reaction is not enough to replenish the humidifier 2 with water vapor, the first solenoid valve 6 is opened to allow the water in the first water storage part 40111 to flow to the moistening channel 202 of the humidifier 2 to moisten the humidification channel 201, thereby ensuring the reaction efficiency inside the fuel cell stack 3 and preventing the fuel cell stack 3 from running at low power or even idling, which may easily cause damage to the fuel cell stack 3.

[0037] Preferably, the steam-water separator assembly 4 further includes a second steam-water separator 403, the main body 401 further includes a second cavity 4012, the second steam-water separator 403 is installed in the second cavity 4012, the fuel cell stack 3 further includes a hydrogen inlet 303 and a hydrogen outlet 304, and the hydrogen outlet 304, the second steam-water separator 403 and the hydrogen inlet 303 are sequentially connected. The unreacted hydrogen in the fuel cell stack 3 flows out from the hydrogen outlet 304, flows into the second steam-water separator 403 for drying, and then flows back to the hydrogen inlet 303 to prepare for the reaction with oxygen, so as to ensure that the hydrogen can react completely, so as to prevent the hydrogen from leaking out of the fuel cell gas processing system and causing safety problems.

[0038] More preferably, a second water storage part 40121 is provided at the lower part of the second cavity 4012, the second steam-water separator 403 is installed in the second cavity 4012 and is located above the second water storage part 40121, the second water storage part 40121 is connected to the gas outlet end of the expander 5, and a second electromagnetic valve 7 is provided on the pipeline connecting the second water storage part 40121 and the gas outlet end of the expander 5. The second water storage part 40121 is provided to store the water vapor brought out by the unreacted hydrogen, the second water storage part 40121 is connected to the gas outlet end of the expander 5, and the water in the second water storage part 40121 seals the hydrogen in the second cavity 4012 to prevent the hydrogen from escaping to the external air to avoid safety problems; the second electromagnetic valve 7 is provided to discharge the water in the second water storage part 40121 in time.

[0039] More preferably, a liquid level sensor 8 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the second water storage part 40121. The liquid level sensor 8 is electrically connected to the second electromagnetic valve 7, and the liquid level sensor 8 sets the maximum water level and the minimum water level in the second water storage part 40121. When the water in the second water storage part 40121 reaches the maximum water level, the second electromagnetic valve 7 opens to discharge the water from the second water storage part 40121 until the water in the second water storage part 40121 reaches the minimum water level and stops discharging.

[0040] More preferably, the first water storage part 40111 and the second water storage part 40121 are connected, and a third electromagnetic valve 9 is provided at the connection point between the first water storage part 40111 and the second water storage part 40121. The first water storage part 40111 is connected with the second water storage part 40121 to facilitate drainage operation, and the third electromagnetic valve 9 is provided to block the first water storage part 40111 and the second water storage part 40121 to prevent hydrogen from escaping into the first cavity 4011 and being discharged into the external air when excessive drainage is performed, causing safety problems.

[0041] More preferably, the main body 401 includes a partition 404, which is arranged inside the main body 401 and is used to separate the first cavity 4011 and the second cavity 4012. The first cavity 4011 and the second cavity 4012 are arranged side by side, and an opening is provided on the partition 404 for connecting the first water storage part 40111 and the second water storage part 40121. The third solenoid valve 9 is arranged at the opening. The first cavity 4011 and the second cavity 4012 are arranged side by side to increase the integration of the main body 401, reduce the occupied space of the entire steam-water separation component 4, thereby reducing the volume of the entire fuel cell processing system and making the structure more compact.

[0042] More preferably, the fuel cell gas processing system further includes a control component, which is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor 8 , the first solenoid valve 6 , the second solenoid valve 7 and the third solenoid valve 9 .

[0043] Preferably, a hydrogen concentration sensor 10 is provided in the first cavity 4011. The hydrogen concentration sensor 10 is used to detect whether hydrogen escapes from the second cavity 4012 to the first cavity 4011, so as to ensure the safety of the fuel cell gas processing system.

[0044] Preferably, a drainage channel 11 is provided at the air outlet 302 of the stack 3. The drainage channel 11 is provided to prevent the water generated after the reaction and the water vapor after humidification from entering the first water vapor separator, thereby causing excessive water volume and untimely drainage, which may easily cause the water vapor separator in the first cavity 4011 to be flooded.

[0045] In summary, the embodiment of the utility model provides a fuel cell gas processing system, wherein air flows in from the air inlet of the air compressor 1, is compressed by the air compressor, and then flows into the humidification channel 201 of the humidifier 2 for humidification. The humidified compressed air flows to the fuel cell stack 3 to increase the reaction efficiency of oxygen and hydrogen. The water generated after the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen flows together with the air after the reaction to the moisturizing channel 202 of the humidifier 2 to replenish the humidification channel 201 with water vapor, and the water generated by the reaction is recycled. When the water generated by the reaction is not enough to replenish the water vapor of the humidifier 2, the first solenoid valve is opened. 6. The water in the first water storage part 40111 flows to the moistening channel 202 of the humidifier 2 to moisten the humidifying channel 201, thereby ensuring the reaction efficiency inside the fuel cell 3 and preventing the fuel cell 3 from running at low power or even idling, which may easily cause damage to the fuel cell 3. The unreacted hydrogen flows out from the hydrogen outlet 304, flows into the second steam-water separator 403 for drying, and then flows back to the fuel cell 3 from the hydrogen inlet 303, so that the hydrogen reacts fully. The reaction of the hydrogen after drying is beneficial to controlling the humidity in the fuel cell 3, ensuring the reaction efficiency, and preventing the fuel cell 3 from having too much water vapor affecting the reaction efficiency.

[0046] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell gas processing system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air compressor (1), a humidifier (2), a fuel cell stack (3), a steam-water separation assembly (4) and an expander (5), wherein the humidifier (2) has a humidification channel (201) and a moistening channel (202), wherein the moistening channel (202) is used to replenish water vapor to the humidification channel (201), the fuel cell stack (3) has an air inlet (301) and an air outlet (302), the steam-water separation assembly (4) comprises a main body (401) and a first steam-water separator (402), the main body (401) has a first cavity (4011), a first water storage portion (40111) is provided at the lower part of the first cavity (4011), and the first steam-water separator (402) is installed in the first cavity (4011) and is located above the first water storage portion (40111); The air compressor (1), the humidification channel (201) of the humidifier (2) and the air inlet (301) of the fuel cell stack (3) are connected in sequence; the air outlet (302) of the fuel cell stack (3) is connected in sequence with the moisturizing channel (202) of the humidifier (2), the first steam-water separator (402) and the expander (5); the first water storage part (40111) is connected with the air inlet end of the moisturizing channel (202) of the fuel cell stack (3); and a first solenoid valve (6) is provided on the pipeline connecting the first water storage part (40111) and the air inlet end of the moisturizing channel (202).

2. The fuel cell gas processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam-water separation component (4) further comprises a second steam-water separator (403), the main body (401) further comprises a second cavity (4012), the second steam-water separator (403) is installed in the second cavity (4012), the fuel cell stack (3) further comprises a hydrogen inlet (303) and a hydrogen outlet (304), and the hydrogen outlet (304), the second steam-water separator (403) and the hydrogen inlet (303) are sequentially connected.

3. The fuel cell gas processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second water storage portion (40121) is provided at the lower portion of the second cavity (4012); the second steam-water separator (403) is installed in the second cavity (4012) and is located above the second water storage portion (40121); the second water storage portion (40121) is connected to the gas outlet end of the expander (5); and a second solenoid valve (7) is provided on the pipeline connecting the second water storage portion (40121) and the gas outlet end of the expander (5).

4. The fuel cell gas processing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A liquid level sensor (8) is provided on the inner wall of the second water storage portion (40121).

5. The fuel cell gas processing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first water storage part (40111) and the second water storage part (40121) are connected, and a third solenoid valve (9) is provided at the connection point between the first water storage part (40111) and the second water storage part (40121).

6. The fuel cell gas processing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main body (401) includes a partition (404), and the partition (404) is arranged inside the main body (401) to separate the first cavity (4011) and the second cavity (4012). The first cavity (4011) and the second cavity (4012) are arranged side by side. The partition (404) is provided with an opening for connecting the first water storage part (40111) and the second water storage part (40121). The third solenoid valve (9) is arranged at the opening.

7. The fuel cell gas processing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a control component, which is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor (8), the first solenoid valve (6), the second solenoid valve (7) and the third solenoid valve (9).

8. The fuel cell gas processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrogen concentration sensor (10) is provided in the first cavity (4011).

9. The fuel cell gas processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage channel (11) is provided at the air outlet (302) of the fuel cell stack (3).

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