Geological surveying and mapping ruler

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of geological surveying and mapping, and particularly relates to a geological surveying and mapping ruler which comprises a main ruler, the main ruler comprises a main ruler body, an auxiliary ruler is independently arranged in the main ruler body, the left end of the auxiliary ruler is connected with a sliding block, a first groove is formed in the sliding block, and a locking piece is installed in the first groove. A first bearing is mounted on the front side wall of the sliding block; second bearings are installed on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the sliding block. The first bearing and the second bearing are arranged in a staggered mode. The first bearing and the second bearing are installed on the inner side wall of the main ruler through the sliding block, the first bearing and the second bearing roll left and right along the inner wall of the main ruler respectively, and then the auxiliary ruler is driven to stretch out and draw back left and right to complete measurement, so that friction between the auxiliary ruler and the main ruler is avoided when the auxiliary ruler stretches out and draws back; the rolling friction of the first bearing and the second bearing is less than the friction generated by the sliding friction, so that the auxiliary ruler is further protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of geological surveying and mapping, in particular to a geological surveying and mapping ruler. Background Art

[0002] A surveying ruler is a tool used to measure and record geographic spatial features. Its main functions include measuring slopes, distances, and angles. In the process of geographic surveying and mapping, a surveying ruler is an indispensable measuring tool. It is widely used to determine the exact location of terrain features, measure the height of terrain, and ensure the accuracy of map data. For example, when conducting topographic surveying and mapping, surveyors will use a surveying ruler to measure the ups and downs of the ground to ensure that the terrain data can accurately reflect the actual landforms. At the same time, surveying rulers are also used to measure the height of specific landmarks to ensure that the height information on the map is consistent with the actual terrain. In addition, surveying rulers also help surveying and mapping teams check whether the drawing of topographic maps meets the measurement standards to ensure the quality of surveying and mapping.

[0003] In geological surveying, sometimes a longer surveying ruler is needed to meet the surveying needs in specific terrain conditions. The length of this surveying ruler ranges from 1 meter to 5 meters, and is usually composed of two or three sections connected together. In actual use, after a long period of use, the secondary ruler expands and contracts and rubs inside the main ruler, which not only easily wears out the scale of the surveying ruler and shortens its service life, but the worn scale may also cause unreliable data records, affecting data analysis and decision-making. In addition, the socket part of the surveying ruler may become loose due to deformation caused by wear, resulting in looseness during measurement, affecting the accuracy of the measurement. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a geological surveying ruler which can avoid friction between the auxiliary ruler and the main ruler when the auxiliary ruler is extended or retracted.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is a geological surveying ruler, comprising a main ruler arranged horizontally, the main ruler comprising a main ruler body, the main ruler body is a hollow structure and has an opening at the right end, a secondary ruler which can move left and right in the main ruler body is independently and horizontally arranged in the main ruler body, and the right end of the secondary ruler is located to the right of the main ruler body after the secondary ruler moves to the right, and the left end of the secondary ruler is connected to a sliding block which can slide left and right in the main ruler body, and a first groove is provided on the sliding block, and a locking member which is locked after the secondary ruler moves left and right is installed in the first groove;

[0006] At least one set of first bearings capable of rotating left and right is installed on the front side wall of the sliding block, and each set of first bearings includes two first bearings distributed up and down, the upper end of the first bearing located on the upper side is located above the sliding block, and the lower end of the first bearing located on the lower side is located below the sliding block;

[0007] At least one set of second bearings capable of rotating left and right is installed on both upper and lower side walls of the sliding block, and each set of second bearings includes two second bearings distributed front and back, the front end of the second bearing located on the front side is located in front of the sliding block, and the rear end of the second bearing located on the rear side is located behind the sliding block;

[0008] The first bearing and the second bearing are staggered with each other.

[0009] The first bearing and the second bearing are staggered and do not interfere with each other. The first bearing and the second bearing are installed on the inner wall of the main ruler through the sliding block, and roll left and right along the inner wall of the main ruler respectively, thereby driving the secondary ruler to extend and retract left and right to complete the measurement, thereby avoiding the friction between the secondary ruler and the main ruler when extending and retracting. The rolling friction of the first bearing and the second bearing is less than the wear caused by sliding friction, which further protects the secondary ruler. The position of the secondary ruler can be locked by the locking piece for easy storage.

[0010] Furthermore, a second groove in an annular structure is provided on the sliding block corresponding to the first bearing, and a third groove inwardly concave is provided on the sliding block at the second groove, and the second groove is located in the third groove;

[0011] A fourth concave groove is provided on the sliding block corresponding to the second bearing, a fifth groove with an annular structure is provided in the fourth groove corresponding to the second bearing, a first fixing cover for limiting the second bearing is installed at the fourth groove, and a second fixing cover for limiting the first bearing is installed at the third groove.

[0012] The first bearing is placed in the second groove and the first bearing is limited by the second fixing cover; the second bearing is placed in the fifth groove and the second bearing is limited by the first fixing cover, so that the installation and maintenance of the first bearing and the second bearing are convenient.

[0013] Furthermore, a first transverse sliding groove and a second transverse sliding groove are provided on the inner walls on the front and rear sides of the main ruler body corresponding to the second bearing, and a third transverse sliding groove is provided on the inner walls on the upper and lower sides of the main ruler body corresponding to the first bearing.

[0014] The first bearing and the second bearing slide left and right in the corresponding slide groove, and the secondary ruler is more stable during the extension and retraction process.

[0015] Furthermore, the locking piece is a buckle, and a first fixing opening corresponding to the buckle is opened at the left end of the main ruler body for locking the auxiliary ruler after moving to the left, and a second fixing opening is opened at the right end for locking the auxiliary ruler after moving to the right.

[0016] The buckle is a known technology, which mainly includes a button, a spring and a shell. When the spring is in a compressed state, the button retracts into the main ruler body, and the secondary ruler can move left and right. When it moves to the first fixed port or the second fixed port, due to the elastic force of the spring, the button extends to lock the secondary ruler.

[0017] Furthermore, the secondary ruler is a hollow structure that is connected on the left and right sides. The right end of the secondary ruler is equipped with a second protective cover that is covered after being retracted into the main ruler body, and the left end is fixed with a connecting block for connecting with the sliding block.

[0018] The hollow structure of the secondary ruler is lighter and easier to carry.

[0019] Furthermore, a first protective cover is fixed to the right end of the main ruler body, and the first protective cover includes a baffle, which is provided with a through hole through which the secondary ruler can pass independently and is connected to the left and right, and a support ring is fixed on the left side surface of the baffle to prevent the sliding block from sliding out of the right end of the main ruler body.

[0020] The first protective cover can not only limit the position of the secondary ruler, but also facilitate cooperation with the second protective cover at the right end of the secondary ruler.

[0021] Furthermore, fixed blocks are respectively fixed on the support ring corresponding to the first sliding groove, the second sliding groove and the third sliding groove.

[0022] The fixed block extends into the corresponding slide groove to further limit the bearing in the slide groove.

[0023] Furthermore, the first bearings are in two groups.

[0024] The two sets of first bearings on the front side wall make the secondary ruler more stable during left and right movement and measurement.

[0025] Furthermore, the second bearings include one set at the top and one set at the bottom.

[0026] The upper and lower side walls of the sliding block are each provided with a group of second bearings, and each group has two second bearings, which have good stability and are not easy to break.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The first bearing and the second bearing are installed on the inner wall of the main scale through the sliding block, and they roll left and right along the inner wall of the main scale respectively, thereby driving the secondary scale to extend and retract left and right to complete the measurement, thereby avoiding friction between the secondary scale and the main scale during extension and retraction. The rolling friction of the first bearing and the second bearing is less than the wear caused by sliding friction, thereby further protecting the secondary scale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram after sectioning along line AA;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1The left side structural diagram of the first protective cover after enlargement;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle main scale;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle sliding block, the first bearing and the second bearing;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from above;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model after partial section;

[0036] Figure 8 It is another three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model after partial section;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the utility model.

[0038] In the figure: 1. sliding block; 2. main ruler; 2.1. main ruler body; 2.2. first slide groove; 2.3. second slide groove; 2.4. third slide groove; 2.5. first fixing port; 2.6. second fixing port; 3. first fixing cover; 4. connecting block; 5. auxiliary ruler; 6. first protective cover; 6.1. baffle; 6.2. support ring; 6.3. fixing block; 6.4. through hole; 7. second protective cover; 8. first bearing; 9. second bearing; 10. first groove; 11. second groove; 12. third groove; 13. fourth groove; 14. fifth groove; 15. second fixing cover; 16. buckle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] This embodiment uses the following materials:

[0041] 1. Prepare a number of materials such as high-strength aluminum alloy that are light in weight, high in strength and have good corrosion resistance, for making the sliding block 1, the main scale 2, the first fixed cover 3, the auxiliary scale 5 and the second fixed cover 15;

[0042] 2. Prepare some materials such as ABS plastic with good mechanical properties and chemical stability for making the first protective cover 6 and the second protective cover 7;

[0043] 3. Prepare eight bearings to be used as the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9;

[0044] 4. Prepare a buckle 16.

[0045] The above materials are assembled as follows:

[0046] The first step is to make:

[0047] Make a sliding block 1;

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the main body of the sliding block 1 is a rectangular block structure; Figure 5 As shown, two rectangular through grooves which are symmetrical up and down and communicate with each other front and back are formed on the upper and lower sides of the sliding block 1 as the fourth groove 13;

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, two annular grooves are provided at the bottom of the fourth groove 13 at the front side, serving as the fifth groove 14. The two fifth grooves 14 are arranged one above the other and symmetrically distributed around the center, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, two fifth grooves 14 are provided in the fourth groove 13 at the rear side of the sliding block 1 and are centrally symmetrical with the fifth groove 14 at the front side;

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown, rectangular grooves that are symmetrical and communicated with each other from top to bottom are opened on the sliding block 1 on the left and right sides of the fourth groove 13 as the third groove 12; Figure 5 In the direction shown, two annular grooves symmetrically arranged in the third groove 12 are respectively formed as the second groove 11;

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, a first groove 10 of a circular structure is provided at the horizontal center of the sliding block 1; Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a connecting block 4 of a rectangular structure is fixed at the right end of the sliding block 1 .

[0052] Make 2 main rulers;

[0053] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the main ruler body 2.1 is a rectangular structure and is hollow inside, with an opening at the right end;

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, vertically symmetrical rectangular slide grooves are provided at the center of the inner walls on the upper and lower sides of the main ruler body 2.1, serving as the third slide groove 2.4;

[0055] The inner walls of both sides of the main ruler body 2.1 are provided with left-right symmetrical first slide grooves 2.2 and second slide grooves 2.3, and the first slide grooves 2.2 and second slide grooves 2.3 are symmetrical up and down. Figure 1 In the direction shown, the first slide groove 2.2, the second slide groove 2.3 and the third slide groove 2.4 are all transverse slide grooves extending from the left end to the right end of the main ruler body 2.1.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, a first fixing opening 2.5 and a second fixing opening 2.6 communicating with each other are provided at the horizontal centers of both ends of the main ruler body 2.1.

[0057] Make a secondary ruler 5;

[0058] like Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the auxiliary ruler 5 is a hollow square tube structure. The auxiliary ruler 5 is smaller than the main ruler 2 and can be independently extended left and right inside the main ruler 2.

[0059] The main ruler 2 and the auxiliary ruler 5 are marked with scales, the bottom of the ruler is the zero point, the ruler surface is alternately marked with black and white grids, each grid is 1 cm or 0.5 cm wide, and there are digital annotations at the meter and decimeter positions; for details, please refer to the existing ruler scales;

[0060] Making a first protective cover 6;

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the first protective cover 6 includes a baffle 6.1 in a rectangular plate structure. Figure 3 As shown, a rectangular and annular support ring 6.2 is fixed on the front, and the outer wall size of the support ring 6.2 refers to the inner wall size of the main ruler 2; a through hole 6.4 penetrating the baffle 6.1 is provided on the baffle 6.1 on the inner side of the support ring 6.2; the size of the through hole 6.4 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the secondary ruler 5, and a fixing block 6.3 is fixed around the outer wall of the support ring 6.2, and the size and position of the fixing block 6.3 match the position and size of the first slide groove 2.2, the second slide groove 2.3 and the third slide groove 2.4, so that the fixing block 6.3 can extend into the interior of the main ruler body 2.1.

[0062] Make two first fixed covers 3;

[0063] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first fixing cover 3 of a rectangular structure is manufactured according to the size of the fourth groove 13 .

[0064] Make two second fixed covers 15;

[0065] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a second fixing cover 15 of a rectangular structure is manufactured according to the size of the third groove 12 .

[0066] Making a second protective cover 7;

[0067] like Figure 1 and Fig. 9 As shown, the second protective cover 7 is composed of a rectangular block and a rectangular boss, and the size of the rectangular boss refers to the inner wall size of the secondary ruler 5.

[0068] Step 2: Assembly:

[0069] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first bearing 8 is installed in the second groove 11, and the second bearing 9 is installed in the fifth groove 14, and the end faces of the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9 are in contact with the inner wall of the main scale 2.

[0070] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the first fixing cover 3 is fixed in the fourth groove 13, the second fixing cover 15 is fixed in the third groove 12, and the buckle 16 is installed in the first groove 10. The buckle 16 is a known technology, mainly including a button, a spring and a housing. When the spring is in a compressed state, the button is retracted into the main ruler body 2.1, and the auxiliary ruler 5 can move left and right;

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, the left end of the auxiliary ruler 5 is mounted on the connecting block 4 and fixed; the sliding block 1 is inserted into the main ruler 2, the first bearing 8 is located at the third slide groove 2.4, and the second bearing 9 is located at the first slide groove 2.2 and the second slide groove 2.3 respectively; the first protective cover 6 is installed at the opening at the right end of the main ruler 2, and the second protective cover 7 is installed at the opening at the right end of the auxiliary ruler 5.

[0072] Instructions for use are as follows:

[0073] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 When not in use, Figure 7 As shown, the secondary ruler 5 is retracted into the main ruler body 2.1, and the buckle 16 cooperates with the first fixing opening 2.5 to lock the position of the secondary ruler 5;

[0074] When in use, the buckle 16 in the first fixing opening 2.5 is pressed, and the secondary ruler 5 is in an unlocked state; the secondary ruler 5 is pulled out, the first bearing 8 slides along the third slide groove 2.4, and the second bearing 9 slides along the first slide groove 2.2 and the second slide groove 2.3 respectively; the sliding block 1 slides toward the opening direction of the main ruler 2, and when the buckle 16 reaches the second fixing opening 2.6, the button of the buckle 16 automatically pops out due to the elastic force of the spring, and the secondary ruler 5 is fixed. Figure 8 The auxiliary ruler 5 is shown in the extended state.

[0075] In the above scheme, when the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9 are respectively slidably matched with the corresponding first slide groove 2.2, the second slide groove 2.3 and the third slide groove 2.4, the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9 can roll, thereby avoiding the contact between the auxiliary ruler 5 and the inner wall of the main ruler 2, thereby avoiding the friction between the auxiliary ruler 5 and the main ruler 2 when the auxiliary ruler 5 is extended or retracted. The rolling friction of the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9 is much less than the wear caused by sliding friction, which can not only make the auxiliary ruler 5 retract and retract more smoothly, but also prevent the auxiliary ruler 5 and the main ruler 2 from deformation, so that the auxiliary ruler 5 and the main ruler 2 are closely matched, and avoid measurement errors caused by looseness.

Claims

1. A geological surveying ruler, comprising a main ruler (2) arranged transversely, the main ruler (2) comprising a main ruler body (2.1), the main ruler body (2.1) being of a hollow structure and having an opening at the right end, an auxiliary ruler (5) being independently arranged transversely in the main ruler body (2.1) and being movable left and right therein, the right end of the auxiliary ruler (5) being located to the right of the main ruler body (2.1) after the auxiliary ruler (5) moves rightward, and characterized in that: The left end of the secondary ruler (5) is connected to a sliding block (1) which can slide left and right in the main ruler body (2.1); a first groove (10) is formed on the sliding block (1); a locking member is installed in the first groove (10) for locking the secondary ruler (5) after it moves left and right; At least one set of first bearings (8) capable of rotating left and right is mounted on the front side wall of the sliding block (1), each set of first bearings (8) comprising two first bearings (8) arranged in an upper and lower manner, the upper end of the first bearing (8) located on the upper side is located above the sliding block (1), and the lower end of the first bearing (8) located on the lower side is located below the sliding block (1); At least one set of second bearings (9) capable of rotating left and right are mounted on both upper and lower side walls of the sliding block (1), each set of second bearings (9) comprising two second bearings (9) arranged front and back, the front end of the second bearing (9) located on the front side being located in front of the sliding block (1), and the rear end of the second bearing (9) located on the rear side being located behind the sliding block (1); The first bearing (8) and the second bearing (9) are arranged to be staggered with respect to each other.

2. A geological surveying ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding block (1) is provided with a second groove (11) in an annular structure corresponding to the first bearing (8); a third groove (12) is provided inwardly concave on the sliding block (1) at the second groove (11); and the second groove (11) is located in the third groove (12); The sliding block (1) is provided with a fourth recessed groove (13) corresponding to the second bearing (9), a fifth recessed groove (14) having an annular structure is provided in the fourth recessed groove (13) corresponding to the second bearing (9), a first fixing cover (3) for limiting the position of the second bearing (9) is installed at the fourth recessed groove (13), and a second fixing cover (15) for limiting the position of the first bearing (8) is installed at the third recessed groove (12).

3. A geological surveying ruler according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first transverse sliding groove (2.2) and a second sliding groove (2.3) are provided on the inner walls on the front and rear sides of the main ruler body (2.1) corresponding to the second bearing (9), and a third transverse sliding groove (2.4) is provided on the inner walls on the upper and lower sides of the main ruler body (2.1) corresponding to the first bearing (8).

4. A geological surveying ruler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking member is a buckle (16), and corresponding to the buckle (16), a first fixing opening (2.5) is provided at the left end of the main ruler body (2.1) for locking the auxiliary ruler (5) after it moves to the left, and a second fixing opening (2.6) is provided at the right end for locking the auxiliary ruler (5) after it moves to the right.

5. A geological surveying ruler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The secondary ruler (5) is a hollow structure that is connected to the left and right sides. The right end of the secondary ruler (5) is equipped with a second protective cover (7) that is covered after being retracted into the main ruler body (2.1), and the left end is fixed with a connecting block (4) for connecting to the sliding block (1).

6. A geological surveying ruler according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first protective cover (6) is fixed to the right end of the main ruler body (2.1), the first protective cover (6) comprising a baffle (6.1), the baffle (6.1) being provided with a through hole (6.4) through which the secondary ruler (5) can independently pass and which is connected to the left and right, and a support ring (6.2) is fixed to the left side surface of the baffle (6.1) for preventing the sliding block (1) from sliding out of the right end of the main ruler body (2.1).

7. A geological surveying ruler according to claim 6, characterized in that: Fixed blocks (6.3) are respectively fixed on the support ring (6.2) corresponding to the first slide groove (2.2), the second slide groove (2.3) and the third slide groove (2.4).

8. A geological surveying ruler according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first bearings (8) are in two groups.

9. A geological surveying ruler according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second bearings (9) are provided in an upper and a lower set.

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