Sewage treatment equipment and closestool robot
By using a motor-driven crushing device and an impeller stirring system in the sewage treatment equipment, the pipeline blockage problem caused by incomplete dirt crushing in the prior art is solved, and the sewage is fully treated and discharged.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420814305.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-18
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-18
AI Technical Summary
In existing sewage treatment equipment, it is difficult for the crushing and sewage discharge technology to thoroughly cut various dirt in life, resulting in the problem of pipeline blockage.
A sewage treatment equipment was designed, including a sewage tank, a water pump and a crushing device. The water pump was driven by a motor to rotate the impeller to stir the sewage, and the motor to rotate the crushing device to crush the dirt, ensuring that the dirt in the sewage tank was completely broken and avoiding Pipeline clogged.
It realizes sufficient cutting of dirt in sewage treatment equipment, prevents pipeline blockage, ensures smooth discharge of sewage, and improves the efficiency of sewage treatment.
Smart Images

Figure CN222252377U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of sewage treatment, and in particular to a sewage treatment device and a toilet robot. Background Art
[0002] In the existing sewage treatment equipment, the crushing sewage discharge technology is mostly used in industry and farmland, but with the advancement of science and technology, the crushing sewage discharge technology is gradually used in life. The high-power sewage pump of the sewage treatment equipment used in life has a blade cutting function, which is used to cut feces, hard objects, fibrous cloth strips, paper towels, etc. in the sewage.
[0003] However, the existing pulverizing sewage treatment equipment does not fully crush the wastewater due to the difficulty in cutting waste in daily life and the large variety of debris. This causes the pipes of the sewage treatment equipment to be blocked and the sewage cannot be discharged. Utility Model Content
[0004] The present application provides a sewage treatment device and a toilet robot to achieve the effect of fully cutting off dirt and avoiding pipe blockage.
[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a sewage treatment device, comprising: a sewage tank for containing sewage; a water pump, comprising a motor and an impeller, the motor drives the impeller to rotate, the water pump is arranged in the sewage tank and is used to discharge sewage; a crushing device, connected to the motor, the crushing device is arranged in the sewage tank and is used to crush the dirt; wherein the motor drives the crushing device to rotate to crush the dirt in the sewage tank, and the motor drives the impeller to rotate to stir the sewage in the sewage tank.
[0006] In a possible implementation, the sewage tank is provided with a sewage inlet, and the sewage treatment equipment also includes: a filtering device, provided with a first accommodating chamber, the first accommodating chamber is connected to the sewage inlet, and the filtering device separates sewage and dirt; wherein the crushing device is arranged in the first accommodating chamber to crush the dirt in the first accommodating chamber.
[0007] In a possible implementation, the filter device is disposed at the top of the water pump and connected to the water pump, wherein a protrusion is provided at the bottom of the filter device, and the water pump is provided with a clamping piece, and the protrusion cooperates with the clamping piece.
[0008] In a possible implementation, the filtering device is a filter screen, the filter screen is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the diameter of the through holes is smaller than the diameter of the sewage pipe.
[0009] In a possible implementation, the water pump further includes: a first shell, accommodating the motor; a second shell, connected to the first shell, the second shell is provided with a second accommodating cavity, the impeller is arranged in the second accommodating cavity, and the second shell is provided with an opening.
[0010] In a possible implementation, the invention further includes: the water pump is provided with a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is provided on the second shell.
[0011] In a possible implementation, a valve is provided at the end of the water outlet pipe.
[0012] In a possible implementation, the sewage tank is provided with a sewage outlet, and the sewage treatment equipment further includes: a sewage pipe, one end of which is connected to the water pump, and the other end of which is connected to the sewage outlet.
[0013] In a possible implementation, the sewage tank further includes a tank cover, and the tank cover is provided with a sewage inlet and a sewage outlet.
[0014] In a second aspect, the present application provides a toilet robot, which includes a sewage treatment device.
[0015] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages over the prior art: the sewage treatment equipment includes a sewage tank and a water pump, and the sewage tank is provided with a water pump, and the water pump extracts the sewage in the sewage tank and discharges it from the sewage tank. The water pump is connected to an impeller, and the impeller can be connected to and rotated by the motor on the water pump, and the impeller rotates to stir the sewage in the sewage tank. The sewage tank also includes a crushing device for crushing the dirt in the sewage tank. The crushing device is also connected to the motor and can be driven to rotate by the motor to break up the dirt in the sewage tank. The crushing device and the impeller are respectively connected to the motor, and the crushing device and the impeller are coaxially arranged. The crushing device is driven to rotate by the motor to break up the dirt in the sewage tank, and the impeller is driven to rotate by the motor to stir up the sewage and debris in the sewage tank. The impeller and the crushing device rotate in the sewage tank to fully stir the sewage in the sewage tank and break up the dirt mixed in the sewage. By using the pulverizing device to pulverize the dirt and the impeller to stir the sewage in the sewage tank, the dirt in the sewage tank can be pulverized thoroughly, thereby preventing large pieces of dirt from remaining after pulverization and clogging the pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.
[0018] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplified descriptions do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sewage treatment equipment provided for this application;
[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the sewage tank;
[0021] Figure 3 Assemble schematic diagrams for water pumps and filtration devices;
[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded diagram of
[0023] Figure 5 It is the structural diagram of the water pump;
[0024] Figure 6 The second schematic diagram of the structure of the second casing and the impeller;
[0025] Figure 7 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the second casing and the impeller.
[0026] Description of reference numerals:
[0027] 100-sewage treatment equipment; 110-sewage tank; 112-sewage inlet; 113-sewage outlet; 115-tank cover; 120-water pump; 121-motor; 122-impeller; 123-clamping piece; 124-first shell; 125-second shell; 126-second accommodating chamber; 127-opening; 128-water outlet pipe; 140-filter device; 141-first accommodating chamber; 142-protrusion; 143-through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0029] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to implement different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention can repeat reference numbers and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.
[0030] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used herein to describe the relative positional relationship or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figure, such as "inside", "outside", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "below", "above", "above", "front", "back", etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a position flip or a posture change or a motion state change, then these directional indications also change accordingly, for example: an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features". Therefore, the example term "below..." may include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.
[0031] In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that incomplete crushing of waste in sewage treatment equipment causes pipe blockage, the present application provides a sewage treatment equipment and a toilet robot that can fully cut waste and avoid pipe blockage.
[0032] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and 2 , a sewage treatment device 100 is provided, including: a sewage tank 110, used to contain sewage; a water pump 120, including a motor 121 and an impeller 122, the motor 121 drives the impeller 122 to rotate, the water pump 120 is arranged in the sewage tank 110 and used for sewage discharge; a crushing device, connected to the motor 121, the crushing device is arranged in the sewage tank 110 and used for crushing dirt; wherein the motor 121 drives the crushing device to rotate to crush the dirt in the sewage tank 110, and the motor 121 drives the impeller 122 to rotate to stir the sewage in the sewage tank 110.
[0033] Specifically, the sewage tank 110 is provided with a sewage inlet 112 and a sewage outlet 113. The sewage inlet 112 is used to transport sewage into the sewage tank 110, and the sewage outlet 113 is used for the sewage tank 110 to discharge sewage to the outside. After the sewage and dirt enter the sewage tank 110 through the sewage inlet 112, the large pieces of dirt in the sewage tank 110 can be broken up by the crushing device inside the sewage tank 110. In addition, a water pump 120 is also provided in the sewage tank 110, which is used to pump out the sewage in the water tank and then discharge it from the sewage outlet 113. The water pump 120 includes a motor 121 and an impeller 122. The impeller 122 is connected to the motor 121, and the motor 121 is also connected to the crushing device, which can also drive the crushing device to rotate.
[0034] Furthermore, the crushing device is configured as a rotatable blade or impeller 122, which can break up the dirt. The crushing device is configured near the top side of the sewage tank 110, near the sewage inlet 112; the impeller 122 is configured near the bottom side of the sewage tank 110, near the sewage outlet 113. The crushing device is configured near the sewage inlet 112, so that the crushing device can break up the dirt in the sewage just after the sewage enters the sewage tank 110. The impeller 122 is configured near the bottom of the sewage tank 110 because the dirt is easily deposited at the bottom of the sewage tank 110. Therefore, the impeller 122 is configured near the bottom of the sewage tank 110. The rotation of the impeller 122 can effectively stir the dirt and sewage, so that the dirt can be driven by the impeller 122 to the upper layer of the sewage tank 110 and thus broken up by the crushing device. In addition, the impeller 122 is configured near the sewage outlet 113, so that the impeller 122 can keep the dirt away from the sewage outlet 113 to prevent the sewage outlet 113 from being blocked.
[0035] Furthermore, the motor 121 on the water pump 120 is connected with a crushing device and an impeller 122, and the impeller 122 and the crushing device are respectively arranged at both ends of the motor 121 and are arranged coaxially. By connecting the motor 121 on the water pump 120 with the crushing device to drive the crushing device to rotate, it is possible to avoid setting another motor 121 in the sewage tank 110. In addition, the crushing device and the impeller 122 are coaxially arranged on the motor 121, which can improve the stability of the structure and prevent the eccentric fracture of the motor 121 shaft.
[0036] In this embodiment, the impeller 122 and the crushing device rotate in the sewage tank 110 to fully stir the sewage in the sewage tank 110 and break up the dirt mixed in the sewage. The crushing device breaks up the dirt and the impeller 122 stirs the sewage in the sewage tank 110, so that the dirt in the sewage tank 110 can be completely crushed, avoiding large pieces of dirt remaining after crushing, thereby clogging the pipeline.
[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 3-4The sewage tank 110 is provided with a sewage inlet 112, and the sewage treatment equipment 100 also includes: a filtering device 140, which is provided with a first accommodating chamber 141, the first accommodating chamber 141 is connected to the sewage inlet 112, and the filtering device 140 separates sewage and dirt; wherein, the crushing device is arranged in the first accommodating chamber 141 to crush the dirt in the first accommodating chamber 141.
[0038] Specifically, a filter device 140 is provided in the sewage tank 110. The filter device 140 is specifically a filter screen. The filter screen is installed at the top of the water pump 120. The filter screen is installed in conjunction with the top surface of the water pump 120, and the filter screen is arranged around the outer peripheral side of the top surface of the water pump 120. The filter screen and the top surface of the water pump 120 together surround and form a first accommodating chamber 141. The top of the filter screen is connected to the sewage inlet 112 at the top of the sewage tank 110. In this way, when sewage and dirt enter the sewage tank 110 through the sewage inlet 112, they first enter the first accommodating space of the filter device 140, and through the through holes 143 on the filter screen, the smaller dirt that can be discharged through the sewage outlet 113 is filtered out through the through holes 143, leaving large pieces of dirt in the first accommodating chamber 141.
[0039] Furthermore, a crushing device is arranged in the first accommodating chamber 141, and large pieces of dirt remain in the filtering device 140. At this time, the motor 121 is controlled to rotate, and the crushing device can crush the large pieces of dirt screened out in the first accommodating chamber 141. Through the cutting of the blade on the crushing device, the large pieces of dirt are broken into small pieces of dirt or residue that can pass through the through hole 143.
[0040] In this embodiment, the filter device 140 is provided with a first accommodating chamber 141, which can retain large pieces of dirt in the first accommodating chamber 141, thereby preventing the sewage outlet 113 from being blocked. In addition, a crushing device is also provided in the first accommodating chamber 141, which can crush the large pieces of dirt left in the first accommodating chamber 141, so that all the dirt in the sewage tank 110 can be discharged through the sewage outlet 113, thereby avoiding pipe blockage.
[0041] In some embodiments, the filter device 140 is disposed at the top of the water pump 120 and connected to the water pump 120 , wherein a protrusion 142 is provided at the bottom of the filter device 140 , and the water pump 120 is provided with a snap-fit component 123 , and the protrusion 142 cooperates with the snap-fit component 123 .
[0042] Specifically, the filter device 140 is arranged at the top of the water pump 120 and is installed in cooperation with the water pump 120. A plurality of clips 123 are arranged on the top surface of the water pump 120. The plurality of clips 123 are arranged in an annular shape and arranged on the outer peripheral side of the top surface of the water pump 120. The clips 123 are two plates with a gap between them, and the gap in the middle can just accommodate the side wall of the filter device 140. The filter screen is inserted between the two plates with a gap and fixed by squeezing between the two plates.
[0043] The clamping member 123 is also provided with a groove, which can cooperate with the protrusion 142 on the filter screen, so that the filter screen can only be removed from the water pump 120 by rotating in a certain direction. The side of the plate is recessed inward to form a groove. When installing, the filter screen is inserted between two adjacent plates, and then the filter screen is rotated so that the protrusion 142 can follow the rotation and enter the groove set on the plate to cooperate with the clamping member 123. In this way, the filter screen can be removed only by rotating in the opposite direction to that during installation.
[0044] In this embodiment, since water is stored in the sewage tank 110 and the internal crushing device will cause a certain impact on the filter screen when crushing, the clamping member 123 cooperates with the protrusion 142 to make the filter device 140 more firmly installed on the water pump 120. In addition, during installation, the filter device 140 can be installed and removed by simply rotating it, which is convenient for manual installation and maintenance.
[0045] In some embodiments, the filter device 140 is a filter screen, and the filter screen is provided with a plurality of through holes 143 , and the diameter of the through holes 143 is smaller than the diameter of the sewage pipe.
[0046] Specifically, the filter device 140 is a filter screen. In order to prevent the dirt passing through the filter device 140 from clogging the sewage outlet 113, the diameter of the through hole 143 on the filter screen can be set to be smaller than the diameter of the sewage outlet 113 and the sewage pipe. In this way, the dirt that can pass through the through hole 143 can also pass through the sewage pipe and the sewage outlet 113, fundamentally preventing the sewage pipe from being blocked due to excessive dirt.
[0047] In some embodiments, see Figure 5-7 The water pump 120 further includes: a first housing 124 accommodating the motor 121 ; a second housing 125 connected to the first housing 124 , the second housing 125 is provided with a second accommodating cavity 126 , the impeller 122 is disposed in the second accommodating cavity 126 , and the second housing 125 is provided with an opening 127 .
[0048] Specifically, the water pump 120 not only includes a motor 121 and an impeller 122, but also has a housing, specifically including a first housing 124 for accommodating the motor 121 and a second housing 125 for accommodating the impeller 122. The first housing 124 is arranged at the top, and is waterproof to prevent sewage from entering the motor 121. The second housing 125 is connected to the first housing 124. The second housing 125 is provided with a second accommodating chamber 126 for accommodating the impeller 122. The impeller 122 rotates in the second accommodating chamber 126. In order to communicate the second accommodating chamber 126 with the sewage tank 110, an opening 127 is provided at the bottom of the second housing 125, so that the opening 127 is communicated with the inside of the sewage tank 110.
[0049] In this embodiment, the second housing 125 is provided with an opening 127 to communicate with the sewage tank 110, so that the impeller 122 can stir the sewage. The second housing 125 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the impeller 122 to protect the impeller 122. In addition, the impeller 122 stirs the sewage in the entire sewage tank 110, which requires a relatively high-power motor 121. In order to facilitate the rotation of the impeller 122, the second housing 125 is provided to reduce the pressure of the impeller 122 to rotate, and the impeller 122 rotates more easily in the second housing 125. The second housing 125 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the impeller 122, which can play a role in the siphon effect when the auxiliary water pump 120 pumps water, so that the water pump 120 can pump water from here.
[0050] In some embodiments, it also includes: the water pump 120 is provided with a water outlet pipe 128, and the water outlet pipe 128 is provided in the second shell 125.
[0051] Specifically, in order to facilitate the water pump 120 to pump water and send it to the sewage outlet 113 at the sewage tank 110, a water outlet pipe 128 is provided on the second housing 125. Since the second housing 125 can assist siphoning, the water outlet pipe 128 is provided on the second housing 125 to facilitate the water discharge of the water pump 120. In addition, the impeller 122 rotates at the second housing 125 to play a stirring role and prevent dirt from clogging the water outlet pipe 128.
[0052] In some embodiments, a valve is provided at the end of the water outlet pipe 128 .
[0053] Specifically, in order to manually control the inflow and outflow of water in the sewage tank 110, a valve is provided at the end of the water outlet pipe 128 to control the water outlet of the water pump 120. The opening and closing of the valve is coordinated with the rotation of the impeller 122 in the sewage tank 110. When the impeller 122 and the blade rotate to perform the stirring and crushing work, the valve is closed; when the stirring and crushing is completed, the valve is opened to discharge the sewage. Therefore, the valve can be provided to circulate the crushing and stirring process and the sewage discharge process in the sewage tank 110, which is convenient for the crushing work.
[0054] In this embodiment, a valve is provided at the water outlet pipe 128 to control the water outlet of the water pump 120. In addition, a sewage pipe is connected between the water outlet pipe 128 and the sewage outlet 113, and a valve is installed at the water outlet pipe 128 to facilitate replacement of the sewage pipe.
[0055] In some embodiments, the sewage tank 110 is provided with a sewage outlet 113 , and the sewage treatment equipment 100 further includes: a sewage pipe, one end of which is connected to the water pump 120 , and the other end of which is connected to the sewage outlet 113 .
[0056] Specifically, the sewage treatment equipment 100 further includes a sewage pipe, which connects the water outlet pipe 128 on the water pump 120 and the sewage outlet 113 , and sends the sewage sent out by the water pump 120 into the sewage outlet 113 through the sewage pipe.
[0057] In some embodiments, the sewage tank 110 further includes a tank cover 115 , and the tank cover 115 is provided with a sewage inlet 112 and a sewage outlet 113 .
[0058] Specifically, a box cover 115 is provided on the top of the sewage tank 110, which is detachably connected to the sewage tank 110. The box cover 115 is provided with a sewage inlet 112 and a sewage outlet 113, wherein the sewage inlet 112 is used for sewage intake and the sewage outlet 113 is used for sewage discharge.
[0059] In a second aspect, the present application provides a toilet robot, which includes a sewage treatment device 100 .
[0060] Specifically, the sewage treatment equipment 100 is a part of the entire toilet robot. The sewage passing through the toilet robot needs to be processed and crushed by the sewage treatment equipment 100 to prevent the entire toilet robot from being blocked.
[0061] It should be understood that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "include", "comprise", "contain", and "have" are inclusive, and therefore specify the existence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not interpreted as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the execution order is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.
[0062] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.
[0063] The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.
Claims
1. A sewage treatment equipment, characterized in that: include: A sewage tank for containing sewage; A water pump, comprising a motor and an impeller, wherein the motor drives the impeller to rotate, and the water pump is arranged in the sewage tank and is used for sewage discharge; A crushing device connected to the motor, the crushing device is arranged in the sewage tank and is used to crush the dirt; The motor drives the pulverizing device to rotate to pulverize the dirt in the sewage tank, and the motor drives the impeller to rotate to stir the sewage in the sewage tank.
2. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage tank is provided with a sewage inlet, and the sewage treatment equipment further comprises: A filter device, provided with a first accommodating chamber, the first accommodating chamber is communicated with the sewage inlet, and the filter device separates sewage and dirt; Wherein, the crushing device is arranged in the first accommodating chamber to crush the dirt in the first accommodating chamber.
3. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter device is arranged at the top of the water pump and connected to the water pump, wherein a protrusion is arranged at the bottom of the filter device, and the water pump is provided with a clamping piece, and the protrusion cooperates with the clamping piece.
4. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filtering device is a filter screen, and the filter screen is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the diameter of the through holes is smaller than the diameter of the sewage pipe.
5. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pump also includes: A first housing, accommodating the motor; The second shell is connected to the first shell, the second shell is provided with a second accommodating cavity, the impeller is arranged in the second accommodating cavity, and the second shell is provided with an opening.
6. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: The water pump is provided with a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is arranged on the second shell.
7. The sewage treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A valve is arranged at the end of the water outlet pipe.
8. The sewage treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The sewage tank is provided with a sewage outlet, and the sewage treatment equipment further comprises: A sewage pipe, one end of which is connected to the water pump, and the other end of which is connected to the sewage outlet.
9. The sewage treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The sewage tank also includes a tank cover, which is provided with a sewage inlet and a sewage outlet.
10. A toilet robot, characterized in that: The toilet robot comprises the sewage treatment equipment as described in any one of claims 1-9.