Heat pump system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a heat pump system and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicles. The heat pump system comprises a compressor, a heat exchanger, a condenser and a heating and ventilation air conditioner, the compressor, the heat exchanger and the condenser are sequentially connected to form a loop, the heating and ventilation air conditioner is respectively connected with the compressor and the condenser, the heating and ventilation air conditioner comprises an air blower with adjustable power, and the air blower is connected with the heat exchanger. And a pump with an adjustable rotating speed is arranged between the heating ventilation air conditioner and the condenser. The high pressure can be quickly increased, sufficient heat in the system is guaranteed, then a user can increase the rotating speed of the pump and the power of the air blower and adjust the corresponding valves to enable the suction superheat degree to reach a preset target, and therefore hot gas bypass heating is achieved. And the compressor can be pulled to the highest rotating speed without triggering low-pressure protection, so that subsequent continuous heat output is further ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a heat pump system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When the ambient temperature is low, the heat pump system usually needs to use a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) electric heater to provide a heat source for the entire vehicle, which increases the cost. The energy utilization rate of the PTC electric heater is lower than that of the heat pump system. At the same time, it is arranged in the cabin, resulting in some heat loss. In order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the entire vehicle and save energy consumption, hot gas bypass is currently performed through HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) internal cooling, that is, the hot gas returns to the compressor through the internal condenser of the HVAC.

[0003] However, in a low temperature environment, when the system balance pressure is too low (the balance pressure is affected by the external ambient temperature), the low pressure protection is easily triggered, making it impossible to quickly increase the compressor speed. The low speed inhibits the release of system heat, resulting in a slow rise in high pressure, which in turn prolongs the time for the cold start output end to reach the target temperature. When the high pressure is too low, even if the compressor is at the highest speed, the hot gas bypass performance is too low, and the system cannot achieve maximum efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The problem solved by the utility model is how to quickly increase the system high voltage.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a heat pump system and a vehicle.

[0006] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a heat pump system, comprising a compressor, a heat exchanger, a condenser and a HVAC, wherein the compressor, the heat exchanger and the condenser are connected in sequence to form a loop, the HVAC is connected to the compressor and the condenser respectively, the HVAC comprises a power-adjustable blower, and a speed-adjustable pump is provided between the HVAC and the condenser.

[0007] Optionally, the HVAC further includes a heater core, the heater core is connected to a coolant pipeline of the condenser to form a loop, and the pump is arranged between the heater core and the condenser.

[0008] Optionally, the HVAC further includes an evaporator, one end of the evaporator is connected to the compressor, and the other end of the evaporator is used to be connected to the condenser.

[0009] Optionally, the heat pump system further comprises a first valve, wherein the first valve is arranged between the evaporator and the condenser.

[0010] Optionally, the blower includes a power regulator, and the power regulator is used to adjust the power gear of the blower, wherein the power gear of the blower includes a stop gear and a plurality of different preset power gears.

[0011] Optionally, the pump comprises a speed regulator, and the speed regulator is used to adjust a speed gear of the pump, wherein the speed gear of the pump comprises a plurality of different preset speed gears between 0% and 100%.

[0012] Optionally, the heat pump system further comprises a second valve, wherein the second valve is arranged between the heat exchanger and the condenser.

[0013] Optionally, the heat pump system further comprises a third valve for hot gas bypass, and the third valve is arranged in parallel with the compressor.

[0014] Optionally, the heat pump system further comprises an exhaust pressure detector, which is arranged at the outlet of the compressor and is used to detect the exhaust pressure of the compressor.

[0015] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned heat pump system.

[0016] The utility model provides a power-adjustable blower in the HVAC, for example, the user can select the power gear as the shutdown gear, the low power gear and the high power gear, and provides a speed-adjustable pump between the HVAC and the condenser, for example, the user can adjust the speed between 0% and 100% of the maximum speed, so that in the startup phase, the user can ensure that there is sufficient heat in the system by adjusting the blower to the shutdown gear and the pump speed to zero. Since the heat is retained in the refrigerant, the temperature of the refrigerant rises and the pressure rises, which can quickly increase the system high pressure, and then the user can increase the pump speed and the power of the blower, and adjust the corresponding valves so that the suction superheat reaches the preset target, thereby realizing hot gas bypass heating. Since the high pressure is quickly increased, the compressor can be pulled to the highest speed without triggering the low pressure protection, further ensuring the subsequent continuous heat output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The heat pump system of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 2 The heat pump system of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides a heat pump system, including a compressor, a heat exchanger, a condenser and a HVAC, wherein the compressor, the heat exchanger and the condenser are connected in sequence to form a loop, the HVAC is connected to the compressor and the condenser respectively, the HVAC includes a power-adjustable blower, and a speed-adjustable pump is provided between the HVAC and the condenser.

[0021] Specifically, the heat pump system includes a compressor, a heat exchanger (such as a plate heat exchanger), a condenser (such as a water-cooled condenser) and a HVAC system. The compressor, heat exchanger and condenser are connected in sequence to form a loop (which can be called an air-conditioning loop). The HVAC system is connected to the compressor and the condenser, respectively; the heat exchanger can be connected to heating elements such as the vehicle's motor, batteries and other electrical components, thereby introducing heat into the heat pump system.

[0022] Among them, the HVAC includes a power-adjustable blower, and the power of the blower can be adjusted as needed, for example, adjusted to a stop gear, a low-power gear, and a high-power gear; a speed-adjustable pump (such as a water pump) is provided between the HVAC and the condenser, and the speed of the pump can be adjusted as needed, for example, adjusted between 0% and 100% of the maximum speed; when the speed of the pump is 0% of the maximum speed, the pump is completely stopped and does not run, the pump motor is not powered or the motor speed is controlled to zero; when the speed of the pump is 50% of the maximum speed, the speed of the pump is equal to half of its maximum design speed, and the power supply frequency or voltage of the motor is usually adjusted to a corresponding intermediate value; when the speed of the pump is 100% of the maximum speed, the pump runs at its designed maximum speed, and the pump motor is powered at the highest voltage or frequency so that its speed reaches its maximum design value. For example, during the startup phase, heat can be introduced into the heat pump system through the heat exchanger. The user can turn off the HVAC by adjusting the blower to the stop gear and the pump speed to zero to ensure that there is sufficient heat in the system. Since the heat is retained in the refrigerant, the temperature of the refrigerant rises and the pressure rises, which can quickly increase the high pressure (for example, to 20 bar.A), thereby shortening the cold start time. Then the user can gradually increase the pump speed and the power of the blower, and adjust the corresponding valves (for example, close the valve, etc.). Figure 2The second valve shown in the figure, etc.) makes the suction superheat reach the preset target (and the saturation temperature meets the preset target), thereby realizing hot gas bypass heating. Since the high pressure is quickly raised, the compressor can be pulled to the highest speed without triggering the low pressure protection (usually the low pressure protection is triggered when the low pressure is lower than 1 bar.A), further ensuring the subsequent continuous heat output. For example, at an ambient temperature of -30℃ to 10℃ (common ambient temperature for heat pumps), this embodiment can quickly raise the high pressure of the heat pump system without the help of additional heat sources such as electric heating, ensuring that the system outputs sufficient heat and the outlet air temperature meets the target request.

[0023] Among them, the compressor is used to compress the low-pressure and low-temperature steam condensing agent (refrigerant) into a high-pressure and high-temperature gas; the condenser reduces the temperature of the high-pressure and high-temperature gas by exchanging heat with the high-pressure and high-temperature gas passing through the condenser through contact of a coolant (such as cooling water), thereby converting it into a liquid state; the heat exchanger is used to transfer heat in the air-conditioning system.

[0024] During the operation of the heat pump system, due to changes in indoor and outdoor temperature, load demand and other factors, the speed of the compressor may need to be adjusted to maintain stable operation of the system, improve energy efficiency and ensure comfort. Through speed control, the system can increase or decrease the operating speed of the compressor according to demand, thereby adjusting the cooling or heating capacity to adapt to different working conditions. Among them, the compressor can adjust the speed in the following ways:

[0025] (1) Variable frequency speed regulation technology: Air conditioning systems usually use variable frequency speed regulation technology, that is, variable frequency driven compressors. The compressor speed is precisely controlled by adjusting the voltage, frequency or current of the motor. Variable frequency speed regulation technology can dynamically adjust the compressor speed according to actual needs, allowing it to operate under different working conditions, and can achieve continuous adjustment, thereby improving the energy efficiency and performance of the system.

[0026] (2) Multi-stage compression: Some high-end air conditioning systems use multi-stage compression technology, which is to set multiple compression levels or use multiple compressor units inside the compressor and select different levels or units to work according to actual needs to achieve speed adjustment. This method is usually used in high-power or wide-range air conditioning systems.

[0027] (3) Clutch control: In car air conditioners, the speed can be adjusted by controlling the clutch of the compressor. When the cooling capacity needs to be reduced, the clutch of the compressor can be disconnected to stop it from rotating; when the cooling capacity needs to be increased, the clutch of the compressor can be connected to start it from rotating.

[0028] (4) Electronic control system: The air conditioning system is usually equipped with an electronic control system, which monitors environmental parameters (such as room temperature, evaporator temperature, cooling load, etc.) through sensors, and then adjusts the compressor speed according to these parameters. The electronic control system can automatically adjust the compressor speed according to real-time needs to achieve stable operation of the system and optimize energy efficiency.

[0029] Optionally, the HVAC further includes a heater core, the heater core is connected to a coolant pipeline of the condenser to form a loop, and the pump is arranged between the heater core and the condenser.

[0030] Specifically, combined Figure 2 As shown, the HVAC also includes a heater core, which is responsible for providing hot air to the passenger compartment. Both ends of the heater core are connected to both ends of the coolant pipeline of the condenser to form a coolant circulation loop, and a pump is arranged between the heater core and the condenser.

[0031] The coolant is usually a mixture of ethylene glycol and water, which will not freeze at low temperatures and remain liquid at high temperatures. The coolant flows between the heater core and the condenser (which can be driven by a pump) to achieve heat transfer.

[0032] The heater core is usually a small radiator that can heat the air inside the vehicle by cooling it with water or directly circulating the engine's coolant. The heater core is usually made up of a series of metal pipes and fins. The coolant (such as engine coolant) flows through these pipes. During the coolant circulation process, the radiator core absorbs heat and transfers it to the surrounding air.

[0033] Optionally, the HVAC further includes an evaporator, one end of the evaporator is connected to the compressor, and the other end of the evaporator is used to be connected to the condenser.

[0034] Specifically, combined Figure 2 As shown, the HVAC also includes an evaporator, the outlet collecting end of the evaporator is connected to the compressor, and the other end is connected to the condenser. The liquid refrigerant output from the condenser can pass through the evaporator and then flow back to the compressor. The evaporator is used to cooperate with the blower to achieve refrigeration. For example, the blower drives the air to flow through the evaporator, and the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator absorbs heat and evaporates into gas, thereby achieving a refrigeration effect to provide cool air to the passenger compartment.

[0035] Optionally, the heat pump system further comprises a first valve, wherein the first valve is arranged between the evaporator and the condenser.

[0036] Specifically, combined Figure 2As shown, the heat pump system also includes a first valve (such as an electronic expansion valve), and the port in the condenser for outputting the refrigerant (such as a low-pressure refrigerant) is connected to two branches, one of which is provided with a first valve, and the outlet end of the first valve is connected to the evaporator; when the first valve is opened, the evaporator is connected to the condenser, and the compressor, the evaporator and the condenser form a refrigeration system, and the refrigerant flows in the refrigeration system, and changes its state at different pressures and temperatures through a cyclic compression and expansion process, thereby absorbing or releasing heat; during the startup phase, the first valve is usually in a closed state.

[0037] Optionally, the blower includes a power regulator, and the power regulator is used to adjust the power gear of the blower, wherein the power gear of the blower includes a stop gear and a plurality of different preset power gears.

[0038] Specifically, the blower includes a power regulator, which is used to adjust the power level of the blower. For example, variable frequency speed regulation technology is used to adjust the speed of the motor according to demand, thereby adjusting the power of the blower. The blower can have a stop gear and multiple preset power gears, and users can choose different gears according to their needs.

[0039] Common gear adjustment methods include:

[0040] (1) Voltage regulation: The speed and power of the blower are changed by adjusting the supply voltage. Lowering the voltage will reduce the blower's output power, while increasing the voltage will increase the power (usually applicable to DC motors or AC motors).

[0041] (2) Speed ​​control: The power of the blower can be adjusted by controlling the speed of the motor. This can be achieved by adjusting the voltage of the motor, using a frequency converter (frequency converter) or other motor control device. By reducing or increasing the speed of the motor, the output power of the blower can be adjusted accordingly.

[0042] (3) Impeller adjustment: The output power of the blower can also be achieved by adjusting the rotation speed or angle of the impeller. Changing the position or shape of the impeller can change the air flow and pressure provided by the blower, thereby changing its power.

[0043] (4) Soft starter and soft stopper: By using soft starter and soft stopper, the power of the blower can be gradually adjusted to avoid sudden current shock and mechanical stress, extend the service life of the equipment, and improve efficiency.

[0044] (5) Automatic control system: The power of the blower can also be adjusted by connecting it to an automatic control system. The power of the blower can be automatically adjusted according to environmental conditions, process requirements or other parameters to meet the needs of the system.

[0045] Optionally, the pump comprises a speed regulator, and the speed regulator is used to adjust a speed gear of the pump, wherein the speed gear of the pump comprises a plurality of different preset speed gears between 0% and 100%.

[0046] Specifically, the pump includes a speed regulator, which is used to adjust the speed gear of the pump, usually refers to adjusting the flow rate of the pump. Since the flow rate of the pump is usually proportional to its speed, the flow rate of the pump can be regulated by, for example, adjusting the driving motor of the pump or using a frequency converter (frequency converter) and other devices to adjust the speed of the pump. Lowering the speed will reduce the flow rate of the pump, while increasing the speed will increase the flow rate.

[0047] The flow rate of the pump can also be achieved by adjusting the diameter of the impeller or the angle of the blades of the pump. By replacing the impeller or adjusting the angle of the blades, the performance of the pump can be changed, thereby achieving flow rate regulation.

[0048] Among them, installing a speed regulating valve at the outlet of the pump or in the pipeline can adjust the flow through the valve. By adjusting the opening of the speed regulating valve, the resistance in the pipeline can be changed, thereby affecting the flow of the pump.

[0049] Since the blower power and pump speed are set in multiple gears, users can slowly increase the air volume and coolant flow rate according to actual needs, which can ensure that the high pressure is stably maintained at a high level, the system heat will not fluctuate greatly, and the hot gas bypass heat source is fully utilized to provide heat without being affected by the ambient temperature.

[0050] Optionally, the heat pump system further comprises a second valve, wherein the second valve is arranged between the heat exchanger and the condenser.

[0051] Specifically, combined Figure 2 As shown, the heat pump system also includes a second valve (such as an electronic expansion valve), the port for refrigerant output in the condenser is connected to the second valve (which can be called a shut-off valve), the outlet end of the second valve is connected to the heat exchanger, the flow rate between the heat exchanger and the condenser can be adjusted by the second valve, and the user can increase the suction superheat by closing the second valve.

[0052] Optionally, the heat pump system further comprises a third valve for hot gas bypass, and the third valve is arranged in parallel with the compressor.

[0053] Specifically, combined Figure 2 As shown, the heat pump system also includes a third valve (such as an electronic expansion valve) for hot gas bypass. The third valve (which may be called a hot gas bypass valve) is arranged in parallel with the compressor. The hot gas bypass valve can adjust the ratio between cold air and hot air. The heating temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing degree of the hot gas bypass valve.

[0054] Optionally, the heat pump system further comprises an exhaust pressure detector, which is arranged at the outlet of the compressor and is used to detect the exhaust pressure of the compressor.

[0055] Specifically, combined Figure 2 As shown, the heat pump system also includes an exhaust pressure detector, which is arranged at the outlet of the compressor and is used to detect the exhaust pressure of the compressor, that is, the pressure generated when the compressor compresses and discharges the gas. In the refrigeration cycle system, the compressor is responsible for compressing the low-pressure refrigerant gas (refrigerant) into high-pressure gas, and then sending it to the condenser, thereby completing part of the refrigeration cycle.

[0056] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned heat pump system.

[0057] Although the utility model is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A heat pump system, characterized in that: It includes a compressor, a heat exchanger, a condenser and a heating and ventilation air conditioner. The compressor, the heat exchanger and the condenser are connected in sequence to form a loop. The heating and ventilation air conditioner is connected to the compressor and the condenser respectively. The heating and ventilation air conditioner includes a blower with adjustable power. A pump with adjustable speed is provided between the heating and ventilation air conditioner and the condenser.

2. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The HVAC further comprises a heater core, which is connected to a coolant pipeline of the condenser to form a loop, and the pump is arranged between the heater core and the condenser.

3. The heat pump system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The HVAC further includes an evaporator, one end of the evaporator is connected to the compressor, and the other end of the evaporator is used to be connected to the condenser.

4. The heat pump system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The device further includes a first valve disposed between the evaporator and the condenser.

5. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blower includes a power regulator, and the power regulator is used to adjust the power gear of the blower, wherein the power gear of the blower includes a stop gear and a plurality of different preset power gears.

6. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump comprises a speed regulator, and the speed regulator is used to adjust a speed gear of the pump, wherein the speed gear of the pump comprises a plurality of different preset speed gears between 0% and 100%.

7. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further includes a second valve disposed between the heat exchanger and the condenser.

8. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a third valve for hot gas bypass, wherein the third valve is arranged in parallel with the compressor.

9. The heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an exhaust pressure detector, which is arranged at the outlet of the compressor and is used to detect the exhaust pressure of the compressor.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: A heat pump system comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.

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