Electric pile device, control method and control system of electric pile device and related equipment of electric pile device

Abstract

The invention relates to a galvanic pile device, a control method and system of the galvanic pile device and related equipment of the galvanic pile device, and relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production. The galvanic pile device comprises a plurality of clusters connected in parallel; wherein each cluster comprises a plurality of AEM electric piles which are connected in series; the AEM stack comprises a plurality of unit cells connected in series, and each unit cell comprises an electrode material, a catalyst layer and an anion exchange membrane. Based on the galvanic pile device, the efficiency of the galvanic pile device is remarkably improved, so that the galvanic pile device can meet the requirements of large-scale industry and energy markets, and the effects of reducing the cost of the galvanic pile device and expanding the application scene of the galvanic pile device are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, and in particular to a fuel cell device, a control method for the fuel cell device, a control system and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] AEM (Anion Exchange Membrane) is a special polymer electrolyte membrane designed to selectively conduct anions while blocking cations in electrochemical devices. The AEM stack is assembled from multiple unit cells (cells), each of which contains key components such as anion exchange membrane AEM, catalyst layer and porous electrode materials. These unit cells are stacked in an orderly manner and connected by an external circuit so that when direct current is applied, water molecules are efficiently decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen in the stack.

[0003] As the global demand for clean energy increases, the demand for large-scale industrial applications (such as green hydrogen production, energy storage and large-scale hydrogen supply, etc.) is increasing. The current high-power single-electrolyzer design of fuel cell devices is difficult to meet the actual application needs. How to design MW (megawatt)-level fuel cell devices to reduce the cost of fuel cell devices while increasing the power of fuel cell devices to meet the needs of the industrial and energy markets is an urgent problem that needs to be solved.

[0004] Currently, no effective solution has been proposed to address the problems in related technologies such as high cost and low power of fuel cell stack devices, which make it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale industrial and energy markets. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a fuel cell stack device, a control method for the fuel cell stack device, a control system and related equipment, which at least solve the problems in the related art that the fuel cell stack device has high cost, low power and is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale industrial and energy markets.

[0006] In order to solve the above problem, one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery stack device, the battery stack device includes a plurality of clusters connected in parallel; wherein:

[0007] Each cluster includes multiple AEM stacks connected in series;

[0008] The AEM stack includes a plurality of unit cells connected in series, each of which includes electrode materials, a catalyst layer and an anion exchange membrane.

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a control system for a battery stack device, which is used to control the above battery stack device. The control system includes a centralized controller and multiple cluster control units; wherein:

[0010] The centralized controller is connected to multiple cluster control units, and is used to receive the operation data of the AEM stack sent by the cluster control units, and to send control instructions to the cluster control units;

[0011] Each cluster control unit corresponds to a target cluster in the fuel cell device, and is used to start and stop the AEM fuel cell in the target cluster and monitor the operating data of the AEM fuel cell in the target cluster; wherein the target cluster includes at least one cluster, and the operating data includes hydrogen pressure, electrolyte flow rate, fuel cell stack voltage, and fuel cell stack temperature.

[0012] In some of the embodiments, the cluster control unit is connected to each AEM stack in the corresponding target cluster via the CAN network, so as to obtain the operating data of the AEM stack via the CAN network.

[0013] In some of the embodiments, each AEM stack in the target cluster is respectively connected to a valve and a switch;

[0014] The cluster control unit is respectively connected to the valves and switches of each AEM stack in the target cluster, and controls the discharge of the fluid in the AEM stack during the hydrogen production operation based on the opening and closing control of the valves, and controls the start and stop of the AEM stack based on the on-off control of the switches; wherein the valves include water supply valves, electrolyte supply valves and hydrogen discharge valves, and the switches include power switches and / or bypass switches.

[0015] In some of the embodiments, the control system also includes at least one power control unit, one end of which is connected to the centralized controller, and the other end is connected to multiple power supplies, which are used to supply power to the AEM stack.

[0016] In some of the embodiments, the centralized controller is also connected to the cooling system, the frequency converter and the user interaction interface; wherein,

[0017] The centralized controller is connected to the cooling system and is used to send cooling instructions to the cooling system;

[0018] The centralized controller is connected to the frequency converter and is used to send adjustment instructions to the frequency converter to achieve adjustment and control of the water pump, electrolyte pump and / or hydrogen pump corresponding to the AEM stack;

[0019] The centralized controller is connected to the user interaction interface and is used to receive operation instructions input by an operator via the user interaction interface.

[0020] In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method of a battery stack device, which is applied to the control system of any of the above battery stack devices; the method comprises:

[0021] Obtaining a total hydrogen production load corresponding to the stack device and an optimal hydrogen production load of each AEM stack in the stack device, and allocating an initial hydrogen production load to multiple AEM stacks in the stack device based on the total hydrogen production load and the optimal hydrogen production load;

[0022] When the fuel cell device is in a stable hydrogen production state, the operating data of each AEM fuel cell is obtained, and the initial hydrogen production load corresponding to multiple AEM fuel cells is updated based on the mapping relationship between the operating data and the fuel cell working efficiency, the maximum hydrogen production load of the AEM fuel cell and the total hydrogen production load, and the AEM fuel cell is controlled to perform hydrogen production operations according to the updated hydrogen production load.

[0023] In some of these embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0024] The working state of the power supply for supplying power to the AEM stack in the hydrogen production operation is divided into shutdown state, standby state, boost state, stable state, and buck state, and the flow adjustment priority of the electrolyte in the AEM stack under different working states is determined;

[0025] According to the working status of the power supply and the flow adjustment priority, the power supply current and electrolyte flow rate corresponding to the AEM stack in the hydrogen production process are controlled respectively.

[0026] In some of these embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0027] In hydrogen production operation, the fault level corresponding to the target AEM stack is determined based on the real-time operation data of the AEM stack;

[0028] A fault control instruction is generated according to the fault level, and the target AEM stack is controlled according to the fault control instruction; wherein the fault control instruction includes: sending an alarm instruction, reducing the power supply current instruction and stopping the stack operation instruction.

[0029] In some of the embodiments, if the fault control instruction is an instruction to stop the operation of the fuel cell stack, the method further includes:

[0030] Determine the target AEM stack corresponding to the fault control instruction and the cluster to which the target AEM stack belongs;

[0031] The cluster control unit corresponding to the cluster is used to control the power-off of all AEM stacks in the cluster, and the hydrogen production load of the AEM stacks in the remaining clusters in the stack device is adjusted.

[0032] In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory for storing a program, wherein the program includes instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes any one of the above control methods of the battery stack device.

[0033] In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory machine-readable medium storing computer instructions, where the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute any of the above control methods for a battery stack device.

[0034] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention: by designing a battery stack device, the battery stack device includes multiple clusters connected in parallel; wherein each cluster includes multiple AEM battery stacks connected in series; the AEM battery stack includes multiple unit cells connected in series, each unit cell includes electrode materials, catalyst layers and anion exchange membranes, thereby overcoming the problems in the related art of using a high-power single-electrolyzer battery stack device, such as high battery stack device cost, limited power, and difficulty in meeting the needs of large-scale industrial and energy markets, and realizing a battery stack device that first obtains a cluster by connecting multiple AEM battery stacks in series and then connects the multiple clusters in parallel, and constructs a high-power battery stack device based on the connection of small-power AEM battery stacks, thereby reducing the cost of the battery stack device, significantly improving the efficiency of the battery stack device, enabling it to meet the needs of large-scale industrial and energy markets, and expanding the technical effects of the applicable scenarios of the battery stack device.

[0035] The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the following drawings and description so that other features, objects, and advantages of the invention are more readily apparent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic framework diagram of a control system of a fuel cell stack device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a main flow chart of a control method of a fuel cell stack device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the power supply current control for the power supply during the hydrogen production operation in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, which are instead provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] As the global demand for clean energy increases, the need for large-scale industrial applications (such as green hydrogen production, energy storage and large-scale hydrogen supply) is increasing. The current high-power single-electrolyzer design of the fuel cell device has a high cost, limited power increase, and cannot expand capacity, making it difficult to meet actual application needs.

[0044] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery stack device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the stack device includes a plurality of clusters connected in parallel; wherein each cluster includes a plurality of AEM stacks connected in series; the AEM stack includes a plurality of unit cells connected in series, and each unit cell includes an electrode material, a catalyst layer and an anion exchange membrane.

[0045] Through the above-mentioned settings, a megawatt-class stack device can be obtained by using conventional power (or lower power) AEM stacks and combining them, reducing the expensive materials and complex manufacturing processes required for a single high-power stack, thereby reducing the overall cost. Furthermore, the power of a single AEM stack can be increased by adding more series-connected unit cells, and the total power of the entire stack device can be further increased by increasing the number of parallel clusters, thereby achieving modular power expansion. Since the multiple AEM stacks within each cluster are connected in series, this means that the current remains consistent within each cluster, and the voltage can be accumulated, which improves the efficiency of the stack device. The stack device based on the above design can better adapt to application scenarios of different scales, whether it is a small laboratory or large-scale industrial production, which significantly expands the applicable scenarios of the stack device.

[0046] Among them, the electrode materials in the AEM stack provided by the embodiment of the present invention include cathode electrode materials and anode electrode materials. The anion exchange membrane AEM is arranged between the cathode electrode material and the anode electrode material, and the catalyst layer is located on both sides of the anion exchange membrane AEM. Specifically, the anion exchange membrane plays the role of separating the positive and negative poles and allowing anions to pass through; the catalyst contained in the catalyst layer can promote the decomposition reaction of water molecules. Furthermore, a porous electrode material can be arranged on the outside of the catalyst, which can serve as a conduction path for electrons and provide sufficient surface area for water molecules to contact the catalyst.

[0047] At the same time, compared with the proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer technology that uses expensive and rare platinum materials (such as iridium), the AEM (anion exchange membrane) technology only uses standard materials such as steel bipolar plates and polymer membranes to achieve similar efficiency and fast dynamic performance. Especially compared with the alkaline electrolyzer (AEL), it has lower cost and higher efficiency. Therefore, the AEM electrolyzer can be promoted on a large scale in the field of green electricity hydrogen production.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, each cluster (String) in the battery stack device has 10 Stack Modules (Stack Module refers to a battery stack unit including multiple unit cells, i.e., an AEM battery stack), and 6 clusters are connected in parallel to form the above-mentioned battery stack device. In addition, the 6 clusters can be connected to a cluster controller (i.e., the control system of the subsequent battery stack device) to form a CAN network. Each cluster controller can control the valves, switches, and sensors of each cluster in the small cluster network, and can also obtain the operating data of each AEM battery stack through the CAN network.

[0049] According to a specific implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, 10 AEM stacks are connected in series to form a cluster, the voltage of each AEM stack is 40-50VDC (the voltage unit in direct current), the voltage range of one cluster is 400-500VDC, and multiple clusters form a high-power stack device (wherein the specific values ​​are only examples and are not intended to limit the present application). Each cluster can be provided with a control unit, which can be used to perform start and stop control, etc., and is also conducive to the control of the number, cost and efficiency of ACDC power supplies.

[0050] The above-mentioned battery stack device provided in the embodiment of the present invention adopts a battery stack device designed to include multiple clusters connected in parallel; wherein each cluster includes multiple AEM battery stacks connected in series; the AEM battery stack includes multiple unit cells connected in series, and each unit cell includes electrode materials, catalyst layers and anion exchange membranes. This overcomes the problems in the related art of using a high-power single-electrolyzer battery stack device, which results in high battery stack device cost, limited power and difficulty in meeting the needs of large-scale industrial and energy markets. This realizes a battery stack device that first obtains a cluster by connecting multiple AEM battery stacks in series and then connects multiple clusters in parallel. A high-power battery stack device is formed based on the connection of small-power AEM battery stacks, which reduces the cost of the battery stack device and significantly improves the efficiency of the battery stack device, enabling it to meet the needs of large-scale industrial and energy markets and expands the technical effects of the applicable scenarios of the battery stack device.

[0051] On the other hand, the present application obtains a cluster by connecting multiple AEM stacks in series, and then connects multiple clusters in parallel, thereby realizing a high-power (such as megawatt-level) stack device based on a combination design of low-power AEM stacks, reducing the cost of the stack device, significantly improving the efficiency of the stack device, enabling it to meet the needs of large-scale industrial and energy markets, and expanding the technical effects of the applicable scenarios of the stack device. However, the independent operation of multiple stacks can easily lead to uneven load distribution, with some stacks being overloaded while others are not fully utilized, affecting overall efficiency and life. At the same time, changes in market demand and power grid conditions require that the hydrogen production device be able to quickly adjust the hydrogen production rate. How to achieve coordinated control of multiple stacks in a megawatt-level stack device, improve the response rate to adapt to external changes, and how to design fault isolation and rapid recovery mechanisms to ensure the stability and safety of the megawatt-level stack device are also issues that need to be considered in the implementation of the megawatt-level stack device.

[0052] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control system for a battery stack device, which is used to control the above battery stack device, such as Figure 2 As shown, the control system of the battery stack device includes a centralized controller and multiple cluster control units; wherein the centralized controller is connected to the multiple cluster control units, and is used to receive the operating data of the AEM battery stack sent by the cluster control units, and to send control instructions to the cluster control units; each cluster control unit corresponds to a target cluster in the battery stack device, and is used to start and stop the AEM battery stack in the target cluster, and monitor the operating data of the AEM battery stack in the target cluster; wherein the number of clusters included in the target cluster is at least one, and the operating data includes hydrogen pressure, electrolyte flow rate, battery stack voltage, battery stack temperature, hydrogen leakage value, and ambient temperature.

[0053] Through the above-mentioned settings, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control system for a high-power battery stack device composed of multiple AEM battery stacks, and the control system includes an integrated controller and multiple cluster control units. Specifically, the overall control of the entire battery stack device is carried out through the centralized controller, including receiving data from each cluster control unit and issuing control instructions to the cluster control unit; the cluster control unit load connected to the AEM battery stacks in one or more clusters monitors the operating data of these AEM battery stacks, and controls the start and stop of the battery stack according to the instructions of the centralized controller.

[0054] In addition, the integrated controller and multiple cluster control units (multiple cluster control units realize distributed IO control (each cluster is called a control node, with the cluster control unit receiving the scheduling instructions of the centralized controller and feeding back the real-time status, ensuring rapid response and precise control, and realizing distributed IO control). On the one hand, each cluster can be independently controlled, realizing the high dynamic range of the hydrogen production system corresponding to the fuel cell device, and on the other hand, improving the response speed in the control operation), are connected through a high-speed network bus, thereby reducing the number of bus bundles and optimizing the wiring harness layout scheme; accurate and real-time control of the entire system is also realized. According to a specific implementation method of an embodiment of the present invention, the centralized controller, as the core of the control system, adopts the PLC (Programmable Logic Controller, a digital computing and operating electronic system designed for use in industrial environments, widely used in various automation control scenarios) mode, which is convenient for debugging the control program and simple for burning.

[0055] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, PLC-CPU is a centralized controller, P-room is a cluster control unit, E-room is a power control unit, Cooling is a cooling system, VFD (Pump1VFD, Pump2VFD) is a frequency converter, and HMI is a user interaction interface.

[0056] According to a specific implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, a centralized controller is used for unified scheduling to achieve collaborative work between multiple clusters and between battery stacks within a cluster, ensuring balanced load distribution and avoiding overload or waste of resources; at the same time, the real-time monitoring and rapid response mechanism of the centralized controller can adapt to external changes more quickly, such as changes in market demand or grid conditions.

[0057] According to a specific implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, when a fault is detected in a battery stack or cluster, the centralized controller can quickly identify the fault location and isolate the faulty part through instructions, while adjusting the working status of other normal battery stacks to maintain stable operation of the overall system.

[0058] In some of the embodiments, the cluster control unit is connected to each AEM stack in the corresponding target cluster via the CAN network, so as to obtain the operation data of the AEM stack via the CAN network.

[0059] CAN (Controller Area Network) supports high-speed data transmission, enables fast data exchange, and ensures the response speed of the control system. The CAN network has a simple structure, is easy to install and maintain, and reduces the maintenance cost of the control system. Through the CAN network, the cluster control unit can obtain the operating data of each AEM stack in real time (including key indicators such as hydrogen flow rate, hydrogen pressure level, and stack temperature), so that it can accurately control the working status of each AEM stack and ensure the stable operation of the entire stack device. Through the above settings, the control effect on the stack device is guaranteed.

[0060] According to a specific implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, by monitoring the operating status of each AEM stack, the cluster control unit can coordinate the load distribution between the stacks to avoid overload or waste of resources and improve the overall efficiency; at the same time, once an abnormality is detected in a certain AEM stack, the cluster control unit can respond quickly, report the fault information to the centralized controller through the CAN network, and take corresponding isolation or recovery measures according to the instructions.

[0061] In some of the embodiments, each AEM stack in the target cluster is connected to a valve and a switch respectively; the cluster control unit is connected to the valve and the switch of each AEM stack in the target cluster respectively, and the discharge of the fluid in the AEM stack is controlled during the hydrogen production operation based on the opening and closing control of the valve, and the start and stop control of the AEM stack is achieved based on the on-off control of the switch; wherein the valves include water valves, electrolyte valves and hydrogen valves, and the switches include power switches and / or bypass switches.

[0062] Among them, the above-mentioned water valve provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be divided into a water input valve (used to control the water input inside the AEM stack to ensure the supply of water (raw material for electrolysis hydrogen production reaction)) and a water discharge valve (used to control the discharge of water inside the AEM stack to avoid excessive pressure or overflow caused by too much water). The electrolyte valve includes an electrolyte input valve (used to control the flow of electrolyte into the stack, the electrolyte usually contains conductive ions, which can promote the decomposition of water molecules inside the stack) and an electrolyte discharge valve (discharge the electrolyte inside the stack when necessary, such as when maintaining or replacing the electrolyte). Hydrogen valve: used to control the discharge of hydrogen to ensure the safe discharge and recycling of hydrogen; by controlling the water valve and the electrolyte valve, the resources inside the stack can be effectively managed to avoid unnecessary waste. Power switch: used to control the power on and off of the stack to start and stop the stack. Bypass switch: used to isolate the stack from the system when the stack fails or needs maintenance, without affecting the normal operation of other stacks.

[0063] Through the above settings, through the precise control of valves and switches, effective management of the fluid inside the fuel cell stack can be achieved to ensure that the fuel cell stack is in the best working state; by controlling the hydrogen valve, the safe discharge of hydrogen can be ensured to avoid potential safety hazards. According to a specific implementation of an embodiment of the present invention, when it is necessary to adjust the working state of the AEM fuel cell stack, the rapid on and off of the switch can respond quickly to start and stop the fuel cell stack; when an AEM fuel cell stack encounters a fault, the bypass switch can be used to quickly isolate the faulty fuel cell stack when the fault occurs, avoid the spread of the fault, and ensure the overall stability and safety of the system; when the AEM fuel cell stack needs to be maintained or replaced, the AEM fuel cell stack to be maintained or replaced can be isolated by turning off the power switch and opening the bypass switch to facilitate maintenance operations.

[0064] In some of the embodiments, the control system further includes at least one power control unit, one end of which is connected to the centralized controller, and the other end of which is connected to a plurality of power supplies, which are used to supply power to the AEM stack.

[0065] The electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen by the AEM stack requires an external power supply. Through the above settings, the power control unit can dynamically adjust the power supply through the instructions of the centralized controller to ensure load balancing between different clusters and improve the efficiency of the overall system. Specifically, by connecting the power supply through the power control unit to achieve control and management of the power supply, it is possible to ensure that the AEM stack obtains a temperature-reliable power supply, and it is also possible to reasonably allocate the power supply to ensure that each AEM stack operates in the best working state, which meets the power requirements of different AEM stacks and helps to improve energy utilization efficiency. In addition, when it is necessary to increase the number of AEM stacks arranged in the stack device or increase the total power, flexible expansion can be achieved by increasing the power supply and adjusting the configuration of the power control unit, which further improves the control effect on the stack device and expands the applicable scenarios of the stack device.

[0066] In some of the embodiments, the centralized controller is also connected to a cooling system, a frequency converter and a user interaction interface; wherein the centralized controller is connected to the cooling system for sending cooling instructions to the cooling system; the centralized controller is connected to the frequency converter for sending adjustment instructions to the frequency converter to achieve adjustment control of the water pump, electrolyte pump and / or hydrogen pump corresponding to the AEM stack; the centralized controller is connected to the user interaction interface for receiving operation instructions input by the operator via the user interaction interface.

[0067] Through the above settings, by sending cooling instructions to the cooling system, the centralized controller can monitor the temperature of the stack in real time, and adjust the operating status of the cooling system as needed to ensure that the stack is within the optimal operating temperature range; at the same time, according to the actual operating data of the AEM stack, the centralized controller can adjust the output power of the cooling system to minimize the energy consumption of the cooling system. By sending adjustment instructions to the frequency converter through the centralized controller, the speed of the water pump, electrolyte pump and / or hydrogen pump can be adjusted, thereby controlling the discharge rate of the fluid in the AEM stack, wherein the frequency converter can quickly respond to the instructions of the centralized controller, realize smooth adjustment of the pump, and improve the response speed and control accuracy of the system. Based on the user interaction interface, the operator can intuitively view the operating status of each AEM stack in the stack device and perform simple operations such as start-stop control, parameter setting, etc.; the user interaction interface can display real-time data and historical records to help operators better obtain the operation status of the stack and perform data analysis, which is helpful for the maintenance of the system and stack device.

[0068] The control system of the above-mentioned battery stack device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is connected to multiple cluster control units through a centralized controller, and is used to receive the operation data of the AEM battery stack sent by the cluster control unit, and to send control instructions to the cluster control unit; each cluster control unit corresponds to the target cluster in the battery stack device, and is used to start and stop the AEM battery stack in the target cluster, and monitor the operation data of the AEM battery stack in the target cluster; wherein the number of clusters included in the target cluster is at least one, and the operation data includes hydrogen pressure, electrolyte flow rate, battery stack voltage, battery stack temperature, hydrogen leakage value, and ambient temperature. It overcomes the problem that the high-power battery stack device composed of multiple AEM battery stacks is prone to uneven load distribution due to the independent operation of multiple battery stacks, which affects the overall efficiency and life; it is difficult to achieve coordinated control of multiple battery stacks in a high-power battery stack device, resulting in low stability and safety of the battery stack device, affecting the implementation of the battery stack device, and achieving the technical effect of improving the coordinated control effect of the battery stack device, which helps to ensure the stable operation of the entire battery stack device and expand the applicable scenarios of the battery stack device.

[0069] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a control method of a battery stack device, which is applied to the control system of any of the above battery stack devices; Figure 3 As shown, the control method of the battery stack device includes:

[0070] Step S301, obtain the total hydrogen production load corresponding to the fuel cell device and the optimal hydrogen production load of each AEM fuel cell in the fuel cell device, and allocate initial hydrogen production loads to multiple AEM fuel cells in the fuel cell device based on the total hydrogen production load and the optimal hydrogen production load.

[0071] Through the above settings, based on the centralized controller and cluster controller in the above control system, by allocating an initial hydrogen production load close to its optimal hydrogen production load to each AEM stack, the stack load balance in the stack device can be ensured, which helps to maximize the utilization of the AEM stack's production capacity, reduce resource waste, reduce the loss of the AEM stack, and extend the service life of the AEM stack. Through load balancing control, the efficiency of the entire stack device can be significantly improved.

[0072] In the load distribution process, intelligent algorithms (such as genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization, etc.) can be used to calculate how to optimally distribute the total hydrogen production load to each AEM stack to ensure that each stack operates as close to its optimal hydrogen production load as possible.

[0073] Step S302, when the fuel cell device is in a stable hydrogen production state, the operating data of each AEM fuel cell is obtained, and the initial hydrogen production load corresponding to the multiple AEM fuel cells is updated based on the mapping relationship between the operating data and the fuel cell working efficiency, the maximum hydrogen production load of the AEM fuel cell and the total hydrogen production load, and the AEM fuel cell is controlled to perform hydrogen production operations according to the updated hydrogen production load.

[0074] During the operation of the fuel cell stack, the load distribution of the fuel cell stack is dynamically adjusted according to the actual operating conditions and changes in external demand to maintain load balance. Specifically, by real-time monitoring of the operating data of each AEM fuel cell stack and adjusting the working state of the fuel cell stack according to these data, it can be ensured that the fuel cell stack always operates at the most efficient working point; by updating the hydrogen production load, it can be ensured that the load between the fuel cells is more balanced to avoid overload or waste of resources; when the fuel cell stack device is in a stable state, by quickly adjusting the working state of the fuel cell stack, the system's response speed to changes in demand can be improved. Through the above settings, by adjusting the hydrogen production load based on the mapping relationship between the operating data and the working efficiency of the fuel cell stack, multiple fuel cells in the megawatt-level AEM fuel cell stack device can be effectively managed and optimized to ensure that the system can operate stably and efficiently, while improving the adaptability to external changes and the overall safety of the system.

[0075] In some of the embodiments, the method further includes: dividing the working state of the power supply that supplies power to the AEM stack during the hydrogen production operation into a shutdown state, a standby state, a boost state, a stable state, and a step-down state, and determining the flow adjustment priority of the electrolyte in the AEM stack under different working states; according to the working state and the flow adjustment priority of the power supply, respectively controlling the power supply current and electrolyte flow corresponding to the AEM stack during the hydrogen production process.

[0076] By adjusting the electrolyte flow rate according to the working state of the power supply, the working state of the battery stack can be better matched, the load balance between the battery stacks can be ensured, and the AEM battery stack can operate efficiently under different working states. Among them, the priority of the electrolyte flow adjustment is determined according to different working states. For example, in the boost state, the electrolyte flow rate may need to be increased to match the increase in current, while in the buck state, the electrolyte flow rate may need to be reduced. Through the above settings, the stability and safety of the control system can be improved, ensuring that the battery stack device can operate stably and efficiently.

[0077] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the AEM stack hydrogen production process includes a shutdown stage (Stop), a standby stage (Stand by), a boost stage (Ramp up), a stable hydrogen production stage (Steady), and a ramp down stage (Ramp down). For any AEM stack hydrogen production operation of the stack device, the control method includes: in the shutdown stage, the power supply is controlled not to output; in the standby stage, the power supply is controlled to start, but no current is output, and the electrolyte is driven to input; in the boost stage, the power supply is controlled to pressurize and release the pressure according to a preset number of times and then boost the voltage to a rated value along a certain boost ratio; in the stable hydrogen production stage, the power supply is controlled to supply power to the AEM stack according to the rated value; in the ramp down stage, the power supply is controlled to reduce the input current according to a preset step-down ratio, and the power supply is controlled to shut down after the input current drops to 0.

[0078] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, each cluster controller follows Figure 4The state machine shown (reflecting several stages in the hydrogen production process) is executed. After the power supply is powered on, the default state is Stop, and the power supply does not output at this time; when hydrogen production is started, it first enters the Stand by state, at which the power supply is turned on, but the output current is 0, and then after the delay detection, there is no fault, and the electrolyte starts to flow in the pipeline; then it enters the Ramp up state, at this time, after several pressurization and pressure relief, the current finally rises rapidly to the rated value, and then it will enter the Steady state, which is a stable hydrogen production state. The system has the highest hydrogen production efficiency in this state. When receiving a stop hydrogen production instruction or a non-emergency fault occurs, the relevant cluster will reduce the current at a certain slope, enter the Ramp down state, and then enter the Stand by and Stop states in turn. In the process of executing the hydrogen production program according to the state, it is necessary to control the flow of the electrolyte and the release of low-purity hydrogen at the same time. When multiple clusters are controlled, different clusters will be in different states. At this time, the electrolyte flow corresponding to each state is different. According to the different flow resistances of the stack in different states, the priority is adjusted according to the priority of 4, 3, 5, 2, and 1. The entire control system is divided into emergency fault and general fault level 1 alarm. Emergency fault directly cuts off the power, including the main power supply and control power supply; general fault executes Ramp down logic; alarm is only for prompting. In order to ensure that the electrolyte is at the optimal working temperature, the control of the cooling system also needs to be connected to the control system through communication to ensure the efficient operation of the system.

[0079] In some of the embodiments, the above method also includes: in the hydrogen production operation, determining the fault level corresponding to the target AEM stack based on the real-time operating data of the AEM stack; generating a fault control instruction according to the fault level, and controlling the target AEM stack according to the fault control instruction; wherein the fault control instruction includes: sending an alarm instruction, reducing the power supply current instruction and stopping the stack operation instruction.

[0080] Based on the monitoring of real-time operation data, potential faults or abnormal conditions can be discovered in a timely manner. Combined with the automated fault detection and response mechanism, the system downtime can be effectively reduced and the stability and reliability of the entire fuel cell device and control system can be improved. Through the above settings, the operating efficiency and safety of the AEM fuel cell system can be significantly improved, maintenance costs can be reduced, and more reliable technical support can be provided for hydrogen production operations.

[0081] In some of the embodiments, if the fault control instruction is an instruction to stop the operation of the fuel cell stack, the above method also includes: determining the target AEM fuel cell stack corresponding to the fault control instruction, and the cluster corresponding to the target AEM fuel cell stack; performing power-off control on all AEM fuel cells in the cluster through the cluster control unit corresponding to the cluster, and adjusting the hydrogen production load of the AEM fuel cells in the remaining clusters in the fuel cell stack device.

[0082] Through the above settings, the faulty AEM stack is powered off and isolated, and the hydrogen production load is adjusted (redistributed) for the remaining AEM stacks, which improves the safety of the overall system, helps to ensure the continuity of the hydrogen production process, optimizes resource allocation, simplifies the fault handling process, and improves system flexibility.

[0083] The control method of the above-mentioned fuel cell device provided in the embodiment of the present invention adopts the method of obtaining the total hydrogen production load corresponding to the fuel cell device and the optimal hydrogen production load of each AEM fuel cell in the fuel cell device, and allocates the initial hydrogen production load to multiple AEM fuel cells in the fuel cell device based on the total hydrogen production load and the optimal hydrogen production load; when the fuel cell device is in a stable hydrogen production state, the operating data of each AEM fuel cell is obtained, and the initial hydrogen production load corresponding to the multiple AEM fuel cells is updated based on the mapping relationship between the operating data and the fuel cell working efficiency, the maximum hydrogen production load of the AEM fuel cell and the total hydrogen production load. The technical means of controlling the AEM fuel cell to perform the hydrogen production operation according to the updated hydrogen production load achieves the technical effect of improving the coordinated control effect of the fuel cell device, which helps to ensure the stable operation of the entire fuel cell device and expand the applicable scenarios of the fuel cell device.

[0084] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-transitory machine-readable medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor of a computer, is used to cause the computer to execute the method of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, including a computer program, wherein the computer program is used to make the computer perform the method of the embodiment of the present invention when executed by a processor of the computer. The computer program product should be understood as a software product that mainly implements the above method of the present application through a computer program.

[0086] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory in communication with the at least one processor. The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and when the computer program is executed by the at least one processor, the electronic device executes the method of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] refer to Figure 5, a block diagram of an electronic device that can be used as a server or client of an embodiment of the present invention will now be described, which is an example of a hardware device that can be applied to various aspects of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital electronic computer devices, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workbenches, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or required herein.

[0088] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device includes a computing unit 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 502 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 508 into a random access memory (RAM) 503. In the RAM 503, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device can also be stored. The computing unit 501, the ROM 502, and the RAM 503 are connected to each other via a bus 504. An input / output (I / O) interface 505 is also connected to the bus 504.

[0089] Multiple components in the electronic device are connected to the I / O interface 505, including: an input unit 506, an output unit 507, a storage unit 508, and a communication unit 509. The input unit 506 can be any type of device that can input information to the electronic device, and the input unit 506 can receive input digital or character information, and generate key signal input related to user settings and / or function control of the electronic device. The output unit 507 can be any type of device that can present information, and can include but is not limited to a display, a speaker, a video / audio output terminal, a vibrator, and / or a printer. The storage unit 508 can include but is not limited to a disk, an optical disk. The communication unit 509 allows the electronic device to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks, and can include but is not limited to a modem, a network card, an infrared communication device, and / or a wireless communication transceiver, such as a Bluetooth device, a WiFi device, a WiMax device, a cellular communication device, and / or the like.

[0090] The computing unit 501 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 501 include, but are not limited to, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing units, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any appropriate processors, controllers, microcontrollers, etc. The computing unit 501 performs the various methods and processes described above. For example, in some embodiments, the method embodiments of the present invention may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage unit 508. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on an electronic device via a ROM 502 and / or a communication unit 509. In some embodiments, the computing unit 501 may be configured to perform the above-described method in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0091] The computer programs for implementing the methods of the embodiments of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer programs are executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer programs may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine as a stand-alone software package and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0092] In the context of an embodiment of the present invention, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or equipment. A machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable signal medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or infrared systems, devices, or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media may include electrical connections based on one or more lines, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0093] It should be noted that the term "including" and its variations used in the embodiments of the present invention are open inclusions, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". The modifications of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0094] The data involved in the embodiments of the present invention (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions, and provide corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0095] The various steps described in the method implementation methods provided in the embodiments of the present invention may be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. In addition, the method implementation methods may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited in this respect.

[0096] The term "embodiment" in this specification refers to specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment that can be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor does it mean that it is mutually exclusive with other embodiments and is independent or optional. The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments refer to each other. In particular, for the device, equipment, and system embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0097] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A battery stack device, characterized in that: The battery stack device includes a plurality of clusters connected in parallel; wherein, Each of the clusters includes a plurality of AEM stacks connected in series; The AEM stack includes a plurality of unit cells connected in series, each of which includes an electrode material, a catalyst layer and an anion exchange membrane.

2. A control system for a battery stack device, characterized in that: Applicable to controlling the battery stack device according to claim 1, the control system comprises a centralized controller and a plurality of cluster control units; wherein, The centralized controller is connected to the plurality of cluster control units, and is used to receive the operation data of the AEM stack sent by the cluster control units, and to send control instructions to the cluster control units; Each of the cluster control units corresponds to a target cluster in the battery stack device, and is used to start and stop the AEM battery stack in the target cluster and monitor the operating data of the AEM battery stack in the target cluster; wherein the number of clusters included in the target cluster is at least one, and the operating data includes hydrogen pressure, electrolyte flow rate, battery stack voltage, and battery stack temperature.

3. The control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cluster control unit is connected to each AEM stack in the corresponding target cluster via the CAN network, so as to obtain the operation data of the AEM stack via the CAN network.

4. The control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each AEM stack in the target cluster is connected to a valve and a switch respectively; The cluster control unit is respectively connected to the valves and switches of each AEM stack in the target cluster, and controls the discharge of the fluid in the AEM stack during the hydrogen production operation based on the opening and closing control of the valves, and controls the start and stop of the AEM stack based on the on-off control of the switches; wherein the valves include water supply valves, electrolyte supply valves and hydrogen discharge valves, and the switches include power switches and / or bypass switches.

5. The control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control system also includes at least one power control unit, one end of which is connected to the centralized controller, and the other end is connected to multiple power supplies, and the power supplies are used to supply power to the AEM stack.

6. The control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The centralized controller is also connected to the cooling system, the frequency converter and the user interaction interface; wherein, The centralized controller is connected to the cooling system and is used to send cooling instructions to the cooling system; The centralized controller is connected to the frequency converter and is used to send adjustment instructions to the frequency converter to achieve adjustment and control of the water pump, electrolyte pump and / or hydrogen pump corresponding to the AEM stack; The centralized controller is connected to the user interaction interface and is used to receive operation instructions input by an operator via the user interaction interface.

7. A control method for a battery stack device, characterized in that: A control system for a battery stack device according to any one of claims 2 to 6; the method comprising: Obtaining a total hydrogen production load corresponding to a fuel cell device and an optimal hydrogen production load of each AEM fuel cell in the fuel cell device, and allocating initial hydrogen production loads to multiple AEM fuel cells in the fuel cell device based on the total hydrogen production load and the optimal hydrogen production load; When the fuel cell stack device is in a stable hydrogen production state, the operating data of each AEM fuel cell stack is obtained, and the initial hydrogen production load corresponding to the multiple AEM fuel cell stacks is updated based on the mapping relationship between the operating data and the fuel cell stack working efficiency, the maximum hydrogen production load of the AEM fuel cell stack and the total hydrogen production load, and the AEM fuel cell stack is controlled to perform hydrogen production operations according to the updated hydrogen production load.

8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Divide the working state of the power supply that supplies power to the AEM stack during the hydrogen production operation into shutdown state, standby state, boost state, stable state, and buck state, and determine the flow adjustment priority of the electrolyte in the AEM stack under different working states; According to the working status of the power supply and the flow adjustment priority, the power supply current and electrolyte flow rate corresponding to the AEM stack during the hydrogen production process are controlled respectively.

9. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises: In a hydrogen production operation, determining a fault level corresponding to a target AEM stack based on real-time operating data of the AEM stack; A fault control instruction is generated according to the fault level, and the target AEM stack is controlled according to the fault control instruction; wherein the fault control instruction includes: sending an alarm instruction, reducing the power supply current instruction and stopping the stack operation instruction.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: If the fault control instruction is an instruction to stop the operation of the fuel cell stack, the method further includes: Determine a target AEM stack corresponding to the fault control instruction, and a cluster to which the target AEM stack belongs; The cluster control unit corresponding to the cluster is used to control the power-off of all AEM stacks in the cluster, and the hydrogen production load of the AEM stacks in the remaining clusters in the stack device is adjusted.

11. An electronic device, comprising: A processor, and a memory storing a program, wherein the program comprises instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 7 to 10.

12. A non-transitory machine-readable medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that: The computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 7-10.

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