Combined side bearing and side bearing assembly
Through the combined side bearing design, the special arrangement and adjustment of the parallel structure and rubber body are used to solve the problems of permanent deformation and slewing resistance moment stability of the elastic side bearing, and improve the vehicle's operating performance and maintenance efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420199853.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-26
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing elastic side bearings have permanent compression deformation and poor stability of the slewing friction resistance moment, which affects the vehicle's operating effect and maintenance cost.
The combined side bearing design adopts a combination of side bearing, including side bearing body, inner rubber body, partition plate, outer rubber body and compression spring. The compressive stress of the rubber body is reduced through the parallel structure, and the arrangement direction and angle of the rubber body are adjusted to form a V-shaped Structure and through-holes to improve longitudinal and transverse stiffness and reduce permanent deformation.
Effectively suppress bogie snake movement, improve the critical speed and stability of the vehicle, reduce operating and maintenance costs, and extend the life cycle of the side bearing.
Smart Images
Figure CN222272062U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of side bearings, and in particular to a combined side bearing and a side bearing assembly. Background Art
[0002] Rail vehicles generally include car bodies, bogies, brake devices, coupler buffer devices and other components. Among them, the bogie supports the car body through elastic side bearings and center plates, guides the vehicle to travel along the track, and bears various loads from the car body and the track. There are two main types of side bearings: rigid side bearings and elastic side bearings. Among them, the elastic side bearings produce a predetermined amount of compression after the car body is completed, forming a support for the car body and bearing a certain load. When the vehicle is running, the elastic side bearings, on the one hand, provide a certain support force to prevent the car body from tipping over and rolling, and on the other hand, generate friction resistance with the contact surface of the side bearings on the car body and form a rotational resistance torque to suppress the shaking movement of the vehicle, ensure the appropriate rotational resistance torque between the bogie and the car body, slow down the snaking movement of the vehicle, and improve the stability and critical speed of the vehicle.
[0003] However, due to the characteristics of the rubber material itself, the elastic side bearing has permanent compression deformation, the stability of the rotational friction resistance torque, and the setting of the anisotropic stiffness, which are the key performances of the elastic side bearing and directly affect the operation performance of the vehicle. Utility Model Content
[0004] The present application provides a combined side bearing and a side bearing assembly for improving the performance of the side bearing.
[0005] In a first aspect, a combined side bearing is provided, the combined side bearing comprising: a side bearing upper body, and side bearing branches arranged on opposite sides of the side bearing upper body; wherein:
[0006] Each side bearing branch comprises: an inner rubber body fixedly connected to the side wall of the side bearing upper body, a partition fixedly connected to the inner rubber body, and an outer rubber body fixedly connected to the partition; and an end plate fixedly connected to the outer rubber body; wherein the inner rubber body, the partition, the outer rubber body and the end plate are arranged in sequence in a direction away from the side bearing upper body; and in a direction away from the side bearing upper body, the inner rubber body is staggered with the side bearing upper body, the outer rubber body is staggered with the inner rubber body, and the side bearing upper body, the inner rubber body and the outer rubber body are gradually reduced in height direction;
[0007] It also includes a compression spring, one side of which is pressed against the side bearing upper body, and the other side of which is used to press against a side bearing box for accommodating the combined side bearing.
[0008] In the above technical solution, after the car body is completed, when the side bearing upper body is compressed downward, the side bearing upper body squeezes the inner rubber body and the outer rubber body, and then squeezes the end plate outward, which can eliminate the longitudinal gap between the elastic side bearing and the side bearing box, so that when the car body moves in the horizontal direction, it can provide a rotational friction resistance torque and maintain stability, effectively suppress the snaking movement of the bogie, and increase the critical speed; by connecting the compression spring and the rubber spring in parallel, the compressive stress of the rubber body is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the permanent deformation of the side bearing, making the side bearing gap more stable during the life cycle, and reducing the vehicle operation and maintenance costs.
[0009] In a specific possible implementation manner, the arrangement direction of the inner rubber body, the partition, the outer rubber body and the end plate is inclined relative to the center line of the side bearing upper body; wherein,
[0010] The angle between the arrangement direction of the inner rubber body, the partition, the outer rubber body and the end plate and the center line of the side bearing upper body is between 3° and 45°.
[0011] In a specific possible implementation manner, the inner rubber body and the outer rubber body are both V-shaped structures, and the opening direction of the V-shaped structure faces the side bearing upper body.
[0012] In a specific possible implementation manner, the angle of the V-shaped structure is between 90° and 150°.
[0013] In a specific possible implementation manner, the inner rubber body and the outer rubber body are respectively provided with through holes for adjusting the stiffness.
[0014] In a specific possible implementation manner, the side bearing upper body is a hollow structure, and the compression spring portion is located in the hollow cavity of the side bearing upper body.
[0015] In a specific possible implementation manner, a boss is provided in the hollow cavity of the side bearing upper body; one end of the compression spring is sleeved on the boss.
[0016] In a specific possible implementation manner, it further includes a side bearing wear plate, and the side bearing wear plate is fixed to the side bearing upper body.
[0017] In a specific possible implementation manner, the side bearing wear plate is provided with a through hole, and the side bearing upper body is provided with a protrusion that is clamped in the through hole.
[0018] In a second aspect, a side bearing assembly is provided, the side bearing assembly comprising a side bearing box and any one of the above-mentioned combined side bearings located in the side bearing box; wherein:
[0019] The two end plates are respectively pressed against two opposite side walls of the side bearing box;
[0020] One end of the compression spring is pressed against the bottom plate of the side bearing box.
[0021] In the above technical solution, after the car body is completed, when the side bearing upper body is compressed downward, the side bearing upper body squeezes the inner rubber body and the outer rubber body, and then squeezes the end plate outward, which can eliminate the longitudinal gap between the elastic side bearing and the side bearing box, so that when the car body moves in the horizontal direction, it can provide a rotational friction resistance torque and maintain stability, effectively suppress the snaking movement of the bogie, and increase the critical speed; by connecting the compression spring and the rubber spring in parallel, the compressive stress of the rubber body is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the permanent deformation of the side bearing, making the side bearing gap more stable during the life cycle, and reducing the vehicle operation and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a combined side bearing provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a combined side bearing provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another angle of the combined side support provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0025] Reference numerals: side bearing upper body 10, protrusion 11, boss 12, side bearing branch 20, inner rubber body 21, first through hole 211, partition plate 22, outer rubber body 23, second through hole 231, end plate 24, side bearing wear plate 30, through hole 31, compression spring 40 DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0027] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of this specification should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in one or more embodiments of this specification do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0028] To facilitate understanding of a combined side bearing provided in an embodiment of the present application, its application scenario is first described. A combined side bearing provided in an embodiment of the present application is applied to rail vehicles. Current side bearings have large permanent deformation of elastic parts after compression, which affects the amount of compression and the supporting force provided by the elastic side bearings during operation. For this reason, an embodiment of the present application provides a combined side bearing to improve the performance of the side bearings. The following is a detailed description of it in conjunction with specific drawings and embodiments.
[0029] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a combined side bearing provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 2 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of a combined side bearing provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The embodiment of the present application provides a combined side bearing, the main structure of which includes a side bearing upper body 10 and side bearing branches 20 arranged on opposite sides of the side bearing upper body 10. There are two side bearing branches 20, and the two side bearing branches 20 are symmetrically arranged along the vertical center line of the side bearing upper body 10. In addition, when the side bearing branches 20 are arranged in a row, each side bearing branch 20 extends obliquely downward relative to the vertical center line of the side bearing upper body 10 in a direction away from the side bearing upper body 10. In addition, the combined side bearing also includes a compression spring 40. In one embodiment, the compression spring 40 can be a metal spring, such as a steel spring. The length direction of the compression spring 40 is parallel to the center line of the side bearing upper body 10. When it is fixed, one side of the compression spring 40 presses against the side bearing upper body 10, and the other side is used to press against the side bearing box for accommodating the combined side bearing. In addition, when the combined side bearing is placed in the side bearing box, the two side bearing branches 20 are pressed against two opposite side walls of the side bearing box respectively, so that the two side bearing branches 20 are pressed against the side walls of the side bearing box as two supporting legs, so as to provide oblique support through the two side bearing branches 20.
[0030] Continue to refer Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , each side bearing branch 20 includes an inner rubber body 21, a partition 22, an outer rubber body 23 and an end plate 24. The inner rubber body 21, the partition 22, the outer rubber body 23 and the end plate 24 are arranged in sequence in a direction away from the side bearing upper body 10. Figure 2 As shown in , in the direction away from the side bearing upper body 10, the inner rubber body 21 is staggered with the side bearing upper body 10, and the outer rubber body 23 is staggered with the inner rubber body 21, and the side bearing upper body 10, the inner rubber body 21 and the outer rubber body 23 are gradually reduced in height direction. A staggered arrangement with gradually reduced height is formed in a step-like manner, so that the above-mentioned side bearing branches 20 are arranged in a manner of obliquely downward along the center line away from the side bearing upper body 10.
[0031] When the inner rubber body 21, the partition 22, the outer rubber body 23 and the end plate 24 form the side bearing branch 20, the inner rubber body 21 is adjacent to the side bearing upper body 10 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the side bearing upper body 10. The specific connection method between the two can be fixedly connected by rubber vulcanization. The partition 22 is fixedly connected to the inner rubber body 21. The specific connection method can also be fixedly connected by vulcanization. That is, the two ends of the inner rubber body 21 in the horizontal direction are fixedly connected to the side bearing upper body 10 and the partition 22 respectively. The outer rubber body 23 is located on the side of the partition 22 away from the inner rubber body 21, that is, the partition 22 is located between the outer rubber body 23 and the inner rubber body 21. The outer rubber body 23 is fixedly connected to the partition 22. The specific connection method is the same as the connection method between the inner rubber body 21 and the partition 22, which will not be repeated here. The end plate 24 is located at the outermost side of the side bearing branch 20 and is fixedly connected to the outer rubber body 23. That is, the two ends of the outer rubber body 23 in the horizontal direction are respectively fixedly connected to the partition plate 22 and the end plate 24. The specific fixing method is also fixedly connected by vulcanization.
[0032] When the vehicle body is completed, when the side bearing upper body 10 is compressed downward, the side bearing upper body 10 squeezes the inner rubber body 21 and the outer rubber body 23, and then squeezes the end plate 24 outward, which can eliminate the longitudinal gap between the elastic side bearing and the side bearing box and improve the performance of the side bearing.
[0033] In a specific solution, the arrangement direction of the inner rubber body 21, the partition 22, the outer rubber body 23 and the end plate 24 is inclined relative to the center line of the side bearing upper body 10, that is, an inclined side bearing branch 20 is formed. When specifically inclined, the angle α between the arrangement direction of the inner rubber body 21, the partition 22, the outer rubber body 23 and the end plate 24 and the center line of the side bearing upper body 10 is between 3° and 45°. Exemplarily, the angle is 3°, 15°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 45° and other different angles. When the angle is specifically set, the vertical stiffness and horizontal stiffness ratio of the elastic side bearing can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the above angle according to the different stiffness requirements of different vehicle models to meet the application requirements. Exemplarily, when the angle α is large, its vertical stiffness increases and the horizontal stiffness decreases; when the angle is reduced, its vertical stiffness decreases and the horizontal stiffness increases.
[0034] The height difference between the bottom surface of the side bearing upper body 10 and the bottom surface of the end plate 24 is the total stroke of the side bearing. When the height difference is 0, a rigid stop is formed to prevent the vehicle body from further rolling over, thus playing a role in safety protection.
[0035] For reference Figure 3 , Figure 3A cross-sectional view of the combined side bearing at another angle is shown. When the side bearing branch 20 is specifically set, the inner rubber body 21 and the outer rubber body 23 are both V-shaped structures, and the opening direction of the V-shaped structure is toward the side bearing upper body 10. That is, the inner rubber body 21, the partition 22, and the outer rubber body 23 are all V-shaped structures. When the three are arranged, a nested arrangement of the V-shaped structure is formed, forming an arrangement similar to "》". The end plate 24 is also a V-shaped structure, but its end face that cooperates with the side bearing box is a plane to ensure that it has sufficient contact area with the side wall of the side bearing box. When a V-shaped structure is adopted, the longitudinal and lateral stiffness can be adjusted to meet the different stiffness requirements of various types of vehicles.
[0036] Exemplarily, the angle of the V-shaped structure is between 90° and 150°. Specifically, the angle can be 90°, 100°, 120°, 130°, 150°, and other different angles. When setting the angle, different angles can be adjusted as needed to meet different stiffness requirements. When setting the angle, the larger the angle, the greater the ratio of vertical to horizontal stiffness.
[0037] In addition, in order to adjust the rigidity, through holes for adjusting the rigidity may be provided on the inner rubber body 21 and the outer rubber body 23, respectively. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the through hole on the inner rubber body 21 is named as the first through hole 211, and the through hole on the outer rubber body 23 is named as the second through hole 231. When adjusting the rigidity of the combined side bearing, the sizes of the first through hole 211 and the second through hole 231 can be adjusted as needed. The larger the through hole, the smaller the rigidity.
[0038] In an implementable solution, the angles of the inner rubber body 21 and the outer rubber body 23 as well as the through holes thereon can be adjusted synchronously to meet the rigidity requirement.
[0039] In view of the different stiffness requirements of different vehicle models, the ratio of the longitudinal stiffness and the lateral stiffness of the elastic side bearing can be adjusted by adjusting the V-shaped structure angle and the size of the through hole to meet the application needs.
[0040] When the compression spring 40 is provided, the side bearing upper body 10 is a hollow structure, and the compression spring 40 is partially located in the hollow cavity of the side bearing upper body 10. The deformation direction of the compression spring 40 is limited by the side wall of the side bearing upper body 10 to ensure that its deformation direction is along the vertical direction, so that the compression spring 40 can provide support in the vertical direction. Due to the characteristics of the rubber material, the height of the side bearing will gradually become shorter under the pressure-holding state. The compression spring 40 is provided in the hollow cavity of the side bearing upper body 10 to provide vertical force together with the rubber body to reduce the compressive stress of the rubber body, which can effectively reduce the compression permanent deformation of the side bearing and thus extend the product life.
[0041] As an optional solution, a boss 12 is provided in the hollow cavity of the side bearing upper body 10; one end of the compression spring 40 is sleeved on the boss 12. The boss 12 can also cooperate to limit the deformation direction of the compression spring 40. When the boss 12 is used, it can be nested in the compression spring 40 to complete the pre-installation of the compression spring 40, so as to facilitate the placement of the entire combined side bearing in the side bearing box. In addition, when the compression spring 40 is deformed, the boss 12 located in the compression spring 40 can also limit the deformation direction of the compression spring 40 to ensure that the deformation direction of the compression spring 40 is along the vertical direction.
[0042] Continue to refer Figure 1 The combined side bearing provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a side bearing wear plate 30, and the side bearing wear plate 30 is fixed to the side bearing upper body 10. The side bearing wear plate 30 is used to contact the side bearing wear plate on the vehicle body. The side bearing upper body 10 is prevented from directly contacting the vehicle body and wearing the side bearing upper body 10. In the specific setting, the side bearing wear plate 30 is provided with a through hole 31, and the side bearing upper body 10 is provided with a protrusion 11 that is clamped in the through hole 31. That is, the protrusion 11 of the side bearing upper body 10 is clamped in the through hole 31 to enhance the connection strength between the side bearing upper body 10 and the side bearing wear plate 30. The side bearing upper body 10 can also be fixedly connected to the side bearing wear plate 30 by bonding.
[0043] When the car body is completed, when the side bearing upper body is compressed downward, the side bearing upper body squeezes the inner rubber body and the outer rubber body, and then squeezes the end plate outward, which can eliminate the longitudinal gap between the elastic side bearing and the side bearing box, so that when the car body moves in the horizontal direction, it can provide a rotational friction resistance torque and maintain stability, effectively suppress the snaking motion of the bogie and increase the critical speed; by connecting the metal spring and the rubber spring in parallel, the compressive stress of the rubber body is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the permanent deformation of the side bearing, making the side bearing gap more stable during the life cycle, and reducing the vehicle operation and maintenance costs.
[0044] In addition, by adjusting the number of rubber layers, the two angles and the size of the through hole, different proportions of three-dimensional stiffness can be adapted to meet the dynamic requirements of different models. The above-mentioned rubber body is divided into two layers, the inner side and the outer side. In application, it can be adjusted to one layer or more layers according to actual conditions.
[0045] The embodiment of the present application also provides a side bearing assembly, which includes a side bearing box and any of the above-mentioned combined side bearings located in the side bearing box; wherein the two end plates 24 are respectively pressed against the two opposite side walls of the side bearing box; and one end of the compression spring 40 is pressed against the bottom plate of the side bearing box. In the above technical scheme, after the vehicle body is completed, when the side bearing upper body is compressed downward, the side bearing upper body squeezes the inner rubber body and the outer rubber body, and then squeezes the end plate outward, which can eliminate the longitudinal gap between the elastic side bearing and the side bearing box, so that when the vehicle body moves in the horizontal direction, it can provide a rotational friction resistance torque and maintain stability, effectively suppress the snaking movement of the bogie, and increase the critical speed; by connecting the metal spring in parallel with the rubber spring, the compressive stress of the rubber body is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the permanent deformation of the side bearing, making the side bearing gap more stable during the life cycle, and reducing the vehicle operation and maintenance costs.
[0046] By adjusting the number of rubber layers, the two angles and the size of the through hole, different proportions of three-dimensional stiffness can be adapted to meet the dynamic requirements of different models. The above rubber body is divided into two layers, the inner and outer layers. In application, it can be adjusted to one or more layers according to actual conditions.
[0047] One or more embodiments of this specification are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification should be included in the scope of protection of this disclosure.
[0048] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A combined side bearing, characterized in that: include: A side support upper body, and side support branches arranged on opposite sides of the side support upper body; wherein, Each side bearing branch comprises: an inner rubber body fixedly connected to the side wall of the side bearing upper body, a partition fixedly connected to the inner rubber body, and an outer rubber body fixedly connected to the partition; and an end plate fixedly connected to the outer rubber body; wherein the inner rubber body, the partition, the outer rubber body and the end plate are arranged in sequence in a direction away from the side bearing upper body; and in a direction away from the side bearing upper body, the inner rubber body is staggered with the side bearing upper body, the outer rubber body is staggered with the inner rubber body, and the side bearing upper body, the inner rubber body and the outer rubber body are gradually reduced in height direction; It also includes a compression spring, one side of which is pressed against the side bearing upper body, and the other side of which is used to press against a side bearing box for accommodating the combined side bearing.
2. The combined side bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement direction of the inner rubber body, the partition, the outer rubber body and the end plate is inclined relative to the center line of the side bearing upper body; wherein, The angle between the arrangement direction of the inner rubber body, the partition, the outer rubber body and the end plate and the center line of the side bearing upper body is between 3° and 45°.
3. The combined side bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner rubber body and the outer rubber body are both V-shaped structures, and the opening direction of the V-shaped structure faces the side bearing upper body.
4. The combined side bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The included angle of the V-shaped structure is between 90° and 150°.
5. The combined side bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner rubber body and the outer rubber body are respectively provided with through holes for adjusting rigidity.
6. The combined side bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side bearing upper body is a hollow structure, and the compression spring portion is located in the hollow cavity of the side bearing upper body.
7. The combined side bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: A boss is arranged in the hollow cavity of the side bearing upper body; one end of the compression spring is sleeved on the boss.
8. The combined side bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a side bearing wear plate, which is fixed to the side bearing upper body.
9. The combined side bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side bearing wear plate is provided with a through hole, and the side bearing upper body is provided with a protrusion clamped in the through hole.
10. A side bearing assembly, characterized in that: It comprises a side bearing box and a combined side bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 9 located in the side bearing box; wherein: The two end plates are respectively pressed against two opposite side walls of the side bearing box; One end of the compression spring is pressed against the bottom plate of the side bearing box.