Gaseous pollutant adsorption and desorption and catalysis evaluation system for solid adsorbent / catalyst

Abstract

The utility model relates to a gaseous pollutant adsorption and desorption and catalysis evaluation system for a solid adsorbent / catalyst. The gaseous pollutant adsorption and desorption and catalysis evaluation system comprises a pollutant gasification unit, a fixed bed adsorption and desorption / catalysis unit and a tail gas detection unit, a first heat preservation box is arranged between the pollutant gasification unit and the fixed bed adsorption and desorption / catalysis unit. The device disclosed by the utility model has the beneficial effects that the gasification of liquid and solid pollutants at normal temperature is realized through the pollutant gasification unit, so that the adsorption and desorption / catalytic performance test of the gasified pollutants by an adsorbent / catalyst can be carried out; three gas paths are arranged in front of a pollutant gasification unit, so that various gaseous pollutants are uniformly mixed, the gas concentration is adjusted, and the high-temperature working condition in the actual application process is simulated; the high-temperature three-way valve controls airflow to flow into the fixed bed adsorption and desorption / catalysis unit or the tail gas absorption device, initial concentration of pollutants can be read and calibrated conveniently, the inner wall of the pipeline is filled with an adsorbent or a catalyst after adsorption saturation, and test errors are effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of adsorption, desorption and catalytic performance evaluation, and in particular relates to a gaseous pollutant adsorption, desorption and catalytic evaluation system of a solid adsorbent / catalyst. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's industry, adsorbents and catalysts have been widely used in the fields of environment and chemical industry. For example, waste incineration power plants use activated carbon to treat dioxins in high-temperature flue gas at 100-200°C. For such pollutants that are gaseous under actual high-temperature conditions but solid at room temperature, the existing conventional gas adsorption / catalytic systems are difficult to gasify solid pollutants and perform adsorption and desorption or catalytic performance evaluation. In order to avoid the waste of resources and environmental risks caused by the ineffective use of adsorbents / catalysts, it is urgent to develop a gas-phase adsorption and desorption and catalytic performance evaluation system that meets the requirements of various pollutants, especially high-boiling point and difficult-to-volatilize pollutants.

[0003] CN115144296A discloses a multimodal adsorption performance test system, which can realize in-situ pressure swing and temperature swing adsorption test of adsorbents using multiple adsorbents under rapid temperature rise and fall conditions. Compared with the fixed bed reactor that evaluates adsorption performance by testing dynamic breakthrough curves, the static adsorption technology used in this system is far from the actual application scenario, making it difficult to accurately predict and guide industrial production.

[0004] Publication No. CN104792932B discloses a catalyst / adsorbent evaluation device for multi-component feed, which can achieve uniform mixing of multiple component gases of the feed and evaluate the catalytic / adsorption performance through a fixed bed reaction device. However, the device can only perform adsorption / catalytic performance tests on gaseous pollutants, and cannot perform adsorption or catalytic performance evaluation on pollutants that are liquid or solid at room temperature.

[0005] Publication No. CN115452984A discloses an adsorbent adsorption performance evaluation system, which can evaluate the adsorption performance of adsorbents at different temperatures and different amounts. However, the adsorbents used are still limited to substances that are gaseous at normal pressure and temperature.

[0006] In summary, the current use of fixed-bed reactors for dynamic adsorption and desorption or catalytic performance testing is limited to gaseous pollutants or some liquid pollutants with low boiling points at normal temperature and pressure. For pollutants with high boiling points and difficult to volatilize, the existing reactor system is difficult to complete the adsorption and desorption or catalytic performance evaluation. Utility Model Content

[0007] The utility model aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a gaseous pollutant adsorption / desorption and catalytic evaluation system of a solid adsorbent / catalyst.

[0008] The gaseous pollutant adsorption / desorption and catalytic evaluation system of the solid adsorbent / catalyst comprises: a pollutant gasification unit, a fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit and an exhaust gas detection unit; an insulation box is arranged between the pollutant gasification unit and the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit;

[0009] A high-temperature three-way valve is provided in one end of the heat preservation box connected to the pollutant gasification unit, the outlet of the pollutant gasification unit is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature three-way valve, and the two outlets of the high-temperature three-way valve are connected to the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit and the tail gas absorption device respectively;

[0010] The fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalysis unit comprises a gaseous pollutant reaction tube, in which an adsorbent / catalyst is supported by a quartz sand core and quartz wool. The outlet end of the gaseous pollutant reaction tube is connected to an exhaust gas detection unit, and the exhaust gas detection unit comprises a gas chromatograph.

[0011] Preferably, the pollutant gasification unit includes a pollutant gasification tube and a high-temperature reactor one, the middle part of the pollutant gasification tube is arranged in the high-temperature reactor one, and a quartz crucible is arranged in the pollutant gasification tube; the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalysis unit includes a gaseous pollutant reaction tube and a high-temperature reactor two, and the middle part of the gaseous pollutant reaction tube is arranged in the high-temperature reactor two.

[0012] Preferably, an insulation box 2 is provided between the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit and the exhaust gas detection unit, a filter is provided in the insulation box 2, and temperature sensors are provided in the pollutant gasification tube, the insulation box 1, the gaseous pollutant reaction tube and the insulation box 2.

[0013] Preferably, the inlet of the pollutant gasification unit is connected to three gas lines, which are used to introduce nitrogen, oxygen and pollutant gas respectively. The three gas lines are respectively provided with filters, switch valves, mass flow meters and check valves. The three gas lines are connected to the mixer and then to the inlet of the pollutant gasification unit. A pressure gauge is installed between the mixer and the pollutant gasification unit.

[0014] The method for using the solid adsorbent / catalyst gaseous pollutant adsorption / desorption and catalytic evaluation system comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Without loading the adsorbent / catalyst, adjust the high-temperature three-way valve to allow the gas path to enter the exhaust gas detection unit;

[0016] Step 2: After heating the gaseous pollutant reaction tube and the gas chromatograph to the set temperature, start the pollutant gasification unit and add carrier gas until the gas chromatograph shows that the tail gas concentration is constant;

[0017] Step 3: Turn the high-temperature three-way valve to discharge the pollutant airflow into the exhaust gas absorption device. At the same time, load the adsorbent / catalyst into the gaseous pollutant reaction tube, and then turn the high-temperature three-way valve to allow the airflow to flow through the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit and the exhaust gas detection unit to conduct adsorption / catalytic performance tests.

[0018] Preferably, step three is repeated, and the adsorbent / catalyst sample is replaced each time, so that the adsorption / catalytic performance of multiple samples can be continuously tested.

[0019] Preferably, when the gaseous pollutant reaction tube is filled with an adsorbent, step three also includes step four: after the adsorbent reaches the adsorption saturation state, the high-temperature three-way valve is turned to control the pollutant airflow to be discharged into the exhaust gas absorption device, and then the gas pollutant intake is stopped or the heating of the pollutant gasification unit is stopped.

[0020] Preferably, a method for desorption test is also included, and step five is implemented after step four: the temperature of the gaseous pollutant reaction tube reaches the set desorption temperature, the high-temperature three-way valve is turned, and the carrier gas is controlled to enter the gaseous pollutant reaction tube to blow off the adsorbent, and a desorption test is performed.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0022] 1) In addition to gaseous pollutants, the utility model also realizes the gasification of liquid and solid pollutants at room temperature through the pollutant gasification unit, so that it can be used to test the adsorption / desorption / catalytic performance of the gasified pollutants by the adsorbent / catalyst.

[0023] 2) The utility model realizes uniform mixing of various gaseous pollutants and adjusts the gas concentration by setting three gas paths in front of the pollutant gasification unit, thereby simulating high-temperature working conditions in actual application processes.

[0024] 3) The utility model can control the airflow into the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit or the tail gas absorption device through a high-temperature three-way valve, which is convenient for reading and calibrating the initial concentration of pollutants. By filling the adsorbent or catalyst after the inner wall of the pipeline is saturated with adsorption, the test error can be effectively reduced.

[0025] 4) The utility model can achieve full gasification of solid and liquid pollutants through the slender structure of the quartz crucible in the pollutant gasification tube, and the concentration fluctuation of the gas flow after gasification is within 1.0%, thereby improving the test accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model.

[0027] Explanation of the reference numerals: pollutant gasification tube 1, high temperature reaction furnace one 2, quartz crucible 3, high temperature three-way valve 4, insulation box one 5, high temperature reaction furnace two 6, adsorbent / catalyst 7, quartz sand core 8, quartz wool 9, gaseous pollutant reaction tube 10, insulation box two 11, filter 12, insulation pipe sleeve 13, one-way valve 14, mass flow meter 15, switch valve 16, filter 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. The description of the following embodiments is only used to help understand the utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary people in this technical field, the utility model can also be modified in some ways without departing from the principle of the utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the utility model.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] As an example, Figure 1 As shown, the gaseous pollutant adsorption / desorption and catalytic evaluation system of the solid adsorbent / catalyst includes: a pollutant gasification unit, a fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit and an exhaust gas detection unit; an insulation box 5 is provided between the pollutant gasification unit and the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit;

[0031] The inlet of the pollutant gasification unit is connected to three gas paths, which are used to introduce nitrogen, oxygen and pollutant gases respectively. The pollutant gases include but are not limited to carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, nitrogen oxides and other pollutants that are gaseous at room temperature. The three gas paths are respectively provided with a filter 17, a switch valve 16, a mass flow meter 15 and a one-way valve 14. The three gas paths are connected to the mixer and then to the inlet of the pollutant gasification unit. A pressure gauge is installed between the mixer and the pollutant gasification unit to determine the blockage of the rear-end gas path.

[0032] The pollutant gasification unit includes a pollutant gasification tube 1 and a high-temperature reaction furnace 2. The middle part of the pollutant gasification tube 1 is arranged in the high-temperature reaction furnace 2. A quartz crucible 3 is arranged in the pollutant gasification tube 1 for gasifying liquid and solid pollutants to obtain a stable pollutant gas flow. The high-temperature reaction furnace 2 is an open type, and the furnace chamber is an integrated furnace of the furnace wire sintering fiber.

[0033] The insulation box 5 has a built-in M-type heater with an insulation temperature of RT-600°C. A high-temperature three-way valve 4 is provided at one end of the insulation box 5 connected to the pollutant gasification unit, which is also an open type to facilitate adjustment of the high-temperature three-way valve 4. The outlet of the pollutant gasification unit is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature three-way valve 4. The two outlets of the high-temperature three-way valve 4, one is connected to the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit, and the other is connected to the exhaust gas absorption device outside the insulation box 5.

[0034] The fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit comprises a gaseous pollutant reaction tube 10 and a high temperature reaction furnace 6. The middle part of the gaseous pollutant reaction tube 10 is arranged in the high temperature reaction furnace 6. The high temperature reaction furnace 6 is an open type with an integrated furnace chamber of furnace wire sintering fiber.

[0035] The gaseous pollutant reaction tube 10 has an adsorbent / catalyst 7 supported by a quartz sand core 8 and quartz wool 9, and the quartz wool 9 is fixed with a built-in liner. The outlet end of the gaseous pollutant reaction tube 10 is connected to an exhaust gas detection unit, which includes a gas chromatograph for exhaust gas concentration measurement.

[0036] There is also an insulation box 11 between the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalysis unit and the exhaust gas detection unit. The pipeline in the insulation box 11 is equipped with a filter 12 with a pore size of 3μm to intercept the escaping adsorbent / catalyst 7 powder. The insulation box 11 uses a detachable hose heating insulation cover and a built-in temperature sensor. The insulation temperature is RT-600℃. The pollutant gasification pipe 1, the insulation box 5, the gaseous pollutant reaction pipe 10 and the insulation box 11 are all equipped with temperature sensors.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] As another embodiment, based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment proposes a gaseous pollutant adsorption / desorption and catalytic evaluation system of a solid adsorbent / catalyst:

[0039] The pipelines in the system are all made of 316L stainless steel pipe fittings, and the pipelines and valves are connected by 316L stainless steel ferrules. The gaseous pollutant reaction tube 10 is made of 316L stainless steel, with graphite gaskets sealed at both ends and tightened by threads; the built-in liner is placed in a quartz crucible 3, which is used to gasify pollutants that are liquid or solid at room temperature. Liquid pollutants include but are not limited to acetone, ethanol, benzene series, etc., and solid pollutants include but are not limited to dibenzofuran / dioxin simulation compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, and metallic mercury, etc.; the quartz crucible 3 uses a slender cylindrical structure to ensure that during the long-term test process, the liquid or molten pollutants have a constant volatilization area, thereby improving the stability of the pollutant concentration.

[0040] The high temperature reactor 2 in the pollutant gasification unit adopts an integrated furnace chamber of sintered fiber and electric furnace wire heating materials. The heating temperature is RT-1200℃ and the furnace chamber adopts an open design to facilitate the installation of the gasification tube.

[0041] The gaseous pollutant reaction tube 10 in the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalysis unit can be selected from 316L stainless steel tubes or quartz tubes according to the reaction temperature. The quartz tube is sealed with fluororubber and tightened with threads. The adsorbent / catalyst 7, quartz sand core 8 and quartz wool 9 are arranged in the gaseous pollutant reaction tube 10 according to the direction of air flow. The quartz wool 9 is used to fix the quartz sand core 8 and fill the gap between the quartz sand core 8 and the inner wall of the gaseous pollutant reaction tube 10; the quartz sand core 8 can be selected with a pore size of 10-550μm to support adsorbents / catalysts 7 of different particle sizes; the adsorbent / catalyst 7 can be filled with a particle size of 300 mesh or more, which meets the testing requirements of most adsorbents / catalysts 7.

[0042] The high temperature reaction furnace 2 6 in the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit adopts a furnace chamber of integrated furnace wire sintered fiber, electric furnace wire heating material, heating temperature of RT-1200°C, and an open furnace chamber design to facilitate the installation of the gaseous pollutant reaction tube 10.

[0043] The gas chromatograph in the tail gas detection unit is equipped with an automatic injection six-way valve to achieve automatic concentration monitoring. The gas chromatograph outlet is connected to a tail gas absorption device to avoid pollutant leakage.

[0044] It should be noted that the parts in this embodiment that are the same or similar to those in the first embodiment can be referenced to each other and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0045] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

Claims

1. A gaseous pollutant adsorption / desorption and catalytic evaluation system of a solid adsorbent / catalyst, characterized in that: include: A pollutant gasification unit, a fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalysis unit and an exhaust gas detection unit; an insulation box 1 is provided between the pollutant gasification unit and the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalysis unit; A high-temperature three-way valve is provided in one end of the heat preservation box connected to the pollutant gasification unit, the outlet of the pollutant gasification unit is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature three-way valve, and the two outlets of the high-temperature three-way valve are connected to the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit and the tail gas absorption device respectively; The fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalysis unit comprises a gaseous pollutant reaction tube, in which an adsorbent / catalyst is supported by a quartz sand core and quartz wool. The outlet end of the gaseous pollutant reaction tube is connected to an exhaust gas detection unit, and the exhaust gas detection unit comprises a gas chromatograph.

2. The gaseous pollutant adsorption / desorption and catalytic evaluation system of solid adsorbent / catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pollutant gasification unit includes a pollutant gasification tube and a high-temperature reactor 1. The middle part of the pollutant gasification tube is arranged in the high-temperature reactor 1. A quartz crucible is arranged in the pollutant gasification tube. The fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit includes a gaseous pollutant reaction tube and a high-temperature reactor 2. The middle part of the gaseous pollutant reaction tube is arranged in the high-temperature reactor 2.

3. The gaseous pollutant adsorption / desorption and catalytic evaluation system of solid adsorbent / catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that: An insulation box 2 is also provided between the fixed bed adsorption / desorption / catalytic unit and the exhaust gas detection unit. A filter is provided in the insulation box 2. Temperature sensors are provided in the pollutant gasification pipe, the insulation box 1, the gaseous pollutant reaction pipe and the insulation box 2.

4. The gaseous pollutant adsorption / desorption and catalytic evaluation system of solid adsorbent / catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the pollutant gasification unit is connected to three gas lines, which are used to introduce nitrogen, oxygen and pollutant gas respectively. Filters, switch valves, mass flow meters and one-way valves are provided on the three gas lines in sequence. The three gas lines are connected to the mixer and then to the inlet of the pollutant gasification unit. A pressure gauge is installed between the mixer and the pollutant gasification unit.

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