Ball mill for laboratory

Abstract

The utility model relates to a ball mill for a laboratory, in particular to a vibrating type ball mill, a centrifugal ball mill or a planetary ball mill, and more particularly to a planetary ball mill with a transmission ratio of 1:-1, which comprises at least one bowl-shaped piece retainer for grinding, at least one bowl-shaped piece retainer for grinding, at least one ball-shaped piece retainer for grinding, at least one ball-shaped piece retainer for grinding and at least one ball-shaped piece retainer for grinding, and at least one ball-shaped piece retainer for grinding, the bowl holder for grinding is located on a machine part of the ball mill that moves during a grinding operation of the ball mill; the clamping device is located on the moving machine part and used for transmitting clamping force to the bowl-shaped piece for grinding; and a coupling device having at least one coupling element, energy being transmitted from the stationary machine part to the moving machine part via the coupling device to generate a clamping force, the coupling element being coupled to the stationary machine part and to the moving machine part during the grinding operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a laboratory ball mill, which is particularly a vibration mill, a centrifugal ball mill or a planetary ball mill, and more particularly a planetary ball mill with a transmission ratio of 1:-1, and the ball mill has: at least one grinding bowl holder for at least one grinding bowl, the grinding bowl holder is arranged on a moving machine part of the ball mill that moves during the grinding operation of the ball mill; a clamping device, which is arranged on the moving machine part for transmitting a clamping force and / or a clamping torque to the grinding bowl and / or transmitting a clamping force and / or a clamping torque to the grinding bowl holder; and a coupling device having at least one coupling element, wherein energy transmission from a stationary machine part to a moving machine part to generate a clamping force is provided via the coupling device. Background Art

[0002] DE 102012009987 A1 discloses a laboratory ball mill, in particular, a laboratory-scale planetary or centrifugal ball mill, which can be used in particular for laboratory-scale larger grinding containers, i.e., grinding containers of typically 160 ml, 250 ml or even 500 ml, and which allows the grinding container to be automatically clamped to a grinding container holder. In the known laboratory ball mill, the carrier rotates around a vertical center axis. The known mill has one or more grinding stations around a planetary axis offset parallel to the center axis, which are mounted to rotate relative to the carrier. The grinding station has a receiving device or a grinding bowl holder for at least one grinding container, which can be filled with material to be ground and grinding media, in particular grinding balls. During the grinding operation, the holding device is guided by the carrier around the center axis, and the holding device also rotates relative to the carrier—usually, in the opposite direction—around an eccentrically mounted planetary axis. A drive for the carrier device and a further drive for the grinding station are also provided.

[0003] A motorized drive with an eccentric shaft as a coupling element is provided for automatically, i.e. without manually applying a clamping force, clamping the grinding container axially in a holding device. The clamping is achieved by rotating the eccentric shaft, whereby it acts from below against the grinding bowl base. To this end, the eccentric shaft is mounted in a transverse hole in a downwardly extending journal of the clamping base. This journal engages in a matching coaxial hole in a bearing journal of the lower base part of the laboratory grinder. The eccentric shaft transmits the height change to the clamping base via a needle bearing. The clamping base lifts a pressure plate in the form of a pressure disc upwards via a spring assembly. The pressure plate in turn lifts the inserted grinding bowl against a pressure yoke above the grinding bowl, which serves as a stop for the grinding bowl cover, until all axial play in the clamping system is eliminated. The eccentric shaft moves beyond the inflection point of the eccentric shaft to produce a self-locking in the clamped state.

[0004] The grinding container is tensioned by a motor. For this purpose, known ball mills have a motor fixed to a stationary device housing outside the carrier device. The motor drives a drive shaft, which is slotted at its inner end so as to be coupled to a transverse pin laterally attached to the eccentric shaft when the grinding station is placed in a specific insertion and removal position and in the correct rotational orientation. In the case of a slot coupling being coupled, the eccentric shaft can be rotated via the motor to automatically clamp the grinding container axially or to automatically release the clamping again. The eccentric shaft thus only transfers energy from the motorized drive on the stationary machine part to the clamping mechanism on the mobile machine part to generate a clamping force when the coupling is engaged.

[0005] The automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl has the advantage that the force generated when the tensioning mechanism is released does not have to be applied by the user, but is applied automatically by the tensioning motor. In addition, the automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl leads to increased user comfort and enables the same and therefore reproducible tensioning force to be applied for each tensioning process. In addition, safety against incorrect operation can be increased.

[0006] The automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl provided in known ball mills has a number of disadvantages: coupling the eccentric shaft to the drive motor requires an exact rotational orientation of the grinding station when the mill is stationary. Due to wear and / or contamination, the exact rotational orientation required for the coupling may not be achieved, making it difficult to couple the eccentric shaft to the drive shaft of the motor. The self-locking of the eccentric shaft produced during the tensioning of the grinding bowl is intended to ensure that the tensioning of the grinding bowl does not unintentionally loosen during the grinding operation. However, wear can lead to a change in the position of the inflection point, which means that the security against unintentional loosening of the tensioning of the grinding bowl may no longer be guaranteed. The arrangement and alignment of the motor and the eccentric shaft relative to each other also means for the coupling process that the grinding machine is not very compact. On the other hand, the automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl in the known mills is a complex design solution. The transmission of energy or force from the motor via the eccentric shaft and other components of the tensioning device interacting with the eccentric shaft requires a correspondingly robust design of the force transmission element with high component weights, so that the components that also move during the grinding operation are subject to high centrifugal forces during the grinding operation and the bearings and drive loads are high. Utility Model Content

[0007] The object of the utility model is to provide a laboratory ball mill of the type mentioned at the outset, which is particularly designed as a laboratory vibrating mill and has the possibility of automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl, in which the tensioning of the grinding bowl is realized in a structurally simple manner by means of a laboratory ball mill of light and compact design.

[0008] Furthermore, a high level of error proofing should be ensured to prevent an unintentional loosening of the clamping of the grinding bowl.

[0009] In particular, the design of the automatic grinding bowl tensioning system should make it possible to tension grinding bowls of different geometries, in particular grinding bowls with different grinding bowl heights.

[0010] The above task is solved by the ball mill provided by the present application.

[0011] According to the mill known from DE 102012009987 A1, a coupling element is also provided in the mill according to the invention, via which the drive energy or the drive force is transmitted from the stationary machine part of the mill to the machine part that moves during the grinding operation of the mill, in order to generate the clamping force required for the automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl. However, compared with the known mills, the invention provides that the coupling element is (also) mechanically coupled or connected to the stationary machine part and coupled or connected to the moving machine part during the grinding operation. Preferably, a permanent, continuous, continuous, uninterrupted, non-destructively detachable coupling and / or a permanent connection of the coupling element to the energy generating unit, in particular a motorized drive, is provided on the ball mill and / or on the stationary machine part of the ball mill and to the moving machine part of the ball mill. The design of the automatic tensioning system of the grinding bowl according to the invention can be advantageously realized, in particular in the case of a vibrating mill.

[0012] In particular, the force and / or energy required to generate the clamping force and / or the clamping torque can be transmitted and transferred via the coupling element independently of the state of motion of the grinding bowl holder, and more particularly independently of the specific angular position of the swing arm of the vibrating mill connected to the grinding bowl holder or independently of the specific rotational orientation of the carrier guiding the grinding bowl holder. The preferably mechanical coupling via the coupling element can be provided during the grinding operation and at standstill. In particular, the coupling during the grinding operation allows the driving force or the driving torque or the driving energy to be transmitted or transferred from the stationary machine part of the mill via the coupling element to the moving machine part, even during the grinding operation, in order to generate the clamping force and / or the clamping torque, even during the grinding operation. However, in principle, the utility model also allows the driving force or the driving torque or the driving energy to be transmitted only when the mill is stationary. Thus, in this case, a mechanical device, such as a safety clutch, can be provided to maintain the tensioned state of the grinding bowl during the grinding operation independently of the transmission of force and / or energy via the coupling element.

[0013] To generate the clamping force and / or the clamping torque, the clamping device of the grinding mill according to the invention can, for example, have a spindle drive in a manner known per se, whereby the torque transmitted from the coupling device to the clamping device is converted into a translatory adjustment movement of a threaded spindle or push rod.

[0014] The coupling device of the laboratory mill according to the utility model is arranged and designed to transfer energy and / or force or torque from the stationary machine part of the mill to the machine part that moves during the grinding operation. In addition to the coupling element, the coupling device can also have other parts and devices, for example, at least one drive wheel on the drive side of the coupling device and assigned to the stationary machine part and / or at least one output wheel on the output side of the coupling device and assigned to the moving machine part. Then, the torque generated by the output wheel can be converted into a translational movement of a threaded spindle or push rod using a spindle device. However, it is also possible to laterally adjust or move the parts of the coupling device, such as an adjustable piston element, by transmitting the driving energy and / or driving force from the coupling element, thereby generating an axial clamping force that can be directly or indirectly transmitted to the grinding bowl.

[0015] During the grinding operation, a relative movement occurs between the moving machine part and the stationary machine part of the ball mill. For example, during the grinding operation of a vibrating mill, a relative movement occurs between the rockers relative to the stationary mill structure, on which a grinding bowl holder is arranged. Due to the function of a centrifugal ball mill or a planetary ball mill, a relative movement between the moving machine part and the stationary machine part of the ball mill also occurs in a centrifugal ball mill or a planetary ball mill. According to the utility model, the relative movement can preferably be balanced only by the coupling element. It is particularly preferred that this balance does not require a technically joined part as a rigid part of the coupling element or a connection between a part that can be moved in a predetermined manner. However, in order to compensate for the relative movement, the coupling element can be designed to be able to move in multiple dimensions at least in a specific area. In this context, the coupling element can have at least two degrees of freedom of movement perpendicular to the main movement direction in each case relative to the movement direction of the coupling element when transmitting the clamping torque and / or the clamping force; it is particularly preferred that the coupling element has a free movement orthogonal to the main movement direction. This is described in more detail below using an example of an embodiment of the invention. Thus, the embodiment of the automatic clamping of the grinding bowl according to the invention can be advantageously realized, in particular in a vibrating mill, wherein, by the movability of the coupling element, vibrations occurring during the grinding operation of the vibrating mill to which the grinding bowl holder is fastened can be compensated relative to the stationary (housing) part of the vibrating mill. This allows the occurrence of relevant component stresses associated with the risk of component failure to be avoided in a structurally simple manner.

[0016] A first and preferred embodiment of the utility model relates to the mechanical transmission or transfer of kinetic energy from a motorized drive arranged on a stationary machine part to a moving machine part via a coupling element. The clamping force and / or the clamping torque are generated in a decentralized manner by a motor drive, which is arranged in a fixed position during the grinding operation of the ball mill. The motor power can be obtained by an appropriate design of the coupling on the grinding bowl holder. The components required for automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl can be of compact and lightweight design. Due to the smaller component mass, higher loads on the moving machine part of the ball mill are possible and / or the loads on the drive for moving the moving machine part during the grinding operation are lower. The smaller component mass means that the components required for automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl on the moving machine part are subjected to lower centrifugal forces during the grinding process and can be designed more precisely.

[0017] Preferably, the coupling element can be a traction device with a specific form-fitting traction device transmission for mechanical movement or power transmission. At least one drive wheel or drive shaft of the motorized drive can be arranged on the drive side of the coupling device and therefore on the stationary machine part and at least one output wheel or output shaft can be arranged on the output side of the coupling device or on the mobile machine part for transmitting movement or force through the coupling element. The driving torque is transmitted from the motorized drive via the driving wheel, in particular the gear or gear arrangement, and the output torque is directly or indirectly transmitted to the clamping device via the output wheel, in particular the gear or gear arrangement. For example, the output torque can be converted into the clamping force required for clamping the grinding bowl using the spindle device.

[0018] In the case of a positive-locking traction drive, a chain of a chain drive or a toothed belt can be provided as a coupling element in order to transmit the torque from the drive shaft of the motorized drive to the traction device, or from the traction device to an output shaft on the moving machine part of the ball mill via a wheel, in particular a toothed wheel, with a corresponding positive-locking profile. In principle, the traction device of a non-positive-locking traction device drive can also be provided as a coupling element, whereby the tensioning torque is transmitted via the drive belt by the friction forces acting between the contact surfaces of the belt and the pulley. Alternatively, a push chain drive with a push device can be provided as a coupling element for transmitting motion or force.

[0019] A particularly preferred embodiment is one in which the coupling element is designed as a ball chain or bead chain having a core and a plurality of balls or beads attached to the core, preferably at the same distance. Preferably, a bead chain transmission is provided, wherein the bead chain is connected to a drive wheel on the drive side to transfer torque from the motor shaft of the motorized drive, and the bead chain is connected to an output wheel on the output side to transfer torque to the tensioning device. The drive wheel and the output wheel can have recesses distributed around the circumference and adapted to the beads or balls of the bead chain. The output torque can be converted into a lateral clamping force for clamping the grinding bowl using a spindle device. The bead chain enables the hose to be bent in all spatial directions so that the position of the output side of the bead chain transmission can be easily adapted to the structural conditions inside the ball mill, and a compact design of the ball mill can be achieved.

[0020] Hose guides for the bead chain can be arranged in one or more hoses to maintain the cable force. The hose guides also have a protective function for the bead chain. Preferably, the hose between the drive wheel and the output wheel of the bead chain transmission can extend over the entire length of the bead chain so that the bead chain is wrapped in each area between the wheels. The drive wheel and / or the output wheel can have an extension surface in the shape of a groove defined by the lateral sides of the wheel, which extension surface contains a recess in the extension base. The bead chain is guided between the side parts in the area of ​​the wheel. This ensures support and precise guidance of the bead chain, even in the vicinity of the wheels and the hose guide in the wrapping area.

[0021] Alternatively, a cardan shaft or an at least partially flexible shaft may be provided as coupling element for torque transmission in the case of relative movement of the parts to each other and for equalizing relative movements between stationary and moving machine parts.

[0022] The coupling device may have a gear arrangement for torque conversion of the transmitted drive torque, in particular, the coupling device may have a gear arrangement on the output side for torque conversion of the transmitted drive torque. For example, planetary gears may be used to generate a greater torque on the output side. The gear arrangement may be self-locking so that rotational movement is only possible in one direction. In the case of a gearbox arrangement working together with a spindle, the spindle and the gearbox may have a self-locking design so that an unintentional release of the tensioning of the grinding bowl is ensured to be prevented, even if the transmission of force or torque from the coupling element to the output wheel is interrupted, for example in the case of a bead chain break.

[0023] In order to limit the transmission of forces and / or torques via the coupling element, an overload protection device can be provided, which can be designed in particular as a magnetic slip clutch and / or can be arranged in particular on the output side of the coupling element. A sensor device with at least one sensor can be provided for detecting a clutch release in the event of an overload, in particular for detecting a slip of a slip clutch. A control and / or regulating device can then be used to control and / or regulate the motorized drive as a function of the detected clutch release.

[0024] In order to be able to transfer energy and / or force or torque from a stationary machine part of a laboratory vibration mill to different mobile machine parts, for example two rockers, a plurality of coupling devices can be provided, each of which has at least one coupling element, wherein the energy transfer from the stationary machine part to two separate (motion-decoupled) mobile machine parts is provided via the coupling device, in particular wherein the coupling device is coupled to a common drive arranged on the stationary machine part for transferring energy from the stationary machine part to the mobile machine part, or the coupling devices can be coupled via the coupling device. Using the plurality of coupling devices, for example, a motorized drive on the stationary machine part can be used to transfer the required clamping torque to two clamping devices of the vibration mill arranged on different swing arms of the vibration mill. Each coupling device can have a drive wheel arranged on the stationary machine part, which is coupled to a motor shaft of the motorized drive or can be coupled via the coupling device. The torque can be applied to the two drive wheels via the motor shaft, whereby the torque is transmitted from the respective drive wheels via the coupling elements assigned to the drive wheels, for example, a bead chain, to the output wheels on the moving machine part. For example, a plurality of bead chain transmissions can be implemented to transmit the cable force or the clamping torque from the motor drive on the stationary machine part via the two bead chains to the output wheels mounted on the different moving machine parts, and to transmit the transmitted torque to the clamping device assigned to the respective moving machine part for clamping the grinding bowl on the respective machine part. It is particularly preferred that the force or torque is transmitted from the motorized drive via the two bead chain transmissions to the two output wheels arranged on different rockers of the laboratory vibration mill. This makes it possible to realize automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl on the two swing arms of the laboratory mill in a simple manner and with a compact design of the mill, preferably with only one motor drive.

[0025] This makes it possible to transfer energy and / or forces or torques from a stationary machine part to the same moving machine part via a plurality of coupling devices. In particular, two coupling devices can be provided, each of which has at least one coupling element, wherein the transfer of energy from the stationary machine part to the same moving machine part is provided via the coupling device, in particular the transfer of energy from a common drive arranged on the stationary machine part to the same moving machine part is provided via the coupling device; moreover, in particular, the time-delayed transfer of energy from the stationary machine part to the same moving machine part is provided via the coupling device, in particular the time-delayed transfer of energy from a common drive arranged on the stationary machine part to the same moving machine part is provided via the coupling device; in particular, wherein the energy transferred to the clamping device for automatically clamping the grinding bowl can be provided via the first coupling device, and the energy transferred to the rotary transmission element for automatically rotating the grinding bowl can be provided via the second coupling device.

[0026] In particular, a first coupling element of a first coupling device can be used to transmit a clamping force or a clamping torque from a stationary machine part of the ball mill to a clamping device of the grinding bowl holder in order to achieve automatic clamping of the grinding bowl. Then, a further coupling element of a further coupling device can be used to transmit a driving force and / or a driving torque to a rotating device for rotating the grinding bowl, wherein the rotating device is particularly arranged to rotate after a controlled interruption of the grinding operation and at least partial release of the clamping of the grinding bowl.

[0027] By means of multiple coupling elements, forces or torques of different magnitudes can be transmitted from a stationary machine part to the same moving machine part, or even to different moving machine parts, in order to drive different devices, such as a clamping device and a rotating device for a grinding bowl holder.

[0028] A further aspect of the invention relates to the transmission of hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical energy from a stationary machine part of a laboratory grinder via corresponding coupling elements to a mobile machine part of the laboratory grinder.

[0029] For example, a compressor for providing a compressed fluid, in particular compressed air, or a hydraulic unit for providing a hydraulic fluid can be arranged on the moving machine part. Then, the coupling device is connected to the compressor or the hydraulic unit on the drive side. The compressed fluid, in particular compressed air, can also be obtained from a storage tank or a pipeline network, for example, a pressurized container installed near the laboratory mill and connected to the laboratory mill via a pressure line. The compressed fluid or hydraulic fluid is preferably produced outside the ball mill, and the ball mill can have a corresponding fluid connector connected to a pipeline network for compressed fluid or hydraulic fluid or to a compressor or hydraulic unit or a corresponding pressure vessel. A compressed air hose or a pressure pipeline or even a rigid pipe can be used as a coupling element for energy transfer. In order to compensate for the relative movement between the moving machine part and the stationary machine part, an elastic deformation of the coupling element can be provided and / or at least one rotating feed-through for sealing transition can be provided.

[0030] On the output side, a pneumatic motor or a hydraulic motor may be provided as part of the coupling device to convert hydraulic or pneumatic energy into mechanical work. Pneumatic or hydraulic energy may be converted into rotational energy by applying pressure to the rotor or gear so that the clamping force and / or clamping torque required for clamping the grinding bowl-shaped member may be generated on the output side. On the output side, the coupling device may include a force or energy converter in the form of a rotating vane or a vane pump, whereby the rotary motion is generated by pressurizing the rotor or gear with compressed gas or compressed air. Alternatively, a piston may be provided as a displacement element that is displaced in a translational manner by pressurization of compressed gas or compressed air. This may be used to generate the clamping force and clamping torque required for clamping the grinding bowl-shaped member. The rotor, gear or gear arrangement or adjusting piston may then cooperate with the clamping device on the moving machine part or may also form a part of the clamping device to generate the clamping force and / or clamping torque required for automatically clamping the grinding bowl-shaped member.

[0031] In principle, it is also possible to transfer electrical energy from a stationary machine part to a moving machine part via a power line as a coupling element. For example, an actuator can be carried on the grinding bowl holder, which actuator converts an electrical signal into a mechanical movement to generate a driving torque and / or a driving force, for example as an electromechanical drive that drives a threaded spindle and / or moves a push rod of a clamping device and thus generates an axial clamping force. The actuator can be supplied with power by the working power supply of the laboratory mill.

[0032] As an alternative to or in addition to the mechanical transmission of kinetic energy via the coupling element, provision can be made for the transmission of hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical energy from the stationary machine part to the moving machine part, in particular the grinding bowl holder, via the coupling element. When the grinding bowl is held in and / or on the grinding bowl holder and the grinding bowl clamping is released, the energy transmitted via the corresponding coupling element can be provided as a force and / or torque for clamping the grinding bowl and / or for rotating the grinding bowl. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The present invention is described below by way of example using a preferred embodiment. The accompanying drawings show:

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic partial view in partial section of a first embodiment of a vibrating mill according to the invention, the vibrating mill having a coupling device for transmitting energy from a stationary machine part to a moving machine part via a bead chain transmission to generate a clamping force for automatic tensioning of a grinding bowl;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic partial view of an output side of a coupling device for transmitting energy from a stationary machine part to a moving machine part via a bead chain transmission, wherein an output wheel for a bead chain of the bead chain transmission is arranged on the output side of the coupling device;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic partial view of a drive side of a coupling device for transmitting energy from a stationary machine part to a moving machine part via a bead chain transmission, wherein a drive wheel for a bead chain of the bead chain transmission is arranged on the drive side of the coupling device;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic partial view of the output side of a coupling device for transmitting energy from a stationary machine part to a moving machine part via a bead chain transmission, wherein a planetary gear with a ring gear is arranged on the output side of the coupling device as an output wheel for a bead chain of the bead chain transmission;

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A partial perspective view of a vibrating mill;

[0039] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A partial exploded view of a vibrating mill in FIG.

[0040] Figure 7is a partially cut-away schematic partial view of an alternative embodiment of a vibrating mill according to the invention, the vibrating mill having two coupling devices for transmitting forces and / or torques to two clamping devices arranged on different swing arms of the vibrating mill;

[0041] Figure 8 is a partially cut-away schematic partial view of another alternative embodiment of a vibratory mill according to the invention, the vibratory mill having two coupling devices for transmitting forces and / or torques to a tensioning device for tensioning a grinding bowl and to a rotary drive for rotating the grinding bowl, wherein the tensioning device and the rotary drive are implemented on the same grinding bowl holder;

[0042] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A partial perspective view of a vibrating mill shown in ;

[0043] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 , after the grinding bowl has been inserted into a grinding bowl holder on a swing arm of the vibratory mill, wherein the clamping device and the rotary drive are shown partially cut away;

[0044] Fig.11 is a schematic partial view of the design of a coupling device on the output side, the coupling device having a slip clutch to limit the possible torque transmission;

[0045] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 A partial perspective view of the output side of the coupling device; and

[0046] Fig.13 is a replacement image of the output side and a schematic diagram of the gearbox circuit diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic partial view of a vibrating mill 1 is shown, which has a stationary machine part 2 and has a machine part 3 that moves during the grinding operation of the vibrating mill. The moving machine part 3 is a swing arm of the vibrating mill 1, on which a grinding bowl holder 4 for at least one grinding bowl 5 is arranged. The vibrating mill 1 preferably has two swing arms, wherein a grinding bowl holder 4 is arranged on each swing arm. The stationary machine part 2 can be a base plate, a housing or a machine base frame of the vibrating mill 1, which is stationary during the grinding operation and which is fixed relative to the moving machine part 3 during the grinding operation.

[0048] In the embodiment shown, the grinding bowl holder 4 has a base plate 7 with two holding legs 8, 9. A clamping device 6 for clamping the grinding bowl is also provided on the grinding bowl holder 4. The grinding bowl can be tensioned, for example, the grinding bowl can be tensioned using a tensioning device as described in DE 20015868 U1.

[0049] In order to transmit the clamping force to the grinding bowl 5, for example, a Figure 1 The pusher 10 is non-rotatable and connected to a schematically shown bolt 11. The bolt 11 is screwed into a nut 31 ( Figure 6 ) is guided in the grinding bowl. At the end facing away from the grinding bowl 5, the nut 31 has a coupling portion 33 ( Figure 6 ) and is rotatably mounted on the collar bushing 34 ( Figure 6 ) in. Via the coupling portion 33, the nut 31 can be connected in a non-rotatable manner to the spoke wheel 20 ( Figure 6 As described in detail below, the transmission of torque to the nut 31 results in an axial adjustment of the bolt 11 relative to the nut 31 and thus in the transmission of the clamping force via the pressure piece 10 to the grinding bowl 5 .

[0050] As from Figure 1 It can also be seen that an anti-rotation element 38 may be provided to prevent the pusher 10 from rotating.

[0051] As from Figure 1 It can also be seen that a coupling device 12 with a coupling element 13 is provided for mechanically transmitting forces and / or torques from a motorized drive 14 arranged on the stationary machine part 2 to the moving machine part 3 or the rocker of the vibrating mill 1. In the embodiment shown, the coupling element 13 is a bead chain or ball chain with a plurality of equally spaced beads 15 or balls arranged on a core. On the drive side or motor side, the coupling device 12 has a drive wheel 16, and on the output side or grinding bowl holder 4 side, the coupling device 12 has an output wheel 17. The drive wheel 16 is connected to the motor shaft 24 for torque transmission ( Figure 6 ). The drive wheel 16 is movably coupled to the output wheel 17 via a bead chain. The torque transmitted to the output wheel 17 via the bead chain is converted into an axial adjustment movement of the pressure piece 10 via the above-mentioned spindle transmission to generate the clamping force required for clamping the grinding bowl.

[0052] The wheels 16, 17 each have a rounded extension surface delimited by lateral sides, which contains in the extension base a recess suitable for the beads 15 of the bead chain. This enables a safe and low-noise transmission of forces or torques from the driver 14 to the tensioning device 6.

[0053] Designing the coupling device 12 as a bead chain transmission allows a compact design of the vibrating mill 1 and a flexible arrangement of the drive 14 of the vibrating mill 1 relative to the rocker arm. The clamping torque or clamping force is generated in a decentralized manner (decentrally) by the motor power that can be obtained at the grinding bowl holder 4. The multi-dimensional mobility of the bead chain allows the drive 14 to be arranged relative to the rocker in a manner that is suitable for the internal structural conditions of the vibrating mill 1. This means that the available installation space in the vibrating mill 1 can be optimally used for the automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl.

[0054] A bead chain as a coupling element 13 can be guided in the hose 18, whereby the cable forces are supported on the hose. The bead chain allows the hose to bend in all directions. This allows the relative movements between the stationary machine part 2 and the moving machine part 3 or the swing arm of the vibrating mill 1 to be balanced. The hose 18 can be made of PTFE or another lubricating plastic. Preferably, the hose 18 is slotted so that the bead chain can be passed through from the side. In addition, the tube 18 can be sleeved with an additional tube on the outside, which is particularly designed as a C-shaped tube. The additional tube protects the inner tube 18 from knotting and locking. In particular, the additional tube prevents the inner tube 18 from collapsing in the case of high cable forces, and prevents the bead chain from being pulled out of the inner tube 18 and prevents the transmission element from getting stuck in the case of such a collapse of the inner tube 18.

[0055] Figure 6 The structure of the coupling device 12 on the output side is shown. On the output side, a gear arrangement can be provided for torque conversion of the torque transmitted by the drive 14. Figure 6 and Figure 4 The gear arrangement can be designed as a single-stage planetary gear, which has, for example, a fixed sun gear 22 and four planetary gears 21 arranged on a spur gear 20, wherein the sun gear 22 interacts with the spur gear 20 and the output wheel 17 to generate a higher output torque. The output wheel 17 is designed as a ring gear of a planetary gear. An output housing 19 is provided to accommodate the output wheel 17. The sun gear 22 is connected to the housing cover 23 of the output housing 19 in a non-rotatable manner, preferably, the sun gear 22 is connected to the housing cover 23 of the output housing 19 in a non-rotatable manner by a form fit. For this purpose, the sun gear 22 has a plurality of holes 36 ( Figure 4). The hole support enables a form fit: the housing has a pin that is inserted into the hole of the sun gear 22. The transmission ratio of the planetary gear in a single-stage design can be between 1 and 2.5, for example, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear in a single-stage design can be 2.0. Multi-stage solutions for the planetary gear are also possible, wherein each stage can preferably have a transmission ratio between 1 and 2.5.

[0056] The drive of the ball chain drive may be self-locking, wherein the drive can only be driven from one direction. Preferably, on the one hand, the spindle drive is self-locking to convert the torque into an axial clamping force, and on the other hand, the gearbox is self-locking, so that even if the coupling element 13 is interrupted mechanically, for example in the event of a bead chain breakage, there is no risk of the tensioning of the grinding bowl releasing itself unintentionally.

[0057] Alternatively, according to Figure 2 , a direct transmission member for power transmission or torque generation through a bead chain can also be provided on the output side of the coupling device 12 without a gear device, whereby the cable force of the bead chain is transmitted to the output wheel 17 designed as a solid wheel. This results in a lower output torque and a less complicated design.

[0058] Figure 3 and Figure 6 The drive side of the coupling device 12 is shown, wherein the electric drive 14 is arranged on the drive side. The drive shaft 24 is connected to the drive wheel 16 via a recess in the base plate 25. The housing cover 26 forms the top end. The torque is transmitted from the drive shaft 24 to the drive wheel 24. The torque is transmitted via a bead chain as a coupling element 13 to the output wheel 17 arranged on the mobile machine part 3. The transmission ratio between the output wheel 17 and the drive wheel 16 can be between 1 and 2.5, for example, the transmission ratio between the output wheel 17 and the drive wheel 16 can be 2.0. Figure 5 The swing axis Y3 is also shown.

[0059] Figure 5 A detailed view of the vibrating mill 1 in the assembled state is shown. Figure 5 It can be seen schematically that due to the flexibility of the bead chain transmission with a circular bead chain infinitely guided in the hose 18, the torque axis Y1 on the output side of the coupling device 12 and the torque axis Y2 on the drive side of the coupling device 12 can be arranged at any angle α to each other.

[0060] Figure 7 An alternative embodiment of a vibration mill 1 according to the invention is shown in a schematic partial view, wherein two substantially identically constructed Figures 1 to 6, to achieve the transmission of force and / or torque, preferably, to achieve the transmission of force and / or torque from a common motor drive 14 via a motor shaft 24 to the coupling devices 12, and the transmission of force and / or torque from these coupling devices 12 to two clamping devices 6 on different rocking arms of the vibrating mill 1.

[0061] In addition, if Figure 7 As schematically shown in , a switching element 27, for example a coupling device, can be provided to connect one coupling device 12 or the other coupling device 12 to the motor shaft 24 and thus tension or release the tensioning devices 6 on the two rockers independently of each other and, for example, in a time-delayed manner when necessary.

[0062] Figure 8 Schematically, an arrangement is shown in which a plurality of coupling devices 12 are provided for transmitting forces or torques from a stationary machine part 2 to a mobile machine part 3, in particular to a rocker of a laboratory vibration mill 1. Figure 8 , two coupling devices 12 of identical design can be provided for force and / or torque transmission. Each coupling device 12 is connected via a coupling element 13 to a motorized drive 14 associated with the respective coupling element 13 and arranged on the stationary machine part 2. The first coupling device 12 serves to transmit a force or a driving torque to the clamping device 6 in order to automatically clamp the grinding bowl 5 in the grinding bowl holder 4. A swivel or rotation drive 28 is provided on the opposite side of the grinding bowl holder 4, by means of which the grinding bowl 5 can be swiveled or rotated into an at least partially relaxed state in order to be able to move the grinding bowl 5 by means of the rotation of the grinding bowl from Figure 8 Another drive 14 is shown on the left side of the Figure 8 The force and / or torque of another coupling device 12 shown on the left in the figure is transmitted to standardize the grinding results.

[0063] As in particular from Fig. 9 It can be seen that the rotating device 28 can have a rotating member 37, which can be connected to the grinding bowl 5 in a form-fitting and / or non-form-fitting manner to rotate the grinding bowl 5 as required. The rotating member 37 can have a coupling geometry or a spanner-like flat portion on the end surface facing the grinding bowl 5, which, when the grinding bowl 5 is inserted into the grinding bowl holder 4, engages and / or couples in a form-fitting manner with a complementary coupling geometry or a spanner-like flat protrusion on the adjacent end surface of the grinding bowl 5. By rotating the rotating member 37, the grinding bowl 5 can be rotated, preferably 180°, via the complementary surfaces and surface protrusions.

[0064] The control and / or regulation system can be arranged so that the clamped grinding bowl 5 is automatically at least partially released and then automatically rotated, for example, after half of the grinding time of the grinding process has elapsed, the clamped grinding bowl 5 is automatically at least partially released and then automatically rotated. The rotated grinding bowl 5 is then automatically supported again and the grinding process is continued. The automatic tensioning of the grinding bowl and the automatic rotation of the grinding bowl by the force and / or torque transmitted from the stationary machine part 2 via the two coupling devices 12 are achieved in Figure 8 2 and 3. This is schematically illustrated by force arrows 29 and torque arrows 30, wherein arrow 29 indicates the direction of the tensioning force when tensioning the grinding bowl 5 in the grinding bowl holder 4, and arrow 30 indicates a possible rotation direction of the grinding bowl 5 for equalizing the grinding result.

[0065] An embodiment is not excluded in which the forces and / or torques are transmitted to the clamping device 6 and the rotary drive 28 as described above via two coupling devices 12, wherein the two coupling devices 12 can be connected via, for example, Figure 7 1 and 2, and is coupled to the same motorized drive 14 by means of the coupling device or switching element 27 described in the drawings.

[0066] exist Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The schematic diagram shows Figure 8 A vibrating mill 1, wherein Fig. 9 The vibrating mill 1 is shown before the grinding bowl 5 is inserted into the grinding bowl holder 4, and Fig.10 The grinding bowl 5 is shown in a clamped and partially rotated state. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown in , the right-hand coupling device 12 can, for example, be arranged for transmitting power from the first motorized drive 14 to the clamping device 6, while the left-hand coupling device 12 can be arranged for transmitting power from the second motorized drive 14 to the rotary drive 28. The coupling devices 12 can have the same design. However, there may be design differences in terms of the torque transmission from the corresponding bead chain transmission to the tensioning device 6 on the one hand and from the corresponding bead chain transmission to the rotary drive 28 on the other hand.

[0067] A direct drive is provided to transmit the cable force and generate a torque on the side of the rotary drive 28, wherein the cable force is transmitted to the output wheel 17 designed as a solid wheel. Preferably, no torque conversion via a gearbox is provided on the side of the rotary drive 28. On the other hand, the transmission of the cable force and the generation of torque on the side of the tensioning device 6 are preferably via Figure 4A gear arrangement with planetary gears of the type shown in FIG.

[0068] The drive 14 and the coupling device 12 are capable of generating high torques and the resulting (clamping) forces. Overloads can be reliably prevented by means of a safety clutch, in particular in the form of a magnetic slip clutch. This applies in particular to situations where grinding bowls 5 of different lengths need to be clamped in the grinding bowl holder 4. The slip clutch can protect the drive wheel 16 and the driven wheel 17 as well as the bead chain as coupling element 13 from excessive stress.

[0069] In another Fig.11 It is shown in Figure 1 that the gear arrangement on the output side of the coupling device 12 can also have a multi-stage design, in particular as a multi-stage planetary gear. For a single-stage design, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear can be between 1 and 2.5, for example, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear can be 2.0. In the case of a multi-stage design of a planetary gearbox, the transmission ratio of each stage can be between 1 and 2.5, for example, the transmission ratio of each stage can be 2.0. This allows higher output torques to be transmitted.

[0070] according to Fig.13 , the first gear stage is preferably formed by an output wheel 17, which is driven by a bead chain as a coupling element 13 and is designed as a ring gear. The first output wheel 17 drives a spur gear 20 or a planet carrier. The sun gear 22 is firmly connected to the housing cover 23 and is therefore stationary. The spider 20 is connected to another sun gear 22 of the second gear stage, which drives another spur gear 20 of the second gear stage. Another ring gear 17a of the second gear stage is fixed. The torque transmission from the other spur gear 20 to the nut 31 is also schematically shown. The rotational movement of the nut 31 is converted into a translational movement of the pusher 10. The fixed ring gear 17a of the second gear stage is stationary only when the torque of the sliding element of the slip clutch is not exceeded.

[0071] As from Fig.11 As can be seen in FIG. 1 , on the end surface of the other ring gear 17a of the second gear stage adjacent to the grinding bowl holder 4, for example, ten magnets 32 are inserted into recessed portions distributed around the circumference, which are provided in the other ring gear 17a having the end surface. The adjacent output housing 19 (see FIG. 19 ) Fig.12) is also equipped with magnets, for example, four magnets, to generate a holding torque so that the further ring gear 17a is held on the output housing 19 and remains stationary until an overload occurs. In the event of an overload, the further ring gear 17a slides at least one position and the magnetic field at the sensor 35 provided on the output housing 19 is briefly interrupted. Once the signal interruption is detected, it is recognized that an overload has occurred. The sensor 35 may be a Hall sensor.

[0072] In particular, an overload situation can be linked in terms of control and / or regulation to the reaching of the end position of the pressure piece 10. A control and / or regulation system with a corresponding control and / or regulation device can be provided, which evaluates the sensor signal of the sensor 35. In the case of a position-controlled and / or position-regulated drive 14, this makes it possible to link a signal interruption detected by the sensor 35 or a slipping of the slipping clutch to the reaching of a zero position or an end position of the clamping means of the clamping device 6 and to provide this information for the control and / or regulation of the drive 14. If grinding bowls 5 with different grinding bowl lengths are to be used, the drive 14 can be used to move the clamping means, for example, in the present case, the pressure piece 10, in the direction of the grinding bowl 5 or to adjust the clamping means, for example, in the present case, the pressure piece 10, in the direction of the grinding bowl 5 until the zero position or the end position is detected by slipping of the slipping clutch. This makes it possible to refer the drive 14 for a grinding bowl 5 with a specific grinding bowl length to the zero position or end position identified. Depending on the end position or zero position detected for a specific grinding bowl length due to the occurrence of an overload situation, the drive 14 can then automatically move to the corresponding end position or zero position for all subsequent clamping operations until a new end position or zero position is reached when a grinding bowl 5 with a different grinding bowl length is used and this new end position or zero position is detected by the sensor 35 due to a new signal interruption. This new end position or zero position then forms the reference position for all subsequent clamping operations. Thus, the drive 14 can be controlled and / or regulated via the detection of an overload situation when the grinding bowl clamping is opened in the following situation: when the grinding bowl clamping is released and hits on the component, the clamping means, for example, in the present case, the pressure piece 10, is opened as much as possible. This impact then causes the slip clutch to slip and is detected as an overload.

[0073] A separation disc can be arranged between the sensor 35 and the magnet 32, for example in the form of an annular sliding separation foil, which prevents the magnet 32 ​​from coming loose from the receiving pocket in the output wheel 17 and then hitting the sensor 35 in a form-fitting manner. The magnet 32 ​​is held in the positioning pocket by the separation disc and does not have to be glued in the pocket. The separation disc should be as thin and wear-resistant as possible. This results in the slip clutch having the maximum possible magnetic force and high torque.

[0074] Reference numerals list

[0075] 1 Vibration mill 20 spur gear

[0076] 2Stationary machine part 21Planetary gear

[0077] 3 Moving machine part 22 Sun gear

[0078] 4 grinding bowl holder 23 cover

[0079] 5 grinding bowl 24 motor shaft

[0080] 6 Clamping device 25 Base plate

[0081] 7 base plate 26 housing cover

[0082] 8 Holding leg 27 Switching element

[0083] 9 Holding Leg 28 Rotation Driver

[0084] 10 push piece 29 arrow

[0085] 11 bolts 30 arrows

[0086] 12 coupling device 31 nut

[0087] 13 coupling element 32 magnet

[0088] 14 Motor driver 33 Connection part

[0089] 15 beads 34 bushing

[0090] 16 driving wheel 35 sensor

[0091] 17 output wheel 36 holes

[0092] 17a Ring gear 37 Rotating member

[0093] 18 hose 38 anti-rotation element

[0094] 19 Output housing.

Claims

1. A laboratory ball mill (1), comprising: at least one grinding bowl holder (4) for at least one grinding bowl (5), the grinding bowl holder (4) being arranged on a mobile machine part (3) of the ball mill (1), the mobile machine part (3) being movable during the grinding operation of the ball mill (1); a clamping device (6), the clamping device (6) being arranged on the mobile machine part (3) for transmitting a clamping force to the grinding bowl (5); and a coupling device (12), the coupling device (12) having at least one coupling element (13), wherein: The energy transfer from the stationary machine part (2) to the moving machine part (3) to generate the clamping force is provided via the coupling device (12), characterized in that the coupling element (13) is coupled to the stationary machine part (2) and to the moving machine part (3) during the grinding operation.

2. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball mill is a vibration mill, a centrifugal ball mill or a planetary ball mill.

3. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball mill is a planetary ball mill with a transmission ratio of 1:-1.

4. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The coupling element (13) is movable in multiple dimensions, at least in certain areas, in order to compensate for relative movements between the stationary machine part (2) and the moving machine part (3).

5. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Kinetic energy can be transferred from a drive (14) arranged on the stationary machine part (2) to the moving machine part (3) via the coupling element (13).

6. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The coupling element (13) is a traction device with a positive-locking traction device transmission.

7. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that A chain of a chain transmission is provided as the coupling element (13).

8. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that A chain movable in multiple dimensions is provided as the coupling element (13).

9. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that A ball chain is provided as the coupling element (13).

10. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The coupling element (13) is integrated into the hose guide.

11. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The coupling device (12) has a gear device for torque conversion.

12. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The coupling device (12) has a gear arrangement on the output side for torque increase.

13. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The coupling device (12) has an overload protection device.

14. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The coupling device (12) is designed as a magnetic slip clutch.

15. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that: A sensor device having at least one sensor (35) is provided for detecting the separation of the overload protection device in the event of an overload, and a control and / or regulating device is provided for controlling and / or regulating the drive (15) as a function of the detected separation of the overload protection device.

16. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that: A sensor device having at least one sensor (35) is provided for detecting slip of the slip clutch in the event of an overload, and a control and / or regulating device is provided for controlling and / or regulating the drive (15) as a function of the detected clutch disengagement.

17. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least two coupling devices (12) are provided, each of which has at least one coupling element (13), wherein energy transfer from the stationary machine part (2) to two different moving machine parts (3) is provided via the coupling devices (12).

18. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to claim 17, characterized in that: The coupling device (12) is connectable to a common drive (14) arranged on the stationary machine part (2) in order to transfer energy from the stationary machine part (2) to the mobile machine part (3).

19. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least two coupling devices (12) are provided, each having at least one coupling element (13), via which energy is transmitted from the stationary machine part (2) to a moving machine part (3) of the same type.

20. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least two coupling devices (12) are provided, each having at least one coupling element (13), via which energy is transmitted from a common drive (14) arranged on the stationary machine part (2) to a mobile machine part (3) of the same type.

21. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least two coupling devices (12) are provided, each having at least one coupling element (13), via which energy is transmitted in a time-delayed manner from the stationary machine part (2) to a moving machine part (3) of the same type.

22. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least two coupling devices (12) are provided, each of which has at least one coupling element (13), and energy is transmitted from a common drive (14) arranged on the stationary machine part (2) to a moving machine part (3) of the same type via the coupling devices (12) in a time-delayed manner.

23. The laboratory ball mill (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that At least two coupling devices (12) are provided, each of which has at least one coupling element (13), energy is transmitted to the clamping device (6) via a first coupling device in the coupling devices (12) and energy is transmitted to the rotary drive (28) via a second coupling device in the coupling devices (12).

24. The laboratory ball mill according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Hydraulic energy, pneumatic energy or electrical energy can be transmitted from the stationary machine part (2) to the mobile machine part (3) via the coupling element.

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