Heat dissipation device, battery module and energy storage equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a heat dissipation device, a battery module and energy storage equipment, and relates to the technical field of energy storage, the heat dissipation device comprises a first air duct, a current limiting piece, a second air duct and a fan device, a plurality of first air ducts are arranged, the flow limiting pieces are arranged at the air outlets and close the air outlets, through hole sets are formed in the positions, corresponding to the air outlets, of the flow limiting pieces, each through hole set comprises a plurality of through holes, and the porosity of at least two through hole sets is different; the second air channel communicates with the first air channel through the through hole set. According to the utility model, the ventilation quantity of the first air ducts is conveniently controlled, so that the plurality of first air ducts have basically the same air-cooling heat dissipation effect, the temperature uniformity of the heat dissipation device is maintained, the heat dissipation device can be applied to a battery module and energy storage equipment, the air-cooling heat dissipation of a plurality of surfaces of a single battery is increased, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved. And the uniformity of the cooling effect is ensured when the battery is subjected to air cooling, so that the performance and the safety of the battery pack are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage, and in particular to a heat dissipation device, a battery module and energy storage equipment. Background Art

[0002] Battery thermal management can keep the temperature of the battery pack within a reasonable range, maintain the performance and safety of the battery pack, and extend the service life of the battery pack. Battery thermal management methods include air cooling or liquid cooling. When air cooling is used to cool the battery pack, due to the unreasonable design of the air duct position, the air cooling effect is poor, which in turn affects the temperature uniformity of the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a heat dissipation device, a battery module and an energy storage device, aiming to solve the technical problems of unreasonable air duct design and uneven temperature during heat dissipation in the prior art for air cooling and heat dissipation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows:

[0005] The first aspect of the utility model provides a heat dissipation device, the heat dissipation device has a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are arranged at an angle. The heat dissipation device comprises a first air duct, a flow limiting member, a second air duct and a fan device.

[0006] A plurality of first air ducts are arranged along the first direction, each of which is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; a flow limiting member is arranged at each of the air outlets and closes the air outlets, a through hole group is arranged at a position corresponding to each of the air outlets on the flow limiting member, each of the through hole groups includes a plurality of through holes, and the porosity of at least two of the through hole groups is different; a second air duct is arranged along the second direction, and the second air duct is connected to the first air duct through the through hole group, and the second air duct is provided with at least one exhaust port; the fan device is arranged at the exhaust port.

[0007] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the number of the exhaust port is one, the porosity of each of the through hole groups is different, and along the second direction, the porosity of the through hole group away from the exhaust port gradually increases, and the porosity of the through hole group at the exhaust port is the smallest.

[0008] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the number of the exhaust ports is greater than one, any of the exhaust ports is disposed in the second air duct, and the porosity of the through hole group gradually decreases toward a position close to any of the exhaust ports.

[0009] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the diameters of the through holes in each of the through hole groups are different, and / or the number of the through holes in each of the through hole groups is different.

[0010] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the porosity is φ, satisfying 0.1≤φ≤1.

[0011] In one embodiment of the first aspect, along the second direction, a plurality of first air ducts are disposed on opposite sides of the second air duct.

[0012] The second aspect of the utility model also provides a battery module, which includes a plurality of single cells and also includes the heat dissipation device described in any one of the above embodiments, an opening is provided between every two current limiting members along the first direction, each single cell closes one of the openings, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0013] In one of the embodiments of the second aspect, the single cell includes a pole ear arranged on the same side; the heat dissipation device also has a third direction, which is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction respectively, and along the third direction, each of the through hole groups includes a first sub-through hole group and a second sub-through hole group, the first sub-through hole group is arranged at one end close to the pole ear, and the second sub-through hole group is arranged at an end away from the pole ear, and the porosity of the first sub-through hole group is greater than the porosity of the second sub-through hole group.

[0014] In one embodiment of the second aspect, each first air duct includes a cover plate assembly, and the single battery and the cover plate assembly together define a first air duct.

[0015] In one embodiment of the second aspect, the cover plate assembly includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate, two adjacent single cells and the cover plate assembly together define a first air duct, and the first cover plate and the second cover plate are arranged in parallel.

[0016] In one embodiment of the second aspect, the cover plate assembly further includes a third cover plate, and the third cover plate, the first cover plate, the second cover plate and the single cell together define the first air duct, and the third cover plate is vertically arranged with the first cover plate and the second cover plate respectively.

[0017] The third aspect of the present invention provides an energy storage device, comprising the heat dissipation device described in any one of the above embodiments or the battery module described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the application provides a heat dissipation device, a battery module and an energy storage device. The heat dissipation device is used for air cooling and heat dissipation. The through hole groups opened on multiple current limiting parts can make multiple first air ducts respectively connect to the second air ducts through the through hole groups. The different porosity of the through holes facilitates the control of the ventilation volume of the first air ducts so that the multiple first air ducts have basically the same air cooling and heat dissipation effect to maintain temperature uniformity. The heat dissipation device can be applied to battery modules and energy storage devices, and the first and second air ducts are limited to increase the air cooling and heat dissipation of multiple surfaces of the single battery, which is beneficial to ensure the uniformity of the cooling effect when the single battery is air-cooled, thereby ensuring the performance and safety of the battery pack and extending the service life of the battery module and energy storage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the heat dissipation device provided in some embodiments of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the heat dissipation device provided in some embodiments of the utility model from another angle;

[0022] Figure 3 A side view of a heat dissipation device provided in some embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 4 A side view of a heat dissipation device provided in some embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 5 Shows Figure 3 Partial structure diagram of some embodiments of the middle A part Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 6 Shows Figure 3 Partial structure diagram of some embodiments of the middle A part Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second air duct of the heat dissipation device provided in some embodiments of the present utility model.

[0027] Description of main component symbols;

[0028] 100-heat dissipation device; 110-first air duct; 111-air inlet; 112-air outlet; 120-current limiting member; 130-through hole group; 131-through hole; 132-first sub-through hole group; 133-second sub-through hole group; 140-second air duct; 141-air outlet; 150-fan device; 160-opening; 170-cover plate assembly; 171-first cover plate; 172-second cover plate; 173-third cover plate; 200-battery module; 210-single cell; 211-ear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0032] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] When a parameter is expressed as a range, a preferred range, or a range limited by a series of upper preferred values ​​and lower preferred values, this should be understood to specifically disclose all ranges formed by any pairing of any upper range limit or preferred value with any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether the range is disclosed separately. For example, when a range of "1-5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted as including ranges of "1-4", "1-3", "1-2", "1-2 and 4-5", "1-3 and 5" etc. When a numerical range is described in this article, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include its end values ​​and all integers and fractions within the range.

[0036] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0037] In the related art, the air duct structure is usually designed for heat dissipation and cooling, and there is a situation where the design of the air duct position is unreasonable. Since the fan is generally installed at the exhaust port, the air volume is larger at a position closer to the fan, and the air cooling and heat dissipation effect is better. The air cooling and heat dissipation effect is relatively poor at a position farther from the fan, and the consistency and uniformity of the ventilation volume cannot be guaranteed, which in turn affects the air cooling and heat dissipation effect.

[0038] refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a heat dissipation device 100, which is mainly used on the battery module 200 to ensure the consistency and uniformity of the heat dissipation effect at various positions of the battery module 200. The heat dissipation device 100 includes a first air duct 110, a flow limiting member 120, a second air duct 140 and a fan device 150.

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, the heat sink 100 has a first direction x and a second direction y. The first direction x and the second direction y are set at an angle. Exemplarily, the first direction x is taken as the width direction of the heat sink 100, and the second direction y is taken as the length direction of the heat sink 100. It can be understood that the above definition is only for the convenience of understanding the relative position relationship of each part in the heat sink 100, and should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0040] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple first air ducts 110 are arranged along the first direction x, each of the first air ducts 110 is provided with an air inlet 111 and an air outlet 112, a flow limiting member 120 is provided at each of the air outlets 112 and closes the air outlet 112, and a through hole group 130 is provided at a position corresponding to each of the air outlets 112 on the flow limiting member 120, each of the through hole groups 130 includes multiple through holes 131, and the porosity of at least two of the through hole groups 130 is different.

[0041] In this embodiment, the porosities of the two through hole groups 130 are 0.5 and 0.6 respectively. Correspondingly, the preset passable air volume per unit time of the through hole groups 130 with a porosity of 0.5 is smaller than the preset passable air volume of the through hole groups 130 with a porosity of 0.6. However, the air volume at the positions of the two through hole groups 130 is also related to the distance from the fan device 150. The air volume at a distance from the fan device 150 will be attenuated and lost. It can be ensured that the porosities of the two through hole groups 130 are different but the actual passable air volume is basically the same, so as to reduce the influence of the distance from the fan position, and thereby enable the multiple first air ducts 110 to have basically the same air cooling and cooling effect to maintain the temperature uniformity of the heat dissipation device 100.

[0042] It is understandable that in other embodiments, the porosity of the through hole group 130 can also be selected to be 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, or 0.9, to ensure that the porosities of the two through hole groups 130 are different but the actual air volume passing through is basically the same, so that the actual air volume passing through can be optimized and distributed to achieve temperature uniformity of the heat dissipation device 100.

[0043] It should be noted that porosity refers to the percentage of the pore volume in the block material to the total volume of the material in the natural state. In the present application, it refers to the percentage of the total volume of the through hole group 130 on the flow limiting component 120. The larger the porosity of the through hole group 130 on the flow limiting component 120, the larger the preset air volume that can pass through the corresponding through hole group 130 will also be.

[0044] At the same time, the second air duct 140 is arranged along the second direction y, and the second air duct 140 is connected with the first air duct 110 through the through hole group 130, and the second air duct 140 is provided with at least one exhaust port 141; the fan device 150 is arranged at the exhaust port 141. The through hole group 130 provided on the plurality of flow limiting members 120 enables the plurality of first air ducts 110 to be respectively connected with the second air duct 140 through the through hole group 130, and the first air duct 110 and the second air duct 140 are limited to increase the surface area for air cooling and heat dissipation, which is beneficial to ensure the uniformity of the cooling effect when air cooling and cooling are performed.

[0045] refer to Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the number of the exhaust port 141 is one, that is, the number of the fan device 150 is also one, because the actual air volume is larger at a position close to the fan device 150 and smaller at a position far from the fan device 150, the porosity of each of the through hole groups 130 is different, and along the second direction y, the porosity of the through hole group 130 away from the exhaust port 141 gradually increases.

[0046] In this embodiment, the actual air volume is larger at a position close to the fan device 150, and the porosity of the through hole group 130 at the exhaust port 141 is the smallest. Correspondingly, the actual air volume is smaller at a position far from the fan device 150, but the porosity of the through hole group 130 at the exhaust port 141 is larger, so that the actual ventilation volume of each through hole group 130 is basically the same, ensuring that the air-cooling and heat dissipation effect of the second air duct 140 is the same, so that the heat dissipation and cooling effect of the first air duct 110 of the overall heat dissipation device 100 is more uniform.

[0047] In one embodiment, the number of the exhaust outlets 141 is multiple, and any of the exhaust outlets 141 is respectively arranged in the second air duct 140. Each of the exhaust outlets 141 can be provided with a fan device 150. The second air duct 140 arranged along the second direction y can have a larger air volume and air cooling effect when multiple fan devices 150 are running simultaneously, compared with only one fan device 150.

[0048] In the present embodiment, the porosity of the through hole group 130 gradually decreases toward a position close to any of the exhaust ports 141, and the porosity of the through hole group 130 located at multiple exhaust ports 141 is relatively small. In other words, the closer the through hole group 130 is to the exhaust port 141, the smaller the porosity is, so that a relatively sufficient amount of air cannot completely pass through the through hole group 130 near the exhaust port 141 to enter the first air duct 110, and the farther the through hole group 130 is from the exhaust port 141, the greater the porosity is, so that the diverted and lost air can pass through the through hole group 130 far away from the exhaust port 141, thereby making the actual ventilation volume of all the through hole groups 130 basically the same, which can take into account both improving the air cooling and cooling effect of the heat dissipation device 100 and maintaining the uniformity of heat dissipation and cooling of the first air duct 110 in the overall heat dissipation device 100.

[0049] refer to Figure 4 As shown, optionally, the number of the exhaust ports 141 is two, and the two fan devices 150 can have a larger air volume and air cooling effect when running at the same time. The two exhaust ports 141 are arranged at opposite ends of the second air duct 140, and the porosity of the through hole group 130 gradually decreases toward the position close to the exhaust ports 141. The porosity of the through hole group 130 located at the two exhaust ports 141 is relatively small, and the porosity of the through hole group 130 farther away from the exhaust ports 141 is larger. It will not be described in detail here, and it can take into account both improving the air cooling effect of the heat dissipation device 100 and maintaining the uniformity of heat dissipation and cooling of the first air duct 110 in the overall heat dissipation device 100.

[0050] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in any of the above embodiments, the apertures of the through holes 131 of each through hole group 130 are different, and the number of the through holes 131 of the through hole group 130 remains constant, that is, the porosity of the through hole group 130 is made different by changing the apertures of the through holes 131 of different through hole groups 130, and there is no need to open different numbers of through holes 131 in the flow limiting member 120, which is more conducive to determining the change in the ventilation volume of each through hole group 130. Alternatively, the number of through holes 131 of each through hole group 130 is different, and the apertures of the through holes 131 of the through hole group 130 are kept consistent, that is, the porosity of the through hole group 130 is made different by changing the number of through holes 131 of different through hole groups 130, and the production process is simpler. Alternatively, the aperture of the through hole 131 of each through hole group 130 and the number of the through holes 131 of each through hole group 130 are different. Compared with the previous two methods, the production process is more complicated, but it is easier to control the consistency and variability of the ventilation volume of each through hole group 130.

[0051] In any of the above embodiments, the porosity of the through hole group 130 is φ, which satisfies 0.1≤φ≤1. In this embodiment, the porosity of the through hole group 130 is not less than 0.1, and each through hole group 130 corresponds to a flow limiting member 120, so that sufficient ventilation can be maintained through the through hole group 130 for air cooling to avoid failure to achieve the heat dissipation effect of the first air duct 110. At the same time, when the porosity of the through hole group 130 is equal to 1, the flow limiting member 120 enables the through hole group 130 to reach the maximum preset ventilation volume. Of course, it can be understood that in other embodiments, the porosity of the through hole group 130 can be φ 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.9, which will not be listed here one by one.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, in any of the above embodiments, along the second direction y, a plurality of first air ducts 110 are arranged on the opposite sides of the second air duct 140, that is, the first air ducts 110 on both sides are relatively arranged, so as to further increase the number of the first air ducts 110, and the ventilation volume of the second air duct 140 is diverted by the plurality of first air ducts 110, thereby increasing the setting area and range of the first air duct 110, and further improving the air-cooling heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation device 100.

[0053] In the above embodiment, the heat dissipation device 100 is used for air cooling and heat dissipation. The through hole group 130 opened on the multiple flow limiting parts 120 can enable the multiple first air ducts 110 to be connected to the second air duct 140 respectively through the through hole group 130. The different porosity of the through holes 131 facilitates the control of the ventilation volume of the first air duct 110 so that the multiple first air ducts 110 have basically the same air cooling and heat dissipation effect to maintain temperature uniformity.

[0054] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery module 200, which includes a plurality of single cells 210 and also includes the heat dissipation device 100 described in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, the battery module 200 has all the beneficial effects of the heat dissipation device 100 described in any of the above embodiments. Figure 7 As shown, an opening 160 is provided between every two of the current limiting members 120 along the first direction, and each of the single cells 210 closes one of the openings 160. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, that is, the first air duct 110 and the first air duct 110 are arranged perpendicular to each other. According to the shape specifications of the single cells 210, it is more convenient for the single cells 210 in the battery module 200 to be applied to the heat dissipation device 100, and the single cells 210 can be adapted to be arranged in the openings 160.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the single cell 210 includes a pole ear 211 arranged on the same side, and the pole ear 211 refers to a metal conductor that leads the positive and negative poles out of the single cell 210. It can be understood that when the single cell 210 is discharged, the pole ear 211 position of the single cell 210 generates more heat than other positions, and the temperature of the pole ear 211 position of the single cell 210 is higher.

[0056] It should be noted that the heat sink 100 also has a third direction z, which is perpendicular to the second direction y and the first direction x. For example, the first direction x is the width direction of the heat sink 100, the second direction y is the length direction of the heat sink 100, and the third direction z is the height direction of the heat sink 100. It can be understood that the above definition is only for the convenience of understanding the relative position relationship between the heat sink 100 and the various parts of the battery module 200.

[0057] In the present embodiment, along the third direction z, each of the through hole groups 130 includes a first sub-through hole group 132 and a second sub-through hole group 133, wherein the first sub-through hole group 132 is arranged at an end close to the pole ear 211, and the second sub-through hole group 133 is arranged at an end away from the pole ear 211, and the porosity of the first sub-through hole group 132 is greater than that of the second sub-through hole group 133. In other words, the porosity of the first sub-through hole group 132 at the end close to the pole ear 211 is larger, so that the actual ventilation volume of the first sub-through hole group 132 is greater than the actual ventilation volume of the second sub-through hole group 133, thereby reducing the temperature at the pole ear 211, and the position of the first sub-through hole group 132 corresponding to the pole ear 211 improves the heat dissipation and cooling effect of the position of the pole ear 211, so that the temperatures of the positions of the first sub-through hole group 132 and the second sub-through hole group 133 at the opposite ends of the through hole group 130 can be kept consistent and uniform.

[0058] refer to Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, each of the first air ducts 110 includes a cover plate assembly 170, and the single cell 210 and the cover plate assembly 170 together define a first air duct 110. When air cooling and heat dissipation are performed through the first air duct 110, the single cell 210 can directly contact the cold air, reducing the loss during the temperature transfer process, thereby improving the air cooling and heat dissipation effect of the single cell 210.

[0059] Furthermore, the cover plate assembly 170 includes a first cover plate 171 and a second cover plate 172. The first cover plate 171, the second cover plate 172 and two adjacent single cells 210 are together arranged to form a first air duct 110, and the first cover plate 171 and the second cover plate 172 are arranged in parallel. By arranging the first cover plate 171 and the second cover plate 172, the first air duct 110 is formed with an air inlet 111, which limits the flow direction of the wind and reduces the loss of air volume.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, optionally, the cover plate assembly 170 also includes a third cover plate 173, and the third cover plate 173, the first cover plate 171, the second cover plate 172 and one of the single cells 210 together define the first air duct 110, and the third cover plate 173 is vertically arranged with the first cover plate 171 and the second cover plate 172, respectively, so as to increase the number of first air ducts 110 and improve the area range of the first air ducts 110 for air cooling and heat dissipation of the single cells 210.

[0061] An embodiment of the utility model further provides an energy storage device (not shown in the figure), including the heat dissipation device 100 described in any of the above embodiments, and the energy storage device has all the beneficial effects of the heat dissipation device 100 described in any of the above embodiments, or the battery module 200 described in any of the above embodiments, and the energy storage device has all the beneficial effects of the battery module 200 described in any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0062] In all examples shown and described herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting, and thus other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0063] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation device, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device has a first direction and a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are arranged at an angle, and the heat dissipation device comprises: A plurality of first air ducts arranged along the first direction, each of the first air ducts being provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; A flow limiting member is arranged at each of the air outlets and closes the air outlets, a through hole group is arranged on the flow limiting member at a position corresponding to each of the air outlets, each of the through hole groups includes a plurality of through holes, and the porosity of at least two of the through hole groups are different; a second air duct arranged along the second direction, the second air duct being connected to the first air duct through the through hole group, and the second air duct being provided with at least one air outlet; The fan device is arranged at the air outlet.

2. The heat dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the air outlet is one, the porosity of each through hole group is different, and along the second direction, the porosity of the through hole group away from the air outlet gradually increases, and the porosity of the through hole group at the air outlet is the smallest.

3. The heat dissipation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the exhaust ports is greater than one, any of the exhaust ports is disposed in the second air duct, and the porosity of the through hole group gradually decreases toward a position close to any of the exhaust ports.

4. The heat dissipation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The apertures of the through holes in each of the through hole groups are different, and / or the number of the through holes in each of the through hole groups is different.

5. The heat dissipation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The porosity is φ, which satisfies 0.1≤φ≤1.

6. The heat dissipation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Along the second direction, a plurality of first air ducts are arranged on opposite sides of the second air duct.

7. A battery module, comprising a plurality of single cells, characterized in that: It also includes the heat dissipation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an opening is provided between every two current limiting members along the first direction, each single battery cell closes one of the openings, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

8. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The single battery comprises tabs arranged on the same side; The heat dissipation device also has a third direction, which is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction respectively. Along the third direction, each of the through hole groups includes a first sub-through hole group and a second sub-through hole group. The first sub-through hole group is arranged at an end close to the pole ear, and the second sub-through hole group is arranged at an end away from the pole ear. The porosity of the first sub-through hole group is greater than the porosity of the second sub-through hole group.

9. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each first air duct includes a cover plate assembly, and the single battery and the cover plate assembly together define a first air duct.

10. The battery module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cover plate assembly includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate. Two adjacent single cells and the cover plate assembly together define a first air duct. The first cover plate and the second cover plate are arranged in parallel.

11. The battery module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The cover plate assembly further includes a third cover plate. The third cover plate, the first cover plate, the second cover plate and the single battery together define the first air duct. The third cover plate is vertically arranged with the first cover plate and the second cover plate respectively.

12. An energy storage device, characterized in that: A heat dissipation device comprising any one of claims 1 to 6 or a battery module comprising any one of claims 7 to 11.

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