Mountain tunnel waterproof structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel waterproofing, and discloses a mountain tunnel waterproof structure which comprises a tunnel body, a water absorption structure, a water insulation structure and a water storage structure, the tunnel body is composed of a foundation, a tunnel outlet lining and a tunnel second lining, the tunnel outlet lining and the tunnel second lining are both arranged on the foundation, and a contour frame is arranged on the outer side of the tunnel outlet lining. The water absorption structure comprises an external water absorption structure and an internal water absorption structure, the external water absorption structure is arranged between the outline frame and the tunnel outlet lining, the internal water absorption structure is arranged between the tunnel outlet lining and the tunnel second lining, and the water storage structure is arranged at the bottom of the external water absorption structure; the waterproof structure is divided into the water absorption structure, the water insulation structure and the water storage structure, so that the problem that more water seeps out of the structural joints is effectively solved, the water absorbed by all the water absorption structures can be stored, water resources are saved, and the maintenance and repair cost of the mountain tunnel is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel waterproofing, and more specifically, to a mountain tunnel waterproofing structure. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels are an indispensable and important part of the transportation sector. In an era of growing traffic demand, tunnels can not only effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion, but also improve traffic safety and reduce environmental pollution. However, due to insufficient design experience and poor construction conditions in early tunnel construction, the service life of tunnels is generally low.

[0003] Since most tunnels are located underground or in mountains, they are very susceptible to erosion by groundwater or soil water, which reduces the structural strength and causes damage, seriously affecting the safety of tunnel operations. In addition, a large amount of water in the soil is not further utilized, which also leads to a large waste of water resources.

[0004] The existing tunnel waterproof structure design generally only has one waterproof layer, and there is no reinforcement design for special parts of the tunnel structure, such as the arch waist, arch top and other joints. This is especially true for tunnels located in areas with high soil moisture content. This is far from achieving the waterproof effect required by the tunnel structure, and also greatly increases the maintenance and repair costs of the tunnel support structure. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a waterproof structure for a mountain tunnel, which solves the technical problem in the related art that the tunnel structure fails to achieve the required waterproof effect and affects the operational safety.

[0006] The utility model provides a waterproof structure for a mountain tunnel, comprising a tunnel body, a water absorption structure, a water isolation structure and a water storage structure, wherein the tunnel body comprises a foundation, a tunnel outlet lining and a tunnel secondary lining, and the tunnel outlet lining and the tunnel secondary lining are both arranged on the foundation, a contour frame is arranged on the outside of the tunnel outlet lining, the water absorption structure comprises an external water absorption structure and an internal water absorption structure, the external water absorption structure is arranged between the contour frame and the tunnel outlet lining, the internal water absorption structure is arranged between the tunnel outlet lining and the tunnel secondary lining, a water pipe is arranged on the internal water absorption structure, the water isolation structure is arranged at the lower part of the internal water absorption structure, the water storage structure is arranged at the bottom of the external water absorption structure, and the water storage structure is connected to the internal water absorption structure through the water pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the internal water absorption structure includes a first water absorption layer, a second water absorption layer and a third water absorption layer, the first water absorption layer and the second water absorption layer are arranged between the tunnel outlet lining and the tunnel second lining, the third water absorption layer is arranged on the outside of the water storage structure, the water-proof structure is arranged at the lower part of the second water absorption layer, and a plurality of anchor rods are arranged on the outside of the tunnel outlet lining, one end of the anchor rod is located inside the external water absorption structure, and the external water absorption structure is inlaid and installed with the anchor rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper layer of the second water-absorbing layer is a water-permeable layer, and the water-permeable layer is connected to the tunnel lining.

[0009] Furthermore, water pipes are provided on both sides of the first water absorbing layer and the second water absorbing layer, and the water storage structure is connected to the first water absorbing layer and the second water absorbing layer through the water pipes.

[0010] Furthermore, two extrusion mechanisms are arranged inside the second water-absorbing layer. The extrusion mechanisms include an extruder, a guide rail and a moving support. The extruder and the guide rail are connected via the moving support.

[0011] Furthermore, the waterproof structure is composed of high-density polyethylene waterproof board and epoxy resin waterproof coating to fully block moisture, and the second water-absorbing layer and the third water-absorbing layer are both connected to the waterproof structure so that water on the surface of the waterproof structure can be quickly absorbed by the water-absorbing structure.

[0012] Furthermore, there are multiple water storage structures, and the multiple water storage structures are respectively arranged at the arch foot, arch top, arch shoulder and arch waist between the tunnel lining and the tunnel secondary lining. The water storage structure includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder. The inner cylinder is embedded in the outer cylinder. The interior of the inner cylinder is a hollow structure and is semi-hollowly connected to the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder is in contact with the third water absorption layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer surface of the outer cylinder is a water-permeable material for receiving the water seeped from the third water-absorbing layer, and the outer cylinder is connected to a water pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of water-permeable holes are provided on the outer side of the inner cylinder for draining the water that seeps into the outer cylinder into the inner cylinder, and the water-permeable holes are one-way water-permeable holes.

[0015] Furthermore, an annular groove is provided on the outer side of the inner cylinder, and cleaning sponge is arranged in the annular groove, and the outer side of the cleaning sponge is in contact with the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] The utility model divides the waterproof structure into three parts: a water absorption structure, a water isolation structure and a water storage structure. The whole waterproof structure utilizes multi-layer waterproofing to effectively prevent the erosion of the tunnel body by groundwater and soil water. The external water absorption structure effectively blocks the erosion of the tunnel lining by water. Then, the water isolation structure is used to block the moisture that is not absorbed by the water absorption structure or seeps out due to the oversaturation of the water absorption structure, so as to ensure the safety of the internal structure of the tunnel body. In addition, the water storage structure not only effectively solves the problem of more moisture seeping out of the structural joints, but also can store the moisture absorbed by all the water absorption structures, thereby saving water resources and greatly reducing the maintenance and repair costs of mountain tunnels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part A;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part B;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the water storage structure and the third water absorption layer in the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a front view of the water storage structure in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a top view of the water storage structure in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second water absorbing layer and the extrusion mechanism in the utility model;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the inner cylinder and the cleaning sponge in the utility model;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the explosive connection structure of the inner cylinder and the cleaning sponge in the utility model.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Tunnel body; 101. Foundation; 102. Tunnel lining; 103. Tunnel secondary lining; 2. Water absorption structure; 201. External water absorption structure; 202. Internal water absorption structure; 2021. First water absorption layer; 2022. Second water absorption layer; 2023. Third water absorption layer; 3. Water-proof structure; 4. Water storage structure; 401. Inner cylinder; 402. Outer cylinder; 5. Contour frame; 6. Water pipe; 7. Anchor rod; 8. Water-permeable layer; 9. Extrusion mechanism; 901. Extruder; 902. Guide rail; 903. Moving support; 10. Water-permeable hole; 11. Annular groove; 12. Cleaning sponge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example implementations. It should be understood that the discussion of these implementations is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the present specification. Various examples may omit, replace, or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, the features described in some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] This embodiment discloses a mountain tunnel waterproof structure, such as Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, it includes a tunnel body 1, a water absorption structure 2, a water-blocking structure 3 and a water storage structure 4, the tunnel body 1 includes a foundation 101, a tunnel lining 102 and a tunnel secondary lining 103, and the tunnel lining 102 and the tunnel secondary lining 103 are both arranged on the foundation 101, and a contour frame 5 is arranged on the outer side of the tunnel lining 102, the water absorption structure 2 includes an external water absorption structure 201 and an internal water absorption structure 202, the external water absorption structure 201 is arranged between the contour frame 5 and the tunnel lining 102, the internal water absorption structure 202 is arranged between the tunnel lining 102 and the tunnel secondary lining 103, a water pipe 6 is arranged on the internal water absorption structure 202, the water-blocking structure 3 is arranged at the lower part of the internal water absorption structure 202, the water storage structure 4 is arranged at the bottom of the external water absorption structure 201, and the water storage structure 4 is connected to the internal water absorption structure 202 through the water pipe 6;

[0032] It should be noted that the waterproof structure is divided into three structures according to the three different functions of water absorption, water isolation and water storage. The whole set of waterproof structure uses multi-layer waterproofing to effectively prevent the erosion of groundwater and soil water on the tunnel body 1. The external water absorption structure 201 effectively blocks the erosion of water on the tunnel lining 102. The water storage structure 4 directly absorbs most of the moisture that penetrates from the joints, ensuring the structural safety of the tunnel body 1.

[0033] Among them, the internal water absorption structure 202 includes a first water absorption layer 2021, a second water absorption layer 2022 and a third water absorption layer 2023. The first water absorption layer 2021 and the second water absorption layer 2022 are arranged between the tunnel lining 102 and the tunnel secondary lining 103. The third water absorption layer 2023 is arranged on the outside of the water storage structure 4. The water-proof structure 3 is arranged at the lower part of the second water absorption layer 2022. A plurality of anchor rods 7 are arranged on the outside of the tunnel lining 102. One end of the anchor rod 7 is located inside the external water absorption structure 201, and the external water absorption structure 201 and the anchor rod 7 are inlaid and installed.

[0034] It should be noted that the external water absorption structure 201 is embedded in the anchor rod 7 , which not only effectively blocks the erosion of the tunnel lining 102 by water, but also protects the end of the anchor rod 7 from erosion, thereby increasing the service life of the anchor rod 7 .

[0035] The upper layer of the second water absorbing layer 2022 is a water-permeable layer 8 , and the water-permeable layer 8 is connected to the tunnel lining 102 .

[0036] It should be noted that the water-permeable layer 8 is used to receive excess water seeping from the external water-absorbing structure 201 to prevent this water from flowing to other supporting structures.

[0037] Wherein, water pipes 6 are provided on both sides of the first water absorption layer 2021 and the second water absorption layer 2022 , and the water storage structure 4 is connected to the first water absorption layer 2021 and the second water absorption layer 2022 through the water pipes 6 .

[0038] It should be noted that, after the first water absorbing layer 2021 and the second water absorbing layer 2022 receive the excess water seeping from the external water absorbing structure 201 , the water can be introduced into the water storage structure 4 through the water pipe 6 .

[0039] Two squeezing mechanisms 9 are arranged inside the second water absorbing layer 2022 . The squeezing mechanism 9 includes an squeezer 901 , a guide rail 902 and a moving support 903 . The squeezer 901 and the guide rail 902 are connected via the moving support 903 .

[0040] It should be noted that the squeezer 901 and the moving support 903 can move toward both sides of the second water-absorbing layer 2022 on the guide rail 902 to transport the water in the second water-absorbing layer 2022 to its two ends, and transport it to the water storage structure 4 through the water pipe 6. After the water is transported, the moving support 903 will bring the squeezer 901 back to its original position to wait for the next water transportation. The guide rail 902 and the moving support 903 can be manually controlled by a computer, and an automatic program can also be set.

[0041] Among them, the waterproof structure 3 is composed of high-density polyethylene waterproof board and epoxy resin waterproof coating to fully block moisture. The second water-absorbing layer 2022 and the third water-absorbing layer 2023 are both connected to the waterproof structure 3 so that the water on the surface of the waterproof structure 3 can be quickly absorbed by the water-absorbing structure 2; the water-absorbing structure 2 is composed of polyurethane foam and super absorbent resin.

[0042] It should be noted that the waterproof structure 3 serves as the last waterproof layer to isolate the moisture that is not absorbed by the external water absorbing structure 201 or the excess moisture that overflows due to the saturation of the external water absorbing structure 201, and then the isolated moisture can be absorbed by the second water absorbing layer 2022 and the third water absorbing layer 2023.

[0043] Among them, the number of water storage structures 4 is multiple, and the multiple water storage structures 4 are respectively arranged at the arch foot, arch top, arch shoulder and arch waist between the tunnel lining 102 and the tunnel secondary lining 103, the water storage structure 4 includes an inner cylinder 401 and an outer cylinder 402, the inner cylinder 401 is embedded in the outer cylinder 402, the inner cylinder 401 is a hollow structure and is semi-hollowly connected to the outer cylinder 402, and the outer cylinder 402 is in contact with the third water absorption layer 2023;

[0044] The outer surface of the outer cylinder 402 is a water-permeable material for receiving the water seeped from the third water-absorbing layer 2023 . The outer cylinder 402 is connected to the water pipe 6 .

[0045] It should be noted that the water storage structure 4 can directly absorb most of the water that penetrates from the joints, ensuring the structural safety of the joints of the supporting structure. At the same time, the inner cylinder 401 is a hollow structure and is semi-hollowly connected to the outer cylinder 402, ensuring that the outer cylinder 402 can absorb more and temporarily store the water that seeps from the external water absorption structure 201 and the water transported from the second water absorption layer 2022, and then store it in the interior of the inner cylinder 401.

[0046] A plurality of water-permeable holes 10 are provided on the outer side of the inner cylinder 401 for guiding the water that has infiltrated into the outer cylinder 402 into the inner cylinder 401 , and the water-permeable holes 10 are one-way water-permeable holes 10 .

[0047] It should be noted that the number of water permeable holes 10 is 20. The 20 water permeable holes 10 can well ensure that water flows from the outer cylinder 402 to the inner cylinder 401 in time to expand the water storage capacity of the outer cylinder 402. At the same time, it can also avoid the phenomenon that the inner cylinder 401 reaches the maximum storage limit and cannot accept too much water, thereby causing water overflow. The inner cylinder 401 can be replaced manually. When it is found that the water in the inner cylinder 401 reaches the limit, a new inner cylinder 401 can be replaced manually without dismantling the entire water storage structure 4, which is very convenient. In addition, the water stored in the inner cylinder 401 can be used for fire fighting water. Its detachable design can be used for fire fighting in time when a fire occurs.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] like Figure 9-10 As shown, this embodiment discloses a mountain tunnel waterproofing structure, which also includes a cleaning sponge 12 arranged on the outside of the inner cylinder 401. The outer side of the inner cylinder 401 is provided with an annular groove 11, and the cleaning sponge 12 is arranged in the annular groove 11. The outer side of the cleaning sponge 12 is in contact with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 402.

[0050] It should be noted that when it is found that the water content in the inner cylinder 401 has reached the quota, the staff can use the cleaning sponge 12 to clean the inner wall of the outer cylinder 402 during the process of taking the inner cylinder 401 out from the inside of the outer cylinder 402 to prevent mud and impurities from remaining on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 402. Therefore, after the staff replaces a new inner cylinder 401, the water permeable hole 10 on the new inner cylinder 401 is not easily blocked, which will not affect the continued storage of water.

[0051] The waterproof structure design of the mountain tunnel of the utility model is as follows:

[0052] An external water absorption structure 201 is installed at the outermost layer of the tunnel main body 1 supporting structure, that is, at the end of the anchor rod 7 embedded in the tunnel lining 102, and a profile frame 5 is installed on the periphery of the external water absorption structure 201 to fix the external water absorption structure 201. The external water absorption structure 201 should cover the end of the anchor rod 7. A second water absorption layer 2022 is first installed on the inner side of the tunnel lining 102, and then a waterproof structure 3 is installed. Water storage structures are installed at the joints of the supporting structure, such as the arch foot, arch waist, arch shoulder, and arch top. Structure 4, a third water-absorbing layer 2023 should be installed on the periphery of the water storage structure 4, and finally, the internal water-absorbing structure 202 and the water storage structure 4 are connected by a water pipe 6, and the moving support 903 and the guide rail 902 in the second water-absorbing layer 2022 are programmed and powered on to control the movement of the extruder 901. It is worth noting that a water-permeable layer 8 should be used on the upper surface of the second water-absorbing layer 2022 and the outer surface of the outer cylinder 402 to receive moisture seeped out of the external water-absorbing structure 201 and the peripheral water-absorbing material.

[0053] The above describes an embodiment of the present utility model, but this embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation mode. The above-mentioned specific implementation mode is merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this embodiment, ordinary technicians in this field can also make more forms of equivalent embodiments, all of which are protected by this embodiment.

Claims

1. A mountain tunnel waterproof structure, comprising a tunnel body (1), a water absorption structure (2), a water isolation structure (3) and a water storage structure (4), characterized in that: The tunnel body (1) comprises a foundation (101), a tunnel lining (102) and a tunnel secondary lining (103), wherein the tunnel lining (102) and the tunnel secondary lining (103) are both arranged on the foundation (101), a profile frame (5) is arranged on the outside of the tunnel lining (102), and the water absorption structure (2) comprises an external water absorption structure (201) and an internal water absorption structure (202), wherein the external water absorption structure (201) is arranged between the profile frame (5) and the tunnel secondary lining (103). The internal water absorption structure (202) is arranged between the tunnel outlet lining (102) and the tunnel secondary lining (103), a water pipe (6) is arranged on the internal water absorption structure (202), the water-isolating structure (3) is arranged at the lower part of the internal water absorption structure (202), the water storage structure (4) is arranged at the bottom of the external water absorption structure (201), and the water storage structure (4) is connected to the internal water absorption structure (202) through the water pipe (6).

2. A mountain tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal water absorption structure (202) comprises a first water absorption layer (2021), a second water absorption layer (2022) and a third water absorption layer (2023); the first water absorption layer (2021) and the second water absorption layer (2022) are arranged between the tunnel outlet lining (102) and the tunnel secondary lining (103); the third water absorption layer (2023) is arranged on the outside of the water storage structure (4); the water-proof structure (3) is arranged at the lower part of the second water absorption layer (2022); a plurality of anchor rods (7) are arranged on the outside of the tunnel outlet lining (102); one end of the anchor rod (7) is located inside the external water absorption structure (201); and the external water absorption structure (201) and the anchor rod (7) are inlaid and installed.

3. A mountain tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper layer of the second water-absorbing layer (2022) is a water-permeable layer (8), and the water-permeable layer (8) is connected to the tunnel lining (102).

4. A mountain tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Water pipes (6) are provided on both sides of the first water absorption layer (2021) and the second water absorption layer (2022), and the water storage structure (4) is connected to the first water absorption layer (2021) and the second water absorption layer (2022) via the water pipes (6).

5. A mountain tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two extrusion mechanisms (9) are arranged inside the second water-absorbing layer (2022), and the extrusion mechanism (9) comprises an extruder (901), a guide rail (902) and a moving support (903), and the extruder (901) and the guide rail (902) are connected via the moving support (903).

6. A mountain tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-isolating structure (3) is composed of a high-density polyethylene waterproof board and an epoxy resin waterproof coating to fully block moisture. The second water-absorbing layer (2022) and the third water-absorbing layer (2023) are both connected to the water-isolating structure (3) so that water on the surface of the water-isolating structure (3) can be quickly absorbed by the water-absorbing structure (2). The water-absorbing structure (2) is composed of polyurethane foam and super absorbent resin.

7. A mountain tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the water storage structures (4) is multiple, and the multiple water storage structures (4) are respectively arranged at the arch foot, arch top, arch shoulder and arch waist between the tunnel lining (102) and the tunnel secondary lining (103), and the water storage structure (4) includes an inner cylinder (401) and an outer cylinder (402), the inner cylinder (401) is embedded in the outer cylinder (402), the inner cylinder (401) is a hollow structure and is semi-hollowly connected to the outer cylinder (402), and the outer cylinder (402) is in contact with the third water absorption layer (2023).

8. A mountain tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer surface of the outer cylinder (402) is made of a water-permeable material and is used to receive the water seeped from the third water-absorbing layer (2023). The outer cylinder (402) is connected to the water pipe (6).

9. A mountain tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of water-permeable holes (10) are provided on the outer side of the inner cylinder (401) for guiding the water that has seeped into the outer cylinder (402) into the inner cylinder (401), and the water-permeable holes (10) are one-way water-permeable holes (10).

10. A mountain tunnel waterproof structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: An annular groove (11) is provided on the outer side of the inner cylinder (401), a cleaning sponge (12) is arranged in the annular groove (11), and the outer side of the cleaning sponge (12) is in contact with the inner wall of the outer cylinder (402).

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