Differential mechanism, drive axle and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of differential mechanisms, in particular to a differential mechanism, a drive axle and a vehicle. The driven parts are suitable for being connected with wheels, and each driven part is provided with a sliding groove; and the linkage piece is connected with the driving piece in a sliding mode, the linkage piece is embedded in the sliding groove, and the driving piece drives the driven piece to rotate through the linkage piece. The differential mechanism is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of differentials, in particular to a differential, a drive axle and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Differentials are mainly used in the transmission of motor vehicles. They are mainly composed of left and right half-shaft gears, two planetary gears and a gear rack. When the car turns or drives on uneven roads, the differential makes the left and right wheels roll at different speeds, ensuring that the drive wheels on both sides perform pure rolling motion.

[0003] However, the existing differential has a complex structure, resulting in a high manufacturing cost. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiments of the utility model provide a differential, a drive axle and a vehicle to solve the problems of complex differential structure and high manufacturing cost in the prior art.

[0005] An embodiment of the utility model provides a differential, including a driving member; at least two driven members, the driven members are suitable for connecting with wheels, and each of the driven members is provided with a slide groove; at least one linkage member, the linkage member is slidably connected to the driving member, the linkage member is embedded in the slide groove, and the driving member drives the driven member to rotate through the linkage member.

[0006] Optionally, there are two follower members, the active member is arranged between the two follower members, the rotation axis of the follower and the rotation axis of the active member coincide, each follower is provided with a slide groove on the end face close to the active member, the slide grooves of the two follower members are symmetrically arranged about the active member, and the rotation axis of the follower passes through the center of the slide groove; along the direction of the rotation axis of the active member, the two ends of the linkage member are respectively embedded in the slide grooves of the two follower members, and the linkage member is slidably connected to the active member.

[0007] Optionally, the shape of the slide groove is one of an ellipse, a regular polygon and an equal-width curve constructed with a regular polygon with an odd number of sides.

[0008] Optionally, the linkage member is slidably connected to the active member along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member.

[0009] Optionally, the active member is provided with a guide groove, the guide groove penetrates the active member along the direction of the rotation axis of the active member, the extension direction of the guide groove is perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis of the active member, and the linkage member is inserted into the guide groove.

[0010] Optionally, a locking member is further included, wherein the locking member is connected to the linkage member, and the locking member is used to drive the linkage member to reciprocate along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member.

[0011] Optionally, the locking member is a hydraulic cylinder, which is arranged in the guide groove; the hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston rod, the cylinder body and the piston rod are slidingly connected in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member, the cylinder body and the groove wall of the guide groove close to the rotation axis of the active member are connected, and one end of the piston rod extending out of the cylinder body is connected to the linkage member.

[0012] Optionally, an elastic member is further included, one end of which is connected to the linkage member along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member, and the other end is connected to the groove wall of the guide groove close to the rotation axis of the active member.

[0013] Optionally, a countersunk hole is provided on the groove wall of the guide groove close to the rotation axis of the active member, and one end of the cylinder body away from the linkage member is embedded in the countersunk hole.

[0014] Optionally, a fastener is also included, the active part is provided with a mounting hole, the bottom wall of the countersunk hole is provided with a through hole, the mounting hole is connected to the through hole, one end of the fastener is arranged in the mounting hole, and the other end of the fastener passes through the through hole and is connected to one end of the cylinder body away from the linkage part.

[0015] Optionally, the active component is provided with an oil inlet hole, the cylinder body is provided with a hydraulic oil input hole, and the oil inlet hole is communicated with the hydraulic oil input hole.

[0016] Optionally, a roller is provided at at least one end of the linkage member along the rotation axis direction of the active member.

[0017] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the linkage member along the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member is rectangular, and two oppositely disposed side walls of the linkage member are in contact with the groove walls of the guide groove respectively.

[0018] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a drive axle, comprising the above-mentioned differential.

[0019] An embodiment of the utility model further provides a vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned drive axle.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0021] In the embodiment of the utility model, when there is no speed difference between the left and right wheels, the driving member, the linkage member and the driven member rotate synchronously; when there is a speed difference between the left and right wheels, the linkage member slides relative to the driven member in the slide groove, thereby realizing differential motion. Compared with the differential using a planetary gear structure in the prior art, the differential in the present application has a simple structure and a low manufacturing cost.

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the utility model. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the utility model, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for describing the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0024] Figure 1 An exploded view of the structure of a differential provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 A structural cross-sectional view of a differential provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a follower provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a linkage member and a piston rod provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a cylinder structure of a hydraulic cylinder provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 A structural cross-sectional view of an active component provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 A partial structural cross-sectional view of a differential provided in an embodiment of the utility model. Description of the drawings:

[0032] 1-active part, 11-guide groove, 12-countersunk hole, 13-mounting hole, 14-through hole, 15-oil inlet hole, 2-driven part, 21-slide groove, 211-groove top, 3-linkage part, 4-locking part, 41-cylinder body, 411-hydraulic oil input hole, 42-piston rod, 5-elastic part, 6-fastener, 7-transmission shaft, 8-housing, 81-round hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can also be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 The embodiment of the utility model provides a differential, which includes an active member 1; at least two driven members 2, the driven members 2 are suitable for connecting with wheels, and each of the driven members 2 is provided with a slide groove 21; at least one linkage member 3, the linkage member 3 is slidably connected with the active member 1, the linkage member 3 is embedded in the slide groove 21, and the active member 1 drives the driven member 2 to rotate through the linkage member 3.

[0035] Specifically, the number of the followers 2 can be two or four. The followers 2 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the wheels. When there are two followers 2, one group of left and right wheels can be driven to achieve differential motion; when there are four followers, two groups of left and right wheels can be driven to achieve differential motion.

[0036] In this embodiment, when there is no speed difference between the left and right wheels, the driving member 1, the linkage member 3 and the driven member 2 rotate synchronously; when there is a speed difference between the left and right wheels, the linkage member 3 slides relative to the driven member 2 in the slide groove 21, thereby achieving differential motion. Compared with the differential using a planetary gear structure in the prior art, the differential in this embodiment has a simpler structure and lower manufacturing cost.

[0037] Optionally, refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 There are two driven members 2, the active member 1 is arranged between the two driven members 2, the rotation axis of the driven member 2 coincides with the rotation axis of the active member 1, and each of the driven members 2 is provided with a slide groove 21 on the end face close to the active member 1, the slide grooves 21 of the two driven members 2 are symmetrically arranged about the active member 1, and the rotation axis of the driven member 2 passes through the center of the slide groove 21; at least one linkage member 3, along the direction of the rotation axis of the active member 1, the two ends of the linkage member 3 are respectively embedded in the slide grooves 21 of the two driven members 2, and the linkage member 3 is slidably connected with the active member 1 along the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member 1.

[0038] Specifically, the active member 1 and the driven member 2 can be a disc or a square plate, and their shapes can be flexibly designed according to the transmission requirements, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit them. The shape of the linkage member 3 can be a cylinder or a cuboid, and their shapes can be flexibly designed according to the transmission requirements, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit them; the number of linkage members 3 can be only one, or multiple linkage members 3 can be set. Those skilled in the art can flexibly select the number according to the size of the transmission force. When the number of linkage members 3 is multiple, multiple linkage members 3 are arranged around the rotation axis of the active member 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, the end of the linkage member 3 is embedded in the slide groove 21 and can slide along the slide groove 21. When the end of the linkage member 3 slides in the same direction as the driven member 2, the rotation speed of the linkage member 3 is greater than the rotation speed of the driven member 2, that is, the driven member 2 lags behind the linkage member 3. Conversely, when the end of the linkage member 3 slides in the opposite direction of the driven member 2, the rotation speed of the linkage member 3 is less than the rotation speed of the driven member 2, that is, the driven member 2 is ahead of the linkage member 3.

[0040] When there is no speed difference between the two driven members 2, the linkage member 3 and the active member 1 remain in a relatively static state, and the active member 1, the linkage member 3 and the two driven members 2 rotate synchronously; if there is a speed difference between the two driven members 2, the linkage member 3 slides back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member 1, and the end of the linkage member 3 connected to the faster rotating driven member 2 slides in the opposite direction of the faster rotating driven member 2 in the slide groove 21, while the end connected to the slower rotating driven member 2 slides in the same direction as the slower rotating driven member 2 in the slide groove 21, and the two ends of the linkage member 3 move in opposite directions in their respective corresponding slide grooves 21, thereby realizing differential motion; compared with the prior art, the differential in this scheme has a simple structure and a low manufacturing cost.

[0041] Optionally, the shape of the slide groove 21 is one of an ellipse, a regular polygon, and an equal-width curve constructed with a regular polygon with an odd number of sides.

[0042] Specifically, the slide groove 21 provides a guide for the sliding of the linkage member 3. The shape of the slide groove 21 is an ellipse, a regular polygon, or an equal-width curve constructed with a regular polygon with an odd number of sides, which can reduce the probability of the linkage member 3 getting stuck during the transmission process, thereby making the transmission smoother.

[0043] Optionally, refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 The active member 1 is provided with a guide groove 11, and the guide groove 11 penetrates the active member 1 along the direction of the rotation axis of the active member 1. The extension direction of the guide groove 11 is perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis of the active member 1, and the linkage member 3 is penetrated in the guide groove 11.

[0044] Specifically, a guide groove 11 is provided on the active member 1. When the active member 1 is disc-shaped, the length direction of the guide groove 11 is parallel to the radial direction of the active member 1. When there is a speed difference between the two driven members 2, the middle part of the linkage member 3 slides back and forth in the radial direction of the active member 1 in the guide groove 11, and the end of the linkage member 3 connected to the driven member 2 with a faster speed slides in the slide groove 21 in the opposite direction to the driven member 2 with a faster speed, while the end connected to the driven member 2 with a slower speed slides in the slide groove 21 in the same direction as the driven member 2 with a slower speed. The two ends of the linkage member 3 move in opposite directions in their respective corresponding slide grooves 21, thereby realizing differential motion.

[0045] In this embodiment, the guide groove 11 is used to limit the movement direction of the linkage member 3, thereby reducing the probability of shaking of the linkage member 3, thereby making the transmission more stable.

[0046] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , and also includes a locking member 4, which is connected to the linkage member 3, and the locking member 4 is used to drive the linkage member 3 to reciprocate along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member 1.

[0047] Specifically, the locking member 4 is used to drive the linkage member 3 to move. The locking member 4 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod. It only needs to be able to drive the linkage member 3 to move linearly in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member 1. The embodiments of the present application do not limit it.

[0048] In this embodiment, among the two follower members 2, one follower member 2 is connected to the left wheel of the vehicle, and the other follower member 2 is connected to the right wheel of the vehicle. When the left wheel or the right wheel slips, the locking member 4 is activated, and the locking member 4 drives the linkage member 3 to move in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis toward the side away from the rotation axis until the end of the linkage member 3 and the groove wall of the slide groove 21 are tightly pressed, so that the two follower members 2 rotate synchronously with the active member 1 to achieve speed locking.

[0049] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 The locking member 4 is a hydraulic cylinder, which is arranged in the guide groove 11; the hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body 41 and a piston rod 42, and the cylinder body 41 and the piston rod 42 are slidably connected in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member 1, the cylinder body 41 is connected to the groove wall of the guide groove 11 close to the rotation axis of the active member 1, and one end of the piston rod 42 extending out of the cylinder body 41 is connected to the linkage member 3.

[0050] Specifically, the cylinder body 41 can be directly fixed on the groove wall of the guide groove 11 close to the rotation axis, specifically by welding or bolting; the piston rod 42 is fixedly connected to the linkage 3, specifically by welding or integral casting to connect the two as a whole; the piston rod 42 is sealedly connected to the inner cavity of the cylinder body 41. When the hydraulic cylinder is started, hydraulic oil is input into the cylinder body 41 to drive the piston rod 42 to extend until the end of the linkage 3 and the slide groove 21 are tightly abutted, thereby achieving speed locking.

[0051] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , and also includes an elastic member 5, one end of which is connected to the linkage member 3 along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member 1, and the other end is connected to the groove wall of the guide groove 11 close to the rotation axis of the active member 1.

[0052] Specifically, the elastic member 5 can be a spring or an elastic washer; the spring or elastic washer is arranged on the groove wall of the linkage member 3 and the guide groove 11 close to the rotation axis. In the process of synchronous rotation of the two transmission members, the linkage member 3 is acted upon by the spring or the elastic washer so that the end of the linkage member 3 can contact the farthest point from the center of the slide groove 21, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the slide groove 21 is an arc triangle, the farthest point is the groove top 211. Since a corner structure is formed at the groove top 211, the end of the linkage member 3 is stably in contact with the slide groove 21, and the probability of the linkage member 3 slipping is reduced during the transmission process, so as to achieve stable constant speed transmission. In addition, when there is a speed difference between the two transmission members, the spring or elastic washer can provide a buffer and guide effect for the linkage member 3.

[0053] It should be noted that when the differential includes a locking member 4, a spring or an elastic washer is sleeved on the piston rod 42. When the hydraulic cylinder is not started, that is, the piston rod 42 can be freely extended and retracted, the spring or the elastic washer can also reduce the probability of slipping of the linkage member 3, thereby achieving stable constant-speed transmission and providing buffering and guiding effects for the linkage member 3.

[0054] In addition, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the differential also includes a housing 8, which includes a left half and a right half. The left half and the right half are spliced ​​together to form a cavity for accommodating the active member 1, the linkage member 3 and the two driven members 2; a transmission shaft 7 is provided on the end face of each driven member 2 away from the active member 1, and the transmission shaft 7 is used to connect with the wheels. A circular hole 81 for the transmission shaft 7 to pass through is provided on the left half and the right half of the housing 8.

[0055] Optionally, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7A countersunk hole 12 is provided on the groove wall of the guide groove 11 close to the rotation axis of the active member 1 , and one end of the cylinder body 41 away from the linkage member 3 is embedded in the countersunk hole 12 .

[0056] Specifically, one end of the cylinder body 41 is embedded in the countersunk hole 12 , thereby achieving a fixed connection between the hydraulic cylinder and the active component 1 .

[0057] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 7 , also includes a fastener 6, the active part 1 is provided with a mounting hole 13, the bottom wall of the countersunk hole 12 is provided with a through hole 14, the mounting hole 13 is connected to the through hole 14, one end of the fastener 6 is arranged in the mounting hole 13, and the other end of the fastener 6 passes through the through hole 14 and is connected to the end of the cylinder body 41 away from the linkage part 3.

[0058] Specifically, the fastener 6 may be a bolt or a pin, and the mounting hole 13 facilitates the insertion of the bolt or the pin into the through hole 14 to connect the cylinder body 41 and the active member 1 as a whole, thereby further improving the connection strength between the two; Figure 7 As shown, when bolts are used, a threaded hole can be set at the end of the cylinder body 41 away from the linkage member 3, the threaded hole is arranged opposite to and connected to the through hole 14, and one end of the bolt is inserted into the threaded hole to connect the active member 1 and the cylinder body 41 as a whole by using bolts.

[0059] Optionally, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 The active component 1 is provided with an oil inlet hole 15 , and the cylinder body 41 is provided with a hydraulic oil input hole 411 , and the oil inlet hole 15 is communicated with the hydraulic oil input hole 411 .

[0060] Specifically, the oil inlet hole 15 is connected to the hydraulic oil input hole 411 , and hydraulic oil is transported to the inner cavity of the cylinder body 41 via the oil inlet hole 15 and the hydraulic oil input hole 411 , thereby providing kinetic energy for the extension and retraction of the piston rod 42 .

[0061] Optionally, along the rotation axis direction of the active member 1 , at least one end of the linkage member 3 is provided with a roller.

[0062] Specifically, a roller can be provided at one end of the linkage member 3, or at both ends of the linkage member 3, so as to reduce the friction between the linkage member 3 and the slide groove 21, thereby reducing wear; the roller can be a universal wheel.

[0063] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The cross-sectional shape of the linkage member 3 along the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member 1 is rectangular, and the two oppositely disposed side walls of the linkage member 3 are in contact with the groove walls of the guide groove 11 respectively.

[0064] Specifically, the linkage member 3 is a rod with a rectangular cross section, and the side wall of the linkage member 3 contacts the groove wall of the guide groove 11, thereby preventing the linkage member 3 from rotating around the axis of the piston rod 42, so as to improve the stability of the transmission. A cylindrical structure is provided at the end of the linkage member 3. When the end of the linkage member 3 slides in the slide groove 21, the side wall of the cylindrical structure contacts the groove wall of the slide groove 21, and the side wall of the cylindrical structure forms a transition arc surface, thereby reducing the friction resistance generated during sliding, so as to improve the stability of the transmission.

[0065] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a drive axle, which includes the above-mentioned differential.

[0066] Specifically, the drive axle is located at the end of the vehicle transmission system and is used to change the speed and torque from the transmission and transmit them to the drive wheels. The drive axle includes structures such as a reducer, a differential, a wheel transmission device and a drive axle housing. The drive axle adopts the differential described in the above embodiment, which can simplify the drive axle structure and reduce the manufacturing cost of the entire drive axle.

[0067] An embodiment of the utility model further provides a vehicle, which comprises the above-mentioned drive axle.

[0068] Specifically, the drive axle in the aforementioned embodiment can be applied to vehicles, thereby simplifying the drive axle structure and reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire vehicle.

[0069] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A differential, characterized in that: include: Active parts; At least two followers, the followers are suitable for connecting with the wheels, and each of the followers is provided with a slide groove; At least one linkage member, the linkage member is slidably connected to the active member, the linkage member is embedded in the slide groove, and the active member drives the driven member to rotate through the linkage member.

2. The differential according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two driven members, the driving member is arranged between the two driven members, the rotation axis of the driven member coincides with the rotation axis of the driving member, each driven member is provided with a slide groove on its end face close to the driving member, the slide grooves of the two driven members are symmetrically arranged with respect to the driving member, and the rotation axis of the driven member passes through the center of the slide groove; Along the rotation axis direction of the active member, two ends of the linkage member are respectively embedded in the sliding grooves of the two driven members, and the linkage member is slidably connected to the active member.

3. The differential according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shape of the chute is one of an ellipse, a regular polygon and an equal-width curve constructed with a regular polygon with an odd number of sides.

4. The differential according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage member is slidably connected to the active member along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member.

5. The differential according to claim 2, characterized in that: The active member is provided with a guide groove, the guide groove penetrates the active member along the direction of the active member's rotation axis, the extension direction of the guide groove is perpendicular to the direction of the active member's rotation axis, and the linkage member is inserted in the guide groove.

6. The differential according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a locking member, which is connected to the linkage member and is used to drive the linkage member to reciprocate along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member.

7. The differential according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking member is a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the guide groove; The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston rod, the cylinder body and the piston rod are slidably connected in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member, the cylinder body is connected to the groove wall of the guide groove close to the rotation axis of the active member, and one end of the piston rod extending out of the cylinder body is connected to the linkage member.

8. The differential according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an elastic member, one end of which is connected to the linkage member along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member, and the other end is connected to the groove wall of the guide groove close to the rotation axis of the active member.

9. The differential according to claim 7, characterized in that: A countersunk hole is arranged on the groove wall of the guide groove close to the rotation axis of the active member, and one end of the cylinder body away from the linkage member is embedded in the countersunk hole.

10. The differential according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a fastener, the active part is provided with a mounting hole, the bottom wall of the countersunk hole is provided with a through hole, the mounting hole is connected to the through hole, one end of the fastener is arranged in the mounting hole, and the other end of the fastener passes through the through hole and is connected to one end of the cylinder body away from the linkage part.

11. The differential according to claim 7, characterized in that: The active component is provided with an oil inlet hole, and the cylinder body is provided with a hydraulic oil input hole, and the oil inlet hole is communicated with the hydraulic oil input hole.

12. The differential according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the rotation axis direction of the active member, at least one end of the linkage member is provided with a roller.

13. The differential according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the linkage member along the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the active member is rectangular, and two oppositely disposed side walls of the linkage member are in contact with the groove walls of the guide groove respectively.

14. A drive axle, characterized in that: A differential comprising the differential described in any one of claims 1-13.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that: Includes the drive axle as claimed in claim 14.

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