Assembly type intramedullary fixing device for proximal femur fracture

Abstract

The utility model discloses an assembly type proximal femur fracture intramedullary fixing device, which relates to the field of orthopedic medical instruments, and comprises an intramedullary nail, a distal fixing nail and a proximal fixing nail, the proximal fixing nail comprises a rotary tool bit, a sleeve, a push nail and an umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail, the rotary tool bit is arranged at the front end of the sleeve, and the push nail is arranged at the rear end of the sleeve. The interior of the sleeve is a containing space with an opening facing the tail end, the sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped channel, the arc-shaped channel is communicated with the interior containing space of the sleeve and the exterior of the sleeve, the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail is arranged in the interior containing space of the sleeve and can extend out of the sleeve along the arc-shaped channel, and the push nail is arranged behind the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail. The umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail can support all places of the femoral head, the problem of stress concentration caused by a single supporting point is avoided, the number of the umbrella nail of the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail can be one or more, and personalized application can be carried out according to the actual condition of a patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fractures. Background Art

[0002] As a commonly used internal fixator in orthopedic surgery, intramedullary nails have been used to treat limb fractures for a long time. As early as more than 100 years ago, people used rods made of different materials to conduct animal experiments and clinical observations. my country began to use it in the 1990s, and then began to apply it in clinical practice and was widely promoted. After repeated improvements, it has been used to this day.

[0003] The intramedullary nail fixation method is symmetrical central internal splint fixation. The fixation of fractures is stress-distributed fixation rather than stress-shielding fixation, in order to promote the shaping of callus. Central fixation is theoretically superior to cortical external fixation because it can reduce the force arm, reduce the incidence of valgus and valgus angulation, and internal fixation failure. Intramedullary nail fixation can provide a good basis for closed reduction or limited open reduction.

[0004] In the prior art, due to the particularity of the proximal femoral force line, the proximal fixation nail of the intramedullary nail is prone to rotation and displacement, resulting in non-union of the patient's fracture. In addition, the existing proximal intramedullary fixation nail relies on a single rotating blade for fixation, which easily leads to stress concentration in the femoral head. In addition, it is difficult to fix the free bone fragments for comminuted femoral head fractures. Based on this, a modular proximal femoral fracture intramedullary fixation device is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fractures, so as to solve the problems that the proximal fixation nail of the intramedullary nail is easy to rotate and displace and the free bone fragments of comminuted femoral head fractures are difficult to fix.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fractures includes an intramedullary nail and a distal fixation nail, and also includes a proximal fixation nail, the proximal fixation nail including a rotating cutter head, a sleeve, a push pin and an umbrella-shaped expansion fixation nail, the rotating cutter head is arranged at the front end of the sleeve, the interior of the sleeve is a accommodating space opening toward the tail end, the sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped channel, the arc-shaped channel connects the internal accommodating space of the sleeve with the outside of the sleeve, the umbrella-shaped expansion fixation nail is arranged in the internal accommodating space of the sleeve, the umbrella-shaped expansion fixation nail can extend out of the sleeve along the arc-shaped channel, and the push pin is arranged behind the umbrella-shaped expansion fixation nail to push the umbrella-shaped expansion fixation nail to move in the sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail includes a fixing disc and an umbrella nail, the umbrella nail is arranged on the fixing disc, the umbrella nail can extend out of the sleeve along an arc-shaped channel, and the fixing disc is arranged in the sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, a puncture portion is provided at the front end of the umbrella nail.

[0010] Furthermore, the push pin includes a push rod and a cover body, wherein the cover body is arranged at one end of the push rod, and the cover body can be screwed with the sleeve through internal and external threads.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. The umbrella-shaped expansion fixation nail expands in an umbrella shape around the proximal fixation nail through the arc channel on the sleeve, which can support various parts of the femoral head. Multiple umbrella nails disperse the pressure of the femoral head, avoiding the problem of stress concentration caused by a single support point, thereby reducing the risk of hip joint injury and device deformation.

[0013] 2. The number of umbrella nails of the umbrella-shaped expansion fixation nail can be one or more, and can be personalized according to the actual situation of the patient. For example, for comminuted fractures of the femoral head, the umbrella nail can be inserted according to the position of the free bone fragments around the patient's femoral head to connect and fix the femoral head and the free bone fragments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a front view of a modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fracture;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fracture;

[0016] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a proximal fixation nail of a modular proximal femoral fracture intramedullary fixation device;

[0017] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a push rod of a modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fractures.

[0018] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:

[0019] 1. Intramedullary nail; 2. Distal fixing nail; 3. Proximal fixing nail; 301. Rotating blade; 302. Sleeve; 303. Push nail; 3031. Push rod; 3032. Cover body; 304. Umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail; 3041. Fixing disc; 3042. Umbrella nail; 305. Arc channel; 4. Puncture part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples:

[0021] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fractures includes an intramedullary nail 1 and a distal fixation nail 2, and also includes a proximal fixation nail 3. The proximal fixation nail 3 includes a rotating cutter head 301, a sleeve 302, a push pin 303 and an umbrella-shaped expansion fixation nail 304. The rotating cutter head 301 is arranged at the front end of the sleeve 302. The interior of the sleeve 302 is a receiving space opened toward the tail end. The sleeve 302 is provided with an arc channel 305. The arc channel 305 connects the internal receiving space of the sleeve 302 with the outside of the sleeve 302. The umbrella-shaped expansion fixation nail 304 is provided In the internal accommodation space of the sleeve 302, the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail 304 can extend out of the sleeve 302 along the arc-shaped channel 305. The push pin 303 is arranged behind the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail 304, and can push the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail 304 to move in the sleeve 302. The umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail 304 includes a fixed disk 3041 and an umbrella nail 3042. The umbrella nail 3042 is arranged on the fixed disk 3041. The umbrella nail 3042 can extend out of the sleeve 302 along the arc-shaped channel 305. The fixed disk 3041 is arranged in the sleeve 302. The utility model drives the screw into the trochanter of the femur of the patient by rotating the cutter head 301, the proximal fixing screw 3 and the intramedullary screw 1 form an angle of 125°, and then the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing device is inserted into the rear end opening of the sleeve 302 by pushing the screw 303, the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing device extends out of the sleeve 302 through the arc-shaped channel 305 arranged at the bottom of the internal accommodation space of the sleeve 302, and the umbrella screw 3042 of the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing device extends around the sleeve 302 after passing through the arc-shaped channel to further fix the femoral head, and can support various parts of the femoral head. Multiple umbrella screws 3042 disperse the pressure of the femoral head, avoiding the problem of stress concentration caused by a single support point, thereby reducing the risk of hip joint injury and deformation of the instrument. The umbrella screw 3042 of the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing screw can be one or more, and can be personalized according to the actual situation of the patient. For example, for femoral head comminuted fracture, the umbrella screw can be inserted according to the position of the free bone fragments around the femoral head of the patient, and the femoral head and the free bone fragments can be connected and fixed, which is convenient for the patient to recover.

[0022] The front end of the umbrella nail 3042 is provided with a puncture portion 4. It is easier to pierce the femoral head and reinforce the femoral head.

[0023] The push pin 303 includes a push rod 3031 and a cover 3032. The cover 3032 is arranged at one end of the push rod 3031. The cover 3032 can be screwed with the sleeve 302 through internal and external threads. The push rod 3031 can push the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing pin 304 in the sleeve 302, so that the umbrella pin 3042 of the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing pin 304 extends out of the sleeve 302 along the arc-shaped channel 305 arranged at the bottom of the internal accommodation space of the sleeve 302. The cover 3032 is arranged on the opening end of the sleeve to fix the push pin 303 and the sleeve 302, so as to prevent the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing pin 304 from retreating and making the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing pin 304 not firmly fixed.

[0024] The above is only an embodiment of the utility model, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the utility model, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the utility model and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fractures, comprising an intramedullary nail (1) and a distal fixation nail (2), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a proximal fixing nail (3), wherein the proximal fixing nail (3) comprises a rotating blade head (301), a sleeve (302), a push nail (303) and an umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail (304), wherein the rotating blade head (301) is arranged at the front end of the sleeve (302), the interior of the sleeve (302) is a receiving space opening toward the rear end, the sleeve (302) is provided with an arc-shaped channel (305), the arc-shaped channel (305) connects the internal receiving space of the sleeve (302) with the outside of the sleeve (302), the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail (304) is arranged in the internal receiving space of the sleeve (302), the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail (304) can extend out of the sleeve (302) along the arc-shaped channel (305), and the push nail (303) is arranged behind the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail (304) and can push the umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail (304) to move in the sleeve (302).

2. The modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The umbrella-shaped expansion fixing nail (304) comprises a fixing disc (3041) and an umbrella nail (3042). The umbrella nail (3042) is arranged on the fixing disc (3041). The umbrella nail (3042) can extend out of the sleeve (302) along the arc-shaped channel (305). The fixing disc (3041) is arranged in the sleeve (302).

3. The modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fracture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front end of the umbrella nail (3042) is provided with a puncture portion (4).

4. The modular intramedullary fixation device for proximal femoral fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push pin (303) comprises a push rod (3031) and a cover body (3032). The cover body (3032) is arranged at one end of the push rod (3031). The cover body (3032) can be screwed with the sleeve (302) through internal and external threads.

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