Power domain control system architecture of electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides an electric automobile power domain control system architecture, and belongs to the technical field of electric automobile power systems. According to the domain control system architecture, through the design of the integrated domain controller, the problem that an automobile power domain control system in the prior art cannot be suitable for a power system of a rear-drive electric automobile is solved. The power domain control system architecture of the electric vehicle comprises a domain controller and a power supply system for providing power, and a charging system, a power conversion system and a power distribution system are installed in the domain controller; the charging system and the power conversion system are of an integrated structure, a domain control mainboard is installed in the domain controller, and the domain control mainboard is integrated with a whole vehicle controller and a motor controller. The power distribution system comprises a first power distribution box and a second power distribution box. The first power distribution box distributes electric energy of the power supply system to the air conditioner compressor, the passenger compartment heater and the power conversion system. The second power distribution box distributes electric energy of the power supply system to the auxiliary power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric vehicle power systems, and in particular to an electric vehicle power domain control system architecture. Background Art

[0002] The automotive domain controller is a new type of automotive electronic controller that accompanies the evolution of the vehicle's electronic and electrical architecture. It enables vehicles to have the capabilities of multi-sensor fusion, positioning, path planning, and decision-making control. With the increase in electronic controllers (ECUs) in cars, not only has the wiring harness design become very complex, but the logic control of the entire vehicle has also become very complicated. To solve the problem, designers use the domain architecture to achieve the following functions:

[0003] 1. Separate the sensor from the processor. The sensor and ECU are no longer in a one-to-one relationship, making management easier;

[0004] 2. Integration to reduce the number of ECUs;

[0005] 3. Increase the scalability and applicability of the platform.

[0006] The architecture of existing automotive power domain controller systems is mostly an all-in-one or domain control package technical solution. The so-called all-in-one power domain controller is a device that integrates multiple power domain control functions. It achieves efficient operation of the system by accurately controlling and adjusting devices located in different positions of the vehicle. It can simultaneously control multiple power domains such as electricity, machinery, and fluid to achieve coordination and balance of power transmission and conversion. This technical solution is widely used in front-wheel drive vehicles, and has relatively high requirements on the length of the entire vehicle.

[0007] As for the more common driving mode in electric vehicles, namely rear-wheel drive electric vehicles, the all-in-one domain controller cannot be applied to the power system of rear-wheel drive electric vehicles because many functions are limited to the power system. In addition, many modules inside the front-wheel drive vehicle have changed their installation positions compared to the rear-wheel drive vehicle that is more common in electric vehicles. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle power domain control system architecture to solve the problem that the vehicle power domain control system in the prior art cannot be applied to the power system of rear-wheel drive electric vehicles.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the utility model provides an electric vehicle power domain control system architecture, including a domain controller and a power supply system for providing power, wherein the domain controller is equipped with a charging system, a power conversion system and a power distribution system; the charging system and the power conversion system are an integrated structure, and a domain control mainboard is installed in the domain controller, and the domain control mainboard integrates a vehicle controller and a motor controller.

[0010] Optionally, the power distribution system includes a first distribution box and a second distribution box; the first distribution box distributes the electric energy of the power supply system to the air-conditioning compressor, the passenger compartment heater and the power conversion system; the second distribution box distributes the electric energy of the power supply system to the auxiliary power supply.

[0011] Optionally, the power inlet of the first distribution box is provided with a circuit fuse, and the circuit of the passenger compartment heater is provided with a relay.

[0012] Optionally, the domain control mainboard is also integrated with a power supply controller.

[0013] Optionally, the power controller controls the power supply system and the power distribution system.

[0014] Optionally, the power supply system includes a power battery pack and an auxiliary battery.

[0015] Optionally, the power battery pack is provided with an enabling fuse, and the auxiliary battery is provided with an output fuse; the enabling fuse includes an enabling relay, a water pump relay and a vacuum pump relay.

[0016] Optionally, the domain controller is further integrated with a first distribution box circuit fault detection function and a second distribution box circuit fault detection function.

[0017] Optionally, the housing of the domain controller also serves as the housing of the passenger compartment heater.

[0018] Optionally, the water channels of the passenger compartment heater are internally connected to the charging system.

[0019] As described above, the electric vehicle power domain control system architecture of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Compared with the prior art in which the devices located at different positions of the front-wheel drive vehicle are precisely controlled and adjusted by the domain controller, the electric vehicle power domain control system architecture of this invention installs the charging system, power conversion system and power distribution system in the domain controller, and the charging system and the power conversion system are an integrated structure. The domain control mainboard integrates the vehicle controller and the motor controller, so that the functions of the domain controller are more centralized. The entire domain controller can be installed in one position of the electric vehicle, reducing the use of cables. The power supply system can also be powered nearby, reducing costs and improving the reliability of the system architecture.

[0021] 2. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture includes a first distribution box and a second distribution box through a power distribution system in a domain controller. The first distribution box distributes the electric energy of the power supply system to the air-conditioning compressor, the passenger compartment heater and the power conversion system. Compared with the prior art, the air-conditioning compressor, the passenger compartment heater and the power conversion system each distribute electric energy by their own power distribution devices, which reduces the total length of the cables, further reduces the production cost and improves the reliability of the system architecture.

[0022] 3. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture is designed in such a way that the shell of the domain controller also serves as the shell of the passenger compartment heater, and is combined with the design of the internal connection of the water channel of the passenger compartment heater and the charging system. Compared with the existing design, it saves the shell of the passenger compartment heater and reduces its external water pipe interfaces, thereby reducing the production cost of the entire electric vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle power domain control system architecture of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the appearance of an electric vehicle power domain controller of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an electric vehicle power domain controller of the present utility model.

[0026] Component number description

[0027] Domain controller 1, charging system 11, power conversion system 12, domain control mainboard 14, vehicle controller 141, motor controller 142, air-conditioning compressor 15, passenger compartment heater 16, power battery pack 21, auxiliary battery 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by means of specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 3 . It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the utility model, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the utility model, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the utility model. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the utility model. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the utility model without substantially changing the technical content.

[0030] The following embodiments are only for illustration purposes and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0031] See also Figure 1 The utility model provides an electric vehicle power domain control system architecture, including a domain controller 1 and a power supply system that provides power. The so-called domain controller 1, abbreviated as "DC" in English, integrates multiple electronic controllers and uses a multi-core chip with powerful processing capabilities to relatively concentrate the functions originally belonging to each electronic controller in the control domain.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the domain controller 1 is equipped with a charging system 11, a power conversion system 12 and a power distribution system; the charging system 11 and the power conversion system 12 are an integrated structure, and the domain controller 1 is installed with a domain control mainboard 14, and the domain control mainboard 14 integrates a vehicle controller 141 and a motor controller 142. Compared with the prior art in which the devices located at different positions of the front-drive vehicle are precisely controlled and adjusted by the domain controller 1, by installing the charging system 11, the power conversion system 12 and the power distribution system in the domain controller 1, and the charging system 11 and the power conversion system 12 are an integrated structure, and the domain control mainboard 14 integrates the vehicle controller 141 and the motor controller 142, the function of the domain controller 1 is more centralized, and the entire domain controller 1 can be installed at one position of the electric vehicle, reducing the use of cables, and the power supply system can also be powered nearby, reducing costs and improving the reliability of the system architecture.

[0033] The power supply system includes a power battery pack 21 and an auxiliary battery 22. The auxiliary battery 22 uses a sodium ion battery with good temperature performance. The following will introduce the specific functions of other modules based on this.

[0034] The charging system 11 is an on-board charger for electric vehicles, and its English name is On-Board Charger, or OBC for short. It is a device that converts AC power into DC power. It converts the AC voltage of the charging station into the DC voltage required by the battery of the electric vehicle power supply system; OBC is installed in electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and it uses AC power from residential or public charging stations to charge these vehicles. One advantage of using an on-board charger for the charging system 11 is that the electric vehicle can be charged using a power socket at home. In addition, the main function of the on-board charger is to manage the charging process from the power grid to the power battery, and OBC charges the battery faster while minimizing battery degradation. AC chargers provide two charging modes: constant current and constant voltage. Constant current can charge the battery faster, but it cannot charge the vehicle to a full charge; constant voltage is also called trickle charging, which has a slower charging speed, but has stronger control capabilities and can charge the vehicle to a full charge. In order to optimize the charging speed, the OBC of the power domain control system architecture uses a constant current at the beginning of the charging cycle and switches to a constant voltage charging mode at the end of the charging cycle.

[0035] The power conversion system 12 is a direct current power converter, abbreviated as "DC / DC" in English, which converts electrical energy of one voltage value into electrical energy of another voltage value in a direct current circuit so that the power battery pack 21 and the auxiliary battery 22 can power all modules of the electric vehicle.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the charging system 11 and the power conversion system 12 are an integrated structure, that is, the on-board charger (OBC) and the direct current power converter (DC / DC) are integrated and shared, thereby reducing the number of components of the high-voltage power system, reducing the production cost of electric vehicles, and improving the working reliability of the power system.

[0037] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 The power distribution system is composed of multiple power distribution units, referred to as PDU in English, and the power distribution system includes a first distribution box and a second distribution box; the first distribution box distributes the electric energy of the power supply system to the air-conditioning compressor 15, the passenger compartment heater 16 and the power conversion system 12; obviously, through the module of the first distribution box distributing electric energy, we can know that the first distribution box is a high-voltage distribution box, referred to as BDU in English; the passenger compartment heater 16 is referred to as PTC.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the second distribution box distributes the electric energy of the power supply system to the auxiliary power supply. The second distribution box is a low-voltage distribution box, referred to as AFB in English.

[0039] Compared with the prior art in which the air-conditioning compressor 15, the passenger compartment heater 16 and the power conversion system 12 each distribute electrical energy by their own power distribution devices, and then find a special low-voltage distribution box to distribute electrical energy to the auxiliary power supply, i.e., the auxiliary battery 22, the technical solution of this embodiment reduces the total length of the cable, further reduces the production cost and improves the reliability of the system architecture.

[0040] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 The power inlet of the first distribution box is provided with a circuit fuse, and the circuit of the passenger compartment heater 16 is provided with a relay, so as to improve the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle power system.

[0041] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 The domain control motherboard 14 also integrates a power controller, namely a battery management system, referred to as BMS in English, which further reduces the number of components in the system.

[0042] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 The power controller controls the power supply system and the power distribution system, that is, distributes them into the power battery pack 21 and the auxiliary battery 22 mentioned above. At the same time, the domain control motherboard 14 can detect and manage the power battery pack 21 and the auxiliary battery 22, and can distribute energy according to the real-time energy situation, which solves the current problem that the domain controller 1 cannot manage the low-voltage auxiliary power supply, causing the risk of low-voltage auxiliary battery 22 power supply.

[0043] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 An enabling fuse is provided on the power battery pack 21, and an output fuse is provided on the auxiliary battery 22; the enabling fuse includes an enabling relay, a water pump relay and a vacuum pump relay. While further improving the safety and reliability of the electric vehicle power system, these relays are integrated into the domain controller 1, and the total length of the low-voltage cables in the electric vehicle is further controlled. In addition, the water pump and vacuum boost system of the electric vehicle can be controlled nearby, making the operation more reliable.

[0044] In another embodiment, see Figure 1 The domain controller 1 also integrates the first distribution box circuit fault detection function and the second distribution box circuit fault detection function. Combined with other systems that have been integrated in the domain controller 1, the domain controller 1 uses the SOX algorithm (a comprehensive battery algorithm) and the control strategy of the whole vehicle to perform fault diagnosis on the power system of the electric vehicle, further improving the reliability of the vehicle and reducing the workload of after-sales actual vehicle fault judgment.

[0045] In another embodiment, see Figure 1The domain control motherboard 14 also integrates a DC motor controller (OCDC in English) and an autonomous driving computing platform (BCU in English), further reducing the number of parts in electric vehicles.

[0046] In other embodiments, as shown in the figure, the housing of the domain controller 1 is also used as the housing of the passenger compartment heater 16. The water channel of the passenger compartment heater 16 is internally connected to the charging system 11. Compared with the existing design, this saves the housing of the passenger compartment heater 16 and reduces its external water pipe interfaces, thereby reducing the production cost of the entire electric vehicle.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, through the above description, the integrated domain controller 1 can be directly installed on the electric vehicle as a complete component module; it can also be used as an accessory of the power system and installed at a suitable position of the electric vehicle by changing the structure of the shell. The domain controller 1 has good applicability and can adapt to various different models.

[0048] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention uses the domain controller 1 to precisely control and adjust the devices located at different positions of the front-drive vehicle. By installing the charging system 11, the power conversion system 12 and the power distribution system in the domain controller 1, and the charging system 11 and the power conversion system 12 are an integrated structure, and the domain control motherboard 14 integrates the vehicle controller 141 and the motor controller 142, the function of the domain controller 1 is more centralized, and the entire domain controller 1 can be installed at one position of the electric vehicle, reducing the use of cables, and the power supply system can also be powered nearby, reducing costs and improving the reliability of the system architecture; at the same time, the shell of the domain controller 1 is designed as the shell of the passenger compartment heater 16, and combined with the design of the water channel of the passenger compartment heater 16 and the internal connection of the charging system 11, compared with the existing design, the shell of the passenger compartment heater 16 is saved and the water pipe interface outside it is reduced, thereby reducing the production cost of the entire electric vehicle. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and has a high industrial utilization value.

[0049] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle power domain control system architecture, including a domain controller and a power supply system providing power, characterized in that: The domain controller is equipped with a charging system, a power conversion system and a power distribution system; The charging system and the power conversion system are of an integrated structure. A domain control mainboard is installed in the domain controller, and the domain control mainboard integrates a vehicle controller and a motor controller.

2. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power distribution system comprises a first power distribution box and a second power distribution box; The first power distribution box distributes the electrical energy of the power supply system to the air conditioning compressor, the passenger compartment heater and the power conversion system; The second power distribution box distributes the electric energy of the power supply system to the auxiliary power supply.

3. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The power inlet of the first power distribution box is provided with a circuit fuse, and the circuit of the passenger compartment heater is provided with a relay.

4. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The domain control mainboard is also integrated with a power supply controller.

5. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power controller controls the power supply system and the power distribution system.

6. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power supply system includes a power battery pack and an auxiliary battery.

7. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power battery pack is provided with an enabling fuse, and the auxiliary battery is provided with an output fuse; The enabling fuse includes an enabling relay, a water pump relay and a vacuum pump relay.

8. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The domain controller also integrates a first distribution box circuit fault detection function and a second distribution box circuit fault detection function.

9. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing of the domain controller simultaneously serves as the housing of the passenger compartment heater.

10. The electric vehicle power domain control system architecture according to claim 9, characterized in that: The passenger compartment heater has water lines and internal connections for the charging system.

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