Intelligent fuse

Abstract

The utility model provides an intelligent fuse, which belongs to the technical field of fuses, and comprises an insulating shell, an arc extinguishing cavity, an arc extinguishing cavity, an arc extinguishing cavity and a control module, and is characterized in that the insulating shell is internally provided with a stroke cavity; the impact device is movably arranged in the stroke cavity; the conductor is arranged at the communication part of the stroke cavity and the arc extinguishing cavity and extends towards the two ends of the insulating shell; the conductor comprises an impact area and a non-impact area, and the impact area comprises an enhanced conductive layer; the impact area is arranged corresponding to the impact device, and the impact device moves towards the arc extinguishing cavity to cut off the impact area. The beneficial effects are that in the intelligent fuse provided by the utility model, the conductor is provided with the impact area and the non-impact area, and the impact area comprises the enhanced conductive layer so as to realize excellent through-flow performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuses, in particular to an intelligent fuse. Background Art

[0002] With the in-depth promotion and practice of green, environmental protection and low-carbon concepts around the world, new energy vehicles, including new energy cars, new energy public transportation vehicles and new energy heavy trucks, are gradually replacing traditional fuel vehicles with their clean, efficient and low-emission characteristics, becoming the first choice for citizens' daily travel and corporate logistics transportation.

[0003] With the widespread use of new energy vehicles, especially the increasing demand for driving range, the battery capacity of new energy vehicles is also gradually increasing. Although large-capacity batteries provide vehicles with longer driving range, they also bring potential safety risks. During vehicle use, if an accident occurs and the power battery is squeezed or impacted, it may cause internal short circuits, thermal runaway, or even explosions, posing a major safety hazard to vehicle occupants and the surrounding environment.

[0004] One of the traditional circuit protection methods is to use a fuse, whose working principle is based on Joule's law, that is, when the current exceeds the preset threshold, the fuse quickly melts due to overheating, thereby cutting off the circuit and preventing further damage caused by overload or short circuit.

[0005] However, this passive protection method has obvious limitations. First, its current carrying capacity is insufficient, resulting in a long response time, and the response process is difficult to control, which often fails to effectively cut off the circuit in the first place to prevent the battery from exploding. Second, the traditional fuse has limited breaking capacity and is difficult to meet the complex circuit protection requirements under high voltage and high current. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an intelligent fuse with improved current carrying and breaking capacity, which has the characteristics of sensitive response, large current carrying and high breaking capacity to ensure the safety of vehicles under high voltage and high current.

[0007] The technical problem solved by the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] An intelligent fuse, comprising:

[0009] An insulating shell, wherein a stroke chamber and an arc extinguishing chamber are provided in the insulating shell;

[0010] an impact device, the impact device being movably disposed in the stroke chamber;

[0011] A conductor, disposed at the connection point between the stroke chamber and the arc extinguishing chamber and extending to two ends of the insulating housing;

[0012] The conductor includes an impact zone and a non-impact zone, and the impact zone includes a reinforced conductive layer;

[0013] The impact zone is arranged corresponding to the impact device, and the impact device moves toward the arc extinguishing chamber to cut off the impact zone.

[0014] Preferably, the enhanced conductive layer is made of a material having a resistance lower than a preset threshold.

[0015] Preferably, an arc striking device is also provided in the arc extinguishing chamber;

[0016] The arc striking device comprises: a plurality of arc striking plates, and the plurality of arc striking plates are stacked and arranged at a preset spacing distance and / or a preset spacing angle.

[0017] Preferably, the preset spacing distance is the same or changes gradually starting from approaching the conductor;

[0018] The preset interval angles are the same or gradually change starting from approaching the conductor.

[0019] Preferably, the plurality of arc-starting plates are arranged in a fan shape.

[0020] Preferably, two ends of the plurality of arc-starting plates are respectively fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the insulating shell.

[0021] Preferably, the impact zone is further provided with a narrow neck.

[0022] Preferably, the narrow neck is arranged in the enhanced conductive layer; and / or

[0023] The enhanced conductive layer is disposed in the narrow neck.

[0024] Preferably, the narrow neck includes one or more combinations of a V-shaped narrow neck, an O-shaped narrow neck, and a U-shaped narrow neck.

[0025] Preferably, the narrow neck is a through hole and / or a non-through slot.

[0026] The advantages or beneficial effects of the technical solution of the utility model are:

[0027] In the intelligent fuse provided by the utility model, the conductor is provided with an impact zone and a non-impact zone, and the impact zone includes an enhanced conductive layer made of a low-resistance material to achieve excellent current-carrying performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of an intelligent fuse in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an intelligent fuse in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of an arc-starting plate in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of an arc-starting plate in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a conductor including an enhanced conductive layer in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a conductor including a reinforced conductive layer and a V-shaped narrow neck in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a conductor including a reinforced conductive layer, a V-shaped narrow neck and an O-shaped narrow neck in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a conductor including a reinforced conductive layer, a V-shaped narrow neck and an O-shaped narrow neck in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of a conductor including an enhanced conductive layer, an O-shaped narrow neck and a U-shaped narrow neck in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of a conductor including a reinforced conductive layer, a V-shaped narrow neck and an O-shaped narrow neck in a preferred embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of a conductor including a reinforced conductive layer, a V-shaped narrow neck and an O-shaped narrow neck in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 10. Insulating shell; 100. Upper cover; 110. Stroke cavity; 120. Screw; 200. Base; 210. Heat dissipation hole; 220. Arc extinguishing cavity; 300. Conductor; 310. Enhanced conductive layer; 311. V-shaped narrow neck; 312. O-shaped narrow neck; 313. U-shaped narrow neck; 320. Bolt hole; 40. Impact device; 400. Gas generator; 500. Punch; 600. Arc striking plate; 610. First fixed end; 620. Second fixed end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0042] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0043] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, based on the above problems existing in the prior art, an intelligent fuse is provided, comprising:

[0046] An insulating housing 10, wherein a stroke chamber 110 and an arc extinguishing chamber 220 are provided in the insulating housing 10;

[0047] An impact device 40, the impact device 40 is movably disposed in the stroke chamber 110;

[0048] The conductor 300 is disposed at the connection point between the stroke chamber 110 and the arc extinguishing chamber 220 and extends to both ends of the insulating housing 10;

[0049] The conductor 300 includes an impact area and a non-impact area, the impact area includes an enhanced conductive layer 310, and the enhanced conductive layer 310 is made of a material with a resistance value lower than a preset threshold;

[0050] The impact zone is arranged corresponding to the impact device 40, and the impact device 40 moves toward the arc extinguishing chamber 220 to cut off the impact zone.

[0051] The insulating shell 10 of this embodiment is composed of an upper cover 100 and a base 200, the upper cover 100 is provided with a cavity, and the base 200 is provided with a concave cavity; the conductor 300 is arranged between the upper cover 100 and the base 200, the upper cover 100 and the base 200 are fixed by screws 120, and the conductor 300 and the cavity of the upper cover 100 form the above-mentioned stroke cavity 110; the conductor 300 and the concave cavity of the base 200 form the above-mentioned arc extinguishing cavity 220.

[0052] Heat dissipation holes 210 may also be provided on the insulating housing 10 to enhance the heat dissipation performance of the smart fuse.

[0053] The impact device 40 of this embodiment is composed of a gas generator 400 and a punch 500. The gas generator 400 and the punch 500 are located in the stroke chamber 110. One end of the gas generator 400 can be electrically connected to the outside.

[0054] Furthermore, the tip of the punch 500 is arranged toward the impact area of ​​the conductor 300. A closed space is formed between the end of the punch 500 facing away from the tip and the gas generator 400. Due to the existence of the closed space, the gas generated when the gas generator 400 is triggered drives the punch 500, so that the tip breaks the conductor 300.

[0055] The conductor 300 of this embodiment may be made of one or more metals, or may be made of a composite product of one or more metals and non-metals.

[0056] The conductor 300 of this embodiment is composed of an impact zone and a non-impact zone. The impact zone is the conductor area impacted by the punch 500, and the non-impact zone is the other area of ​​the conductor 300 except the impact zone. The portion of the conductor 300 extending out of the insulating shell 10 is provided with a bolt hole 320.

[0057] The impact area and the non-impact area can be made of different conductive materials respectively.

[0058] In particular, the impact area includes an enhanced conductive layer 310, and the enhanced conductive layer 310 is made of a material with a resistance value lower than a preset threshold value to achieve excellent current flow performance.

[0059] In this embodiment, the enhanced conductive layer 31 is made of a material with low resistance, such as copper and its alloys, or silver and its alloys, which has good conductivity and low resistivity, and can effectively improve the current conduction efficiency of the conductor.

[0060] Except for the enhanced conductive layer 310 , other regions are non-impact regions, which may be made of materials with higher strength, lower conductivity but lower price, such as aluminum and its alloys, iron and its alloys.

[0061] The impact zone and the non-impact zone can be connected by spot welding, or by calendering or other processing methods to form a metal composite belt.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the intelligent fuse provided by Embodiment 2 of the present utility model, an arc striking device is also provided in the arc extinguishing chamber 220;

[0064] The arc striking device comprises: a plurality of arc striking plates 600, and the plurality of arc striking plates 600 are stacked and arranged at a preset spacing distance and / or a preset spacing angle.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, the preset spacing distance is the same or gradually changes starting from close to the conductor 300;

[0066] The preset interval angles are the same or gradually change starting from approaching the conductor 300 .

[0067] Specifically, the plurality of arc-starting plates 600 are stacked and arranged with gradually varying intervals and / or intervals at equidistant angles.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of arc-starting plates 600 are arranged in a fan shape.

[0069] Specifically, the plurality of arc-starting plates 600 are arranged in a fan-shaped pattern with a preset distance and preset angle around a preset point on the lower surface of the conductor 300 as the center of the circle; the preset angles are arranged in an arithmetic progression from one end close to the conductor 300 .

[0070] Specifically, the arc-starting plates 600 are disposed in the arc-extinguishing chamber 220 , and the arc-starting plates 600 are arranged in a fan-shaped pattern at certain angles with a certain point on the bottom surface of the conductor 300 as the center, and the spacing angles are in an arithmetic progression from the end close to the conductor 300 .

[0071] When the conductor 300 is disconnected and an arc is generated, the arc-starting plate 600 generates a suction force on the arc under the action of electromagnetic force, dividing the arc into multiple partial arcs based on the arc-starting plate 600, so that the electric field strength to maintain the arc burning within a unit length is insufficient and the arc is extinguished, thereby achieving the effect of arc extinguishing.

[0072] Furthermore, the preset spacing distance and preset spacing angle may be the spacing distance and angle between two adjacent arc-striking plates 600 , or may be the relative spacing distance and angle of a single arc-striking plate 600 with respect to the conductor 300 .

[0073] Furthermore, the gradual change of the preset interval distance and the preset interval angle may be increasing or decreasing.

[0074] As a preferred embodiment, two ends of the plurality of arc-starting plates 600 are respectively fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the insulating housing 10 .

[0075] Specifically, each arc-striking plate 600 includes a first fixed end 610 and a second fixed end 620, which are respectively fixed on the inner walls on both sides of the concave cavity of the base 200 of the insulating shell 10 to ensure that the position of the arc-striking plate 600 does not move during normal use.

[0076] Furthermore, a notch is provided on a side of each arc-starting plate 600 facing the conductor 300 .

[0077] Specifically, a notch is provided on the arc-starting plate 600. The notch structure allows the arc generated when the conductor 300 is broken to be further elongated and divided into weak arcs until the arc is extinguished, thereby achieving a rapid and efficient arc extinguishing effect.

[0078] Specifically, the arc-starting plate 600 has a sheet-like structure.

[0079] Specifically, the arc-starting plate 600 may be made of ferromagnetic material.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] The smart fuse provided in Example 3 of the utility model is different from Example 1 in that the impact zone is only composed of the enhanced conductive layer 310 .

[0082] like Figure 5 As shown, the enhanced conductive layer 310 is in sheet shape, and the impact zone is formed by the enhanced conductive layer 310. The enhanced conductive layer 310 is connected across the non-impact zones at both ends, and is connected to the non-impact zones at both ends by spot welding or calendering.

[0083] The thickness of the enhanced conductive layer 310 is smaller than that of the non-impact area.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] The intelligent fuse provided in Example 4 of the utility model is different from that in Example 1 in that a narrow neck is further provided in the impact zone.

[0086] Specifically, by setting a narrow neck, a structural "weakening" design of the impact zone is achieved to reduce the structural strength of the conductor, while reducing the mass of the melt involved in gasification during disconnection to achieve high disconnection capacity. The utility model intelligent fuse has the characteristics of large through-current and high disconnection.

[0087] As a preferred embodiment, the narrow neck is a through hole and / or a non-through groove.

[0088] Specifically, the narrow neck may be in various shapes that are helpful to weaken the strength of the conductor, such as a through hole or slots of different shapes.

[0089] Furthermore, the impact zone and the non-impact zone are formed in one piece, and the thickness of the impact zone is smaller than that of the non-impact zone. The narrow neck is located in the impact zone.

[0090] Furthermore, the narrow neck may be arranged along the length direction of the conductor 300 , or may also be arranged along the width direction of the conductor 300 .

[0091] As a preferred embodiment, the enhanced conductive layer 310 is disposed in the narrow neck.

[0092] Specifically, the enhanced conductive layer 310 is overlapped in the narrow neck to greatly improve the high current carrying capacity of the smart fuse.

[0093] As a preferred embodiment, the narrow neck is a V-shaped narrow neck 311. The V-shaped narrow neck is a non-through V-shaped groove.

[0094] like Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a conductor including a reinforced conductive layer and a V-shaped narrow neck is shown; wherein the reinforced conductive layer 310 and the V-shaped narrow neck 311 are both located in the impact zone.

[0095] The enhanced conductive layer 310 is in a linear shape and is placed in the V-shaped narrow neck 311 . The mechanical strength provided by the enhanced conductive layer 310 can be ignored.

[0096] The enhanced conductive layer 310 and the V-shaped narrow neck 311 may be connected by spot welding, or may be formed into a metal composite strip by a processing method such as rolling.

[0097] Example 5

[0098] The smart fuse provided in Example 5 of the utility model is different from Example 4 in that the impact zone is composed of an enhanced conductive layer 310, a V-shaped narrow neck 311 and an O-shaped narrow neck 312.

[0099] The narrow neck is disposed in the enhanced conductive layer 310 .

[0100] Wherein, the narrow neck is a combination of a V-shaped narrow neck and an O-shaped narrow neck. The combination may include a plurality of V-shaped narrow necks and O-shaped narrow necks, respectively, and the number thereof may be set according to actual needs.

[0101] The V-shaped neck may be disposed along the length direction of the conductor 300 , or may also be disposed along the width direction of the conductor 300 .

[0102] like Figure 7 As shown, the enhanced conductive layer 310 is in sheet shape, and the impact zone is formed by the enhanced conductive layer 310. The enhanced conductive layer 310 is connected across the non-impact zones at both ends, and is connected to the non-impact zones at both ends by spot welding or rolling process. Among them, only one V-shaped narrow neck and one O-shaped narrow neck are provided, and the V-shaped narrow neck is provided along the width direction of the conductor 300, and the V-shaped narrow neck penetrates the O-shaped narrow neck, such as the V-shaped narrow neck can pass through the center of the O-shaped narrow neck.

[0103] The O-shaped narrow neck can be a through O-shaped hole or a non-through O-shaped groove.

[0104] Example 6

[0105] like Figure 8The schematic diagram of the conductor including the enhanced conductive layer 310, the V-shaped narrow neck 311 and the O-shaped narrow neck 312 is shown; in the smart fuse provided by Example 6 of the utility model, the narrow neck is also a combination of the V-shaped narrow neck and the O-shaped narrow neck. The difference from Example 5 is that:

[0106] Both the V-shaped neck 311 and the O-shaped neck 312 are located in the impact zone.

[0107] The V-shaped narrow neck 311 is arranged along the width direction of the conductor 300, and the V-shaped narrow neck 311 may or may not penetrate the O-shaped narrow neck 312. The combination may include a plurality of V-shaped narrow necks and O-shaped narrow necks, respectively, and the number of the V-shaped narrow necks may be set according to actual needs.

[0108] The enhanced conductive layer 310 is in the shape of a strip, and the strip-shaped enhanced conductive layer 310 bridges the non-impact areas at both ends and is located above the V-shaped neck 311 and the O-shaped neck 312.

[0109] The enhanced conductive layer 310 includes a plurality of layers, and the number of the layers can be set according to actual needs.

[0110] Example 7

[0111] like Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a conductor containing an enhanced conductive layer 310, an O-shaped narrow neck 312 and a U-shaped narrow neck 313 is shown; the smart fuse provided in Example 7 of the utility model is different from Example 4 in that the narrow neck is a combination of the O-shaped narrow neck 312 and the U-shaped narrow neck 313.

[0112] Furthermore, the enhanced conductive layer 310 includes at least a first conductive layer and two second conductive layers located on both sides of the first conductive layer to constitute the above-mentioned impact zone. The two second conductive layers are respectively connected across the non-impact zones at both ends and are connected to the non-impact zones at both ends by spot welding or calendering.

[0113] The first conductive layer and the two second conductive layers are both in sheet shape. The thickness of the first conductive layer is less than the thickness of the second conductive layers on both sides, and the thickness of the second conductive layer is less than the thickness of the non-impact area. The first conductive layer in the enhanced conductive layer 310 and the second conductive layers on both sides form a U-shaped narrow neck 313 structure as a whole.

[0114] The O-shaped narrow neck 312 is arranged in the enhanced conductive layer 310, that is, located in the first conductive layer and the two second conductive layers.

[0115] Furthermore, the enhanced conductive layer 310 may also present a U-shaped narrow neck 313 structure that is stepped toward both sides.

[0116] Example 8

[0117] like Fig.10The schematic diagram of the conductor including the enhanced conductive layer 310, the V-shaped narrow neck 311 and the O-shaped narrow neck 312 is shown; in the smart fuse provided by Example 8 of the utility model, the impact zone is composed of the enhanced conductive layer 310, the V-shaped narrow neck 311 and the O-shaped narrow neck 312, that is, the narrow neck is also a combination of the V-shaped narrow neck and the O-shaped narrow neck. The difference from Example 5 is:

[0118] The enhanced conductive layer 310 is in a line shape.

[0119] The O-shaped narrow neck 312 is arranged to penetrate along the width direction of the conductor 300.

[0120] The conductor 300 is grooved along its width direction to form the V-shaped neck 311 .

[0121] The V-shaped narrow neck 311 may be provided on one side of the impact zone; or the V-shaped narrow neck 311 may be provided on both sides of the impact zone.

[0122] The line-shaped enhanced conductive layer 310 is disposed in the V-shaped neck 311 .

[0123] Example 9

[0124] like Fig.11 The schematic diagram of the conductor including the enhanced conductive layer 310, the V-shaped narrow neck 311 and the O-shaped narrow neck 312 is shown; in the smart fuse provided by Example 9 of the utility model, the impact zone is composed of the enhanced conductive layer 310, the V-shaped narrow neck 311 and the O-shaped narrow neck 312, that is, the narrow neck is also a combination of the V-shaped narrow neck and the O-shaped narrow neck. The difference from Example 8 is that:

[0125] The enhanced conductive layer 310 is in the shape of a thin plate.

[0126] The non-impact areas on both sides are provided with bosses, and the thin plate-shaped enhanced conductive layer 310 is connected across the bosses, and is connected to the non-impact areas at both ends by spot welding or calendering process.

[0127] It should be noted that, in addition to the combinations shown in the above embodiments, the narrow neck may also be any other combination of a V-shaped narrow neck, an O-shaped narrow neck, a U-shaped narrow neck, or any combination of narrow necks of other shapes.

[0128] The advantages or beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the utility model is provided with a conductor composed of an impact zone and a non-impact zone, the impact zone is composed of a reinforced conductive layer, and the reinforced conductive layer adopts a low-resistance material to achieve excellent current-carrying performance; a narrow neck structure is set in the impact zone for a "weakened" design to reduce the structural strength of the conductor, while reducing the mass of the melt participating in the gasification during breaking, which helps to achieve high breaking capacity; the arc-strike devices are stacked and arranged at a certain gradual spacing or equidistant angles to achieve a high arc extinguishing function.

[0129] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the contents of this specification and illustrations should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent fuse, characterized in that: include: An insulating shell, wherein a stroke chamber and an arc extinguishing chamber are provided in the insulating shell; an impact device, the impact device being movably disposed in the stroke chamber; A conductor, disposed at the connection point between the stroke chamber and the arc extinguishing chamber and extending to two ends of the insulating housing; The conductor includes an impact zone and a non-impact zone, and the impact zone includes a reinforced conductive layer; The impact zone is arranged corresponding to the impact device, and the impact device moves toward the arc extinguishing chamber to cut off the impact zone.

2. The intelligent fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enhanced conductive layer is made of a material having a resistance value lower than a preset threshold.

3. The intelligent fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc striking device is also provided in the arc extinguishing chamber; The arc striking device comprises: a plurality of arc striking plates, and the plurality of arc striking plates are stacked and arranged at a preset spacing distance and / or a preset spacing angle.

4. The intelligent fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preset spacing distance is the same or changes gradually starting from approaching the conductor; The preset interval angles are the same or gradually change starting from approaching the conductor.

5. The intelligent fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multiple arc-starting plates are arranged in a fan shape.

6. The intelligent fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two ends of the plurality of arc-starting plates are respectively fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the insulating shell.

7. The intelligent fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact zone is also provided with a narrow neck.

8. The intelligent fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The narrow neck is arranged in the enhanced conductive layer; and / or The enhanced conductive layer is disposed in the narrow neck.

9. The intelligent fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The narrow neck includes one or more combinations of a V-shaped narrow neck, an O-shaped narrow neck, and a U-shaped narrow neck.

10. The intelligent fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The narrow neck is a through hole and / or a non-through slot.

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