Plastic extruding machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a plastic extruding machine which comprises a rack, the extrusion device is connected to the rack, the extrusion device comprises a barrel and a conveying screw arranged in the barrel, the barrel is sequentially provided with a feeding port and at least two mixing ports in the conveying direction of the conveying screw, and the screw pitch of the conveying screw between every two adjacent mixing ports is smaller than the screw pitch of the conveying screw in other positions; the mixing opening is in butt joint with an auxiliary material injection device; and the driving device drives the conveying screw rod to rotate. According to the utility model, at least two mixing ports are arranged, so that a producer can mix a glass fiber melt and a nylon melt step by step, and after primary mixing, in order to accelerate the mixing speed between the glass fiber melt and the nylon melt, the screw pitch of the conveying screw rod between the two adjacent mixing ports is narrowed, so that the flowability of the mixture between the two adjacent mixing ports is accelerated; after at least two times of mixing and homogenization, the reinforced nylon plastic with high glass fiber content can be obtained, so that advanced requirements of customers on the reinforced nylon plastic can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of plastic production, in particular to an extruder. Background Art

[0002] Compared with metal materials, plastics have the advantages of easy molding and low cost, but the mechanical strength of plastics is generally not as good as that of metal materials, and the high temperature resistance is also poor. However, with the development of technology, a raw material that can be used in gears, bearings, fan blades, pump blades, bicycle parts, automotive industry parts, fishing gear and some precision engineering products has appeared on the market - reinforced nylon plastic. This plastic is widely used because of its good wear resistance, heat resistance, oil resistance, chemical resistance, low water absorption and shrinkage, excellent dimensional stability and excellent mechanical strength.

[0003] In order to prepare reinforced nylon plastics, it is necessary to mix glass fibers into the nylon production line, but the existing production process and production equipment of reinforced nylon plastics have the following deficiencies: Although the production line of reinforced nylon plastics has introduced glass fiber mixing technology, that is, when the extruder is in production, the glass fiber melt is injected through the mixing port, but due to the poor fluidity of the glass fiber melt and the nylon melt in the initial mixing, the injection amount of the glass fiber melt per unit time is limited, and the glass fiber content in the reinforced nylon plastic cannot be further increased. In the existing reinforced nylon plastics, the maximum glass fiber content can only be close to 40%, which is far from meeting the needs of some customers. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide an extruder, which solves the technical problem of how to further increase the content of glass fiber in reinforced nylon plastic.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the extruder comprises:

[0006] frame;

[0007] An extruder connected to the frame, comprising a barrel and a conveying screw disposed in the barrel, wherein the conveying screw extends along the length direction of the barrel, and the barrel is provided with a feed port and at least two mixing ports in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveying screw, wherein the pitch of the conveying screw between two adjacent mixing ports is smaller than the pitch of the conveying screw at other positions, and all mixing ports are used to connect to the auxiliary material injection device;

[0008] A driving device drives the conveying screw to rotate.

[0009] The extruder according to the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: the feed port is used to add nylon base material, and the nylon base material forms nylon melt by spiral heating in the barrel. Since the fluidity of glass fiber melt and nylon melt is poor in the initial mixing stage, too much glass fiber melt cannot be injected per unit time, otherwise it will easily cause material blockage. For this reason, the utility model is provided with at least two mixing ports, each of which can be docked with the auxiliary material injection device. At this time, the auxiliary material injection device outputs the glass fiber melt to the outside, so that the production party can mix the glass fiber melt and the nylon melt step by step, for example, only 25wt.% to 30wt.% of the glass fiber melt is injected each time. After the initial mixing, in order to speed up the mixing rate between the glass fiber melt and the nylon melt, the conveying screw narrows the pitch between the two adjacent mixing ports to speed up the fluidity of the mixture between the two adjacent mixing ports. After at least two times of mixing and homogenization, a reinforced nylon plastic with a high glass fiber content can be obtained to meet the advanced requirements of customers for reinforced nylon plastic.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the utility model, each of the mixing ports is detachably connected to a cover. When the number of the auxiliary material injection devices used is less than the number of the mixing ports, the cover can be used to block the redundant mixing ports to avoid leakage.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in order to add the substrate to the extrusion device, the extruder further includes a feeding mechanism, and the feeding mechanism is provided with a feeding port connected to the feeding port.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in order to facilitate the movement of the auxiliary material injection device, walking wheels are provided at the bottom of the auxiliary material injection device.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the utility model, since the feeding mechanism is fixed and the auxiliary material injection device is movable, the feeding port can be set in the vertical direction, which is conducive to the addition of the substrate, and the mixing port can be set in the horizontal direction, which is conducive to docking with the auxiliary material injection device.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the utility model, the extruder also includes a temperature control component, which includes a heating module and a cooling module. The heating module is used to heat the material to a melt, and the cooling module is used to cool the conveying screw to offset the heat generated during stirring and friction, thereby avoiding high-temperature decomposition of the material due to heat accumulation.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present utility model, the driving device includes a motor and a reduction box, and the reduction box is respectively connected to the motor and the conveying screw to control the conveying speed of the conveying screw.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an extrusion die is connected to the end of the cylinder to facilitate extrusion molding of the mixed material.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an extruder in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an extrusion device according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] In the accompanying drawings: 100-frame, 200-extrusion device, 300-driving device, 110-foot frame, 120-first mounting plate, 310-motor, 320-reduction gearbox, 130-second mounting plate, 210-barrel, 220-conveying screw, 211-feeding port, 212-first mixing port, 213-second mixing port, 214-capping, 230-temperature control component, 240-extrusion die. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present utility model, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the extruder according to the first aspect of the utility model embodiment includes a frame 100, an extrusion device 200 and a driving device 300, the frame 100 is made of high-strength steel, and a tripod 110 is provided at the bottom thereof, the frame 100 is used to carry the extrusion device 200 and the driving device 300, and provide an installation reference for the extrusion device 200 and the driving device 300.

[0027] The driving device 300 is fixedly connected to the frame 100 through the first mounting plate 120. The driving device 300 includes a motor 310 and a reduction box 320. Since the motor 310 has a relatively high rotation speed, but the mixing speed of the melt is far less than the rotation speed of the motor 310, a reduction box 320 is required to reduce the speed of the motor 310 and increase the torque. The motor 310 can be a three-phase asynchronous motor, and its output power can be determined according to the output of the production line, and the reduction box 320 can be a gear box with a multi-stage gear pair, and its reduction ratio can be determined according to the properties of the material to be processed.

[0028] In addition, the extruder 200 is fixedly connected to the frame 100 through a second mounting plate 130. The extruder 200 includes a barrel 210, a feeding mechanism (not shown in the drawings) and a conveying screw 220. The conveying screw 220 is rigidly connected to the reduction box 320, and the barrel 210 is also connected to the reduction box 320, so that the conveying screw 220 can rotate in the barrel 210 to achieve spiral pushing of the material. The length of the barrel 210 is generally more than three meters, and the conveying screw 220 extends along the length direction of the barrel 210. The barrel 210 is sequentially provided with a feed port 211, a first mixing port 212 and a second mixing port 213 along the conveying direction of the conveying screw 220, wherein the feeding mechanism is connected above the feed port 211, and the feeding mechanism is used to add a substrate to the inner cavity of the barrel 210. In this embodiment, the substrate is nylon particles. The feeding mechanism stores a large amount of nylon particles and is provided with a switch valve. When the switch valve is opened, the nylon particles enter the inner cavity of the barrel 210 from the feeding port of the feeding mechanism and the feeding port 211 of the barrel 210 in sequence. At this time, the heating module in the barrel 210 heats the nylon particles. Under the push of the conveying screw 220, the heated nylon particles are pushed in the conveying direction. In this process, the nylon particles are gradually heated into nylon melt.

[0029] In order to introduce glass fiber into the production line to produce reinforced nylon plastic, the first mixing port 212 and the second mixing port 213 can be detachably connected with a cover 214. When the staff removes the cover 214 of the corresponding mixing port, the inner cavity of the cylinder 210 is connected to the external environment through the mixing port. After that, the staff can connect an auxiliary material injection device (not shown in the drawings) at the opened mixing port. The mechanical structure and working principle of the auxiliary material injection device are similar to those of the extrusion device 200. In this embodiment, the auxiliary material injection device outputs glass fiber melt to achieve mixing of nylon melt and glass fiber melt.

[0030] Since the fluidity of glass fiber melt and nylon melt is poor at the initial stage of mixing, it is impossible to inject too much glass fiber melt in a unit time, otherwise it will easily cause blockage. For this reason, the utility model is provided with two mixing ports, so that the production party can mix the glass fiber melt and the nylon melt step by step, for example, only injecting 25wt.% to 30wt.% of glass fiber melt each time. After the initial mixing, in order to speed up the mixing rate between the glass fiber melt and the nylon melt, the pitch of the conveying screw 220 between the two adjacent mixing ports is smaller than the pitch of the conveying screw 220 at other positions, so as to speed up the fluidity of the mixture between the two adjacent mixing ports, so that the mixture can be mixed and homogenized for the second time in a short time. The mixture after the initial mixing and homogenization is mixed for the second time with the glass fiber melt injected from the second mixing port 213, and a mixture with a glass fiber content close to 60% can be obtained to meet the advanced requirements of customers for reinforced nylon plastics.

[0031] It should be noted that the utility model does not limit the number of the mixing ports, which can also be three, four, etc. Correspondingly, the auxiliary material injection devices can also be three, four, etc., and are not limited to the above embodiments. If the number of the mixing ports is increased, the number of the pitch narrowing sections of the conveying screw 220 also needs to be increased accordingly to meet the technical requirements of multiple mixing ports. In addition, different mixing ports can be connected to injection devices of different materials to meet the production of different composite plastics.

[0032] It should be further explained that for reinforced nylon plastics, the higher the glass fiber content, the better the performance. High glass fiber content will also bring many negative effects, such as reducing the toughness of the plastic, increasing its brittleness, and the surface of the product will become very rough. Therefore, after comprehensive consideration by the inventor, if two auxiliary material injection devices are used, the injection amount per unit time of each auxiliary material injection device is recommended to be controlled at 20wt.% to 30wt.%; if three auxiliary material injection devices are used, the injection amount per unit time of each auxiliary material injection device is recommended to be controlled at 15wt.% to 20wt.%.

[0033] In order to realize modular production, the bottom of the auxiliary material injection device is provided with walking wheels, so that the staff can move the auxiliary material injection device at will. When the production task changes, the staff can increase or decrease the usage of the auxiliary material injection device according to the new production task, and the redundant mixing ports are sealed by the cover 214. In addition, for factories with multiple production lines, the mobile auxiliary material injection device is helpful for resource allocation within the system, thereby reducing the cost of production. Since the feeding mechanism is fixed and the auxiliary material injection device is movable, the feed port 211 can be set in the vertical direction, which is conducive to the addition of the substrate, and the mixing port can be set in the horizontal direction, which is conducive to docking with the auxiliary material injection device.

[0034] In some embodiments of the utility model, the extrusion device 200 is provided with a temperature control component 230, and the temperature control component 230 includes a heating module and a cooling module. The heating module is used to heat the material to a melt, and is distributed in the inner cavity of the barrel 210. The barrel 210 is not provided with the heating module near the end. At this time, the area is defined as a cooling zone, and the mixture after mixing and homogenization is cooled in the cooling zone. At the same time, the cooling module is used to cool the conveying screw 220 to offset the heat generated during stirring and friction, and avoid high-temperature decomposition of the material due to heat accumulation. Although the cooling zone is not provided with the cooling module, the cooling module cools the entire conveying screw 220, so the mixture can also be cooled to a certain extent in the cooling zone.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the end of the barrel 210 is connected to an extrusion die 240, and the extrusion die 240 has a porous plate built in to divide the material into multiple strips. During this process, the material is further cooled and extruded in a fixed shape.

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extruder, characterized in that include: Rack(100); An extrusion device (200) is connected to the frame (100), the extrusion device (200) comprising a barrel (210) and a conveying screw (220) disposed in the barrel (210), the conveying screw (220) extending along the length direction of the barrel (210), the barrel (210) being provided with a feed port (211) and at least two mixing ports in sequence along the conveying direction of the conveying screw (220), the pitch of the conveying screw (220) between two adjacent mixing ports being smaller than the pitch of the conveying screw (220) at other positions, and all mixing ports being used for connecting to an auxiliary material injection device; A driving device (300) drives the conveying screw (220) to rotate.

2. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the mixing ports is detachably connected to a sealing cover (214).

3. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a feeding mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism is provided with a feeding port connected to the feeding port (211).

4. The extruder according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the auxiliary material injection device is provided with walking wheels.

5. The extruder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feed port (211) is arranged in a vertical direction, and the mixing port is arranged in a horizontal direction.

6. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature control component (230), wherein the temperature control component (230) includes a heating module and a cooling module.

7. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device (300) comprises a motor (310) and a reduction box (320), and the reduction box (320) is respectively connected to the motor (310) and the conveying screw (220).

8. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the cylinder (210) is connected to an extrusion die (240).

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