Pile hammer cap with high adaptability

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a pile cap of a pile hammer with high adaptability, which comprises an upper pile cap and a lower pile cap which are connected with each other, one end of the upper pile cap far away from the lower pile cap is connected with a hammer core shell, a driving-replacing block is arranged in the upper pile cap, and a plurality of groups of mounting ring cavities are arranged at the bottom of the driving-replacing block in the upper pile cap. The pile cap has the advantages that the pile cap can be matched with pile bodies of different specifications without replacing the pile cap due to the fact that the multiple sets of installation ring cavities are arranged, cost is reduced, and adaptability of the pile cap is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a pile cap of a pile driving hammer with high adaptability. Background Art

[0002] The hydraulic hammer is an impact pile hammer. After the hammer core is lifted to the expected height by the hydraulic system and released quickly, it directly acts on the anvil or pile cap of the hydraulic hammer in a manner greater than or close to free fall. After the anvil and the pile cap work on the pile body, the pile body is hammered into the formation. The pile cap structure of a pile hammer with the publication number "CN212582671U" includes an upper pile cap and a lower pile cap. An anvil is fixed on the lower pile cap. A first buffer pad is arranged in the middle of the anvil. A ring sleeve and a second buffer pad are arranged on the outside of the first buffer pad in sequence. During the impact and rebound process of the lower pile cap and the anvil, there is friction resistance between the anvil, the second buffer and the upper pile cap, which slows down the rebound speed of the anvil and the lower pile cap, thereby reducing the impact and vibration between the anvil and the upper pile cap, and then reducing the impact force of the upper pile cap toward the frame and slowing down the vibration; and the first buffer pad and the second buffer pad can slow down the vibration between the anvil and the upper ring, and the pressure plate on the second buffer pad can limit the second buffer pad to the outside of the ring sleeve to prevent the second buffer pad from rebounding out of the ring sleeve.

[0003] It can be seen from the above documents that although the shock-absorbing and protective function is achieved by setting up a buffer structure, in actual use, piles of different specifications need to be matched with corresponding pile driver caps. However, the pile driver caps are expensive and cumbersome to replace, which affects construction efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a pile cap for a pile hammer with high adaptability, which improves adaptability and reduces costs, in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a pile cap of a pile driving hammer with high adaptability, comprising an upper pile cap and a lower pile cap, and the two are connected to each other, the end of the upper pile cap away from the lower pile cap is connected to the hammer core shell, and a replacement block is provided in the upper pile cap, which is characterized in that: a plurality of groups of mounting annular cavities are provided in the upper pile cap at the bottom of the replacement block, and the plurality of groups of mounting annular cavities are distributed in parallel in sequence along the direction of the upper pile cap axis away from the replacement block and the inner diameter gradually increases.

[0006] The above technical solution is adopted: a plurality of groups of mounting ring cavities are distributed in parallel in the direction of the upper pile cap away from the replacement block and the inner diameters are gradually increased, so as to form a stepped mounting structure. Each group of mounting ring cavities can match a pile body of corresponding specifications. The pile body only needs to be installed into the mounting ring cavity of the corresponding diameter, thereby achieving the goal of not having to replace the pile cap, improving adaptability and thus reducing costs.

[0007] The utility model is further configured as follows: an expansion ring is provided inside the upper pile cap, the inner cavity of the expansion ring and the replacement block form a first installation cavity, the bottom surface of the expansion ring and the inner wall of the lower pile cap form a second installation cavity, and the first installation cavity and the second installation cavity constitute an installation ring cavity.

[0008] The above technical solution is adopted: preferably, by arranging an expansion ring in the upper pile cap, which cooperates with the replacement block, two pile bodies of different specifications can be matched without replacing the pile cap; at the same time, the sizes of the replacement block and the expansion ring can be determined according to needs. The utility model forms a first installation cavity through the inner cavity of the expansion ring and the replacement block, so that the replacement block can transmit the impact of the hammer core to the pile body located in the first installation cavity, thereby realizing piling; when it is necessary to construct a pile body with a larger diameter (the specific specifications of the pile body shall be based on the specifications of the actual expansion ring), the pile body can be inserted into the second installation cavity, the top of the pile body is abutted against the bottom of the expansion ring, the impact of the hammer core is transmitted to the replacement block, and the replacement block is transmitted to the expansion ring, thereby realizing piling without replacing the pile cap, thereby realizing the ability to match pile bodies of different specifications, improving adaptability, and thus reducing costs.

[0009] A further configuration of the utility model is that a first mounting groove is provided on one end of the expansion ring close to the replacement block, the first mounting groove can be used for installing the replacement block, and the first mounting groove is communicated with the inner cavity.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation between the diameter expansion ring and the replacement block is realized through the setting of the first installation groove, which is convenient for the workers to assemble and improves the assembly efficiency.

[0011] A further configuration of the present invention is that the diameter of the second installation cavity is greater than the diameter of the first installation cavity.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the diameter of the second installation cavity is larger than the diameter of the first installation cavity, so that two pile bodies of different specifications can be matched, thereby improving versatility.

[0013] A further arrangement of the utility model is that a plurality of first buffer mechanisms are arranged on the outer wall of the upper pile cap above the expansion ring along the circumferential direction, the first buffer mechanism comprises a piston assembly and a cylinder body linked with the piston assembly, a chamber is arranged in the cylinder body in which the piston assembly can make reciprocating linear motion along its axis, and an inflation assembly is sealedly connected at the end of the cylinder body and communicated with the chamber in the cylinder body.

[0014] The above technical solution is adopted: the first buffer mechanism is located between the upper pile cap and the expansion ring, and is used to absorb the energy of the expansion ring when the pile body installed in the second installation cavity rebounds during piling. The space between the cylinder cover and the piston assembly is a chamber, and high-pressure nitrogen is filled into the chamber through the inflation assembly. The pressure of the nitrogen filled can be adjusted according to the size of the pile hammer and the geological conditions, so as to flexibly match various working conditions.

[0015] A further configuration of the utility model is: the piston assembly is recessed inward to form an expansion cavity communicated with the chamber, lubricating oil and a lubricating oil hole are provided in the expansion cavity, one end of the lubricating oil hole is communicated with the expansion cavity, and the other end is communicated with the outer wall of the piston assembly, and an oil storage groove is provided at the outer wall of the piston assembly corresponding to the lubricating oil hole, and the inner diameter of the oil storage groove is larger than the inner diameter of the lubricating oil hole.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution: the volume of the chamber can be increased by setting an expansion chamber, and lubricating oil and lubricating oil holes are set in the expansion chamber. When the piston moves axially in the chamber, the chamber will be pressed to allow the lubricating oil to penetrate into the friction surface between the piston assembly and the cylinder body through the lubricating oil hole, thereby lubricating the piston assembly, avoiding excessive wear of the piston and the cylinder body, and increasing the service life of the first buffer mechanism.

[0017] The utility model is further configured as follows: the inflation component comprises a cylinder head sealedly connected to the end of the cylinder body and an inflation joint arranged on one side of the cylinder head and communicating with the inner chamber of the cylinder body; the gas injected into the inflation component is an inert gas.

[0018] The above technical solution is adopted: the setting of the inflation joint enables workers to connect the air intake device through the inflation joint, and use gas to absorb impact forces of different intensities. The pressure of the nitrogen filled can be adjusted according to the size of the pile hammer and the geological conditions, and various working conditions can be flexibly matched. At the same time, the inflation joint can be used to know whether there is a leak through an external pressure gauge or tire pressure cap, and inert gas such as nitrogen can be selected to avoid corrosion of components such as the cylinder body.

[0019] The utility model is further configured as follows: a hammer core which can be displaced axially along the hammer core shell is arranged in the hammer core shell, one end of the hammer core is an impact part, and a second buffer mechanism is arranged between the upper pile cap and the hammer core shell.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, during use, due to the design of the second buffer mechanism, when the hammer core is displaced, the pile body inserted into the first installation cavity can be buffered during the piling process, thereby increasing the service life of the equipment.

[0021] A further configuration of the utility model is that the second buffer mechanism includes a shock absorbing chamber integrally arranged with the hammer core housing, the shock absorbing chamber is provided with a counter-shock ring with one end abutting against the replacement block, and the other end is provided with a plurality of buffer rings abutting against the inner wall of the shock absorbing chamber and the counter-shock ring, and the impact part can pass through the buffer ring and the counter-shock ring and then hit the replacement block.

[0022] The above technical solution is adopted: during use, the hammer core moves axially along the hammer core shell, and then passes through the buffer ring and the anti-shock ring to hit the replacement block. After the replacement block hits the pile body to the hard stone layer, the recoil force will be transmitted to the anti-shock ring through the replacement block. The anti-shock ring sends the recoil force to the buffer ring to reduce the peak value of the recoil force, and the multi-layered buffer rings will absorb and buffer the recoil force before acting on the entire shock-absorbing chamber. Since the hammer core shell and the shock-absorbing chamber are integrated, the shock-absorbing chamber will feed back the gradually decreasing recoil force to the hammer core shell. The recoil force is damped and buffered multiple times during the whole process to avoid excessive recoil of the internal components of the hammer core shell, thereby increasing the service life of the equipment. At the same time, when corresponding to shock-absorbing chambers of different sizes, buffer rings of the same specification can be used to be batch-stacked and filled into the shock-absorbing chamber without the need to prepare and use buffer rings of different specifications, which greatly improves the adaptability of the buffer ring and reduces the equipment cost.

[0023] The utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pile cap of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a partial exploded view of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 5 These are cross-sectional views of the utility model at different angles.

[0029] Figure 6 For this utility model Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 7 For this utility model Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second buffer mechanism of the utility model.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals: upper pile cap 1, replacement block 11, expansion ring 12, inner cavity 121, first installation cavity 122, second installation cavity 123, first installation groove 124, lower pile cap 2, hammer core housing 3, hammer core 31, impact portion 311, first buffer mechanism 4, piston assembly 41, expansion cavity 411, lubricating oil hole 411a, oil storage groove 411b, cylinder body 42, chamber 421, inflation assembly 43, cylinder head 431, inflation joint 432, second buffer mechanism 5, shock absorbing chamber 51, anti-shock ring 511, buffer ring 512. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] This specific embodiment and the drawings of the disclosed embodiments only involve structures related to the disclosed embodiments, and other structures may refer to general designs. In the absence of conflicts, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the utility model may be combined with each other.

[0034] Example 1: Figure 1-8 The pile cap of a pile driving hammer with high adaptability shown in the figure comprises an upper pile cap 1 and a lower pile cap 2, and the two are connected to each other. The end of the upper pile cap 1 away from the lower pile cap 2 is connected to the hammer core shell 3 through a flange connection plate. A replacement block 11 is arranged in the upper pile cap 1. A plurality of groups of mounting annular cavities are arranged at the bottom of the replacement block 11 in the upper pile cap 1, and the plurality of groups of mounting annular cavities are sequentially distributed in parallel along the direction away from the replacement block 11 along the axis of the upper pile cap 1 and the inner diameters are gradually increased. Preferably, an expansion diameter is arranged at the bottom of the replacement block 11 in the upper pile cap 1. Ring 12, the inner cavity 121 of the expansion ring 12 and the replacement block 11 form a first installation cavity 122, the bottom surface of the expansion ring 12 and the inner wall of the lower pile cap 2 form a second installation cavity 123, the first and second installation cavities constitute an installation ring cavity, the diameter of the second installation cavity 123 is larger than the diameter of the first installation cavity 122, and a first installation groove 124 is provided on one end of the expansion ring 12 close to the replacement block 11, the first installation groove 124 can be used for the replacement block 11 to be installed, and the first installation groove 124 and the inner cavity 121 are connected to each other.

[0035] During use, the utility model can match two pile bodies of different specifications by setting the expansion ring 12 and cooperating with the replacement block 11 without replacing the pile cap and without adjustment. The sizes of the replacement block 21 and the expansion ring 12 can be determined according to needs. The utility model forms a first installation cavity 122 through the inner cavity 121 of the expansion ring 12 and the replacement block 11, so that the replacement block 11 can transmit the impact of the hammer core 31 to the pile body located in the first installation cavity 122 to achieve piling; when it is necessary to construct a pile body of larger diameter (the specific pile body specifications are subject to the specifications of the actual expansion ring 12), the pile body is inserted into the second installation cavity 123, the top of the pile body is against the bottom of the expansion ring 12, the impact of the hammer core 31 is transmitted to the replacement block 11, and the replacement block 11 is transmitted to the expansion ring 12, so as to achieve piling, and then achieve the ability to match pile bodies of different specifications, improve adaptability, and thus reduce costs.

[0036] Example 2: Figure 5-7 As shown, the structure of Example 2 is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that a plurality of first buffer mechanisms 4 are provided on the outer wall of the upper pile cap 1 above the expansion ring 12 along the circumferential direction, and the first buffer mechanism 4 includes a piston assembly 41 and a cylinder body 42 linked to the piston assembly 41, and a chamber 421 is provided in the cylinder body 42 in which the piston assembly 41 can perform reciprocating linear motion along its axis, and an inflation assembly 43 is sealedly connected to the end of the cylinder body 42 and communicated with the inner chamber 221 of the cylinder body 42.

[0037] like Figure 6-7 The piston assembly 41 shown is recessed inward to form an expansion chamber 411 communicated with the chamber 421, and lubricating oil and a lubricating oil hole 411a are provided in the expansion chamber 411, one end of the lubricating oil hole 411a is communicated with the expansion chamber 411, and the other end is communicated with the outer wall of the piston assembly 41, and an oil storage groove 411b is provided at the outer wall of the piston assembly 41 corresponding to the lubricating oil hole 411a, and the inner diameter of the oil storage groove 411b is larger than the inner diameter of the lubricating oil hole 411a; Figure 6 The inflation assembly 43 shown includes a cylinder head 431 sealed at the end of the cylinder body 42 and an inflation joint 432 provided on one side of the cylinder head 431 and communicating with the inner cavity 221 of the cylinder body 42. The gas injected into the inflation assembly 43 is an inert gas.

[0038] During use of the utility model, the first buffer mechanism 4 is installed between the upper pile cap 1 and the expansion ring 12, one end of the piston assembly 41 is arranged on the cylinder body 42 and cooperates with the cylinder cover 431 to form a chamber 421, and the other end extends out of the cylinder body 42 and abuts against the top of the expansion ring 12. When the expansion ring 12 receives a reaction force, the expansion ring 12 will impact the piston assembly 41 extending out of the cylinder body 42, and the piston assembly 41 will be buffered by high-pressure nitrogen, and the lubricating oil is forced into the contact surface between the piston assembly 41 and the cylinder body 42 through the lubricating oil hole 411a for lubrication, thereby improving the service life of the equipment.

[0039] Example 3: Figure 2 As shown, the structure of the embodiment 3 is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that a hammer core 31 which can be displaced axially along the hammer core shell 3 is provided in the hammer core shell 3, and one end of the hammer core 31 is an impact portion 311. Preferably, the cross section of the impact portion 311 is smaller than the cross section of the hammer core 31. The impact portion 311 having a cross section smaller than that of the hammer core 31 makes the area of ​​the punching end of the hammer core 31 smaller, thereby reducing the resistance during punching, so that the impact hammer has a better effect when implementing piling. The upper pile cap 1 and the hammer core shell 3 are provided with a second buffer mechanism 5; Figure 8The second buffer mechanism 5 shown includes a shock absorbing chamber 51 integrally arranged with the hammer core housing 3, and a counter-shock ring 511 is provided in the shock absorbing chamber 51, one end of which abuts against the replacement block 11, and the other end is provided with a plurality of buffer rings 512 abutting against the inner wall of the shock absorbing chamber 51 and the counter-shock ring 511. The impact part 311 can pass through the buffer ring 512 and the counter-shock ring 511 to hit the replacement block 11.

[0040] During use of the utility model, the hammer core 31 is displaced axially along the hammer core shell 3, and then passes through the buffer ring 512 and the anti-shock ring 511 to hit the replacement block 11. After the replacement block 11 hits the pile body to the hard stone layer, the recoil force will be transmitted to the anti-shock ring 511 through the replacement block 11. The anti-shock ring 511 sends the recoil force to the buffer ring 512 to reduce the peak value of the recoil force. The multi-layered buffer rings 512 will absorb and buffer the recoil force before applying it to the entire shock absorbing chamber 51. Since the hammer core shell 3 and the shock absorbing chamber 51 are integrally arranged, the shock absorbing chamber 51 will feed back the gradually reduced recoil force to the hammer core shell 3. The recoil force is repeatedly damped and buffered during the whole process, which avoids too much recoil to the internal components of the hammer core shell 3, thereby improving the service life of the equipment.

[0041] The above examples are only three preferred specific examples of the present invention. Common changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the technical solution of the present invention are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pile cap of a pile driving hammer with high adaptability, comprising an upper pile cap and a lower pile cap, which are connected to each other, wherein one end of the upper pile cap away from the lower pile cap is connected to a hammer core housing, and a replacement block is provided in the upper pile cap, characterized in that: A plurality of mounting annular cavities are arranged in the upper pile cap at the bottom of the replacement block, and the plurality of mounting annular cavities are distributed in parallel in sequence along the direction of the upper pile cap axis away from the replacement block and the inner diameters thereof gradually increase.

2. A pile cap for a pile driving hammer with high adaptability according to claim 1, characterized in that: An expansion ring is provided in the upper pile cap, the inner cavity of the expansion ring and the replacement block form a first installation cavity, the bottom surface of the expansion ring and the inner wall of the lower pile cap form a second installation cavity, and the first installation cavity and the second installation cavity constitute an installation ring cavity.

3. A pile cap for a pile driver with high adaptability according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first mounting groove is provided on one end of the expansion ring close to the replacement block. The first mounting groove can be used for installing the replacement block, and the first mounting groove is communicated with the inner cavity.

4. A pile cap for a pile driving hammer with high adaptability according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the second installation cavity is greater than the diameter of the first installation cavity.

5. A pile cap for a pile driving hammer with high adaptability according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the upper pile cap is located above the expansion ring and is provided with a plurality of first buffer mechanisms in the circumferential direction. The first buffer mechanism includes a piston assembly and a cylinder body linked to the piston assembly. The cylinder body is provided with a chamber in which the piston assembly can perform reciprocating linear motion along its axis. The end of the cylinder body is sealed and connected with an inflation assembly which is in conduction with the chamber in the cylinder body.

6. A pile cap for a pile driving hammer with high adaptability according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston assembly is recessed inward to form an expansion cavity connected to the chamber, and lubricating oil and a lubricating oil hole are provided in the expansion cavity. One end of the lubricating oil hole is connected to the expansion cavity, and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the piston assembly. An oil storage groove is provided on the outer wall of the piston assembly corresponding to the lubricating oil hole, and the inner diameter of the oil storage groove is larger than the inner diameter of the lubricating oil hole.

7. A pile cap for a pile driving hammer with high adaptability according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inflation component comprises a cylinder head sealedly connected to the end of the cylinder body and an inflation joint arranged on one side of the cylinder head and communicating with the chamber in the cylinder body. The gas injected into the inflation component is an inert gas.

8. A pile cap for a pile driving hammer with high adaptability according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 7, characterized in that: A hammer core which can be displaced axially along the hammer core housing is arranged in the hammer core housing, one end of the hammer core is an impact part, and a second buffer mechanism is arranged between the upper pile cap and the hammer core housing.

9. A pile cap for a pile hammer with high adaptability according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second buffer mechanism includes a shock absorbing chamber integrally arranged with the hammer core housing, wherein the shock absorbing chamber is provided with a counter-shock ring with one end abutting against the substitute block, and the other end is provided with a plurality of buffer rings abutting against the inner wall of the shock absorbing chamber and the counter-shock ring. The impact part can pass through the buffer ring and the counter-shock ring and then hit the substitute block.

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