Annular spring composite conical rubber two-stage variable-stiffness vibration double-control support

Abstract

The utility model discloses an annular spring composite conical rubber two-stage variable-stiffness vibration double-control support which comprises a horizontal vibration isolation support body, a longitudinal vibration isolation support body and a transverse vibration isolation support body. The vertical vibration isolation support comprises a support upper connecting unit and a support lower connecting unit, the lower part of the support is connected with a unit; the double-stage variable-stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit comprises upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber, lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber and an outer ring spring, and the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber are partially embedded into the outer ring spring from the upper portion and the lower portion respectively. When the two-stage variable-stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit is subjected to first-stage vertical loading, the vibration isolation unit has first-stage vertical stiffness, when the two-stage variable-stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit is subjected to second-stage vertical loading, the vibration isolation unit has second-stage vertical stiffness, and the first-stage vertical stiffness is smaller than the second-stage vertical stiffness. According to the double-order variable-stiffness vertical vibration isolation device, the vertical vibration effect and the horizontal earthquake effect can be isolated at the same time, meanwhile, double-order variable-stiffness vertical vibration control is achieved by means of the combined vibration isolation units of the annular springs and the conical rubber, and the vibration isolation effect is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of building structures, in particular to a building vibration isolation / vibration technology, in particular to an annular spring composite conical rubber double-stage variable stiffness vibration and vibration double-control support. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of urban construction in my country, the subway has become an important part of the transportation in large cities due to its advantages such as large capacity, all-weather, energy-saving and safe, fast and convenient. The development of properties in subway stations, section lines and underground spaces can not only improve the efficiency of urban land use, but also effectively reduce the cost of subway construction. In recent years, various cities have taken the lead in using the space above the subway depot for property development, successfully improving the utilization rate of urban land resources and giving play to the transportation advantages along the subway line. Therefore, it can be said that the development of properties above the subway is the secondary development and efficient utilization of land resources.

[0003] However, subway lines are getting closer and closer to building structures. The high-speed operation, braking, and acceleration of subways will cause problems such as vertical vibration and excessive noise in nearby building structures, resulting in the restriction of the building functions of the adjacent buildings or buildings above the subway lines, and the comfort of the structure is difficult to meet the requirements of relevant specifications. In addition to the impact of subway vibration, the impact of horizontal earthquakes cannot be ignored. Therefore, actual engineering structures face both earthquake resistance and vibration resistance requirements. It is necessary to invent a structural system that can reduce the horizontal seismic effect of the upper structure and the impact of vertical subway vibration. This ensures that the upper structure can be used normally when the subway vibrates and avoids serious earthquake damage to the upper structure when an earthquake occurs.

[0004] At present, the main form of horizontal seismic isolation scheme for subway superstructures is to add a seismic isolation layer at an appropriate position of the building structure. By arranging horizontal seismic isolation bearings in the seismic isolation layer, the horizontal seismic isolation effect of reducing the horizontal seismic action of the upper structure of the seismic isolation layer is achieved. Common horizontal seismic isolation bearings arranged in the seismic isolation layer include natural rubber bearings, lead rubber bearings, high damping rubber bearings, elastic sliding plate rubber bearings, friction pendulum bearings, etc. The above bearings generally have smaller stiffness in the two horizontal directions (X and Y directions), and larger stiffness in the vertical direction (Z direction). Therefore, the deformation of the seismic isolation bearings is mainly horizontal deformation. By setting seismic isolation bearings, the horizontal stiffness of the structure can be reduced, thereby reducing the horizontal seismic action of the upper structure.

[0005] At present, the main form of vertical vibration isolation scheme applied to subway superstructure is to add a vibration isolation layer at an appropriate position of the building structure. By arranging vertical vibration isolation bearings on the vibration isolation layer, the vertical vibration isolation effect of reducing the vertical vibration of the upper structure of the vibration isolation layer is achieved. Common vertical vibration isolation bearings arranged in the vibration isolation layer include thick rubber bearings, spiral steel spring bearings, disc steel spring bearings, etc.

[0006] Existing vibration control technology and structural seismic isolation technology have a history of development for many years. However, for the dual control of vertical vibration and seismic action of building structures, there is no mature and widely applicable control device in current practical projects. The technical bottlenecks and constraints of this problem are mainly manifested in:

[0007] (1) The existing seismic isolation bearings have a large vertical stiffness and cannot reduce the vertical stiffness of the structure, nor can they reduce the vertical seismic action and vertical vibration of the seismic isolation structure. They do not have the effect of isolating the vertical vibration action, and on the contrary, they may even amplify the vertical seismic action and vertical vibration of the structure.

[0008] (2) Existing vibration isolation bearings (such as thick rubber bearings and steel coil spring bearings) have limited vertical bearing capacity, which means that when using such vibration isolation bearings, the superstructure is limited to low-rise buildings. When the superstructure is high, the vibration isolation components (thick rubber and steel coil springs) cannot bear excessive vertical pressure and lose stability (thick rubber bulges) or are damaged (steel coil springs break).

[0009] (3) The vibration isolation frequency of the existing vibration dual-control bearings used for vertical vibration control (such as thick-mesh rubber) is close to the first-order vertical natural frequency of the lower structure beams and columns, and cannot achieve the ideal vibration isolation frequency ratio, resulting in low vibration isolation efficiency for subway vibration waves.

[0010] (4) The existing vibration-vibration dual-control bearing has limited vertical energy dissipation capacity. Due to the resonance effect, the subway vibration wave will show the unfavorable phenomenon of vibration response amplification at the vertical natural frequency point of the vibration-vibration dual-control bearing. When designing the vibration isolation bearing, it needs to be used in conjunction with the damper.

[0011] (5) Existing vibration-controlled dual-control bearings lack self-resetting capability. When used in buildings with a relatively large height and width ratio, they will sway during an earthquake. The bearings may even be stretched to yield, causing the structure to overturn and fail as a whole.

[0012] (6) Existing vibration-vibration dual-control bearings cannot take into account the control requirements of earthquakes and vertical vibrations. Because earthquake motion and environmental vibrations from rail transit and ground transportation have different vibration characteristics, the former has high amplitude, wide spectrum, but low frequency, while the latter has low amplitude, narrow spectrum, but high frequency. Some existing vibration-vibration dual-control bearings can only play a good control role in one aspect. Summary of the invention

[0013] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model proposes an annular spring composite conical rubber double-stage variable stiffness vibration double-control bearing to solve the current deficiencies in vertical vibration isolation and horizontal seismic action control.

[0014] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0015] The utility model provides a ring spring composite conical rubber double-stage variable stiffness vibration double-control bearing, comprising: a horizontal vibration isolation bearing; a vertical vibration isolation bearing, comprising: a bearing upper connection unit, used to be connected and fixed with an upper structure; a bearing lower connection unit, arranged below the bearing upper connection unit, connected and fixed with the horizontal vibration isolation bearing; a double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit, installed between the bearing upper connection unit and the bearing lower connection unit, comprising an upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber, a lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber and an outer ring spring, and an upper inner ring spring The composite conical rubber and the lower inner ring spring are partially embedded in the outer ring spring from the upper and lower parts respectively; and when the two-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit is subjected to the first-stage vertical loading, the conical rubber is sheared and deformed, and the vibration isolation unit is of the first-stage vertical stiffness; when the two-stage vertical loading is subjected to the second-stage vertical loading, the conical rubber is locked, the inner ring spring undergoes annular compression deformation inward, and the outer ring spring undergoes annular expansion deformation outward, and the vibration isolation unit is of the second-stage vertical stiffness; and the first-stage vertical loading is less than the second-stage vertical loading, and the first-stage vertical stiffness is less than the second-stage vertical stiffness. The vibration dual-control bearing provided by the utility model can achieve simultaneous isolation of vertical vibration and horizontal earthquake effects, and by means of the combined vibration isolation unit of the annular spring and the conical rubber, realizes two-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration control, significantly improving the vibration isolation effect, which is particularly necessary for the adjacent building structures along the urban underground rail transit in high earthquake fortification areas.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The annular spring composite conical rubber dual-stage variable stiffness vibration dual-control bearing proposed by the utility model has at least the following advantages compared with the ordinary vibration dual-control bearing:

[0017] (1) The vibration-vibration dual-control bearing provided by the utility model can simultaneously isolate vertical vibration effects and horizontal seismic effects, and can decouple horizontal deformation and vertical deformation of the bearing.

[0018] (2) Two-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation: Through the combined vibration isolation unit of annular spring and conical rubber, the vertical stiffness of the vibration isolation unit is low within the initial first-stage loading range, and the vertical stiffness of the vibration isolation unit increases within the second-stage loading range, realizing two-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration control and significantly improving the vibration isolation effect.

[0019] (3) Strong vibration reduction and energy dissipation capacity: The combined vibration isolation unit of the annular spring and the conical rubber is subjected to combined force, which can consume about two-thirds of the energy in a vertical loading and unloading cycle. It is suitable for occasions where the space size is limited but a large amount of energy is required to be absorbed, or where considerable attenuation force is required and strong vibration isolation and buffering are required.

[0020] (4) Strong self-reset capability: The combined vibration isolation unit of the annular spring and the conical rubber is subjected to combined force. The annular spring has a strong self-reset function when subjected to vertical pressure. The performance is stable and repeatable, which helps to restore the structure of the structure after vibration and keep the vibration isolation structure in the elastic deformation stage without damage.

[0021] (5) Effectively reduce the vertical stiffness and vertical vibration isolation frequency of the vertical vibration isolation components, and significantly improve the vertical vibration isolation efficiency against subway vibration.

[0022] (6) Solve the problem of insufficient bearing capacity of vertical vibration isolation components, significantly improve the vertical bearing capacity of the vibration dual-control bearing, and ensure that the bearing can be used in both multi-story and high-rise buildings.

[0023] (7) High material utilization rate: The combined vibration isolation unit of annular spring and conical rubber is used to bear the force. The energy storage capacity per unit volume of the annular spring is greater than that of other types of springs, which can save the space required for the device and has good economy.

[0024] (8) Flexible designability: Engineers can change the design parameters such as the lubricant between the ring spring interface, ring spring diameter, ring spring thickness, cone angle, rubber thickness, rubber elastic modulus, etc. according to the vibration isolation and shock absorption requirements of the superstructure to obtain the appropriate characteristic line to achieve the best vertical vibration isolation effect.

[0025] It should be understood that the implementation of any embodiment of the present utility model does not mean that multiple or all of the above-mentioned beneficial effects must be possessed or achieved at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the implementation or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0027] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a vibration dual-control support of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2This is a schematic elevation diagram of a vibration-vibration dual-control support of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall and component composition of a vibration dual-control support of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a vertical schematic diagram of a vibration dual-control support as a whole and its component assembly of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a vertical vibration isolation support overall structure elevation diagram of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional exploded diagram of the components of a vertical vibration isolation support of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a vertical exploded view of the components of a vertical vibration isolation support of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 8 This is an exploded elevation view of a double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit of the utility model;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of local compression deformation of a double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit of the utility model;

[0037] Fig.10a A three-dimensional exploded diagram of the components of the upper connection unit of a support of the utility model;

[0038] Fig.10b This is a vertical exploded view of the components of the upper connection unit of a support of the utility model;

[0039] Fig.11a A three-dimensional exploded diagram of the components of the lower connection unit of a support of the utility model;

[0040] Fig.11b This is a vertical exploded view of the components of the lower connection unit of a support of the utility model;

[0041] Fig.12a It is a three-dimensional exploded diagram of the components of the composite conical rubber of an upper inner ring spring of the utility model;

[0042] Figure 12b This is a vertical exploded view of the components of the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber of the utility model;

[0043] Fig.13a It is a three-dimensional exploded diagram of the components of a lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber of the utility model;

[0044] Fig.13bThis is a vertical exploded view of the components of a lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber of the utility model;

[0045] Fig.14 This is another vertical vibration isolation support overall structure elevation diagram of the utility model;

[0046] Fig.15 A three-dimensional exploded diagram of the components of another vertical vibration isolation support of the utility model;

[0047] Fig.16 It is a vertical exploded view of the components of another vertical vibration isolation support of the utility model;

[0048] Fig.17 A three-dimensional exploded diagram of the components of another double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit of the utility model;

[0049] Fig.18 It is a vertical exploded view of the components of another double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit of the utility model;

[0050] Fig.19a It is a three-dimensional exploded diagram of the components of a composite conical rubber of a middle inner ring spring of the utility model;

[0051] Fig.19b This is a vertical exploded view of the components of a composite conical rubber with a middle inner ring spring of the utility model;

[0052] Fig. 20 This is a cross-sectional view of a double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit of the utility model;

[0053] Fig.21a It is a schematic diagram of the first-stage stiffness working stage of a double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit of the utility model;

[0054] Figure 21b for Fig.21a A partial enlarged schematic diagram of

[0055] Fig.22a It is a schematic diagram of the second-stage stiffness working stage of a double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit of the utility model;

[0056] Figure 22b for Fig.22a A partial enlarged schematic diagram of

[0057] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of a force-displacement curve of a dual-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit of the utility model working in stages;

[0058] Fig.24a It is a three-dimensional exploded diagram of various parts of a horizontal seismic isolation unit of the utility model;

[0059] Figure 24b This is a vertical exploded view of the components of a horizontal seismic isolation unit of the utility model;

[0060] Fig.25a A three-dimensional exploded diagram of the components of a support bottom connection unit of the utility model;

[0061] Fig.25b This is a vertical exploded view of the components of the bottom connection unit of a support of the utility model;

[0062] Fig.26 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the use status of a vibration dual-control support.

[0063] Description of reference numerals:

[0064] 100-vertical isolation bearing, 200-horizontal isolation bearing;

[0065] 1-support upper connection unit, 11-support upper cover plate, 12-ring spring upper positioning ring, 13-upper anchor bolt;

[0066] 2-support lower connection unit, 21-support lower cover plate, 22-ring spring lower positioning ring, 23-lower anchor bolt;

[0067] 3-two-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit, 31-upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber, 311-upper inner ring spring, 312-upper annular conical rubber, 32-lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber, 321-lower inner ring spring, 322-lower annular conical rubber, 33-outer ring spring, 34-middle inner ring spring composite conical rubber, 341-middle inner ring spring, 342-middle annular conical rubber;

[0068] 4- horizontal isolation unit, 41- upper sliding surface, 42- lower sliding surface, 43- sliding core;

[0069] 5-support bottom connection unit, 51-support bottom plate, 52-bottom anchor bolt;

[0070] 6-Connecting bolts;

[0071] S 1 - A first predetermined distance, S 2 - a second predetermined distance.

[0072] In the various drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model more clear, the embodiments of the utility model are further described in detail in combination with the embodiments and drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their description are used to explain the utility model, but are not used as limitations of the utility model.

[0074] In the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "include / comprise", "consist of..." or any other variants are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product, device, process or method including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed when necessary, or also includes elements inherent to such product, device, process or method. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentences "include / comprise...", "consist of..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product, device, process or method including the elements.

[0075] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0076] It is also necessary to understand that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0077] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0078] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0079] See also Figures 1 to 4, an annular spring composite conical rubber two-stage variable stiffness vibration dual-control bearing provided by the utility model is exemplified, including a vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 and a horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200. The vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 is used to isolate vertical vibration effects, which is particularly necessary for building structures that are subjected to strong vertical vibrations, especially for the vertical vibration isolation requirements of adjacent building structures along urban underground rail transit lines. The horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200 is used to isolate horizontal earthquake effects, which is particularly necessary for areas with high earthquake fortification.

[0080] The horizontal isolation bearing 200 includes a horizontal isolation unit 4 and a bearing bottom connection unit 5, the horizontal isolation unit 4 is connected to the bearing bottom connection unit 5, the horizontal isolation unit 4 is connected and fixed to the vertical isolation bearing 100, and the bearing bottom connection unit 5 is connected and fixed to the lower structure.

[0081] The utility model relates to an annular spring composite conical rubber two-stage variable stiffness vibration dual-control bearing, which focuses on designing a special vertical vibration isolation bearing 100, mainly comprising a bearing upper connection unit 1, a bearing lower connection unit 2, and a two-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit 3, thus constituting an annular spring composite conical rubber two-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation bearing.

[0082] See also Figures 5 to 8 The double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit 3 is installed between the upper connection unit 1 of the support and the lower connection unit 2 of the support. The double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit 3 includes an upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31, a lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 and an outer ring spring 33. The upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 is coupled to the upper connection unit 1 of the support, and is partially embedded in the outer ring spring 33 from the upper part. The lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 is coupled to the lower connection unit 2 of the support, and is partially embedded in the outer ring spring 33 from the lower part. The upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 are opposed to each other and spaced apart in the outer ring spring 33.

[0083] The double-stage variable-rigidity vertical vibration isolation unit 3 proposed in the utility model adopts a method of connecting an inner ring spring composite conical rubber and an outer ring spring in series to ensure that the vertical stiffness of each force-bearing unit is much smaller than the inner ring spring composite conical rubber and the outer ring spring, which can significantly reduce the vertical vibration isolation frequency of the support, thereby improving the vertical vibration isolation efficiency of the support.

[0084] At the same time, a composite method of annular spring and conical rubber is adopted. This method utilizes the different deformation characteristics of annular spring and conical rubber to realize the vertical vibration isolation unit working in two stages of variable stiffness under different pressures. Specifically, within the first-level vertical loading range, only the conical rubber undergoes shear deformation, and the vertical vibration isolation unit is at the first-level vertical stiffness; within the second-level vertical loading range (larger than the first-level vertical loading), the conical rubber is locked and no longer undergoes shear deformation, the inner ring spring undergoes inward annular compression deformation, and the outer ring spring begins to undergo outward annular expansion deformation, and the vertical vibration isolation unit is at the second-level vertical stiffness, which is greater than the first-level vertical stiffness. When the first-level vertical stiffness is compressed, the vertical pressure of the support will increase significantly, avoiding the swaying effect and overall tipping of the upper building structure, which can effectively improve the vertical vibration isolation efficiency and damping energy dissipation effect, and expand the application scope and application scenarios of the vertical vibration isolation unit.

[0085] At the same time, the combined vibration isolation unit of annular spring and conical rubber has a combined force self-resetting ability. The annular spring has a strong self-resetting function when subjected to vertical pressure. The performance is stable and repeatable, which helps to restore the structure of the structure after vibration, so that the vibration isolation structure maintains an elastic deformation stage without damage, and realizes the vertical self-resetting function of the support.

[0086] In addition, the combination of annular springs and conical rubbers has a strong ability to reduce vibration and dissipate energy, and can consume about two-thirds of the energy in a vertical loading and unloading cycle. It is suitable for situations where the space size is limited but a large amount of energy is required to be absorbed, or where considerable attenuation force is required and strong vibration isolation and buffering are required.

[0087] For details, see Fig. 9 The upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 are embedded in the outer ring spring 33, but the two sides away from each other are respectively beyond the outer first predetermined distance S of the outer ring spring 33. 1 , that is, the top surface of the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 exceeds the top surface of the outer ring spring 33 by a first predetermined distance S 1 Similarly, the bottom surface of the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 exceeds the bottom surface of the outer ring spring 33 by a first predetermined distance S 1 , and the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 are spaced apart by a second predetermined distance S on their sides close to each other 2 , that is, the distance between the bottom surface of the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 and the top surface of the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 is S 2With this structure, when the support is vertically loaded, within the first level vertical loading range, only the conical rubber undergoes shear deformation. Within the second level vertical loading range, the conical rubber is locked and no longer undergoes shear deformation. The inner ring spring undergoes inward annular compression deformation, and the outer ring spring begins to undergo outward annular expansion deformation. In this way, two-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation is achieved, which can effectively improve the vertical vibration isolation efficiency and damping energy dissipation effect. In addition, the second level vertical stiffness is greater, which can provide a higher vertical bearing capacity and prevent the upper building structure from swaying effect and overall tipping.

[0088] The utility model preferably uses S 1 =(0.5~0.8)S 2 , more preferably using S 1 =1 / 2S 2 , that is, the first predetermined distances S above and below 1 The sum of the two and the second predetermined distance S 2 That is, in the limit state, the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 are just completely compressed into the outer ring spring 33, and the overall structure is more regular and beautiful. Of course, the second predetermined distance S can also be 2 Designed to be larger, when S 2 When it is larger, the cone rubber can be designed to be thicker, which can better utilize the advantage of the cone rubber's low shear stiffness.

[0089] In one embodiment, Fig.10a , showing a support upper connection unit 1, comprising: a support upper cover plate 11, an upper positioning ring 12 of a ring spring, and an upper anchor bolt 13. The support upper cover plate 11 is connected and fixed to an upper structure through the upper anchor bolt 13, and the upper structure is, for example, a structural column.

[0090] like Fig.10b The upper positioning ring 12 of the ring spring is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the support upper cover plate 11, and is used to position the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 and limit the horizontal movement of the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31, that is, it is not allowed to move horizontally and only allows it to move vertically, thereby realizing the decoupling of the horizontal deformation and vertical deformation of the vertical vibration isolation support 100 and the subsequent vibration dual-control support.

[0091] Specifically, the support upper cover plate 11 can be a square or circular steel plate, and the size and thickness are determined according to the design requirements. Fig.10a As shown in the figure, bolt holes are opened near the four corners of the support upper cover plate 11 and four upper anchor bolts 13 are preset. The upper anchor bolts 13 extend upward to be connected and fixed to the bottom of the upper structure column pier.

[0092] Likewise, if Fig.11a, showing a support lower connection unit 2, including: a support lower cover plate 21, a ring spring lower positioning ring 22, and a lower anchor bolt 23. The support lower cover plate 21 is connected and fixed to the lower structure through the lower anchor bolt 23. The lower structure can be, for example, a structural column or a foundation pier of a lower building structure.

[0093] like Fig.11b The lower positioning ring 22 of the ring spring is welded and fixed to the upper surface of the lower cover plate 21 of the support, and is used to position the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 and limit the horizontal movement of the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32, that is, it is not allowed to move horizontally and only allows it to move vertically, thereby realizing the decoupling of the horizontal deformation and vertical deformation of the vertical vibration isolation support 100 and the subsequent vibration dual-control support.

[0094] The structural forms of the support lower cover plate 21 and the lower anchor bolt 23 are the same as those of the support upper cover plate 11 and the upper anchor bolt 13, and are not described repeatedly here.

[0095] In addition, combined with Figures 5 to 7 The way that the upper ring spring positioning ring 12 positions the upper inner ring ring spring composite conical rubber 31 can be that the inner diameter of the upper inner ring ring spring composite conical rubber 31 is consistent with the outer diameter of the upper ring spring positioning ring 12, and the upper inner ring ring spring composite conical rubber 31 is just clamped on the outer periphery of the upper ring spring positioning ring 12, so that the upper ring spring positioning ring 12 can limit the upper inner ring ring spring composite conical rubber 31 horizontally, but allow the upper inner ring ring spring composite conical rubber 31 to move vertically relative to the upper ring spring positioning ring 12. Of course, the outer diameter of the upper inner ring ring spring composite conical rubber 31 can also be consistent with the inner diameter of the upper ring spring positioning ring 12, and the upper inner ring ring spring composite conical rubber 31 is just clamped on the inner ring of the upper ring spring positioning ring 12, which is easy to understand and implement for ordinary technology in the field.

[0096] Continue to see Fig.12a , 12b The utility model provides a specific upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31, which is composed of an upper inner ring spring 311 and an upper annular conical rubber 312. The upper inner ring spring 311 is an annular conical structure with a certain height, and has a large upper opening and a small lower opening as a whole, and has an inclined side wall, and the top surface of the upper inner ring spring 311 exceeds the top surface of the outer ring spring 33 by a first predetermined distance S 1 The upper annular conical rubber 312 matches the shape of the upper inner ring spring 311, that is, it is also an annular conical structure with a certain height, and the overall upper opening is large and the lower opening is small, but the height can be slightly smaller than the height of the upper inner ring spring 311, and a certain space is reserved for the compression and deformation of the rubber. The upper annular conical rubber 312 is sleeved on the inclined side wall of the upper inner ring spring, and the two form a whole. At this time, the upper inner side of the outer ring spring 33 has a corresponding matching annular conical structure, see Figure 6 The upper inner side of the outer ring spring 33 also presents an inclined side wall with a large upper opening and a small lower opening. The upper annular conical rubber 312 is clamped between the upper inner ring spring 311 and the inclined side wall of the outer ring spring 33. The upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 is embedded in the inclined side wall of the upper inner side of the outer ring spring 33 to form a close contact.

[0097] The structure of the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 is similar, see Fig.13a , 13b , which is composed of a lower inner ring spring 321 and a lower annular conical rubber 322, and has a small upper opening and a large lower opening as a whole, and has an inclined side wall, and the bottom surface of the lower inner ring spring 321 exceeds the bottom surface of the outer ring spring 33 by a first predetermined distance S 1 The lower annular conical rubber 322 matches the shape of the lower inner ring spring 321, that is, the overall shape is small at the upper end and large at the lower end. The lower annular conical rubber 322 is sleeved on the inclined side wall of the lower inner ring spring, and the two form a whole. The lower inner side of the outer ring spring 33 also has an inclined side wall with a small upper end and a large lower end. The lower annular conical rubber 322 is clamped between the inclined side walls of the lower inner ring spring 321 and the outer ring spring 33. The lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 is embedded in the inclined side wall of the lower inner side of the outer ring spring 33 to form a close contact.

[0098] It is easy to understand that the annular conical rubber sleeve is set on the inclined side wall of the inner ring spring. Through this composite method, the different deformation characteristics of the annular spring and the conical rubber are utilized to realize the vertical seismic isolation unit to work under different pressures in two stages with variable stiffness. In the first level vertical loading range, only the conical rubber undergoes shear deformation, and the vertical stiffness of the vibration isolation unit is the first level stiffness; in the second level vertical loading range, the conical rubber is locked and no longer undergoes shear deformation, and the ring spring begins to expand and deform in the annular direction, and the vertical stiffness of the vibration isolation unit is the second level stiffness.

[0099] See also Figures 14 to 16 , shows another embodiment of a vertical vibration isolation bearing 100, which mainly includes a bearing upper connection unit 1, a bearing lower connection unit 2, and a double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit 3, thus forming an annular spring composite conical rubber double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation bearing.

[0100] The difference is that the double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit 3 includes at least one middle inner ring spring composite conical rubber 34 in addition to the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32, which is composed of a middle inner ring spring 341 and two middle annular conical rubbers 342.

[0101] See also Fig.17 , 18, 19a, 19b, the middle inner ring spring 341 is a double ring conical structure with a certain height, and the overall upper and lower openings are small, and the middle part is large. Specifically, the middle inner ring spring 341 is a top-to-bottom symmetrical structure, which can be regarded as comprising two parts, the upper half is equivalent to a lower inner ring spring 321, and the lower half is equivalent to an upper inner ring spring 311, and the upper and lower parts are mirror-symmetrical about the central horizontal plane. Corresponding to this structure, the two middle ring conical rubbers 342 are respectively matched with the double ring shape of the middle inner ring spring 341, that is, one of the middle ring conical rubbers 342 is sleeved on the inclined side wall of the upper half of the middle inner ring spring 341, and the other middle ring conical rubber 342 is sleeved on the inclined side wall of the lower half of the middle inner ring spring 341.

[0102] Corresponding to the above structure, two outer ring springs 33 are provided, including an upper outer ring spring 33 and a lower outer ring spring 33, one of which is provided above and below the middle inner ring spring composite conical rubber 34. The upper half of the middle inner ring spring composite conical rubber 34 is embedded in the upper outer ring spring 33 with one of the middle annular conical rubbers 342, and the lower half of the middle inner ring spring composite conical rubber 34 is embedded in the lower outer ring spring 33 with another middle annular conical rubber 342. In addition, the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber 31 is embedded in the upper outer ring spring 33 from above, and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber 32 is embedded in the lower outer ring spring 33 from below, in the same manner as in the previous first embodiment.

[0103] It should be noted that according to the design requirements of the vibration isolation bearing stiffness, multiple middle inner ring spring composite conical rubbers 34 can be stacked as needed. The more the number, the lower the stiffness of the bearing, and the outer ring springs 33 can be increased accordingly.

[0104] The diameter of the conical rubber and annular spring is 100-500mm, and the height is 10-100mm. The inclination angle of the conical surface is in the range of 12° to 20°. When the conical surface processing accuracy is high, the inclination angle of the conical surface can be 12°. When there is no special precision requirement for the conical surface processing, the inclination angle of the conical surface can be 14°. When the friction coefficient of the conical surface is large, the inclination angle can be 16° to 20°. Engineers can change the lubricant, ring spring diameter, ring spring thickness, cone inclination, rubber thickness, rubber elastic modulus and other design parameters between the ring spring interface according to the vibration isolation and shock absorption requirements of the upper structure to obtain a suitable characteristic line to achieve the best vertical vibration isolation effect, and the designability is more flexible.

[0105] The annular spring has a high material utilization rate, and its energy storage capacity per unit volume of material is greater than that of other types of springs. It can save space required for the device and is economical. Optionally, the material of the annular spring can be high-quality spring steel such as 60Si2MnA, 50CrVA, stainless steel, chromium-nickel-iron alloy or other materials that meet the design requirements. The material of the annular conical rubber can be natural rubber or high-damping rubber. The high-damping rubber can provide damping force when deformed. The vertical vibration isolation bearing obtained in this way can significantly improve the vertical damping ratio of the vibration isolation bearing, ensure the energy consumption capacity of the vibration isolation bearing in the vertical vibration direction, and effectively solve the resonance effect of the vibration response amplification of the vibration wave at the vertical natural frequency point of the bearing, so as to achieve better vibration isolation effect. At the same time, under the action of earthquake, vertical damping can also be added to the upper structure to reduce the vertical seismic damage of the upper structure.

[0106] In addition, the conical rubber and the inner ring spring are connected by vulcanization or gluing to ensure effective connection and force transmission between the conical rubber unit and the inner ring spring, and to delay the aging of the rubber to a certain extent. The conical rubber and the outer ring spring are in direct contact by pressure, and lubricant or coating that increases the friction coefficient can be applied to the contact surface as needed.

[0107] Combine the following Figure 20 to Figure 23 , explaining the working principle of the double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation support of the utility model.

[0108] Fig. 20 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation support (partial) is shown, in which the double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit 3 is subjected to the vertical load of the support during use. When the vertical pressure is small, the vertical vibration isolation unit is subjected to stress through the shear deformation of the conical rubber. At this time, the vertical stiffness of the corresponding overall support is low, which is the first-stage working state. It has been verified that the vertical stiffness performance of the support at this time is significantly lower than that of the existing traditional vertical vibration isolation support. The vertical vibration isolation frequency of the traditional vertical vibration isolation support is generally in the range of 4 to 12 Hz. The vertical vibration isolation frequency of the support proposed by the utility model can be as low as 1 to 2 Hz, which can achieve extremely high vibration isolation efficiency (such as Fig.21a , 21b shown).

[0109] When the vertical pressure is large, the shear deformation of the conical rubber in the vertical vibration isolation unit reaches the maximum and contacts the inclined wall of the inner and outer ring springs. At this time, the conical rubber is shear locked, the inner ring spring undergoes inward annular compression deformation, and the outer ring spring undergoes outward annular expansion deformation. The vertical stiffness of the corresponding integral support is greater than that of the first stage (such as Fig.22a , 22b In the second working state, the ring spring will show a hysteresis energy dissipation curve under the action of reciprocating load (as shown in Fig.23As shown in the figure, when the ring spring is subjected to vertical reciprocating vibration excitation, it can provide greater vertical damping for the overall structure, thereby improving the vertical vibration isolation effect.

[0110] like Fig.24a , 24b As shown, the utility model provides a horizontal seismic isolation unit 4, which is a friction pendulum support, including upper and lower sliding surfaces 41, 42 and a sliding core 43 arranged between the upper and lower sliding surfaces 41, 42, the sliding core 43 is installed between the upper and lower sliding surfaces 41, 42, and the upper and lower sliding surfaces 41, 42 are pre-set with bolt holes around them, wherein the upper sliding surface 41 is connected and fixed to the lower connecting unit 2 of the upper vertical vibration isolation support 100 by a group of connecting bolts 6, and the lower sliding surface 42 is connected and fixed to the bottom connecting unit 5 of the support by a group of connecting bolts 6.

[0111] Of course, the horizontal seismic isolation unit 4 may also be other devices that can isolate horizontal earthquakes, such as natural rubber bearings, lead rubber bearings, and skateboard bearings.

[0112] The support bottom connection unit 5 may also include a support bottom plate 51, and may also be connected and fixed to the lower structure by means of bottom anchor bolts 52, such as Fig.25a , 25b As shown, bolt holes are provided near the four corners of the support bottom connection unit 5 and four bottom anchor bolts 52 are preset. The bottom anchor bolts 52 extend downward to be connected and fixed to the structural column or foundation pier.

[0113] like Fig.26 As shown, when the annular spring composite conical rubber two-stage variable stiffness vibration dual-control bearing of the utility model is in use, the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 and the horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200 are arranged in series, the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 is arranged on the upper part of the horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200, the upper connection unit 1 of the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 is connected and fixed to the upper structure column pier, the lower connection unit 2 of the vertical vibration isolation bearing 100 is connected and fixed to the horizontal isolation unit 4 of the horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200, and the bottom connection unit 5 of the horizontal vibration isolation bearing 200 is set on the lower structure or foundation column pier and connected and fixed.

[0114] In summary, the annular spring composite conical rubber two-stage variable stiffness vibration dual-control bearing designed in the utility model can simultaneously isolate vertical vibration and horizontal seismic effects, and can decouple the horizontal deformation and vertical deformation of the bearing. At the same time, with the help of the combined vibration isolation unit of the annular spring and conical rubber, within the initial first-level loading range, the vertical stiffness of the vibration isolation unit is relatively low, and within the second-level loading range, the vertical stiffness of the vibration isolation unit becomes larger, realizing two-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration control and significantly improving the vibration isolation effect, which is especially necessary for nearby building structures along urban underground rail transit lines in high seismic fortification areas.

[0115] Although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention. Certain features described in the context of a separate embodiment may also be implemented in a single implementation in combination. On the contrary, the various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented in multiple implementations individually or in any suitable sub-combination.

[0116] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or technical improvements in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A ring spring composite conical rubber dual-stage variable stiffness vibration dual-control bearing, characterized in that: include: Horizontal seismic isolation bearings; Vertical vibration isolation support, including: The upper connection unit of the support is used to connect and fix with the upper structure; A support lower connection unit is arranged below the support upper connection unit and is connected and fixed to the horizontal seismic isolation support; A double-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit is installed between the support upper connection unit and the support lower connection unit, and includes an upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber, a lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber and an outer ring spring, wherein the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber are respectively embedded in the outer ring spring from the upper and lower parts; and When the double-stage variable-rigidity vertical vibration isolation unit is subjected to the first-stage vertical loading, the conical rubber is shear-deformed, and the vibration isolation unit has the first-stage vertical stiffness; when the second-stage vertical loading is subjected to the second-stage vertical loading, the conical rubber is locked, the inner ring spring undergoes inward annular compression deformation, and the outer ring spring undergoes outward annular expansion deformation, and the vibration isolation unit has the second-stage vertical stiffness; and the first-stage vertical loading is less than the second-stage vertical loading, and the first-stage vertical stiffness is less than the second-stage vertical stiffness.

2. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber are respectively connected to the upper connection unit of the support and the lower connection unit of the support, and are restricted from horizontal movement and only vertical movement occurs.

3. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support upper connection unit comprises: The support upper cover plate is connected and fixed to the upper structure through upper anchor bolts; The upper positioning ring of the ring spring is fixed to the lower surface of the support upper cover plate and is annularly sleeved with the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber to limit the horizontal movement of the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber and only allow it to move vertically.

4. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support lower connection unit comprises: The support lower cover plate is connected and fixed to the lower structure through lower anchor bolts; The lower positioning ring of the ring spring is fixed to the upper surface of the lower cover plate of the support and is annularly sleeved with the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber to limit the horizontal movement of the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber and only allow it to move vertically.

5. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sides of the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber that are away from each other exceed the first predetermined distance outside the outer ring spring, and the sides of the upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber and the lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber that are close to each other are separated by a second predetermined distance, and the first predetermined distance is smaller than the second predetermined distance.

6. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first predetermined distance is 0.5 to 0.8 times the second predetermined distance.

7. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper inner ring spring composite conical rubber comprises: The upper inner ring spring is generally in a ring-shaped conical structure with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, has an inclined side wall, and its top surface exceeds the top surface of the outer ring spring by a first predetermined distance; The upper annular conical rubber matches the shape of the upper inner ring spring and is sleeved on the inclined side wall of the upper inner ring spring; and The inner side of the upper portion of the outer ring spring has a corresponding matching annular conical structure, and the upper annular conical rubber is clamped between the inclined side walls of the upper inner ring spring and the outer ring spring.

8. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower inner ring spring composite conical rubber comprises: The lower inner ring spring is generally in an annular conical structure with a small upper opening and a large lower opening, has an inclined side wall, and its bottom surface exceeds the bottom surface of the outer ring spring by a first predetermined distance; The lower annular conical rubber matches the shape of the lower inner ring spring and is sleeved on the inclined side wall of the lower inner ring spring; and The inner side of the lower part of the outer ring spring has a corresponding matching annular conical structure, and the lower annular conical rubber is clamped between the inclined side walls of the lower inner ring spring and the outer ring spring.

9. The vibration dual-control support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-stage variable stiffness vertical vibration isolation unit also includes at least one middle inner ring spring composite conical rubber, and the middle inner ring spring composite conical rubber includes: The inner ring spring in the middle is a double-ring conical structure with a certain height, with small upper and lower openings and a large middle part; Two middle annular conical rubbers respectively match the double ring shapes of the middle inner ring spring and are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of the double rings of the middle inner ring spring; and The outer ring spring comprises an upper outer ring spring and a lower outer ring spring, the upper part of the middle inner ring spring composite conical rubber is embedded in the upper outer ring spring, and the lower part of the middle inner ring spring composite conical rubber is embedded in the lower outer ring spring.

10. The vibration dual-control support according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The conical rubber is connected to the inner ring spring by vulcanization or gluing, and the conical rubber is in direct contact with the outer ring spring by pressure.

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