Agricultural planting non-point source pollution prevention and control system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a non-point source pollution prevention and control system for agricultural planting. The non-point source pollution prevention and control system comprises an ecological ridge, an ecological interception ditch and a detention pond which are sequentially formed in the water flow direction. The ecological ridges are used for absorbing and intercepting runoff sewage formed by the farmland longitudinal ditches, and a plurality of water inlets communicated with the ecological intercepting ditches are formed in the ecological ridges at intervals; an outer side channel wall as high as the ecological ridge is arranged on the outer side of the ecological interception channel, a plurality of first permeable dams are arranged in the ecological interception channel at intervals, and a plurality of water outlets are formed in the outer side channel wall at intervals; the water inlet end of the detention pond is communicated with the water outlet, submerged plants and emergent aquatic plants are planted in the detention pond, the detention pond is provided with a water outlet, and the bottom of the water outlet is higher than the bottom of the detention pond. The system is small in occupied area, the ecological interception ditch and the detention pond can be used in a combined mode according to actual conditions, applicability is good, water can be taken from the detention pond when crops have water demands, management, operation and maintenance are convenient, and cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an agricultural planting pollution prevention and control system, in particular to an agricultural planting non-point source pollution prevention and control system. Background Art

[0002] The existing non-point source pollution from the planting industry is mainly controlled through vegetation buffer zones, ecological interception ditches, artificial wetlands, etc. The vegetation buffer zones and artificial wetlands occupy a large area per unit volume of runoff pollution, have poor water retention capacity, and a short residence time, and have no function of re-irrigating the treated runoff into agricultural planting. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a planting surface pollution barrier system to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] An agricultural planting non-point source pollution control system, comprising an ecological ridge, an ecological interception ditch, and a retention pond formed in sequence along the direction of water flow;

[0006] The ecological ridge is used to absorb and intercept runoff sewage formed by the longitudinal ditch of the farmland, and a plurality of water inlets connected to the ecological interception ditch are arranged at intervals on the ecological ridge;

[0007] The outer side of the ecological interception ditch is provided with an outer channel wall of the same height as the ecological field ridge, a plurality of first permeable dams are arranged at intervals in the ecological interception ditch, and a plurality of water outlets are arranged at intervals on the outer channel wall;

[0008] The water inlet end of the retention pond is communicated with the water outlet, submerged plants and emergent plants are planted in the retention pond, and the retention pond is provided with a drainage outlet, and the bottom height of the drainage outlet is higher than the bottom height of the retention pond.

[0009] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the ecological ridge is a trapezoidal structure that is wide at the bottom and narrow at the top. The ecological ridge includes an outer soil layer and an inner stone layer. Herbaceous vegetation is planted on the upper end of the ecological ridge and the outer channel wall.

[0010] Furthermore, the stone particle size in the stone layer is 5-20 cm, the bottom width of the ecological ridge is 0.5-1.0 m, and the height of the ecological ridge is 0.7-1.2 m.

[0011] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the ecological interception ditch is an inverted trapezoidal structure that is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top. The bottom width of the ecological interception ditch is 0.3-0.5m, and the top width is 0.5-1m.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the ecological interception ditch is a rammed clay layer, a nutrient soil layer is provided on the rammed clay layer, and emergent plants are planted on the nutrient soil layer.

[0013] Furthermore, submerged plants are planted at the bottom of the retention pond, wetland plants are planted around the retention pond, and a second permeable dam is provided at the water inlet end of the retention pond, and the second permeable dam is made of porous material.

[0014] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. The area occupied by this system is significantly smaller than that of non-point source control measures such as vegetation buffer zones and artificial wetlands, effectively solving the problem of lack of land for non-point source runoff pollution control in the current situation where the protection of basic farmland is becoming increasingly strict;

[0016] 2. This system has modular properties. The ecological interception ditch and retention pond can be used in combination according to actual conditions. It is applicable to various terrains such as plains, hilly slopes, etc., and does not require preliminary site leveling work such as artificial wetlands;

[0017] 3. The retention pond of this system has a certain volume and is planted with submerged plants and emergent plants. It can reduce evaporation in drought conditions caused by uneven rainfall distribution in the watershed area. When crops need water, they can take water from the retention pond, which has a certain effect on agricultural drought resistance.

[0018] 4. The construction method of this system is simple, and the requirements for the construction unit are not high. The construction involves few types of building materials, which can all be purchased locally, and the overall cost is low;

[0019] 5. This system has less filler and does not require backwashing during operation. The plant planting area is small. It only needs to harvest water purification plants once a year and weed once in spring and summer. The management and operation are relatively convenient and low-cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a process flow chart of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is an overhead view of the ecological interception ditch.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of plane 1-1.

[0023] Figure 4 A top view of the detention pond.

[0024] In the figure, 1-ecological field ridge, 101-soil layer, 102-stone layer, 2-ecological interception ditch, 3-outer channel wall, 4-retention pond, 5-water inlet, 6-first permeable dam, 7-water outlet, 8-drainage outlet, 9-clay compacted layer, 10-nutrient soil layer, 11-second permeable dam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other.

[0028] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, or the positions or positional relationships commonly understood by those skilled in the art, which are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] refer to Figure 1-4 As shown, one embodiment of the utility model is:

[0032] An agricultural planting non-point source pollution control system, comprising an ecological ridge 1, an ecological interception ditch 2, and a retention pond 4 formed in sequence along the direction of water flow;

[0033] The ecological ridge 1 is used to absorb and intercept runoff sewage formed by the longitudinal ditch of the farmland. A plurality of water inlets 5 connected to the ecological interception ditch 2 are arranged at intervals on the ecological ridge 1.

[0034] The outer side of the ecological interception ditch 2 is provided with an outer channel wall 3 of the same height as the ecological field ridge 1, a plurality of first permeable dams 6 are arranged at intervals in the ecological interception ditch 2, and a plurality of water outlets 7 are arranged at intervals on the outer channel wall 3;

[0035] The water inlet end of the retention pond 4 is connected to the water outlet 7 , submerged plants and emergent plants are planted in the retention pond 4 , and the retention pond 4 is provided with a drain outlet 8 , and the bottom height of the drain outlet 8 is higher than the bottom height of the retention pond 4 .

[0036] Specifically, the longitudinal section of the ecological ridge 1 is a trapezoidal structure that is wide at the bottom and narrow at the top. The ecological ridge 1 includes an outer soil layer 101 and an inner stone layer 102. The upper ends of the ecological ridge 1 and the outer canal wall 3 are planted with herbaceous vegetation. The outer canal wall 3 is compacted with clay in consideration of construction costs. The herbaceous vegetation is specifically one or more of ryegrass, tall fescue and bermudagrass.

[0037] The particle size of the stone in the stone layer 102 is 5-20 cm, the bottom width of the ecological ridge 1 is 0.5-1.0 m, and the height of the ecological ridge is 0.7-1.2 m.

[0038] The ecological ridge 1 is the canal wall structure of the ecological interception ditch near the farmland side. Therefore, it should be built in accordance with the slope and direction of the farmland during construction. The construction methods of the ecological ridge are divided into excavation method, stacking method, template method, etc. The ecological ridge is made of soil and stone materials stacked layer by layer. Each layer needs to be compacted after stacking to ensure the solidity of the ridge. The water inlet 5 is selected according to the type of farmland planting. For example, the width of the paddy field can be appropriately increased to ensure that the water is drained away in time. The ecological ridge of this system can play a buffering and defensive role when the farmland is flooded, guiding the flood to a safe area to avoid losses caused by flooding of farmland. At the same time, it can also provide a habitat for beneficial insects, which can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases and reduce the use of pesticides.

[0039] The longitudinal section of the ecological interception ditch 2 is an inverted trapezoidal structure that is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top. The bottom width of the ecological interception ditch 2 is 0.3-0.5m, and the top width is 0.5-1m.

[0040] The ecological interception ditch of this system selects the appropriate ditch direction after considering factors such as the planting area, topography, and water direction.

[0041] The specific dimensions of the ecological ridge panels, ecological interception ditches, and outer channel walls of this system are determined according to the on-site land conditions.

[0042] The ecological ridge 1 is arranged near the farmland side to absorb and intercept the runoff formed by the longitudinal ditch of the farmland. Part of the pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the runoff water are absorbed by the plants in the ecological ridge or intercepted by the soil. After the ecological ridge is saturated, the remaining part of the runoff water enters the ecological interception ditch 2 along the water inlet 5 on the ecological ridge 1; in the ecological interception ditch 2, after the runoff water stays for a period of time, part of the nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants are degraded and utilized by microorganisms in the soil, and part is absorbed by the growth of plants in the ditch, and finally the runoff water enters the retention pond set at intervals; in the retention pond, the pollutants in the original crop runoff have been greatly reduced, and the water body can stay in the retention pond for a period of time. Submerged plants and emergent plants are planted in the pond to ensure that the water quality will not deteriorate after a long stay. The volume of the retention pond is determined according to the on-site land use. The stored water can be used for crop irrigation, and can be directly discharged into the surface water through the set drainage outlet in the rainy season.

[0043] In this embodiment, considering the later operation and maintenance costs and technical limitations in rural areas, no filler is used at the bottom of the ecological interception ditch. Specifically, a clay ramming layer 9 is set at the bottom of the ecological interception ditch 2. A nutrient soil layer 10 is set on the clay ramming layer 9. Emergent plants are planted on the nutrient soil layer 10. As the nutrient source for the growth of plants after the canal wall is saturated and absorbed by the water, thereby reducing pollutants, the emergent plants are specifically selected from water plantain and cattail, and the planting density is controlled at 3-5 plants / m 2 .

[0044] The first permeable dam 6 arranged at intervals in the ecological interception ditch can use permeable bricks and filled gravel, etc., to purify water quality and regulate the flow rate through the interception adsorption and controllable seepage of the dam body. At the same time, the first permeable dam is used to raise the upstream water level to provide head for downstream flow and flow rate regulation.

[0045] In this embodiment, submerged plants are planted at the bottom of the retention pond 4, wetland plants are planted around the retention pond 4, and a second permeable dam 11 is provided at the water inlet end of the retention pond 4, and the second permeable dam 11 is made of porous material.

[0046] The retention pond 4 is used to temporarily retain the water from the ecological ditch, which can further reduce pollutants and store water for reuse. The volume of the retention pond 4 is determined by the distance and planting type of the ecological interception ditch outlet. Brick-concrete, stone masonry, and clay ramming structures can be used. Taking clay ramming as an example, the pond body can be dug out mechanically and the pond wall can be rammed. Submerged plants such as foxtail algae are planted at the bottom of the pond, and the foxtail algae planting density is 10 plants / m 2 , plant calamus and other wetland plants around the pond, and control the planting density at 4 plants / m 2 , while purifying the water quality, it also generates certain economic benefits. The second permeable dam is set at the water inlet end to further purify the water from the ecological interception ditch. The cross-section of the permeable dam is a rectangular duplex structure. It is built with porous materials such as slag and broken bricks to form a seepage-type ecological interception dam symmetrical to the cross-section of the outlet. The bottom elevation of the retention pool outlet is higher than the bottom height of the retention pool, which is mainly used to extend the water retention time for drainage and water storage after pollutant reduction for reuse.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural planting non-point source pollution control system, characterized by: It includes ecological ridges, ecological interception ditches and retention ponds formed in sequence along the direction of water flow; The ecological ridge is used to absorb and intercept runoff sewage formed by the longitudinal ditch of the farmland, and a plurality of water inlets connected to the ecological interception ditch are arranged at intervals on the ecological ridge; The outer side of the ecological interception ditch is provided with an outer channel wall of the same height as the ecological field ridge, a plurality of first permeable dams are arranged at intervals in the ecological interception ditch, and a plurality of water outlets are arranged at intervals on the outer channel wall; The water inlet end of the retention pond is communicated with the water outlet, submerged plants and emergent plants are planted in the retention pond, and the retention pond is provided with a drainage outlet, and the bottom height of the drainage outlet is higher than the bottom height of the retention pond.

2. The agricultural planting non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The longitudinal section of the ecological ridge is a trapezoidal structure that is wide at the bottom and narrow at the top. The ecological ridge includes an outer soil layer and an inner stone layer. Herbaceous vegetation is planted on the upper end of the ecological ridge and the outer channel wall.

3. The agricultural planting non-point source pollution control system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The particle size of the stones in the stone layer is 5-20 cm, the bottom width of the ecological ridge is 0.5-1.0 m, and the height of the ecological ridge is 0.7-1.2 m.

4. The agricultural planting non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The longitudinal section of the ecological interception ditch is an inverted trapezoidal structure that is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top. The bottom width of the ecological interception ditch is 0.3-0.5m, and the top width is 0.5-1m.

5. The agricultural planting non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The bottom of the ecological interception ditch is a clay compaction layer, a nutrient soil layer is arranged on the clay compaction layer, and emergent plants are planted on the nutrient soil layer.

6. The agricultural planting non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1 is characterized by: Submerged plants are planted at the bottom of the retention pond, wet plants are planted around the retention pond, and a second permeable dam is provided at the water inlet end of the retention pond, and the second permeable dam is made of porous materials.

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