Tunneling machine shield

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunneling machine shield which solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the adjustable supporting radius of a shield body is small, and the shield body is blocked due to side slag accumulation. The tunneling machine shield comprises a top shield, a side shield and a bottom shield which are respectively connected with a headstock through a guide mechanism and a telescopic piece, one end of the side shield is hinged with the top shield, and a lap joint structure is arranged between the other end of the side shield and the end part of the bottom shield. According to the tunneling machine shield, the supporting radius can be adjusted in multiple directions, the top shield and the side shield are connected in a non-lap-joint matched mode, the problems of slag accumulation of the side shield and blocking of the shield can be solved, the position of the machine head frame is adjusted through the guide mechanism and the telescopic piece, and the cutter head is driven to integrally move. The problem that expanding excavation or supporting radius increasing is needed in the severe and complex geological environment can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shields, in particular to a shield for a tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] Open-type TBMs are often used in medium-hard and hard rocks with good surrounding rock, certain self-stability, and uniaxial compressive strength of 50-200Mpa. They are generally used to excavate tunnels with surrounding rock of grade II, III, and IV. Due to geological conditions, when encountering weak surrounding rock and fault-broken geology, open-type TBMs face difficulties such as inability to excavate, large amounts of slag removal work, easy damage to equipment, and safety of personnel operations.

[0003] For example, an open TBM shield disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with an authorization announcement date of 2021.10.12 and an authorization announcement number of CN214384153U includes a top shield, a side shield and a bottom shield, one end of the side shield is hinged to the bottom shield, and the other end is hinged to the top shield, the side shield includes a top side shield and a bottom side shield, the top side shield and the bottom side shield are overlapped, and auxiliary propulsion mechanisms are provided on the axial end faces of the top shield, the side shield and the bottom shield; although the problem that the shield cannot meet the excavation thrust is solved, its adjustable support radius is small, and its top side shield and bottom side shield are overlapped at the top, which cannot solve the problems of slag accumulation on the side of the shield and shield jamming.

[0004] Common shield structures can provide a certain degree of support, but the center position of the cutterhead is stationary. For example, an open TBM side shield structure disclosed in a Chinese utility model patent with an authorization announcement date of 2021.10.08 and an authorization announcement number of CN 214366066 U includes a side shield and a swing shield. The side shield is connected to both sides of the head frame through a guide and a telescopic support member I. One end of the swing shield is hinged to the bottom of the head frame, and the other end is overlapped with the side shield. The swing shield is connected to the head frame through a telescopic support member II. An auxiliary thrust mechanism is provided on the axial end face of the side shield. Although it can provide a certain degree of support, the center position of the cutterhead is stationary, and it cannot meet the support and excavation requirements under complex and harsh geological conditions.

[0005] It should be particularly noted that the above technical information is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present utility model, and should not be regarded as admitting or implying in any form that the above technical information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the utility model proposes a tunnel boring machine shield, which solves the technical problems in the prior art that the adjustable support radius of the shield is small and the shield body is stuck due to slag accumulation on the side.

[0007] The technical solution of this application is:

[0008] A tunnel boring machine shield comprises a top shield, a side shield and a bottom shield respectively connected to a machine head frame through a guide mechanism and a telescopic member, wherein one end of the side shield is hinged to the top shield and an overlap structure is arranged between the other end and the end of the bottom shield.

[0009] The tunnel boring machine shield disclosed in the technical solution can adjust the support radius in multiple directions. The top shield and the side shields are connected in a non-overlapping manner, which can protect the side shields from slag accumulation and shield jamming. The position of the head frame is adjusted by the guide mechanism and the telescopic parts to drive the cutter head to move as a whole, which can solve the situation where the excavation needs to be expanded or the support radius needs to be increased in harsh and complex geological environments.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide mechanism includes a first guide mechanism connected between the top shield and the head frame, the first guide mechanism includes a first outer box and a first inner box that are plug-fitted together, and the first outer box and the first inner box are respectively connected to the top shield and the head frame.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, as a preferred implementation of the tunnel boring machine shield, the first guide mechanism between the top shield and the head frame adopts a structure in which the first outer box and the first inner box are plugged in and matched with each other, which is not only reliable in guidance and strong in load-bearing capacity, but also simple in structure and easy to arrange. Specifically, one end of the first outer box is connected to the inner side of the top shield, and preferably connected to the center of the inner side of the top shield, and the other end of the first outer box faces the upper side of the head frame; one end of the first inner box is connected to the upper side of the head frame, and preferably connected to the center of the upper side of the head frame, and the other end of the first inner box faces the first outer box and plugs in and matches with the first outer box.

[0012] Of course, you can also choose a structural design opposite to the above-mentioned plug-in method, such as one end of the first inner box is connected to the inner side of the top shield, and is preferably connected to the center position of the inner side of the top shield, and the other end of the first inner box faces the upper side of the head frame; one end of the first outer box is connected to the upper side of the head frame, and is preferably connected to the center position of the upper side of the head frame, and the other end of the first outer box faces the first inner box and is plugged into the first inner box.

[0013] In addition, the first guide mechanism between the top shield and the head frame can also adopt other structural forms, such as guide member 1 and guide member 2 of non-box-type structure, such as guide groove and guide rod, guide column and guide cylinder, etc. The top shield and the head frame are respectively connected to guide member 1 and guide member 2, as long as guide member 1 and guide member 2 can be relatively extended and retracted in one degree of freedom and limited to each other in other degrees of freedom.

[0014] Furthermore, the telescopic member includes a first telescopic member connected between the top shield and the head frame, and at least two first telescopic members are provided and are symmetrically arranged about the first guide mechanism.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solution, as a preferred implementation of the tunnel boring machine shield, the number of first telescopic members between the top shield and the head frame is set to two and arranged symmetrically about the first guide mechanism, which can ensure the smoothness and stability of the driving process, avoid stress concentration in the static support state, and fully ensure the reliability of the use process and the long service life. Of course, when the first telescopic member is set to multiple, it is preferred to use an even number, and the even number of first telescopic members is divided into two groups, and the two groups of first telescopic members are symmetrically arranged about the first guide mechanism. Of course, whether it is an even number of first telescopic members or an even group of first telescopic members, a symmetrical arrangement may not be adopted.

[0016] Furthermore, the guide mechanism includes a second guide mechanism connected between the side shield and the head frame, the second guide mechanism includes a second outer box and a second inner box that are plug-fitted together, and the second outer box and the second inner box are respectively connected to the side shield and the head frame.

[0017] On the basis of the above technical solution, as a preferred implementation of the tunnel boring machine shield, the second guide mechanism between the side shield and the head frame adopts a structure in which the second outer box and the second inner box are plugged in and matched with each other, which not only has reliable guidance and strong load-bearing capacity, but also has a simple structure and is easy to arrange. Specifically, one end of the second outer box is connected to the inner side of the side shield, and is preferably connected to the center of the inner side of the side shield, and the other end of the second outer box faces the left side or / and the right side of the head frame; one end of the second inner box is connected to the left side or / and the right side of the head frame, and is preferably connected to the center of the left side or / and the right side of the head frame, and the other end of the second inner box faces the second outer box and is plugged in and matched with the second outer box.

[0018] Of course, you can also choose a structural design opposite to the above-mentioned plug-in method, such as one end of the second inner box is connected to the inner side of the side shield, and is preferably connected to the center of the inner side of the side shield, and the other end of the second inner box faces the left side and / or the right side of the head frame; one end of the second outer box is connected to the left side and / or the right side of the head frame, and is preferably connected to the center of the left side and / or the right side of the head frame, and the other end of the second outer box faces the second inner box and is plugged into the second inner box.

[0019] In addition, the second guide mechanism between the side shield and the head frame can also adopt other structural forms, such as guide member one and guide member two of non-box type structure, such as guide groove and guide rod, guide column and guide cylinder, etc. The side shield and the head frame are respectively connected to guide member one and guide member two, as long as guide member one and guide member two can be relatively extended and retracted in one degree of freedom and limited to each other in other degrees of freedom.

[0020] Furthermore, the telescopic member includes a second telescopic member connected between the side shield and the head frame. When the second telescopic member is provided as one, the second telescopic member is connected to one end of the side shield close to the bottom shield.

[0021] On the basis of the above technical solution, as a preferred implementation mode of the tunnel boring machine shield, after the first telescopic part performs radial movement, the side shield swings around the pin shaft at the hinge under the movement of the top shield, and then the telescopic movement of the second telescopic part is controlled to cooperate, so that the side shield is close to the tunnel wall for stable support, so as to control the change of the support radius of the entire top shield and side shield, and the second telescopic part preferably adopts a telescopic cylinder.

[0022] Furthermore, the guide mechanism includes a third guide mechanism connected between the bottom shield and the head frame, the third guide mechanism includes a third outer box and a third inner box that are plug-fitted together, and the third outer box and the third inner box are respectively connected to the bottom shield and the head frame.

[0023] On the basis of the above technical solution, as a preferred implementation of the tunnel boring machine shield, the third guide mechanism between the bottom shield and the head frame adopts a structure in which the third outer box and the third inner box are plugged in and matched with each other, which is not only reliable in guidance and strong in load-bearing capacity, but also simple in structure and easy to arrange. Specifically, one end of the third outer box is connected to the inner side of the bottom shield, and preferably connected to the center of the inner side of the bottom shield, and the other end of the third outer box faces the lower side of the head frame; one end of the third inner box is connected to the lower side of the head frame, and preferably connected to the center of the lower side of the head frame, and the other end of the third inner box faces the third outer box and plugs in and matches with the third outer box.

[0024] Of course, you can also choose a structural design opposite to the above-mentioned plug-in method, such as one end of the third inner box is connected to the inner side of the bottom shield, and is preferably connected to the center position of the inner side of the side shield, and the other end of the third inner box faces the lower side of the head frame; one end of the third outer box is connected to the lower side of the head frame, and is preferably connected to the center position of the lower side of the head frame, and the other end of the third outer box faces the third inner box and is plugged into the third inner box.

[0025] In addition, the second guide mechanism between the bottom shield and the head frame can also adopt other structural forms, such as guide member 1 and guide member 2 of non-box-type structure, such as guide groove and guide rod, guide column and guide cylinder, etc. The bottom shield and the head frame are respectively connected to guide member 1 and guide member 2, as long as guide member 1 and guide member 2 can be relatively extended and retracted in one degree of freedom and limited to each other in other degrees of freedom.

[0026] Furthermore, the telescopic member includes a third telescopic member connected between the bottom shield and the head frame, and at least two third telescopic members are provided and are symmetrically arranged about the third guide mechanism.

[0027] On the basis of the above technical solution, as a preferred implementation of the tunnel boring machine shield, the third telescopic parts between the bottom shield and the head frame are set to two and are symmetrically arranged about the third guide mechanism, which can ensure the smoothness and stability of the driving process, and can also avoid stress concentration in the static support state, fully ensuring the reliability of the use process and the long service life. Of course, when the third telescopic parts are set to multiple, it is preferred to use an even number, and the even number of third telescopic parts are divided into two groups, and the two groups of third telescopic parts are symmetrically arranged about the third guide mechanism. Of course, whether it is an even number of third telescopic parts or an even group of third telescopic parts, it is also possible not to adopt a symmetrical arrangement.

[0028] Furthermore, one of the side shields is hinged at each of the two ends of the top shield, and the side shields at both sides are overlapped with the two ends of the bottom shield through the overlap structure.

[0029] Furthermore, the overlapping structure includes an overlapping groove provided at the end of the side shield, and an overlapping block matched with the overlapping groove is provided at the end of the bottom shield. Alternatively, the overlapping groove is provided at the end of the bottom shield, and the overlapping block is provided at the end of the side shield.

[0030] On the basis of the above technical scheme, as an optimal implementation mode of the tunnel boring machine shield, when the shield body is supported and stabilized, the top shield and the side shield move radially under the action of the first telescopic member and the third telescopic member, and the overlap block can limit the stroke of the third telescopic member to prevent damage to the third telescopic member. The structural design of the overlap block and the overlap groove can also prevent large pieces of debris from entering the inside of the shield body.

[0031] Furthermore, the telescopic member is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution disclosed in the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The support radius can be adjusted in multiple directions to solve the problem of shield jamming under complex geological conditions. The top shield and side shields are hinged on the upper side to avoid the occurrence of slag jamming on the upper part of the shield, which can improve the overall excavation efficiency of the tunnel boring machine.

[0034] 2. The position of the cutter head center can be adjusted to carry out excavation and support under complex geological conditions, making the support of the collapsed cavity more efficient and safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the tunnel boring machine shield.

[0037] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0038] Top shield 1; first inner box 2; first outer box 3; first guide mechanism 4; first telescopic member 5; head frame 6; side shield 7; second inner box 8; second outer box 9; second telescopic member 10; third inner box 12; third outer box 13; third telescopic member 14; third guide mechanism 15; bottom shield 16; overlap groove 17; bottom shield 18. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the core concept of the utility model and the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0040] A tunnel boring machine shield, such as Figure 1 , including a top shield 1, a side shield 7 and a bottom shield 16 which are respectively connected to the head frame 6 through a guide mechanism and a telescopic member. One end of the side shield 7 is hinged to the top shield 1, and an overlap structure is arranged between the other end and the end of the bottom shield 16.

[0041] The tunnel boring machine shield disclosed in this embodiment can adjust the support radius in multiple directions. The top shield 1 and the side shield 7 are connected in a non-overlapping manner, which can protect the side shield 7 from slag accumulation and shield jamming. The position of the head frame 6 is adjusted by the guide mechanism and the telescopic part to drive the overall movement of the cutter head, which can solve the situation where the excavation needs to be expanded or the support radius needs to be increased in harsh and complex geological environments.

[0042] On the basis of the above embodiments, as a preferred implementation mode of the tunnel boring machine shield, the guide mechanism includes a first guide mechanism 4 connected between the top shield 1 and the head frame 6, the first guide mechanism 4 includes a first outer box body 3 and a first inner box body 2 that are plug-in matched, the first outer box body 3 and the first inner box body 2 are respectively connected to the top shield 1 and the head frame 6.

[0043] That is, the first guide mechanism 4 between the top shield 1 and the head frame 6 adopts a structure in which the first outer box 3 and the first inner box 2 are plugged in and matched with each other, which not only has reliable guidance and strong load-bearing capacity, but also has a simple structure and is easy to arrange. Specifically, one end of the first outer box 3 is connected to the inner side of the top shield 1, and is preferably connected to the center of the inner side of the top shield 1, and the other end of the first outer box 3 faces the upper side of the head frame 6; one end of the first inner box 2 is connected to the upper side of the head frame 6, and is preferably connected to the center of the upper side of the head frame 6, and the other end of the first inner box 2 faces the first outer box 3 and plugs in and matches with the first outer box 3.

[0044] Of course, a structural design opposite to the above-mentioned plug-in method can also be selected, such as one end of the first inner box body 2 is connected to the inner side of the top shield 1, and is preferably connected to the center position of the inner side of the top shield 1, and the other end of the first inner box body 2 faces the upper side of the head frame 6; one end of the first outer box body 3 is connected to the upper side of the head frame 6, and is preferably connected to the center position of the upper side of the head frame 6, and the other end of the first outer box body 3 faces the first inner box body 2 and is plugged into and matched with the first inner box body 2.

[0045] In addition, the first guide mechanism 4 between the top shield 1 and the head frame 6 can also adopt other structural forms, such as guide member 1 and guide member 2 of non-box-type structure, such as guide groove and guide rod, guide column and guide cylinder, etc. The top shield 1 and the head frame 6 are respectively connected to guide member 1 and guide member 2, as long as guide member 1 and guide member 2 can be relatively extended and retracted in one degree of freedom and limited to each other in other degrees of freedom.

[0046] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred implementation mode of the tunnel boring machine shield, the telescopic member includes a first telescopic member 5 connected between the top shield 1 and the head frame 6, and the first telescopic member 5 is provided with at least two and is symmetrically arranged about the first guide mechanism 4.

[0047] That is, the first telescopic parts 5 between the top shield 1 and the head frame 6 are set to two and arranged symmetrically about the first guide mechanism 4, which can ensure the smoothness and stability of the driving process, avoid stress concentration in the static support state, and fully ensure the reliability of the use process and the long service life. Of course, when the first telescopic parts 5 are set to multiple, it is preferred to use an even number, and the even number of first telescopic parts 5 are divided into two groups, and the two groups of first telescopic parts 5 are symmetrically arranged about the first guide mechanism 4. Of course, whether it is an even number of first telescopic parts 5 or an even group of first telescopic parts 5, it is also possible not to adopt a symmetrical arrangement.

[0048] On the basis of the above embodiments, as a preferred implementation mode of the tunnel boring machine shield, the guide mechanism includes a second guide mechanism 11 connected between the side shield 7 and the head frame 6, and the second guide mechanism 11 includes a second outer box body 9 and a second inner box body 8 that are plug-in matched, and the second outer box body 9 and the second inner box body 8 are respectively connected to the side shield 7 and the head frame 6.

[0049] That is, the second guide mechanism 11 between the side shield 7 and the head frame 6 adopts a structure in which the second outer box 9 and the second inner box 8 are plugged in and matched with each other, which is not only reliable in guidance and strong in load-bearing capacity, but also simple in structure and easy to arrange. Specifically, one end of the second outer box 9 is connected to the inner side of the side shield 7, and is preferably connected to the center position of the inner side of the side shield 7, and the other end of the second outer box 9 faces the left side or / and the right side of the head frame 6; one end of the second inner box 8 is connected to the left side or / and the right side of the head frame 6, and is preferably connected to the center position of the left side or / and the right side of the head frame 6, and the other end of the second inner box 8 faces the second outer box 9 and plugs in and matches with the second outer box 9.

[0050] Of course, a structural design opposite to the above-mentioned plug-in method can also be selected, such as one end of the second inner box body 8 is connected to the inner side of the side shield 7, and is preferably connected to the center position of the inner side of the side shield 7, and the other end of the second inner box body 8 faces the left side and / or the right side of the head frame 6; one end of the second outer box body 9 is connected to the left side and / or the right side of the head frame 6, and is preferably connected to the center position of the left side and / or the right side of the head frame 6, and the other end of the second outer box body 9 faces the second inner box body 8 and is plugged into and matched with the second inner box body 8.

[0051] In addition, the second guide mechanism 11 between the side shield 7 and the head frame 6 can also adopt other structural forms, such as guide member 1 and guide member 2 of non-box-type structure, such as guide groove and guide rod, guide column and guide cylinder, etc. The side shield 7 and the head frame 6 are respectively connected to guide member 1 and guide member 2, as long as guide member 1 and guide member 2 can be relatively extended and retracted in one degree of freedom and limited to each other in other degrees of freedom.

[0052] On the basis of the above embodiments, as a preferred implementation mode of the tunnel boring machine shield, the telescopic member includes a second telescopic member 10 connected between the side shield 7 and the head frame 6. When the second telescopic member 10 is set to one, the second telescopic member 10 is connected to one end of the side shield 7 close to the bottom shield 16.

[0053] That is, after the first telescopic member 5 performs radial movement, the side shield 7 swings around the pin shaft at the hinge under the movement of the top shield 1, and then the extension and retraction of the second telescopic member 10 is controlled to cooperate, so that the side shield 7 is close to the cave wall for stable support, so as to control the change of the support radius of the entire top shield 1 and the side shield 7. The second telescopic member 10 preferably adopts a telescopic cylinder.

[0054] On the basis of the above embodiments, as a preferred implementation mode of the tunnel boring machine shield, the guide mechanism includes a third guide mechanism 15 connected between the bottom shield 16 and the head frame 6, the third guide mechanism 15 includes a third outer box 13 and a third inner box 12 that are plug-in compatible, and the third outer box 13 and the third inner box 12 are respectively connected to the bottom shield 16 and the head frame 6.

[0055] That is, the third guide mechanism 15 between the bottom shield 16 and the head frame 6 adopts a structure in which the third outer box 13 and the third inner box 12 are plugged in and matched with each other, which not only has reliable guidance and strong bearing capacity, but also has a simple structure and is easy to arrange. Specifically, one end of the third outer box 13 is connected to the inner side of the bottom shield 16, and preferably connected to the center position of the inner side of the bottom shield 16, and the other end of the third outer box 13 faces the lower side of the head frame 6; one end of the third inner box 12 is connected to the lower side of the head frame 6, and preferably connected to the center position of the lower side of the head frame 6, and the other end of the third inner box 12 faces the third outer box 13 and plugs in and matches with the third outer box 13.

[0056] Of course, a structural design opposite to the above-mentioned plug-in method can also be selected, such as one end of the third inner box 12 is connected to the inner side of the bottom shield 16, and is preferably connected to the center position of the inner side of the side shield 7, and the other end of the third inner box 12 faces the lower side of the head frame 6; one end of the third outer box 13 is connected to the lower side of the head frame 6, and is preferably connected to the center position of the lower side of the head frame 6, and the other end of the third outer box 13 faces the third inner box 12 and is plugged into and matched with the third inner box 12.

[0057] In addition, the second guide mechanism 11 between the bottom shield 16 and the head frame 6 can also adopt other structural forms, such as guide member 1 and guide member 2 of non-box-type structure, such as guide groove and guide rod, guide column and guide cylinder, etc. The bottom shield 16 and the head frame 6 are respectively connected to guide member 1 and guide member 2, as long as guide member 1 and guide member 2 can be relatively extended and retracted in one degree of freedom and limited to each other in other degrees of freedom.

[0058] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred implementation mode of the tunnel boring machine shield, the telescopic member includes a third telescopic member 14 connected between the bottom shield 16 and the head frame 6 , and the third telescopic member 14 is provided with at least two and is symmetrically arranged about the third guide mechanism 15 .

[0059] That is, the third telescopic parts 14 between the bottom shield 16 and the head frame 6 are set to two and arranged symmetrically about the third guide mechanism 15, which can ensure the smoothness and stability of the driving process, and can also avoid stress concentration in the static support state, fully ensuring the reliability of the use process and the long service life. Of course, when the third telescopic parts 14 are set to multiple, it is preferred to use an even number, and the even number of third telescopic parts 14 are divided into two groups, and the two groups of third telescopic parts 14 are symmetrically arranged about the third guide mechanism 15. Of course, whether it is an even number of third telescopic parts 14 or an even group of third telescopic parts 14, it is also possible not to adopt a symmetrical arrangement.

[0060] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred implementation mode of the tunnel boring machine shield, the two ends of the top shield 1 are respectively hinged with a side shield 7, and the side shields 7 on both sides are respectively overlapped with the two ends of the bottom shield 16 through the overlap structure.

[0061] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred implementation of the tunnel boring machine shield, the overlapping structure includes an overlapping groove 17 provided at the end of the side shield 7, and an overlapping block 18 matched with the overlapping groove 17 is provided at the end of the bottom shield 18. Alternatively, the overlapping groove 17 is provided at the end of the bottom shield 18, and the overlapping block 17 is provided at the end of the side shield 7.

[0062] Preferably, the overlapping groove 17 is arranged at the upper corner of the end of the side shield 7 and is arranged along the vertical direction, and the overlapping block 17 is arranged at the upper corner of the end of the bottom shield 18 and is arranged along the vertical direction.

[0063] When the shield body is supported and stabilized, the top shield 1 and the side shield 7 move radially under the action of the first telescopic member 5 and the third telescopic member 14. The overlap block 18 can limit the stroke of the third telescopic member 14 to prevent damage to the third telescopic member 14. The structural design of the overlap block 18 and the overlap groove 17 can also prevent large pieces of debris from entering the inside of the shield body.

[0064] Preferably, the telescopic member is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

[0065] A tunnel boring machine shield, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a top shield 1, a side shield 7 and a bottom shield 16. One end of the side shield 7 is hinged to the top shield 1. The top shield 1 is connected to the head frame 6 through the first guide mechanism 4 and the first telescopic member 5. The head frame 6 supports the cutter disc. The side shield 7 is connected to the head frame 6 through the second guide mechanism 11 and the second telescopic member 10. The bottom shield 16 is connected to the head frame 6 through the third guide structure 15 and the third telescopic member 14. The first guide mechanism 4 and the first telescopic member 5 are vertically connected between the top shield 1 and the head frame 6. The first telescopic member 5 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first guide mechanism 4 and is located between the first guide mechanism 4 and the second guide mechanism 11. The side shield 7 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the head frame 6 through the second guide mechanism 11 and the second telescopic member 10, and the second guide mechanism 11 and the second telescopic member 10 are connected between the side shield 7 and the head frame 6 at a certain angle. The bottom shield 16 is connected to the head frame 6 through the third guide mechanism 15 and the third telescopic member 14. The third guide structure 15 and the third telescopic member 14 are vertically connected between the bottom shield 16 and the head frame 6. The third telescopic member 14 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the third guide mechanism 15 and is located between the second guide mechanism 11 and the third guide mechanism 15. The bottom shield 16 is vertically arranged directly below the head frame 6. Overlap blocks 18 are arranged on both sides of the bottom shield 16, and an overlap groove 17 is arranged on one side of the side shield 7. When the second telescopic member 10 of the side shield 7 swings to a certain angle, the overlap block 18 limits the travel of the second telescopic member 10. The design of the overlap block 18 and the overlap groove 17 prevents large pieces of debris from entering the shield body.

[0066] Specifically, the top shield 1, the side shield 7 and the bottom shield 16 cooperate to form a full-circle support to improve the support stability and safety. One end of the side shield 7 is hinged to the top shield 1, and the top shield 1, the side shield 7 and the bottom shield 16 are tightly supported on the cave wall to provide support for bearing the excavation thrust.

[0067] The first guide structure 4 includes an outer box body 3 fixed on the inner wall of the top shield 1 and an inner box body 2 fixed on the head frame 6. The inner box body 2 slides in the outer box body 3. Under the action of the first telescopic member 5, the telescopic radius of the top shield 1 is adjusted, so that the top shield 1 is tightened on the cave wall to improve the supporting stability. The first telescopic member 5 adopts a telescopic cylinder.

[0068] The second guiding mechanism 11 includes an outer box body 9 fixed on the inner wall of the side shield 7 and an inner box body 8 fixed on the head frame 6. The inner box body 8 slides in the outer box body 9. After the first telescopic member 5 performs radial movement, the side shield 7 swings around the pin shaft under the movement of the top shield 1, and then the telescopic movement of the second telescopic member 10 is controlled to cooperate, so that the side shield 7 is close to the hole wall for stable support, so as to control the change of the support radius of the entire top shield 1 and the side shield 7. The second telescopic member 10 adopts a telescopic cylinder.

[0069] The third guiding mechanism 15 includes an outer box 13 fixed on the inner wall of the bottom shield 16 and an inner box 12 fixed on the head frame 6. The inner box 12 slides in the outer box 13. Under the action of the third telescopic member 14, the head frame 6 plus the top shield 1 and the side shield 7 can drive the cutter head to move up and down radially as a whole, so as to complete the expansion of the cave wall and a larger range of support. The third telescopic member 14 adopts a telescopic cylinder.

[0070] During normal excavation support, the end faces of the inner box and the outer box cooperate, overlapping blocks 18 are provided on both sides of the bottom shield 16, and overlapping grooves 17 are provided on one side of the side shield 7. When the shield body is supported and stabilized, the top shield and the side shield move radially under the action of the telescopic parts 5 and 10. The overlapping blocks 18 can limit the stroke of the telescopic parts 10 to prevent damage to the telescopic parts 10. The structural design of the overlapping blocks 18 and the overlapping grooves 17 can also prevent large pieces of debris from entering the inside of the shield body.

[0071] When expanding and supporting, the telescopic member 14 is vertically extended and retracted in the radial direction, and the center of the cutter head is expanded and excavated up and down under the drive of the head frame 6. The top shield 1 and the side shield 7 are supported by the first telescopic member 5 and the second telescopic member 10 to support the cave wall stably.

[0072] All the shields mentioned above fit tightly and perfectly with the cave wall after adjustment to ensure support stability.

[0073] The parts not described in detail in the present invention are all conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0074] The above content shows and describes the basic principle, main features and beneficial effects of the utility model. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel boring machine shield, characterized in that: It comprises a top shield (1), a side shield (7) and a bottom shield (16) which are respectively connected to a head frame (6) via a guide mechanism and a telescopic member, wherein one end of the side shield (7) is hinged to the top shield (1), and an overlap structure is provided between the other end and the end of the bottom shield (16).

2. The tunnel boring machine shield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide mechanism comprises a first guide mechanism (4) connected between the top shield (1) and the head frame (6), the first guide mechanism (4) comprising a first outer box (3) and a first inner box (2) which are plug-fitted together, the first outer box (3) and the first inner box (2) being connected to the top shield (1) and the head frame (6) respectively.

3. The tunnel boring machine shield according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic member comprises a first telescopic member (5) connected between the top shield (1) and the head frame (6), and at least two first telescopic members (5) are provided and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first guide mechanism (4).

4. The tunnel boring machine shield according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The guide mechanism comprises a second guide mechanism (11) connected between the side shield (7) and the head frame (6), the second guide mechanism (11) comprises a second outer box (9) and a second inner box (8) which are plug-fitted together, the second outer box (9) and the second inner box (8) being connected to the side shield (7) and the head frame (6) respectively.

5. The tunnel boring machine shield according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic member comprises a second telescopic member (10) connected between the side shield (7) and the head frame (6); when the second telescopic member (10) is provided as one, the second telescopic member (10) is connected to one end of the side shield (7) close to the bottom shield (16).

6. The tunnel boring machine shield according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5, characterized in that: The guide mechanism comprises a third guide mechanism (15) connected between the bottom shield (16) and the head frame (6); the third guide mechanism (15) comprises a third outer box (13) and a third inner box (12) which are plug-fitted together; the third outer box (13) and the third inner box (12) are respectively connected to the bottom shield (16) and the head frame (6).

7. The tunnel boring machine shield according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic member comprises a third telescopic member (14) connected between the bottom shield (16) and the head frame (6), and at least two third telescopic members (14) are provided and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the third guide mechanism (15).

8. The tunnel boring machine shield according to any one of claims 1-3, 5 and 7, characterized in that: The two ends of the top shield (1) are respectively hinged with a side shield (7), and the side shields (7) on both sides are overlapped with the two ends of the bottom shield (16) via the overlap structure.

9. The tunnel boring machine shield according to claim 8, characterized in that: The overlapping structure comprises an overlapping groove (17) provided at the end of the side shield (7), and an overlapping block (18) cooperating with the overlapping groove (17) is provided at the end of the bottom shield (16); or the overlapping groove (17) is provided at the end of the bottom shield (16), and the overlapping block (18) is provided at the end of the side shield (7).

10. The tunnel boring machine shield according to any one of claims 1-3, 5, 7, and 9, characterized in that: The telescopic member is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

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