Wide-beam directional antenna and communication equipment
By setting up a feed structure and an electric dipole arm on the dielectric plate and modifying the feed arm structure to use it as an electric dipole, the directional wide beam of the single-layer structure is realized, solving the complexity and processing of the existing antenna structure The difficulty problem increases the beam width.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420288042.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-07
AI Technical Summary
The existing wide-beam directional antenna has complex structures, high processing difficulty, and it is difficult to realize a single-layer structure of directional wide beams.
在介质板上设有馈电结构和相对设置的第一电偶极子臂和第二电偶极子臂，通过修改馈电臂结构，将馈电臂作为电偶极子，实现单层结构的定向宽波束。
The antenna configuration is optimized, the processing difficulty is reduced, and the beam width is larger than the original technical route in the 5.2G and 5.8G bands.
Smart Images
Figure CN222463423U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a wide-beam directional antenna and communication equipment. Background Art
[0002] There are a lot of design cases of wide beam directional antenna in academia. For example, a planar end-fire antenna based on the principle of electromagnetic complementary antenna is Figure 1 As shown. The antenna is configured as a double-layer board. Its actual operation must rely on the coupling between the top layer patch and the floor, and its structure is relatively complex. The Alford ring produces equivalent magnetic dipole radiation, and the floor loaded with radial slots produces equivalent electric dipole radiation. The combination of electric dipole and magnetic dipole produces an end-fire pattern with a high front-to-back ratio. The reason why the radial slot floor loaded here can produce an equivalent electric dipole radiation pattern is because it is affected by the coupling of the Alford ring. When the top layer is replaced with other patch forms, the bottom layer cannot excite the electric dipole radiation mode. The two are complementary. Utility Model Content
[0003] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a wide-beam directional antenna, aiming at optimizing the antenna configuration.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the wide beam directional antenna proposed in the utility model comprises:
[0005] A dielectric plate, on which a feeding structure and a first electric dipole arm and a second electric dipole arm arranged opposite to each other are provided, wherein the first electric dipole arm and the second electric dipole arm are electrically connected to the feeding structure;
[0006] A first extension portion is convexly provided at one end of the first electric dipole arm close to the second electric dipole arm, a first arc-shaped radiation arm is provided at the end of the first extension portion, and a second arc-shaped radiation arm is provided at the other end of the first electric dipole arm;
[0007] A second extension portion is protruded from one end of the second electric dipole arm close to the first electric dipole arm, a third arc-shaped radiation arm is disposed at the end of the second extension portion, and a fourth arc-shaped radiation arm is disposed at the other end of the second electric dipole arm.
[0008] In one embodiment, the medium plate is further provided with:
[0009] A first reflection patch, wherein the first reflection patch is arranged on a side area of the other end of the first electric dipole arm;
[0010] A second reflection patch, wherein the second reflection patch is arranged on a side area of the other end of the second electric dipole arm.
[0011] In one embodiment, at least one coupling patch is further provided on the dielectric plate, and the coupling patch is arranged in a region enclosed by the first electric dipole arm, the second electric dipole arm, the second arc-shaped radiation arm, and the fourth arc-shaped radiation arm.
[0012] In one embodiment, currents flowing in the first extension portion and the second extension portion flow in opposite directions.
[0013] In one embodiment, the currents on the first arc-shaped radiation arm, the second arc-shaped radiation arm, the third arc-shaped radiation arm, and the fourth arc-shaped radiation arm have the same flow direction, which is clockwise or counterclockwise.
[0014] In one embodiment, the feeding structure comprises: a first feeding point and a second feeding point, wherein the first feeding point and the second feeding point are electrically connected to the first electric dipole arm and the second electric dipole arm respectively.
[0015] In one embodiment, a first slot and a second slot are provided on the dielectric plate, the first slot is located on a side area of the first reflection patch away from the first electric dipole arm, the second slot is located on a side area of the second reflection patch away from the second electric dipole arm, the openings of the first slot and the second slot are located on the edge of the length direction of the dielectric plate, and the first slot and the second slot extend along the width direction of the dielectric plate.
[0016] In one embodiment, the dielectric board is an FR4 organic dielectric board.
[0017] The utility model also provides a communication device, which comprises the above-mentioned wide-beam directional antenna.
[0018] The technical solution of the utility model adopts a feeding structure and a first dipole and a second dipole arranged opposite to each other on a dielectric plate. A first extension portion is protrudingly provided at one end of the first electric dipole, a first arc-shaped radiating arm is provided at the end of the first extension portion, and a second arc-shaped radiating arm is provided at the other end of the first electric dipole arm. A second extension portion is protrudingly provided at one end of the second electric dipole arm, a third arc-shaped radiating arm is provided at the end of the second extension portion, and a fourth arc-shaped radiating arm is provided at the other end of the second electric dipole arm. On the basis of the Alford ring, the structure of the feeding arm is cleverly modified, and the feeding arm is used as an electric dipole. Only a single-layer structure is required to achieve a directional wide beam, which optimizes the antenna configuration and greatly reduces the difficulty of processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a planar end-fire antenna in the prior art;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a wide beam directional antenna of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 Simulate the 5.2G and 5.8G normalized radiation patterns on the phi=0° plane for the wide beam directional antenna of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 4 Simulate the 5.2G and 5.8G normalized radiation patterns of the wide beam directional antenna of the utility model on the phi=90° plane;
[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the simulated azimuth of the wide-beam directional antenna of the utility model.
[0025] Description of Figure Numbers:
[0026] Label name Label name 1 Dielectric board 11 First slot 12 Second slot 2 Feed structure 21 First feeding point 22 Second feeding point 3 First electric dipole arm 31 The first extension 32 The first arc radiating arm 33 The second arc radiating arm 4 Second electric dipole arm 41 Second extension 42 The third arc radiating arm 43 Fourth arc radiating arm 5 First reflective patch 6 Second reflective patch 7 Coupling patch
[0027] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the utility model will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0029] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.
[0030] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present utility model are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.
[0031] Reference Figures 2 to 5 The utility model proposes a wide beam directional antenna comprising: a dielectric plate 1, on which a feeding structure 2 and a first electric dipole arm 3 and a second electric dipole arm 4 are arranged opposite to each other. The first electric dipole arm 3 and the second electric dipole arm 4 are arranged horizontally on the dielectric plate 1. The first electric dipole arm 3 and the second electric dipole arm 4 are electrically connected to the feeding structure 2.
[0032] The first electric dipole arm 3 has a first extension portion 31 protruding from one end close to the second electric dipole arm 41, a first arc-shaped radiating arm 32 is provided at the end of the first extension portion 31, and a second arc-shaped radiating arm 33 is provided at the other end of the first electric dipole arm 3. The second electric dipole arm 4 has a second extension portion 41 protruding from one end close to the first electric dipole arm 31, a third arc-shaped radiating arm 42 is provided at the end of the second extension portion 41, and a fourth arc-shaped radiating arm 43 is provided at the other end of the second electric dipole arm 4.
[0033] In this embodiment, the feeding structure 2 includes a first feeding point 21 and a second feeding point 22, and the first feeding point 21 and the second feeding point 22 are respectively electrically connected to the first electric dipole arm 3 and the second electric dipole arm 4. The first electric dipole arm 3, the first arc-shaped radiation arm 32 and the second arc-shaped radiation arm 33 are fed by the first feeding point 21. The second electric dipole arm 4, the third arc-shaped radiation arm 42 and the fourth arc-shaped radiation arm 43 are fed by the second feeding point 22. Specifically, the dielectric board 1 is an FR4 organic dielectric board.
[0034] See also Figures 2 to 5When the antenna is working, the first electric dipole arm 3 and the second electric dipole arm 4 are a normally functioning electric dipole. The currents on the first extension portion 31 and the second extension portion 41 flow in opposite directions, canceling out the far-field radiation. The currents on the first arc-shaped radiation arm 32, the second arc-shaped radiation arm 33, the third arc-shaped radiation arm 42, and the fourth arc-shaped radiation arm 43 flow in the same direction, all clockwise or all counterclockwise, forming a ring current, which is equivalent to a magnetic current. At this time, the current direction is horizontal, and the magnetic current direction is perpendicular to the paper, and the two are orthogonal, exciting a wide-beam directional pattern.
[0035] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The solid line in the middle represents 5.2G, and the dotted line represents 5.8G. At 5.2G, the simulated 3dB beamwidth of a single antenna reached 137.7°@phi=0° and 190.63°@phi=90°, and at 5.8G, it reached 224.05°@phi=0° and 254.06°@phi=90°, and the half-power beamwidth was greatly improved compared with the original technical route.
[0036] The technical solution of the utility model cleverly modifies the feed arm structure on the basis of the Alford ring, uses the feed arm as an electric dipole, and can realize a directional wide beam with only a single-layer structure, thereby optimizing the antenna configuration and greatly reducing the difficulty of processing.
[0037] Since the first electric dipole arm 3 and the second electric dipole arm 4 are linear antennas, the aperture efficiency of the linear antenna is greater than 1. By loading reflective patches on both sides, the aperture efficiency can be reduced, thereby reducing the maximum radiation direction gain. Under the same radiation efficiency, the input power is the same and the output power is also the same. At this time, if the maximum radiation direction gain is reduced, the beam width is widened.
[0038] In one embodiment, the dielectric plate 1 is further provided with a first reflection patch 5 and a second reflection patch 6. The first reflection patch 5 is arranged on a side area of the other end of the first electric dipole arm 3; the second reflection patch 6 is arranged on a side area of the other end of the second electric dipole arm 4.
[0039] In this embodiment, by adding the first reflection patch 5 to an area on one side of the other end of the first electric dipole arm 3, and pasting the second reflection patch 6 to an area on one side of the other end of the second electric dipole arm 4, the radiation aperture efficiency is reduced by the first reflection patch 5 and the second reflection patch 6, and the beam width is further widened.
[0040] See also Figure 1In one embodiment, at least one coupling patch 7 is further provided on the dielectric plate 1, and the coupling patch 7 is arranged in the area surrounded by the first electric dipole arm 3, the second electric dipole arm 4, the second arc-shaped radiation arm 33 and the fourth arc-shaped radiation arm 43. The coupling patch 7 is a capacitive loading patch, and the effect of optimizing the standing wave can be achieved by adjusting the width, spacing and number of the coupling patch 7.
[0041] See also Figure 1 In order to facilitate subsequent assembly, in some embodiments of the present application, the dielectric plate is provided with a first slot 11 and a second slot 12, the first slot 11 is located on a side area of the first reflection patch 5 away from the first electric dipole arm 3, the first slot 12 is located on a side area of the second reflection patch 6 away from the second electric dipole arm 4, the openings of the first slot 11 and the second slot 12 are located at the edge of the length direction of the dielectric plate, and the first slot 11 and the second slot 12 extend along the width direction of the dielectric plate 1. The first slot 11 and the second slot 12 are used to snap on the snap-on portion on the antenna housing, thereby fixing the first dielectric plate.
[0042] The technical solution of the utility model adopts a feeding structure 2 and a first dipole and a second dipole arranged oppositely on a dielectric plate 1. A first extension portion 31 is protrudingly provided at one end of the first electric dipole, a first arc-shaped radiation arm 32 is provided at the end of the first extension portion 31, and a second arc-shaped radiation arm 33 is provided at the other end of the first electric dipole arm 3. A second extension portion 41 is protrudingly provided at one end of the second electric dipole arm 4, a third arc-shaped radiation arm 42 is provided at the end of the second extension portion 41, and a fourth arc-shaped radiation arm 43 is provided at the other end of the second electric dipole arm 4. On the basis of the Alford ring, the structure of the feeding arm is cleverly modified, and the feeding arm is used as an electric dipole. Only a single-layer structure is required to achieve a directional wide beam, which optimizes the antenna configuration and greatly reduces the difficulty of processing. By adding the first reflection patch 5 to the area on one side of the other end of the first electric dipole arm 3, and pasting the second reflection patch 6 to the area on one side of the other end of the second electric dipole arm 4, the radiation aperture efficiency is reduced by the first reflection patch 5 and the second reflection patch 6, and the beam width is further widened. The coupling patch 7 is set in the area surrounded by the first electric dipole arm 3, the second electric dipole arm 4, the second arc-shaped radiation arm 33 and the fourth arc-shaped radiation arm 43, and the effect of optimizing the standing wave can be achieved by adjusting the width, spacing and number of the coupling patch 7.
[0043] The utility model also provides a communication device, which comprises the above-mentioned wide-beam directional antenna.
[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A wide beam directional antenna, characterized in that: include: A dielectric plate, on which a feeding structure and a first electric dipole arm and a second electric dipole arm arranged opposite to each other are provided, wherein the first electric dipole arm and the second electric dipole arm are electrically connected to the feeding structure; A first extension portion is convexly provided at one end of the first electric dipole arm close to the second electric dipole arm, a first arc-shaped radiation arm is provided at the end of the first extension portion, and a second arc-shaped radiation arm is provided at the other end of the first electric dipole arm; A second extension portion is protruded from one end of the second electric dipole arm close to the first electric dipole arm, a third arc-shaped radiation arm is disposed at the end of the second extension portion, and a fourth arc-shaped radiation arm is disposed at the other end of the second electric dipole arm.
2. The wide beam directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium board is also provided with: A first reflection patch, wherein the first reflection patch is arranged on a side area of the other end of the first electric dipole arm; A second reflection patch, wherein the second reflection patch is arranged on a side area of the other end of the second electric dipole arm.
3. The wide beam directional antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one coupling patch is also disposed on the dielectric plate, and the coupling patch is disposed in a region enclosed by the first electric dipole arm, the second electric dipole arm, the second arc-shaped radiation arm, and the fourth arc-shaped radiation arm.
4. The wide beam directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The currents on the first extension portion and the second extension portion flow in opposite directions.
5. The wide beam directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The currents on the first arc-shaped radiation arm, the second arc-shaped radiation arm, the third arc-shaped radiation arm and the fourth arc-shaped radiation arm flow in the same direction, which is clockwise or counterclockwise.
6. The wide beam directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding structure comprises: a first feeding point and a second feeding point, wherein the first feeding point and the second feeding point are electrically connected to the first electric dipole arm and the second electric dipole arm respectively.
7. The wide beam directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric plate is provided with a first slot and a second slot, the first slot is located on a side area of the first reflection patch away from the first electric dipole arm, the second slot is located on a side area of the second reflection patch away from the second electric dipole arm, the openings of the first slot and the second slot are located on the edge in the length direction of the dielectric plate, and the first slot and the second slot extend along the width direction of the dielectric plate.
8. The wide beam directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric board is an FR4 organic dielectric board.
9. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises the wide beam directional antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8.