Use system for preheating by using hydrogen cyanide
By setting up a heat exchanger during the hydrogen cyanide production process, the heat of the hydrogen cyanide gas after the reaction is used to preheat the raw materials, the problem of thermal energy not being effectively utilized after the raw material gasification reaction is solved, the energy utilization rate is improved and the energy utilization is reduced energy consumption.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420918360.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-29
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, a large amount of heat energy present after the gasification reaction of raw materials during hydrogen cyanide production cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in an increase in energy consumption.
A system for preheating using hydrogen cyanide is designed, and a heat exchanger is provided at the input port of the gasification tower to heat exchange materials before gasification with the reacted hydrogen cyanide gas to achieve preheating of raw materials.
The heat in the high-temperature hydrogen cyanide gas after the reaction is effectively utilized to heat the raw materials, which improves the energy utilization rate in the hydrogen cyanide production process and reduces energy consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN222468999U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical production equipment, in particular to a system for preheating using hydrogen cyanide. Background Art
[0002] Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is an inorganic compound that is in liquid state in standard state. Hydrogen cyanide is widely used in the electroplating industry (copper plating, gold plating, silver plating), mining industry (extraction of gold and silver) and the manufacturing of various resin monomers (such as acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, etc.) in the industrial field. It is an important chemical raw material. Among them, the main synthesis methods of hydrogen cyanide include: acrylonitrile by-product method, natural gas ammonia oxidation method, light oil cracking method, methanol ammonia oxidation method, formamide dehydration method, etc. Among them, when synthesizing hydrogen cyanide by methanol ammonia oxidation method, liquid methanol and gaseous air, ammonia and nitrogen are mainly transported to the gasifier for mixing, heating and gasification, and then the gas after the gasification reaction is transported to the reactor for reaction, and then transported to the cooling tower for cooling.
[0003] When raw materials such as methanol, air, ammonia and nitrogen are mixed and reacted, the raw materials need to be heated to a relatively high temperature for reaction. In the prior art, after the raw materials have completed the reaction, the gas after the gasification reaction at high temperature is directly transported to a quenching tower for cooling, and then the gas after the reaction is subjected to processing operations such as absorption and rectification. As a result, a large amount of heat energy in the raw materials after the gasification reaction cannot be effectively utilized, so that the energy in the production process of hydrogen cyanide is wasted, resulting in increased energy consumption in the production process of hydrogen cyanide. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a system for preheating hydrogen cyanide to solve the technical problem in the prior art that a large amount of heat energy in the raw materials after gasification reaction processing cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in increased energy consumption in the hydrogen cyanide production process.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a system for preheating with hydrogen cyanide, comprising a gasifier and a reactor, wherein the gasifier and the reactor are arranged in parallel along a feeding direction, the gasifier is used to heat and gasify raw materials, and the reactor is used to react the raw materials gasified by the gasifier to synthesize hydrogen cyanide; and further comprising a heat exchanger, wherein a heat exchange chamber is provided in the heat exchanger, one end of the heat exchange chamber is connected to a feed pipe, and the other end is connected to an input port of the gasifier; a heat exchange tube is provided in the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange tube runs through the heat exchange chamber along a feeding direction, the heat exchange tube is located at one end of the heat exchanger close to the gasifier and is connected to an output port of the reactor, and the heat exchange tube is used to preheat the raw materials in the heat exchange chamber by hydrogen cyanide output by the reactor.
[0006] The principles and advantages of this scheme are as follows: in the process of producing hydrogen cyanide, the raw materials in the process of producing hydrogen cyanide are transported to the heat exchange chamber, the raw materials exchange heat with the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange chamber, and the raw materials are preheated by the heat energy in the heat exchange tubes. The preheated gas raw materials are transported to the gasification tower for mixing, heating and gasification, and the gasified gas is transported to the reactor for reaction to synthesize hydrogen cyanide. The reactor transports the synthesized gas containing hydrogen cyanide to the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tower through pipelines to preheat the raw materials, and then transports them to the next processing step.
[0007] In this scheme, a heat exchanger is arranged at the input port of the gasification tower to exchange heat between the material before gasification and the hydrogen cyanide gas after the reaction, so that the heat in the high-temperature hydrogen cyanide gas after the reaction can heat the raw material, so that the raw material can be preheated before being transported to the gasification tower for gasification processing, thereby avoiding the temperature of the raw material input to the gasification tower being too low, resulting in excessive energy consumption when the gasification tower heats and gasifies the raw material; improving the energy utilization rate in the hydrogen cyanide production process and reducing the energy consumption in the hydrogen cyanide production process.
[0008] Preferably, as an improvement, the heat exchange chamber includes a first heat exchange chamber and a second heat exchange chamber which are arranged in parallel along the feeding direction, the first heat exchange chamber is located at one end of the heat exchanger close to the gasifier, the first heat exchange chamber is used to heat the gas raw material, and the second heat exchange chamber is used to heat the liquid raw material. The first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber are arranged in the heat exchanger to perform heat exchange processing on the gas and liquid raw materials respectively, so as to avoid the formation of gas cavities between the liquid raw material and the heat exchange tube after the gas and liquid raw materials are mixed, resulting in a decrease in the heat transfer efficiency between the raw material and the heat exchange tube, thereby affecting the preheating effect of the raw material.
[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the side walls of the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber are respectively provided with a feed port and a discharge port, the feed port is located at the bottom of one end of the first heat exchange chamber or the second heat exchange chamber, and the discharge port is located at the top of the first heat exchange chamber or the second heat exchange chamber away from the feed port. This makes the distance between the discharge port and the feed port larger, ensuring that both the gas and the liquid have sufficient preheating time in the heat exchange chamber, thereby ensuring the preheating effect of the raw materials.
[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, the area of the heat exchange tube located in the heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat exchange sub-tubes, the two ends of the plurality of heat exchange sub-tubes respectively extend along the two ends of the feeding direction of the heat exchanger, and the two ends of the plurality of heat exchange sub-tubes are respectively connected to the heat exchange tubes at the two ends of the heat exchanger, so that the surface area of the heat exchange tube can be increased, so that the raw materials in the heat exchange cavity can fully contact with the surface of the heat exchange tube for heat exchange, thereby ensuring the heat exchange effect of the raw materials.
[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, a control valve is provided at one end of the heat exchange tube away from the reactor, and the control valve is used to adjust the conveying speed of hydrogen cyanide in the heat exchange tube. When hydrogen cyanide passes through the heat exchange tube, the flow speed and pressure can be adjusted under the action of the control valve, so as to avoid excessive flow speed of hydrogen cyanide, resulting in too short residence time of hydrogen cyanide in the heat exchange tube, which affects the heat exchange effect between hydrogen cyanide and raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen cyanide preheating system in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchanger in the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:
[0015] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: gasifier 1, reactor 2, quench tower 3, heat exchanger 4, first heat exchange chamber 401, second heat exchange chamber 402, feed inlet 403, discharge port 404, heat exchange tube 405, heat exchange sub-tube 406, control valve 407.
[0016] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a system for preheating using hydrogen cyanide includes a gasifier 1 and a reactor 2. The gasifier 1 and the reactor 2 are arranged in parallel along the feeding direction. The gasifier 1 is used to heat and gasify the raw materials, and the reactor 2 is used to react the raw materials gasified by the gasifier 1 to synthesize hydrogen cyanide.
[0017] The input port on the gasifier 1 is connected to the feed pipe, and the output port of the gasifier 1 is connected to the input port of the reactor 2 through a pipeline; the output port of the reactor 2 is connected to the quenching tower 3 through a pipeline, and the quenching tower 3 is used to quench the gas after the reaction. Preferably, in this embodiment, the gasifier 1 uses a tubular gasifier 1, and the reactor 2 uses a tube-in-tube fixed bed reactor 2; the specific structures and operation processes of the gasifier 1, the reactor 2 and the quenching tower 3 are all existing technologies and will not be repeated here.
[0018] A heat exchanger 4 is provided at one end of the feed pipe close to the gasifier 1. Figure 2As shown, a first heat exchange chamber 401 and a second heat exchange chamber 402 are provided in the heat exchanger 4, and the first heat exchange chamber 401 and the second heat exchange chamber 402 are distributed in parallel along the feeding direction. Specifically, the first heat exchange chamber 401 is located at one end of the heat exchanger 4 close to the gasifier 1, and the first heat exchange chamber 401 is used to heat the gas raw material. The second heat exchange chamber 402 is located at one end of the heat exchanger 4 away from the gasifier 1, and the second heat exchange chamber 402 is used to heat the liquid raw material. In this embodiment, the gas raw materials are air, ammonia and nitrogen, and the liquid raw material is methanol. During heat exchange, the gaseous and liquid raw materials can be preheated separately to ensure the preheating effect of the raw materials. During preheating, the gaseous raw material is preheated first and then the liquid raw material. Since the density of the gaseous raw material is much smaller than that of the liquid raw material, the heat absorbed during heat exchange is also less. Therefore, the gaseous raw material is preheated first and then the liquid raw material. This ensures that the gaseous raw material and the liquid raw material can use the same preheating material while ensuring the preheating effect of the gaseous raw material and the liquid raw material.
[0019] A feed port 403 and a discharge port 404 are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the first heat exchange chamber 401 and the second heat exchange chamber 402 on the heat exchanger 4. Both the feed port 403 and the discharge port 404 penetrate the side wall of the heat exchanger 4 and communicate with the corresponding heat exchange chambers, wherein the feed port 403 is located at the bottom of one end of the first heat exchange chamber 401 or the second heat exchange chamber 402, and the discharge port 404 is located at the top of the first heat exchange chamber 401 or the second heat exchange chamber 402 away from the feed port 403. The feed port 403 is communicated with the feed pipe, and the feed port 403 is used to transport raw materials into the heat exchange chamber; the discharge port 404 is communicated with the input port of the gasifier 1 through a pipeline, and the discharge port 404 is used to transport the raw materials after heat exchange in the heat exchanger 4 to the gasifier 1 for gasification. The distance between the discharge port 404 and the feed port 403 is made larger, so as to ensure that the gas and the liquid can have sufficient preheating time in the heat exchange chamber, thereby ensuring the preheating effect of the raw materials.
[0020] The heat exchanger 4 also includes a heat exchange tube 405, which runs through the first heat exchange cavity 401 and the second heat exchange cavity 402 along the feeding direction. One end of the heat exchange tube 405 close to the reactor 2 is connected to the output port of the reactor 2 through a pipeline, and the other end of the heat exchange tube 405 is connected to the input port of the quench tower 3 through a pipeline. The area where the heat exchange tube 405 is located in the heat exchanger 4 includes a plurality of heat exchange sub-tubes 406, which are parallel to each other. Specifically, the heat exchange sub-tubes 406 run through the first heat exchange cavity 401 and the second heat exchange cavity 402 along the feeding direction. The two ends of the plurality of heat exchange sub-tubes 406 extend to the two ends of the feeding direction of the heat exchanger 4 respectively, and the two ends of the plurality of heat exchange sub-tubes 406 intersect with each other and communicate with the heat exchange tube 405. This increases the surface area of the heat exchange tube 405, so that the raw materials in the heat exchange cavity can fully contact the surface of the heat exchange tube 405 for heat exchange, thereby ensuring the heat exchange effect of the raw materials.
[0021] A control valve 407 is provided at one end of the heat exchange tube 405 away from the reactor 2, and the control valve 407 is used to adjust the conveying speed and pressure of hydrogen cyanide in the heat exchange tube 405. When hydrogen cyanide passes through the heat exchange tube 405, the flow speed and pressure can be adjusted under the action of the control valve 407, so as to avoid excessive flow speed of hydrogen cyanide, which results in too short residence time of hydrogen cyanide in the heat exchange tube 405, and affects the heat exchange effect between hydrogen cyanide and raw materials.
[0022] The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0023] In the process of producing hydrogen cyanide, the gas raw materials of air, nitrogen and ammonia in the process of producing hydrogen cyanide are transported to the first heat exchange chamber 401, and the liquid raw material of methanol in the process of producing hydrogen cyanide is transported to the second heat exchange chamber 402. The gas raw materials and the liquid raw materials are respectively heat exchanged with the heat exchange tube 405 in the first heat exchange chamber 401 or the second heat exchange chamber 402 to complete the preheating of the raw materials. The preheated liquid raw materials and gas raw materials are transported to the gasification tower for mixing, heating and gasification. The gasified gas is transported to the reactor 2 for reaction to synthesize hydrogen cyanide. The reactor 2 transports the synthesized gas containing hydrogen cyanide to the heat exchange tube 405 of the heat exchange tower through a pipeline to preheat the raw materials, and then transports it to the quenching tower 3 for cooling and the next processing step.
[0024] Compared with the prior art, in this solution, a heat exchanger 4 is arranged at the input port of the gasification tower to exchange heat between the material before gasification and the hydrogen cyanide gas after reaction, so that the heat in the high-temperature hydrogen cyanide gas after reaction can heat the raw material, so that the raw material can be preheated before being transported to the gasification tower for gasification, avoiding the temperature of the raw material input to the gasification tower being too low, resulting in excessive energy consumption when the gasification tower heats and gasifies the raw material; and the hydrogen cyanide gas can be cooled by the raw material before being transported to the quenching tower 3, reducing the cooling pressure of the quenching tower 3 on the hydrogen cyanide gas, and reducing the energy consumption in the hydrogen cyanide production process. In addition, in this solution, a first heat exchange chamber 401 and a second heat exchange chamber 402 are arranged in the heat exchanger 4 to perform heat exchange processing on the gaseous and liquid raw materials respectively, avoiding the gas cavity between the liquid raw material and the heat exchange tube 405 after the gas and liquid raw materials are mixed, resulting in a decrease in the heat transfer efficiency between the raw material and the heat exchange tube 405, affecting the preheating effect of the raw material.
[0025] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution are not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A system for preheating using hydrogen cyanide, characterized in that: It includes a gasifier and a reactor, the gasifier and the reactor are arranged in parallel along the feeding direction, the gasifier is used to heat and gasify the raw materials, and the reactor is used to react the raw materials gasified by the gasifier to synthesize hydrogen cyanide; it also includes a heat exchanger, a heat exchange chamber is provided in the heat exchanger, one end of the heat exchange chamber is connected to the feed pipe, and the other end is connected to the input port of the gasifier; the heat exchanger is provided with a heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube runs through the heat exchange chamber along the feeding direction, the heat exchange tube is located at one end of the heat exchanger close to the gasifier and is connected to the output port of the reactor, and the heat exchange tube is used to preheat the raw materials in the heat exchange chamber by the hydrogen cyanide output by the reactor.
2. A system for preheating with hydrogen cyanide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange chamber includes a first heat exchange chamber and a second heat exchange chamber which are distributed in parallel along the feeding direction. The first heat exchange chamber is located at one end of the heat exchanger close to the gasifier. The first heat exchange chamber is used to heat the gas raw material, and the second heat exchange chamber is used to heat the liquid raw material.
3. A system for preheating with hydrogen cyanide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side walls of the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber are respectively provided with a feed port and a discharge port. The feed port is located at the bottom of one end of the first heat exchange chamber or the second heat exchange chamber, and the discharge port is located at the top of the first heat exchange chamber or the second heat exchange chamber away from the feed port.
4. A system for preheating with hydrogen cyanide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area where the heat exchange tube is located in the heat exchanger includes multiple heat exchange sub-tubes, and the two ends of the multiple heat exchange sub-tubes extend along the two ends of the feeding direction of the heat exchanger respectively, and the two ends of the multiple heat exchange sub-tubes are respectively connected to the heat exchange tubes at both ends of the heat exchanger.
5. A system for preheating with hydrogen cyanide according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control valve is provided at one end of the heat exchange tube away from the reactor, and the control valve is used to adjust the conveying speed of hydrogen cyanide in the heat exchange tube.