Locking mechanism, locking device and electric automobile

Abstract

The utility model provides a locking mechanism, locking device and electromobile, including at least one lock base, locking linkage portion and at least two elastic member, the lock base is provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening is used for the locking member installed in the battery pack to enter the cavity; the locking linkage part moves relative to the lock base to open or close the opening so as to change between an unlocking state and a locking state; the at least two elastic pieces are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the locking linkage part, the two ends of each elastic piece are connected to the locking linkage part and the lock base respectively, and the locking linkage part is driven by the elastic force of the elastic pieces to be switched from the unlocking state to the locking state. The stress balance of the two sides of the locking linkage part can be guaranteed, so that the locking linkage part cannot deviate towards one side in the resetting process under the action of the elastic force of the elastic piece, and the stability of the locking linkage part when the locking linkage part is switched to the locking state is guaranteed; and on the other hand, damage caused by collision between the locking linkage part and the lock base can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a locking mechanism, a locking device and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, new energy vehicles have developed rapidly. Electric vehicles that rely on batteries as driving energy have the advantages of zero emissions and low noise. As the market share and usage frequency of electric vehicles are increasing, electric commercial vehicles among electric vehicles, such as electric heavy trucks and electric light trucks, are also beginning to appear in their respective application scenarios.

[0003] In the prior art, the elastic reset member used to reset the locking mechanism from the unlocked state to the locked state is usually only provided on one side of the locking mechanism. This causes the reset force to act on only one side, which also results in poor balance on both sides during reset, and is prone to unexpected situations such as interference and collision. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and to provide a locking mechanism, a locking device and an electric vehicle.

[0005] The utility model solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A locking mechanism, comprising:

[0007] at least one lock base, the lock base having an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening being used for a locking member installed on the battery pack to enter the cavity;

[0008] a locking linkage portion, the locking linkage portion moving relative to the lock base to open or close the opening to change between an unlocked state and a locked state;

[0009] At least two elastic members, at least two of the elastic members are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the locking linkage part, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the locking linkage part and the lock base, and the locking linkage part is driven to switch from the unlocking state to the locking state through the elastic force of the elastic member.

[0010] In this solution, by arranging an elastic member on the locking linkage part, when there is no external force acting on the locking linkage part, the locking linkage part can automatically return to the position in the locked state under the elastic force of the elastic member, without manual reset. On the other hand, the use of the elastic member can ensure that the locking linkage part is always in a state of closing the opening in the absence of external force, which can prevent the locking member of the battery pack from sliding off the opening, thereby improving stability. In particular, elastic members are arranged on both sides of the locking linkage part, and the elastic members on both sides are arranged symmetrically, which will help to ensure the force balance on both sides of the locking linkage part, so that the locking linkage part will not deviate to one side during the process of resetting under the elastic force of the elastic member, thereby ensuring the stability of the locking linkage part when switching from the unlocked state to the locked state; on the other hand, the locking linkage part will not deviate to one side, which can also prevent the locking linkage part from colliding with the lock base and causing damage. If the locking linkage part deviates to one side during the resetting process, the locking linkage part cannot be aligned with the cavity, which will also cause the locking linkage part to collide with the lock base.

[0011] Preferably, the locking linkage portion includes two side walls extending along the length direction of the lock base, and the elastic member is connected to the side walls.

[0012] In this solution, by adopting the above-mentioned structural form, the direction of the elastic force of the elastic member is more compatible with the moving direction of the locking linkage part, which will not interfere with the movement of the locking linkage part and is conducive to smoother resetting of the locking linkage part.

[0013] Preferably, the locking linkage portion comprises two symmetrically arranged rods, and the edges of the rods have flanges bent toward the outside.

[0014] In this solution, compared with the integral locking linkage part with a hollow center, the locking linkage part is configured as two rods assembled, which is convenient for setting a bent flange at the edge of the rod, which is beneficial to increase the overall structural strength of the locking linkage part. On the other hand, the structure assembled from two rods can also ensure light weight. That is, the locking linkage part can take into account both light weight and structural strength.

[0015] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises at least two lock bases, and at least two elastic members are symmetrically distributed between any two lock bases.

[0016] In the present scheme, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to rationally utilize the space between the two lock bases to set the elastic member, which on the one hand improves the space utilization rate, and on the other hand allows the elastic member to be located in a relatively middle position, further improving the stability of the resetting process of the locking linkage part; at the same time, it is also beneficial to improve the consistency of the overall moving trajectory of the locking linkage part, and to ensure that the opening and closing states of the openings of multiple lock bases are consistent.

[0017] Preferably, the locking linkage portion includes a lock tongue and a lock link, the lock tongue is located in the cavity, the lock tongue is connected to the lock link and can rotate relative to the lock base, and the lock link is used to drive the lock tongue to rotate under the action of external force to open or close the opening.

[0018] In this solution, the locking linkage part is configured as a lock tongue and a lock link having a transmission relationship. Compared with the integral locking linkage part, the locking linkage part is configured as a split part and has a transmission relationship. On the one hand, it is conducive to improving the setting flexibility of the locking linkage part, thereby making the position of the external force more diverse; on the other hand, it is conducive to increasing the maximum rotation angle of the lock tongue, so that the maximum rotation angle of the lock tongue can open or close the opening. In addition, the locking linkage part is configured to include a split lock tongue and a lock link. When there are two or more lock bases, the lock link can be connected to multiple lock tongues at the same time to enable multiple lock tongues to open the opening at the same time.

[0019] Preferably, an unlocking block is provided on one side of the lock link facing the lock base, the unlocking block is a protrusion formed outward from the lock link, and the unlocking block is for an unlocking device to abut against.

[0020] In this solution, an unlocking block is provided on the side of the lock link facing the lock base, that is, the unlocking block will be located close to the bottom of the lock base. This will be particularly suitable for the situation where the unlocking device is provided below the lock base. The distance between the unlocking device and the unlocking block can be made closer, which is beneficial to shorten the unlocking path of the unlocking device.

[0021] Preferably, the unlocking block has an abutment surface facing the unlocking device, and the abutment surface is used for the unlocking device to abut against and move along the abutment surface. When the unlocking device changes from abutting against one end of the abutment surface to abutting against the other end of the abutment surface, the lock link moves to drive the lock tongue to open the opening.

[0022] In this solution, when the unlocking device applies a force toward the abutting surface, the lock link can be displaced in the tangential direction of the rotation direction of the lock tongue during the sliding process of the unlocking device along the abutting surface, thereby driving the lock tongue to rotate to open or close the opening, making the unlocking process more reliable. In addition, the extension direction of the abutting surface is the same as the extension direction of the lock link. During the unlocking process, the unlocking device can move on the abutting surface without getting stuck at a certain position on the abutting surface, thereby improving the unlocking stability of the locking mechanism. At the same time, when the locking member of the battery pack moves along the cavity of the lock base, the top of the unlocking device can always be against the abutting surface, so that the lock tongue remains in an open state, avoiding unlocking errors.

[0023] Preferably, the abutting surface is in the shape of a plane, a concave square, a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism.

[0024] In this solution, the unlocking device applies force on the abutting surface and moves along the extension direction of the lock link on the horizontal plane without being stuck in a certain position. The unlocking stability is high, the abutting surface is a horizontal plane, and the fault tolerance is greater. In the case of alignment deviation of the unlocking device or a torsion angle, it can always remain in the abutting surface; at the same time, the structure is simple and easy to process. The abutting surface is a concave square, which can limit the unlocking device so that the unlocking device cannot be separated from the abutting surface during the unlocking process. The abutting surface is a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism, which can form an optimal unlocking line with the unlocking device and have appropriate fault tolerance, so that the unlocking device moves along the length direction of the lock link in the abutting surface and facilitates the stay of the unlocking device.

[0025] Preferably, the abutting surface is higher than the bottom surface of the lock base.

[0026] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted. When the locking piece of the battery pack enters the cavity of the locking mechanism, there will be no interference between the battery pack and the lock link, which is conducive to ensuring that the locking piece of the battery pack smoothly enters the locking mechanism.

[0027] Preferably, the locking mechanism also includes a first identification element, which is fixedly connected to the locking linkage part, and the first identification element is configured to move with the locking linkage part and is used to cooperate with a first detection element on the electric vehicle to obtain whether the lock tongue is in a locked state.

[0028] In this solution, the user can learn the locking state of the lock tongue through the signal obtained and sent by the first detection element, and then obtain the battery replacement progress of the electric vehicle to ensure the smooth progress of the battery replacement.

[0029] Preferably, the locking mechanism also includes a second identification element, which is fixedly connected to the locking linkage portion, and the second identification element is used to cooperate with a second detection element on the battery exchange device to detect whether the locking mechanism is in a locked state.

[0030] In this solution, when the locking linkage moves, the second identification element moves with the lock link, and the relative position of the second identification element and the second detection element changes. The second identification element is obtained by taking a picture based on the position change of the second detection element to determine whether the locking mechanism is in a locked state. The user can thus know the internal locking status from the outside, and the user can monitor the locking status in real time, which is conducive to ensuring smooth battery replacement of the electric vehicle.

[0031] A locking device comprises a secondary locking mechanism and the locking mechanism as described above, wherein the locking mechanism is used for primary locking of a battery pack, and the secondary locking mechanism is used for secondary locking of the battery pack.

[0032] In this solution, the battery pack is locked using a locking mechanism and a secondary locking mechanism respectively, so that the locking function of the battery pack can be enhanced. If the locking mechanism is accidentally unlocked, the secondary locking mechanism can ensure that the battery pack will not fall from the electric vehicle, which is beneficial to improving the safety and integrity of the battery pack.

[0033] Preferably, the secondary locking mechanism includes a secondary lock base and a secondary locking linkage portion, the secondary lock base is provided with a secondary opening and a secondary cavity extending from the secondary opening, the secondary locking linkage portion moves relative to the secondary lock base to open or close the secondary opening to change between a secondary unlocking state and a secondary locking state.

[0034] Preferably, the secondary locking mechanism further comprises a secondary elastic member, and both ends of the secondary elastic member are respectively connected to the secondary locking linkage portion and the locking mechanism; preferably, the locking mechanism comprises at least two lock bases, and the secondary elastic member is connected to the lock base close to the secondary locking linkage portion;

[0035] Alternatively, two ends of the secondary elastic member are respectively connected to the secondary locking linkage portion and the external fixing structure.

[0036] In this solution, the secondary elastic member acts on the secondary locking linkage part. When the external force applied by the unlocking device to the secondary locking linkage part is released, the secondary lock rod can automatically return to the position in the locked state under the elastic force of the secondary elastic member without manual reset. On the other hand, the secondary elastic member can ensure that the secondary lock tongue is always in a state of closing the secondary opening in the absence of external force, which can prevent the secondary locking member of the battery pack from sliding off the secondary opening and improve stability.

[0037] When the two ends of the secondary elastic member are respectively connected to the secondary locking linkage part and the locking mechanism, the locking mechanism and the secondary locking mechanism are integrated into one, thereby improving the space utilization of the locking device, which is suitable for situations where the space at the connection between the electric vehicle and the battery pack is limited.

[0038] An electric vehicle comprises the locking device as described above.

[0039] In this solution, when the electric vehicle uses the above-mentioned locking device to achieve the connection between the battery pack and the electric vehicle, it can ensure the connection stability between the battery pack and the electric vehicle when the unlocked state is changed to the locked state, and at the same time, it can also ensure the safety and integrity of the battery pack when the locking mechanism is accidentally unlocked.

[0040] The positive and progressive effects of the utility model are:

[0041] The utility model provides an elastic member on the locking linkage part. When no external force acts on the locking linkage part, the locking linkage part can automatically return to the position in the locked state under the elastic force of the elastic member without manual reset. On the other hand, the use of the elastic member can ensure that the locking linkage part is always in a state of closing the opening in the absence of external force, which can prevent the locking member of the battery pack from sliding off the opening and improve stability. In particular, elastic members are provided on both sides of the locking linkage part, and the elastic members on both sides are symmetrically arranged, which will help to ensure the force balance on both sides of the locking linkage part, so that the locking linkage part will not deviate to one side during the process of resetting under the elastic force of the elastic member, thus ensuring the stability of the locking linkage part when switching from the unlocked state to the locked state; on the other hand, the locking linkage part will not deviate to one side, which can also prevent the locking linkage part from colliding with the lock base and causing damage. If the locking linkage part deviates to one side during the resetting process, the locking linkage part cannot be aligned with the cavity, which will also cause the locking linkage part to collide with the lock base. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a top view of the locking mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the locking mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0045] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a locking device of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0046] Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of the locking linkage part of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0047] Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the locking device of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0048] Description of Reference Numerals

[0049] Locking mechanism 1

[0050] Lock base 11

[0051] Opening 111

[0052] Cavity 112

[0053] Locking linkage part 12

[0054] Lock tongue 121

[0055] Lock link 122

[0056] Rod 123

[0057] Flanging 124

[0058] Elastic member 13

[0059] Unlock Block 14

[0060] Abutment surface 141

[0061] First identification element 15

[0062] Second identification element 16

[0063] Connecting section 161

[0064] The first bending section 162

[0065] The second bending section 163

[0066] Secondary locking mechanism 2

[0067] Secondary lock base 21

[0068] Secondary opening 211

[0069] Secondary cavity 212

[0070] Secondary locking linkage part 22

[0071] Secondary elastic member 23

[0072] The third identification element 24

[0073] Fourth identification element 25 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] A preferred embodiment is given below, and the present invention is described more clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, this embodiment discloses a locking mechanism 1, including at least one lock base 11, a locking linkage part 12 and at least two elastic members 13, the lock base 11 is provided with an opening 111 and a cavity 112 extending from the opening 111, the opening 111 is used for allowing the locking member installed on the battery pack to enter the cavity 112; the locking linkage part 12 moves relative to the lock base 11 to open or close the opening 111 to change between an unlocked state and a locked state; at least two elastic members 13 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the locking linkage part 12, and the two ends of the elastic member 13 are respectively connected to the locking linkage part 12 and the lock base 11, and the locking linkage part 12 is driven to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state through the elastic force of the elastic member 13.

[0077] By providing the elastic member 13 on the locking linkage part 12, when no external force acts on the locking linkage part 12, the locking linkage part 12 can automatically return to the position in the locked state under the elastic force of the elastic member 13, without manual reset. On the other hand, the elastic member 13 can ensure that the locking linkage part 12 is always in a state of closing the opening 111 in the absence of external force, which can prevent the locking member of the battery pack from sliding off the opening 111 and improve stability. In particular, elastic members 13 are provided on both sides of the locking linkage part 12 that are opposite to each other, and the elastic members 13 on both sides are symmetrically arranged, which will be beneficial to ensure the force balance on both sides of the locking linkage part 12, so that the locking linkage part 12 will not deviate to one side during the resetting process under the action of the elastic force of the elastic member 13, thereby ensuring the stability of the locking linkage part 12 when switching from the unlocked state to the locked state; on the other hand, the locking linkage part 12 will not deviate to one side, which can also avoid the locking linkage part 12 from colliding with the lock base 11 and causing damage. If the locking linkage part 12 deviates to one side during the resetting process, the locking linkage part 12 cannot be aligned with the cavity 112, which will also cause the locking linkage part 12 to collide with the lock base 11.

[0078] In this embodiment, there are two elastic members 13, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the locking linkage portion 12. In other embodiments, there may be four or six elastic members 13, in which case the elastic members 13 are symmetrically distributed in pairs.

[0079] Specifically, the locking linkage part 12 includes two side walls extending along the length direction of the lock base 11, and the elastic member 13 is connected to the side walls, so that the elastic force direction of the elastic member 13 is more adapted to the moving direction of the locking linkage part 12, which is conducive to smoother resetting of the locking linkage part 12.

[0080] In one embodiment, Figure 5As shown, the locking linkage part 12 includes two symmetrically arranged rods 123, and the edges of the rods 123 have flanges 124 bent toward the outside. Compared with the integral and hollow locking linkage part 12, the locking linkage part 12 is arranged in a form of two rods 123 assembled, which is convenient for setting the bent flanges 124 on the edges of the rods 123, which is beneficial to increase the overall structural strength of the locking linkage part 12. On the other hand, the structure assembled from the two rods 123 can also ensure light weight. That is, the locking linkage part 12 can take into account both light weight and structural strength. In another embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the locking linkage portion 12 may be integral.

[0081] Specifically, the locking linkage portion 12 includes a locking link 122 and a locking tongue 121. Only the locking link 122 may include two symmetrically arranged rods 123, or both the locking link 122 and the locking tongue 121 may include two symmetrically arranged rods 123.

[0082] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the locking mechanism 1 includes two lock bases 11, and two elastic members 13 are symmetrically distributed between the two lock bases 11. The space between the two lock bases 11 is reasonably used to set the elastic member 13. On the one hand, the space utilization rate is improved, and on the other hand, the elastic member 13 can be located in a relatively middle position, further improving the stability of the reset process of the locking linkage part 12; at the same time, it is also beneficial to improve the consistency of the overall movement trajectory of the locking linkage part 12, and to ensure that the opening and closing states of the openings 111 of multiple lock bases 11 are consistent. In addition, the two lock bases 11 can reduce the space occupied by the locking mechanism 1, which is particularly suitable for situations where the space at the connection between the electric vehicle and the battery pack is limited. In other embodiments, the locking mechanism 1 may include three or more lock bases 11, and in this case, the two elastic members 13 are symmetrically distributed between any two lock bases 11.

[0083] like Figure 3As shown, the locking linkage part 12 includes a lock tongue 121 and a lock link 122. The lock tongue 121 is located in the cavity 112. The lock tongue 121 is connected to the lock link 122 and can rotate relative to the lock base 11. The lock link 122 is used to drive the lock tongue 121 to rotate under the action of an external force to open or close the opening 111. The locking linkage part 12 is set as a lock tongue 121 and a lock link 122 with a transmission relationship. Compared with the integral locking linkage part 12, the locking linkage part 12 is set as a split shape with a transmission relationship. On the one hand, it is conducive to improving the setting flexibility of the locking linkage part 12, and thus making the force application position of the external force more diverse; on the other hand, it is conducive to increasing the maximum rotation angle of the lock tongue 121, so that the maximum rotation angle of the lock tongue 121 can open or close the opening 111. In addition, the locking linkage part 12 is configured to include a split locking tongue 121 and a locking link 122. When there are two or more lock bases 11, the locking link 122 can simultaneously connect multiple locking tongues 121 to enable multiple locking tongues 121 to open the opening 111 at the same time.

[0084] An unlocking block 14 is provided on the side of the lock link 122 facing the lock base 11. The unlocking block 14 is a protrusion formed outward from the lock link 122, and the unlocking device abuts against the unlocking block 14. By providing the unlocking block 14 on the side of the lock link 122 facing the lock base 11, that is, the unlocking block 14 will be located near the bottom of the lock base 11, which will be particularly suitable for the case where the unlocking device is arranged below the lock base 11, so that the distance between the unlocking device and the unlocking block 14 can be closer, which is also conducive to shortening the unlocking path of the unlocking device.

[0085] The unlocking block 14 has an abutting surface 141 facing the unlocking device, and the abutting surface 141 is used for the unlocking device to abut against and move along the abutting surface 141. When the unlocking device changes from abutting against one end of the abutting surface 141 to abutting against the other end of the abutting surface 141, the lock link 122 moves to drive the lock tongue 121 to open the opening 111. When the unlocking device applies a force toward the abutting surface 141, the lock link 122 can be displaced in the tangential direction of the rotation direction of the lock tongue 121 during the sliding process of the unlocking device along the abutting surface 141, thereby driving the lock tongue 121 to rotate to open or close the opening 111, making the unlocking process more reliable. In addition, the extension direction of the abutting surface 141 is the same as the extension direction of the lock link 122. During the unlocking process, the unlocking device can move on the abutting surface 141 without getting stuck at a certain position of the abutting surface 141, thereby improving the unlocking stability of the locking mechanism 1. At the same time, when the locking member of the battery pack moves along the cavity 112 of the lock base 11, the top of the unlocking device can always be against the abutment surface 141, so that the lock tongue 121 remains in an open state to avoid unlocking errors.

[0086] Among them, the abutment surface 141 is higher than the bottom surface of the lock base 11, so that when the locking piece of the battery pack enters the cavity 112 of the locking mechanism 1, the battery pack and the lock link 122 will not interfere with each other, which is conducive to ensuring that the locking piece of the battery pack smoothly enters the locking mechanism 1.

[0087] Specifically, the abutting surface 141 can be in the shape of a plane, a concave square, a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism. The unlocking device applies force on the abutting surface 141 and moves along the extension direction of the lock link 122 on the horizontal plane without being stuck in a certain position. The unlocking stability is high. The abutting surface 141 is a horizontal plane, which has greater fault tolerance. In the case of alignment deviation or torsion angle of the unlocking device, it can always remain in the abutting surface 141. At the same time, the structure is simple and the processing is convenient. The abutting surface 141 is a concave square, which can limit the unlocking device, so that the unlocking device cannot be separated from the abutting surface 141 during the unlocking process. The abutting surface 141 is a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism, which can form an optimal unlocking line with the unlocking device and have appropriate fault tolerance, so that the unlocking device moves along the length direction of the lock link 122 in the abutting surface 141, and it is convenient for the unlocking device to stay.

[0088] The locking mechanism 1 also includes a first identification element 15, which is fixedly connected to the locking linkage part 12. The first identification element 15 is configured to move with the locking linkage part 12 and is used to cooperate with the first detection element on the electric vehicle to obtain whether the lock tongue 121 is in a locked state, so that the user can obtain and send a signal from the first detection element to know the locking state of the lock tongue 121, and then obtain the battery replacement process of the electric vehicle to ensure the smooth progress of the battery replacement. In this embodiment, the first identification element 15 is a magnet, and the first detection element is a Hall sensor. In other embodiments, the first identification element 15 and the first detection element can be other components that can recognize each other.

[0089] The locking mechanism 1 also includes a second identification element 16, which is fixedly connected to the locking linkage part 12. The second identification element 16 is used to cooperate with the second detection element on the battery swapping equipment in the battery swapping station to detect whether the locking mechanism 1 is in a locked state, so that the user can know the internal locking situation from the outside, and the user can monitor the locking state in real time, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth battery swapping of the electric vehicle, wherein the battery swapping equipment is the equipment for disassembly and installation of batteries for electric vehicles in the battery swapping station, and the second identification element 16 cooperates with the battery swapping equipment to facilitate the accurate disassembly or installation of the battery pack of the battery swapping equipment. Specifically, the second identification element 16 is set on the lock link 122 of the locking mechanism 1. When the lock link 122 moves, the second identification element 16 moves with the lock link 122, and the relative position of the second identification element 16 and the second detection element changes. The second identification element 16 is photographed to obtain the position change based on the second detection element to determine whether the locking mechanism 1 is in a locked state.

[0090] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the second identification element 16 includes a connecting section 161, a first bending section 162 and a second bending section 163, the connecting section 161 is connected to the locking rod 122 of the locking linkage part 12, the connecting section 161, the first bending section 162 and the second bending section 163 form angles in sequence, the first bending section 162 extends upward relative to the locking rod 122, and the extension direction of the second bending section 163 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the locking linkage part 12 or nearly perpendicular to the moving direction of the locking linkage part 12.

[0091] The second identification element 16 is set to be three-section, the connecting section 161 ensures the stability of the connection between the second identification element 16 and the lock link 122, and the first bending section 162 extends upward, which, on the one hand, leaves space for the lock linkage 12 to move upward, and on the other hand, prevents the lock linkage 12 from interfering with the second detection element or other components of the battery pack. The second bending section 163 increases the detection area of ​​the second identification element 16 and the second detection element, and on the other hand, the second bending section 163 also extends in a direction away from the lock link 122, so that the corresponding second detection element can also be located not above the lock link 122, which further prevents the second detection element from interfering with the lock linkage 12.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] like Figure 4As shown, this embodiment further discloses a locking device, which includes a secondary locking mechanism 2 and the locking mechanism 1 in embodiment 1. The locking mechanism 1 is used to lock the battery pack at the primary level, and the secondary locking mechanism 2 is used to lock the battery pack at the secondary level. The battery pack is locked by the locking mechanism 1 and the secondary locking mechanism 2 respectively, so that the locking function of the battery pack can be enhanced. If the locking mechanism 1 is accidentally unlocked, the secondary locking mechanism 2 can ensure that the battery pack will not fall off the electric vehicle, which is conducive to improving safety and the integrity of the battery pack.

[0094] Specifically, the secondary locking mechanism 2 includes a secondary lock base 21 and a secondary locking linkage part 22. The secondary lock base 21 is provided with a secondary opening 211 and a secondary cavity 212 extending from the secondary opening 211. The secondary locking linkage part 22 moves relative to the secondary lock base 21 to open or close the secondary opening 211 to change between the secondary unlocking state and the secondary locking state. The secondary locking linkage part 22 includes a secondary lock tongue and a secondary lock rod. The secondary lock tongue is located in the secondary cavity 212. One end of the secondary lock rod is rotatably connected to the secondary lock tongue. External force acts on the secondary lock rod to drive the secondary lock tongue to rotate relative to the secondary lock base 21 to open or close the secondary opening 211. When the secondary lock tongue is in the secondary locking state, the secondary lock tongue can prevent the secondary locking member of the battery pack from leaving the secondary cavity 212 from the secondary opening 211.

[0095] The secondary locking mechanism 2 also includes a secondary elastic member 23, which acts on the secondary locking linkage part 22 through the secondary elastic member 23. When the external force applied by the unlocking device to the secondary locking linkage part 22 is released, the secondary locking rod can automatically return to the position in the locked state under the elastic force of the secondary elastic member 23, without manual reset. On the other hand, the secondary elastic member 23 can ensure that in the absence of external force, the secondary lock tongue is always in a state of closing the secondary opening 211, which can prevent the secondary locking member of the battery pack from sliding off the secondary opening 211, thereby improving stability.

[0096] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the two ends of the secondary elastic member 23 are respectively connected to the secondary locking linkage part 22 and the locking mechanism 1, so that the locking mechanism 1 and the secondary locking mechanism 2 are integrated into one, which improves the space utilization of the locking device and is suitable for the situation where the space at the connection between the electric vehicle and the battery pack is limited. Preferably, the secondary elastic member 23 is connected to the lock base 11 close to the secondary locking linkage part 22.

[0097] In another embodiment, two ends of the secondary elastic member 23 are respectively connected to the secondary locking linkage portion 22 and an external fixing structure, wherein the external fixing structure may be a longitudinal beam or other brackets.

[0098] like Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the secondary locking mechanism 2 is provided with a third identification element 24, and the third identification element 24 is used to cooperate with the third detection element on the battery replacement device to detect whether the secondary locking mechanism 2 is in a locked state, so that the user can know the internal locking status from the outside, and the user can monitor the locking state in real time, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth battery replacement of the electric vehicle. Specifically, the third identification element 24 is arranged on the secondary locking linkage part 22 of the secondary locking mechanism 2. When the secondary locking linkage part 22 moves, the third identification element 24 moves with the secondary locking linkage part 22, and the relative position of the third identification element 24 and the reference element on the electric vehicle changes. The third detection element obtains the position change of the third identification element 24 based on the reference element to determine whether the secondary locking mechanism 2 is in a locked state.

[0099] Specifically, the structure of the third identification element 24 is the same as that of the second identification element 16 , that is, the third identification element 24 also includes a connecting section, a first bending section and a second bending section, which will not be described in detail here.

[0100] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the secondary locking mechanism 2 is also provided with a fourth identification element 25, which is fixedly connected to the secondary locking linkage part 22. The fourth identification element 25 is arranged to move with the secondary locking linkage part 22 and is used to cooperate with the fourth detection element on the electric vehicle to obtain whether the secondary lock tongue is in a locked state, so that the user can obtain and send a signal from the fourth detection element to know the locking state of the secondary lock tongue, and then obtain the battery replacement process of the electric vehicle to ensure the smooth progress of the battery replacement. In this embodiment, the fourth identification element 25 is a magnet, and the fourth detection element is a Hall sensor. In other embodiments, the fourth identification element 25 and the fourth detection element can be other components that can recognize each other.

[0101] This embodiment also discloses an electric vehicle, which includes the locking device as described above. When the electric vehicle uses the locking device as described above to achieve the connection between the battery pack and the electric vehicle, the connection stability between the battery pack and the electric vehicle can be ensured when the unlocked state is changed to the locked state, and the safety and integrity of the battery pack can also be ensured when the locking mechanism 1 is accidentally unlocked.

[0102] Although the specific implementations of the utility model are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the utility model is defined by the attached claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these implementations without departing from the principle and essence of the utility model, but these changes and modifications fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A locking mechanism, characterized in that: include: at least one lock base, the lock base having an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, the opening being used for a locking member installed on the battery pack to enter the cavity; a locking linkage portion, the locking linkage portion moving relative to the lock base to open or close the opening to change between an unlocked state and a locked state; At least two elastic members, at least two of the elastic members are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the locking linkage part, and the two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the locking linkage part and the lock base, and the locking linkage part is driven to switch from the unlocking state to the locking state through the elastic force of the elastic member.

2. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking linkage portion includes two side walls extending along the length direction of the lock base, and the elastic member is connected to the side walls.

3. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking linkage portion comprises two symmetrically arranged rods, and the edges of the rods have flanges bent toward the outside.

4. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises at least two lock bases, and at least two elastic members are symmetrically distributed between any two lock bases.

5. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking linkage part includes a lock tongue and a lock link, the lock tongue is located in the cavity, the lock tongue is connected to the lock link and can rotate relative to the lock base, and the lock link is used to drive the lock tongue to rotate under the action of external force to open or close the opening.

6. The locking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: An unlocking block is provided on one side of the lock link facing the lock base. The unlocking block is a protrusion formed outward from the lock link, and the unlocking block is used for the unlocking device to abut against.

7. The locking mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The unlocking block has an abutment surface facing the unlocking device, and the abutment surface is used for the unlocking device to abut against and move along the abutment surface. When the unlocking device changes from abutting against one end of the abutment surface to abutting against the other end of the abutment surface, the lock link moves to drive the lock tongue to open the opening.

8. The locking mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The abutting surface is in the shape of a plane, a concave square, a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism.

9. The locking mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The abutting surface is higher than the bottom surface of the lock base.

10. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism also includes a first identification element, which is fixedly connected to the locking linkage part. The first identification element is configured to move with the locking linkage part and is used to cooperate with a first detection element on the electric vehicle to obtain whether the locking linkage part is in a locked state.

11. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism also includes a second identification element, which is fixedly connected to the locking linkage portion. The second identification element is used to cooperate with a second detection element on the battery exchange device to detect whether the locking mechanism is in a locked state.

12. A locking device, characterized in that: The locking device includes a secondary locking mechanism and a locking mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the locking mechanism is used for primary locking of the battery pack, and the secondary locking mechanism is used for secondary locking of the battery pack.

13. The locking device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The secondary locking mechanism includes a secondary lock base and a secondary locking linkage part. The secondary lock base is provided with a secondary opening and a secondary cavity extending from the secondary opening. The secondary locking linkage part moves relative to the secondary lock base to open or close the secondary opening to change between a secondary unlocking state and a secondary locking state.

14. The locking device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The secondary locking mechanism further comprises a secondary elastic member, both ends of which are respectively connected to the secondary locking linkage portion and the locking mechanism; Alternatively, two ends of the secondary elastic member are respectively connected to the secondary locking linkage portion and the external fixing structure.

15. The locking device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises at least two lock bases, and the secondary elastic member is connected to the lock base close to the secondary locking linkage portion.

16. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle comprises a locking device as described in any one of claims 12-15.

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