Tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in incinerator
By setting up a rotating and tilting tube pyrolysis device in the incinerator, the problem of dioxin in the fly ash cannot be completely pyrolyzed in the incinerator, the complete pyrolysis and resource utilization of dioxin are achieved, and the reduction of nucleus is reduced. The risk of treated fly ash as hazardous waste.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420970436.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-07
AI Technical Summary
The dioxin in the fly ash cannot be completely pyrolyzed in the incinerator, resulting in the still presence of dioxin in the flue gas, and existing treatment methods such as chelation curing and high temperature sintering have problems of land occupation and energy consumption.
Design a tube pyrolysis device, which is arranged in an incinerator, through a rotating and tilting tube structure, ensure that the dioxin in fly ash is fully pyrolyzed at high temperatures and is in direct contact with oxygen in the air to prevent regeneration. become.
Complete pyrolysis of dioxin in fly ash is achieved, avoiding the regeneration of dioxin in a cooling environment, reducing the risk of treated fly ash as hazardous waste, and improving the treatment efficiency and resource utilization rate.
Smart Images
Figure CN222480506U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste incineration fly ash treatment, and in particular relates to a tubular pyrolysis device used for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator. Background Art
[0002] Domestic waste (including waste plastics, waste rubber, paper scraps, wood, cloth, roots, leaves, grass) and organic waste will inevitably produce dioxin harmful gas substances during incineration. At present, fly ash produced by domestic waste incineration plants contains hazardous wastes such as dioxins and heavy metals, so fly ash is treated as hazardous waste. Dioxin belongs to chlorinated tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, which is a general term for polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDD) and chlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF). It is a mixture of more than 200 isomers and homologues. Dioxin is a colorless and odorless solid substance under standard conditions, with a melting point of 303-305℃, stable chemical properties, low solubility in water, difficult to dissolve in water, non-volatile at room temperature, difficult to oxidize, decompose or hydrolyze, and dioxin is highly toxic. It is a first-level carcinogen and teratogen, which is extremely harmful to the human body. Dioxin is the main pollutant and toxic substance produced during waste incineration. The main treatment method is to use chelating agents to solidify the hazardous components in the fly ash and then bury it in a dedicated landfill. In addition, fly ash can also be sintered at high temperature.
[0003] Dioxins are organic substances, and they can be completely pyrolyzed by staying at 850℃ for 2s. Usually, dioxins produced in incinerators can be pyrolyzed, but there are more or less dioxins in the flue gas emitted by incinerators. The reason is that although most of them are decomposed by high-temperature combustion, some of them will still be discharged with the flue gas after combustion; too much unburned material is produced in the flue gas. In the environment of 300-500℃, the dioxins that have been decomposed by high-temperature combustion will regenerate when they encounter a proper amount of catalyst (mainly heavy metals, especially copper).
[0004] The removal of dioxins in flue gas is usually carried out by spraying activated carbon in front of the tail flue dust collector. The activated carbon is used to adsorb dioxins in the flue gas, and then the activated carbon adsorbed with dioxins is filtered out by the dust collector.
[0005] The existing technology has the following defects and deficiencies: the chelation solidification method mainly occupies land and cannot guarantee that dangerous components will not seep out after many years. The high-temperature sintering process consumes a lot of energy, and the safest way after sintering is landfill, which also occupies land.
[0006] Some incinerators have designed a rapid cooling zone in the tail flue and minimized the residence time of flue gas in the range of 300-500°C, but regeneration is still unavoidable. Utility Model Content
[0007] The utility model provides a tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator, which solves the problem that dioxins in the fly ash cannot be completely pyrolyzed in the incinerator.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:
[0009] A tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator comprises: a tubular pyrolysis device body, which is arranged at the upper part of the incinerator and is used for pyrolyzing fly ash and / or dioxins in fly ash particles; the tubular pyrolysis device body is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end is used for the entry of fly ash and / or fly ash particles, and the outlet end is used for the discharge of pyrolysis products.
[0010] Furthermore, in the tubular pyrolysis device as described above, the tubular pyrolysis device body rotates around its own central axis.
[0011] Furthermore, in the tubular pyrolysis device as described above, the inner diameter of the tube of the tubular pyrolysis device body ranges from 30 mm to 200 mm.
[0012] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned tubular pyrolysis device, the main body of the tubular pyrolysis device is arranged at a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane.
[0013] Furthermore, in the tubular pyrolysis device as described above, the inclination angle ranges from 5 to 45°.
[0014] Furthermore, in the tubular pyrolysis device as described above, it further comprises: a fly ash inlet pipeline and a fly ash outlet pipeline; the fly ash inlet pipeline is installed at the inlet end, and the fly ash outlet pipeline is installed at the outlet end.
[0015] Furthermore, in the tubular pyrolysis device as described above, the tubular pyrolysis device body is installed on a track, and the tubular pyrolysis device body enters or exits the incinerator along the track.
[0016] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] The present application provides a tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator, which solves the problem that dioxins in fly ash cannot be completely pyrolyzed in the incinerator. The main body of the tubular pyrolysis device can ensure the pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis time, and dioxins can be completely pyrolyzed. It is guaranteed that even if the treated fly ash is cooled to an environment of 300-500°C, dioxins will not be regenerated. The pyrolysis product is in direct contact with the oxygen in the air of the conveying gas, and the combustibles can be burned out, so there is no condition for synthesizing dioxins again. The main body of the tubular pyrolysis device is easy to transport and can be operated continuously. In the main body of the tubular pyrolysis device, the dioxins in the fly ash are decomposed by heat and then burned with the oxygen in the air. After the fly ash after pyrolysis meets the dioxin treatment index, after the heavy metals are also treated to meet the standards, the discharge can be disposed of as non-hazardous waste, and resource utilization can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the inclination angle of a tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Description of the accompanying drawings: incinerator 1, grate 12, tubular pyrolysis device body 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the implementation mode of the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0024] See attached Figure 1 A tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator provided in an embodiment of the present application is introduced in detail.
[0025] In short, the basic technical scheme of the utility model is briefly described as follows: a tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator, comprising: a tubular pyrolysis device body 2; the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 is arranged at the upper part of the incinerator 1, and is used for pyrolyzing fly ash and / or dioxins in fly ash particles; the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 includes an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end is used for the entry of fly ash and / or fly ash particles, and the outlet end is used for the discharge of the products after pyrolysis.
[0026] The following is a detailed discussion of a tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator provided by the present application.
[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator, including the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 mentioned in the above embodiment, the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 is arranged in the upper part of the incinerator 1, and is used for pyrolyzing fly ash and / or dioxins in fly ash particles. The tubular pyrolysis device body 2 can be fixed in the incinerator 1 by a bracket, or can be fixed in the incinerator 1 by a support rod, or can be arranged outside the incinerator. When necessary, the tubular pyrolysis device body is sent into the incinerator. It should be noted that the fly ash mentioned in the above description can be the original fly ash filtered out by the dust collector (the background technology describes the use of activated carbon to adsorb dioxins and then filtered by the dust collector), or the fly ash produced in the incinerator 1 is made into fly ash particles with a diameter range of 0.1-10mm.
[0028] The tubular pyrolysis device body 2 is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end is used for the entry of fly ash and / or fly ash particles, and the outlet end is used for the discharge of pyrolysis products. In a specific embodiment, the inlet end is located at the upper part or top of the tubular pyrolysis device, and the outlet end is located at the lower part or bottom of the tubular pyrolysis device. Fly ash and / or fly ash particles enter the tubular pyrolysis device body from the inlet end, and the fly ash and / or fly ash particles are discharged from the outlet end after pyrolysis by their own gravity.
[0029] The tubular pyrolysis device is provided with a fly ash inlet pipeline and a fly ash outlet pipeline. Fly ash and / or fly ash particles enter the interior of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 through the fly ash inlet pipeline, and are discharged to the outside of the incinerator 1 through the fly ash outlet pipeline after pyrolysis of dioxins; the fly ash inlet pipeline is installed at the inlet end, and the fly ash outlet pipeline is installed at the outlet end.
[0030] The radial cross section of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 can be circular, elliptical, or polygonal. The polygonal shape can be rectangular. Preferably, the radial cross section of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 is circular or rectangular. Taking a circular shape as an example, the inner diameter of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 ranges from 30 mm to 200 mm, such as 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, and 200 mm. The tube wall thickness ranges from 2 to 8 mm, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 mm.
[0031] In a specific embodiment, the length of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 is adjustable. Specifically, the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 includes an outer tube and an inner tube. The outer tube is sleeved outside the inner tube. The inner tube can be placed entirely in the outer tube, or a portion of the inner tube can be placed in the outer tube and the other portion can be placed outside the outer tube. A slide rail is provided in the outer tube, and the inner tube is installed on the slide rail. The inner tube moves on the slide rail to achieve the extension and retraction of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2. The outer tube is provided with a limiting device for fixing the inner tube to achieve the limit of the inner tube. In another specific embodiment, a platform is provided outside the incinerator 1, and a track is provided on the platform. The tubular pyrolysis device body 2 is provided on the track and driven by the track. The tubular pyrolysis device body 2 enters or exits the incinerator 1 along the track, thereby achieving the extension and retraction of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2. That is, when dioxin needs to be pyrolyzed, the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 is extended into the incinerator 1 to pyrolyze dioxin. When the pyrolysis is completed, the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 is retracted to the above-mentioned platform.
[0032] In one embodiment, the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 rotates around its own central axis. The rotation is only for the purpose of turning the fly ash or fly ash particles in the tube to achieve uniform heating of the fly ash or fly ash particles, thereby making it difficult for the fly ash and / or fly ash particles to adhere to the tube wall and fully pyrolyzing dioxins. Figure 2 As shown, the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 rotates around the central axis EF.
[0033] like Figure 2As shown, in a specific embodiment, the bottom surface of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 is set at a certain inclination angle ∠ABC with the horizontal plane, which is conducive to the pyrolysis and transportation of fly ash and / or fly ash particles in the tubular pyrolysis device body 2, so that the fly ash and / or fly ash particles move toward the outlet end under the action of their own gravity after entering the tubular pyrolysis device body 2. The range of the inclination angle is 5-45°, for example, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45°. The smaller the inclination angle, the slower the downward speed of the fly ash particles, the longer the residence time, and the longer the pyrolysis time; the larger the inclination angle, the faster the downward speed of the fly ash particles, the shorter the residence time, and the shorter the pyrolysis time. The specific inclination angle should be determined according to the particle size of the fly ash particles and the distance from the inlet end to the outlet end of the tubular pyrolysis device body. The larger the fly ash particle size, the longer the pyrolysis time required; the longer the distance from the inlet end to the outlet end, the longer the fly ash stays inside the tubular pyrolysis device body, that is, the longer the pyrolysis time, the more thorough the pyrolysis.
[0034] Fly ash and / or fly ash particles can enter the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 in a continuous manner or in a batch manner, and the difference is the pyrolysis time. The pyrolysis time range of fly ash and / or fly ash particles is 2-600s. Normally, staying at 850°C for 2s can achieve complete pyrolysis of dioxins. For the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 processed in batch mode, the inlet and outlet can be the same or different. The pyrolysis time for complete pyrolysis of dioxins is related to the pyrolysis temperature and the particle size of the fly ash. The particle size of the fly ash particles is larger than that of the fly ash. That is to say, if other conditions are the same, the pyrolysis time for complete pyrolysis of dioxins in fly ash is less than the pyrolysis time of the fly ash particles. The tubular pyrolysis device does not need to make fly ash into fly ash particles, but can directly pyrolyze the fly ash.
[0035] For the continuous method, the friction on the tube wall is more serious, so the tube wall needs to be slightly thicker, and the tube wall range is 5-8mm. For example, 5, 6, 7, 8mm. For the batch method, the tube wall can be thinner, and the tube wall thickness ranges from 2-8mm, for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8mm. The inner diameter of the tube ranges from 30mm to 200mm, and the above two methods have no special requirements for the tube diameter. The pyrolysis time of fly ash and / or fly ash particles ranges from 2 to 600s. The residence time of fly ash and / or fly ash particles in the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 is related to factors such as the fly ash particle size, the temperature in the incinerator 1 at the tubular pyrolysis device body 2, and the inner diameter of the tube. For example, the temperature range of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 in the incinerator 1 is 850°C-950°C. The larger the diameter of the fly ash particles, the thicker the inner diameter of the tube of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2, and the longer the residence time of the fly ash and / or fly ash particles needs to be; the smaller the diameter of the fly ash particles, the thinner the inner diameter of the tube of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2, and the shorter the residence time of the fly ash and / or fly ash particles needs to be. The pipe material used for the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 should be wear-resistant, and fly ash should not be attached to the inner and outer surfaces. In a specific embodiment, the outer steel pipe and the inner lining of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 are made of high chromium material (Cr12~Cr30), and the fly ash inlet pipeline and the fly ash discharge pipeline (ZG40CrMnMoNiSiRe) are made of rare earth alloy for wear resistance. In order to ensure the smooth flow of fly ash in and out of the tubular pyrolysis device body 2, preferably, the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 adopts an equal pipe diameter setting. The main body 2 of the tubular pyrolysis device can ensure the pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis time, and dioxins can be completely pyrolyzed. It is guaranteed that even if the treated fly ash is cooled to an environment of 300-500°C, dioxins will not be regenerated. The pyrolysis products are in direct contact with the oxygen in the air conveying gas, which can burn out the combustibles, so there is no condition for re-synthesis of dioxins. The longer the tube of the tubular pyrolysis device (such as Figure 2 The length of AB in the figure is the tube length), the smaller the inclination angle and the smaller the rotation speed of the tube, the longer the residence time of the fly ash and / or fly ash particles in the tube. When in use, the pyrolysis time of different fly ashes and fly ash particles is first obtained through experiments, and then the inclination angle, tube length and rotation speed of the tube of the tubular pyrolysis device are designed.
[0036] A grate 12 is disposed at the lower portion of the incinerator 1 to form a combustion surface and enhance the combustion effect; the grate 12 is disposed obliquely downward to further improve the combustion efficiency and reduce exhaust gas emissions.
[0037] When in use, air is pressurized by an air compressor and carries fly ash and / or fly ash particles into the tubular pyrolysis device body 2 , and the dioxins in the fly ash and / or fly ash particles are fully pyrolyzed and quickly discharged out of the incinerator 1 .
[0038] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features of the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0039] For those skilled in the art, the utility model can be implemented by other implementation schemes that do not deviate from its spirit or essential features. Obviously, the utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the utility model. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, it is only an example, not the only one, and the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the utility model is limited by the attached claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the utility model. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved. All changes within the scope of the utility model or within the scope equivalent to the utility model are included in the utility model.
Claims
1. A tubular pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing fly ash in an incinerator, characterized in that: include: A tubular pyrolysis device body, which is arranged at the upper part of the incinerator and is used for pyrolyzing fly ash and / or dioxins in fly ash particles; The tubular pyrolysis device body is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, wherein the inlet end is used for the entry of fly ash and / or fly ash particles, and the outlet end is used for the discharge of pyrolysis products.
2. The tubular pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tubular pyrolysis device body rotates around its own central axis.
3. The tubular pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the tube of the tubular pyrolysis device body ranges from 30 mm to 200 mm.
4. The tubular pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the tubular pyrolysis device body is arranged at a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane.
5. The tubular pyrolysis device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inclination angle ranges from 5 to 45 degrees.
6. The tubular pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Fly ash inlet pipeline and fly ash outlet pipeline; The fly ash inlet pipeline is installed at the inlet end, and the fly ash discharge pipeline is installed at the outlet end.
7. The tubular pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tubular pyrolysis device body is installed on a track, and the tubular pyrolysis device body enters or exits the incinerator along the track.