Hearth, hot blast stove and drying equipment
By setting up secondary air inlets and bending smoke exhaust channels in the furnace of the hot air furnace, the problem of incomplete combustion of the existing hot air furnace is solved, achieving more efficient combustion and lower environmental pollution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421217905.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-30
AI Technical Summary
The existing hot air furnace combustion methods have incomplete combustion of high temperature and hypoxia, which leads to the production of black smoke, and low combustion efficiency, causing environmental pollution.
A furnace is designed, including a furnace wall, a combustion chamber, a primary air inlet, a secondary air inlet and a smoke exhaust passage. Replenish air into the combustion chamber through the secondary air inlet to ensure that the fuel is fully burned and prevent the discharge of unburned fuel particles through the bending smoke exhaust passage.
It achieves more sufficient fuel combustion, reduces the pollution of flue gas to the environment, and improves combustion efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN222480787U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of hot air utilization, and specifically relates to a furnace, a hot air furnace and a drying device. Background Art
[0002] The working principle of the existing hot blast furnace is: fuel such as coal and biomass particles are put into the grate of the hot blast furnace combustion chamber through the feed port, and then ignited by the ignition device. At the same time, the hot blast furnace fan draws in the outside air to provide oxygen for the combustion of the fuel.
[0003] During the continuous operation of the above combustion method, there is a periodicity in the combustion process due to the intermittent addition of fuel to the grate. When the fuel is just added to the grate, the thickness of the fuel layer increases, the ventilation resistance increases, and the amount of air passing through the fuel layer decreases. At this time, the newly added fuel to the grate is heated to precipitate volatiles, and the combustion of coke also requires a large amount of fresh air, so high-temperature oxygen-deficient incomplete combustion occurs, producing black smoke. As the fuel layer continues to burn and become thinner, the ventilation resistance gradually decreases, the amount of air passing through the coal layer increases, and the coal layer returns to a normal combustion state. There is even an excess of air in the furnace, and the blackness of the exhaust smoke disappears.
[0004] However, in order to keep the furnace burning continuously, fuel must be added to the grate, and the above process is repeated over and over again. This combustion method is not only inefficient, but also causes greater environmental pollution. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a furnace, a hot air stove and a drying device, which can make the fuel in the furnace burn more completely, reduce the pollution of smoke to the environment, and improve the combustion efficiency.
[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present application provides a furnace, which includes:
[0007] A furnace wall, defining a combustion chamber and a fuel inlet and a primary air inlet communicated with the combustion chamber;
[0008] A secondary air inlet, disposed on the furnace wall and used to introduce secondary air into the combustion chamber; and
[0009] A smoke exhaust passage is connected to the top of the furnace wall and communicates with the combustion chamber. The smoke exhaust passage is bent and extended relative to the furnace wall.
[0010] In some embodiments, the furnace wall is in the shape of an inverted cone, and the combustion chamber is formed as a fluidized combustion chamber whose flow area gradually increases from bottom to top so as to enable the fuel to burn in a fluidized state.
[0011] In some embodiments, the furnace further includes a clean air guide baffle disposed around the outer peripheral wall of the furnace wall, and the clean air guide baffle is located between the secondary air inlet and the fuel inlet which are spaced apart from each other.
[0012] In some embodiments, the furnace further includes a plurality of heat sinks spaced apart from one another and arranged on an outer wall of the smoke exhaust passage.
[0013] In some embodiments, the bottom of the furnace wall is provided with a refractory castable built in a cone shape, and the inner wall of the furnace wall is covered with a refractory brick layer built from the bottom to the top.
[0014] In some embodiments, the furnace further includes a grate disposed at the bottom of the combustion chamber, the ventilation gap of the grate being connected to the primary air duct and having a trapezoidal cross-section that narrows from bottom to top.
[0015] A second aspect of the present application further provides a hot blast stove, which comprises the above-mentioned furnace.
[0016] In some embodiments, the hot air furnace also includes a feeding system and a first fan assembly, the feeding system includes a feeding pipe connected to the fuel inlet, the pipe wall of the feeding pipe is provided with a pipe wall interface, the first fan assembly includes a first fan and a blowing air duct and an air supply air duct respectively connected to the air outlet end of the first fan, the blowing air duct is connected to the pipe wall interface and can blow the fuel in the feeding pipe into the combustion chamber, and the air supply air duct is connected to the secondary air inlet.
[0017] In some embodiments, the hot air furnace also includes a heat exchange tube and a second fan assembly, the combustion chamber, the smoke exhaust channel, the heat exchange tube and the second fan assembly are connected in sequence, and the second fan assembly includes a second fan capable of forming a negative pressure in the combustion chamber to introduce primary air from the primary air inlet.
[0018] The third aspect of the present application also provides a drying device, which includes the above-mentioned hot air furnace.
[0019] Through the above technical solution, the furnace of the present application is provided with a secondary air inlet connected to the combustion chamber on the furnace wall on the basis of the primary air inlet connected to the combustion chamber, and air (or oxygen) is added to the combustion chamber through the secondary air inlet, so that the volatiles and incomplete combustion products generated during the fuel combustion process can also be completely burned, thereby reducing the pollution of the smoke to the environment and improving the combustion efficiency. In addition, the smoke exhaust channel is bent and extended relative to the furnace wall, which can prevent the unburned fuel particles in the smoke from being discharged out of the furnace, reducing the heat loss of incomplete combustion, thereby improving the efficiency of the furnace.
[0020] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:
[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a furnace in a specific embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace;
[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a hot air furnace in a specific implementation manner of the present application.
[0025] Description of Reference Numerals
[0026] 10 furnaces 20 heat exchange systems
[0027] 30 feeding system 40 first fan assembly
[0028] 50 Second fan assembly
[0029] 11 fuel inlet 12 secondary air inlet
[0030] 13 Clean air guide baffle 14 Smoke exhaust channel
[0031] 15 radiator 16 grate
[0032] 17 Refractory Brick Layer DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and is not used to limit the present application.
[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a furnace 10, which includes:
[0035] The furnace wall defines a combustion chamber and a fuel inlet 11 and a primary air inlet communicated with the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber can be introduced with fuel through the fuel inlet 11 and with air (or oxygen) through the primary air inlet.
[0036] A secondary air inlet 12, disposed on the furnace wall and used to introduce secondary air (air or oxygen) into the combustion chamber; and
[0037] The smoke exhaust passage 14 is connected to the top of the furnace wall and communicates with the combustion chamber. The smoke exhaust passage 14 is bent and extended relative to the furnace wall.
[0038] Through the above arrangement, the furnace 10 of the present application is provided with a secondary air inlet 12 connected to the combustion chamber on the furnace wall on the basis of the primary air inlet connected to the combustion chamber, and air (or oxygen) is added to the combustion chamber through the secondary air inlet 12, so that the volatiles and incomplete combustion products generated during the fuel combustion process can also be completely burned, thereby reducing the pollution of the flue gas to the environment and improving the combustion efficiency. In addition, the smoke exhaust channel 14 is bent and extended relative to the furnace wall, which can prevent the unburned fuel particles in the smoke from being discharged out of the furnace 10, reducing the heat loss of incomplete combustion, thereby improving the efficiency of the furnace 10.
[0039] In some embodiments, the furnace wall is in the shape of an inverted cone, and the combustion chamber is formed into a fluidized combustion chamber whose flow area gradually increases from bottom to top so that the fuel can be burned in a fluidized state. With such an arrangement, when the fuel burns in the combustion chamber, since the wind speed in the upper part of the combustion chamber is lower than that in the lower part, part of the fuel is carried away by the airflow in the lower part of the combustion chamber, and falls again in the upper part of the combustion chamber due to the reduced airflow speed, thereby forming a boiling layer that flips up and down. The fluidized fuel moves up and down and collides with each other, which can enhance the mixing with the air and strengthen the combustion process, thereby effectively improving the combustion efficiency and achieving more complete combustion of the fuel.
[0040] In particular, this embodiment is particularly suitable for the combustion of biomass particles, because the density of biomass particles is smaller than that of coal, and it is easier for them to tumble up and down in the combustion chamber under the action of the wind field, thereby prolonging the residence time of the fuel particles in the combustion chamber. At this time, the relative speed between air and fuel is relatively large, which can provide sufficient combustion conditions for fuels that are difficult to burn out.
[0041] In some embodiments, the furnace 10 further includes a clean air guide baffle 13 arranged around the outer peripheral wall of the furnace wall, and the clean air guide baffle 13 is located between the secondary air inlet 12 and the fuel inlet 11 arranged at intervals from top to bottom. By providing the clean air guide baffle 13, when the air to be heated (clean air) passes through the outside of the furnace 10, the clean air guide baffle 13 can prevent the air to be heated from flowing downward and leaking from the outside and bottom of the furnace 10 to the atmosphere, and guide the air to be heated to flow upward to enter the heat exchange system of the hot air furnace for heating to form hot air, and then the hot air can enter different equipment such as the drying room for use. In other words, the clean air guide baffle 13 can reduce air leakage, strengthen heat exchange, and help improve the heat exchange efficiency of the hot air furnace.
[0042] In some embodiments, the furnace 10 further includes a plurality of heat sinks 15 arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the smoke exhaust passage 14, and the plurality of heat sinks 15 can enhance the heat exchange between the furnace 10 and the air outside it. For example, if the air to be heated in the hot blast furnace passes through a plurality of heat sinks 15 before entering the heat exchange system, the heat emitted by the plurality of heat sinks 15 can be used to preheat the air to be heated, thereby improving the subsequent heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange system for the air to be heated.
[0043] In some embodiments, the bottom of the furnace wall is provided with a conical refractory castable, and the inner wall of the furnace wall is covered with a refractory brick layer 17 built from the bottom to the top. This can prevent the flame generated in the combustion chamber from directly burning the inner wall of the furnace wall (especially the upper part of the inner wall) during the actual production process, thereby effectively reducing the risk of the furnace wall being burned through and improving the safety performance of the furnace 10.
[0044] In some embodiments, the furnace 10 further includes a grate 16 disposed at the bottom of the combustion chamber, the ventilation gap of the grate 16 being connected to the primary air inlet and having a trapezoidal cross section narrowing from bottom to top. By setting the ventilation gap of the grate 16 to have a trapezoidal cross section narrowing from bottom to top, it is possible to prevent fuel particles on the grate 16 from falling from the ventilation gap, while taking into account the ventilation area, so that the fuel can be burned more fully.
[0045] Reference Figure 3 The second exemplary embodiment of the present application further provides a hot blast furnace, which includes the above-mentioned furnace 10, thereby having all the technical effects brought by the furnace 10, which will not be repeated here.
[0046] When the furnace 10 generates flue gas and discharges it, the flue gas then flows into the heat exchange tube group of the hot blast furnace, and the hot blast furnace can also introduce air to be heated (clean air) from the outside. The air to be heated can pass through the outside of the heat exchange tube group, and the heat of the flue gas is transferred to the air to be heated through the tube wall of the heat exchange tube, thereby heating the air to be heated into hot air, and then the hot air can be discharged to different equipment such as a drying room outside the hot blast furnace for use.
[0047] In some embodiments, the hot blast furnace further includes a feeding system 30 and a first fan assembly 40. The feeding system 30 includes a feeding pipe connected to the fuel inlet 11, and a pipe wall interface is provided on the pipe wall of the feeding pipe. The first fan assembly 40 includes a first fan and a blowing duct and a supplementary air duct respectively connected to the air outlet end of the first fan.
[0048] When the feeding system 30 delivers the fuel to the feeding pipe, the first fan can be turned on to blow air through the blowing air pipe to the pipe wall interface of the feeding pipe, thereby forming an airflow in the feeding pipe and blowing the fuel in the feeding pipe into the combustion chamber. In this way, the fuel can enter the combustion chamber more evenly and the fuel particles can be more fully contacted with the air, thereby burning more fully.
[0049] In addition, the first fan can be used to replenish air (or oxygen) into the secondary air inlet 12 through the air supply duct, so that the first fan can be used for multiple purposes, reducing the number of equipment in the hot air furnace and reducing production and use costs.
[0050] In some embodiments, the hot blast furnace further includes a heat exchange tube and a second fan assembly 50, and the combustion chamber, the smoke exhaust passage 14, the heat exchange tube and the second fan assembly 50 are connected in sequence. When the second fan in the second fan assembly 50 is running, a negative pressure can be formed in the combustion chamber to introduce primary air from the primary air inlet. Compared with directly setting a fan near the primary air inlet where the grate is provided, the second fan is arranged at a long distance in this embodiment to allow the combustion chamber to enter the air under negative pressure, which can avoid the phenomenon of flame burning deviation caused by strong wind force at a close distance, that is, effectively prevent the flame in the furnace 10 from burning deviation and coking.
[0051] The third exemplary embodiment of the present application further provides a drying device, which includes the above-mentioned hot air stove, thereby having all the technical effects brought by the hot air stove, which will not be repeated here.
[0052] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0053] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0054] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0055] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A furnace, characterized in that: include: A furnace wall defines a combustion chamber and a fuel inlet (11) and a primary air inlet communicated with the combustion chamber; A secondary air inlet (12), arranged on the furnace wall and used for introducing secondary air into the combustion chamber; and A smoke exhaust passage (14) is connected to the top of the furnace wall and communicates with the combustion chamber. The smoke exhaust passage (14) is bent and extended relative to the furnace wall.
2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace wall is in the shape of an inverted cone, and the combustion chamber is formed as a fluidized combustion chamber whose flow area gradually increases from bottom to top so as to enable fuel to burn in a fluidized state.
3. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace (10) further comprises a clean air guide baffle (13) arranged around the outer peripheral wall of the furnace wall, and the clean air guide baffle (13) is located between the secondary air inlet (12) and the fuel inlet (11) which are arranged in an upper and lower interval.
4. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace (10) further comprises a plurality of cooling fins (15) which are arranged at intervals from one another on the outer wall of the smoke exhaust passage (14).
5. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the furnace wall is provided with a refractory castable built in a cone shape, and the inner wall of the furnace wall is covered with a refractory brick layer (17) built from the bottom to the top.
6. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace (10) further comprises a grate (16) arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber, the ventilation gap of the grate (16) being in communication with the primary air inlet and having a trapezoidal cross-section that narrows from bottom to top.
7. Hot blast stove, characterized in that: It comprises a furnace (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The hot blast stove according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hot blast furnace also includes a feeding system (30) and a first fan assembly (40), wherein the feeding system (30) includes a feeding pipe connected to the fuel inlet (11), and the pipe wall of the feeding pipe is provided with a pipe wall interface, and the first fan assembly (40) includes a first fan and a blowing air duct and an air supply air duct respectively connected to the air outlet end of the first fan, wherein the blowing air duct is connected to the pipe wall interface and can blow the fuel in the feeding pipe into the combustion chamber, and the air supply air duct is connected to the secondary air inlet (12).
9. The hot blast stove according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hot blast furnace further comprises a heat exchange tube and a second fan assembly (50); the combustion chamber, the smoke exhaust passage (14), the heat exchange tube and the second fan assembly (50) are connected in sequence; the second fan assembly (50) comprises a second fan capable of forming a negative pressure in the combustion chamber to introduce primary air from the primary air inlet.
10. Drying equipment, characterized in that, It comprises the hot blast stove according to any one of claims 7 to 9.