Orthogonal mode coupler
By setting frequency selection ridges and transition ridges in the orthogonal mode separation cavity of the orthogonal mode coupler, the problem of poor performance of broadband orthogonal mode coupler in the prior art is solved, and higher performance is achieved orthogonal mode coupler.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421148688.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing broadband orthogonal mode couplers are prone to generate high-order modes and resonate harmoniously when covering a wider frequency band, resulting in poor performance.
A quadrature mode coupler is designed to reduce the electrical performance of non-target frequency bands by setting two frequency selection ridges and two transition ridges in the orthogonal mode separation cavity, improve the electrical performance of the target frequency bands, and pass the transition ridges. Broaden bandwidth.
It realizes the performance of product while covering a wider frequency band, reduces high-order modes and resonates, and improves signal transmission performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN222483663U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to but are not limited to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an orthogonal mode coupler. Background Art
[0002] With the development of the fifth generation cellular mobile communication system, in order to expand the information capacity, the frequency used is developing towards high frequency, and the bandwidth is also significantly widened. At the same time, dual-band antennas will be used to achieve functional expansion. As a key polarization multiplexing device connected to the back end of the dual-polarization antenna, the orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is mainly used to synthesize or separate two orthogonal mode electromagnetic waves. It also needs to realize the frequency selection characteristics of specific dual bands. At the same time, in order to cover a wider frequency band, a broadband orthogonal mode coupler is often used to synthesize and separate signals. However, in the related technology, broadband orthogonal mode couplers are prone to generate high-order modes and cause resonance within the frequency band, and the performance is poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a higher performance orthogonal mode coupler that can cover a wider frequency band. Utility Model Content
[0003] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The present application provides an orthogonal mode coupler that can cover a wider frequency band while improving product performance.
[0004] The orthogonal mode coupler proposed in the embodiment of the present application includes:
[0005] The common port matches the cavity;
[0006] An orthogonal mode separation cavity, wherein the first end of the orthogonal mode separation cavity is connected to the end of the common port matching cavity; the second end of the orthogonal mode separation cavity is provided with a straight-through port and two side ports respectively located on both sides of the straight-through port; the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the orthogonal mode separation cavity are both provided with transition ridges; the left side wall and the right side wall of the orthogonal mode separation cavity are both provided with frequency selection ridges;
[0007] A power synthesis cavity, wherein a first end of the power synthesis cavity is in communication with the two side ports of the orthogonal mode separation cavity;
[0008] A mode matching cavity, wherein a first end of the mode matching cavity is communicated with a straight-through port of the orthogonal mode separation cavity.
[0009] Therefore, the above embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: by setting two frequency selection ridges and two transition ridges, the electrical performance of the selected target frequency band can be improved by reducing the electrical performance of the non-target frequency band. At this time, the performance of signal transmission in the target frequency band using the orthogonal mode coupler is better. The bandwidth can also be widened by the transition ridge to meet the coverage of a wider frequency band. Therefore, compared with the related art, the embodiment of the present application can cover a wider frequency band while improving product performance.
[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the orthogonal mode separation cavity is composed of a square main cavity and three branch cavities, the ports at the second ends of the three branch cavities are respectively the straight-through port and the two side ports, the first ends of the three branch cavities are connected to the second end of the square main cavity, the first end of the square main cavity is connected to the common port matching cavity, the two transition ridges are respectively arranged on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the square main cavity; the two frequency selection ridges are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the square main cavity.
[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the length of the frequency-selective ridge is one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low-frequency band selected for propagation in the TE10 mode in the square main cavity.
[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the width and depth of the frequency-selective ridge are both one tenth of the side length of the square main cavity.
[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, both the upper sidewall and the lower sidewall of the orthogonal mode separation cavity are embedded with a stepped structure to form the corresponding transition ridge, and one end of the transition ridge close to the common port matching cavity is higher than the other end of the transition ridge.
[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the upper sidewall and the lower sidewall of the orthogonal mode separation cavity are both embedded with inclined plane structures to form the corresponding transition ridge, and one end of the transition ridge close to the common port matching cavity is higher than the other end of the transition ridge.
[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the width of the transition ridge is 0.1 to 0.15 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low frequency band in the square main cavity, and the length of the transition ridge is one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low frequency band.
[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the pattern matching cavity includes two first matching cavities arranged horizontally and a second matching cavity arranged vertically, and the two ends of the second matching cavity are respectively connected to the two first matching cavities, and one end of one of the first matching cavities away from the second matching cavity is connected to the through port.
[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, a stepped surface is provided at a connection point between the second matching cavity and the two first matching cavities.
[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, two adjacent side walls of the frequency selective ridge are configured as arc chamfered surfaces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.
[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an orthogonal mode coupler provided by the present application;
[0021] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of an embodiment of an orthogonal mode coupler provided by the present application;
[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an orthogonal mode separation cavity in one embodiment of the orthogonal mode coupler provided in the present application;
[0023] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of an orthogonal mode coupler provided by the present application;
[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of local A is shown.
[0025] Reference numerals:
[0026] Common port matching cavity 100,
[0027] Orthogonal mode separation cavity 200, square main cavity 210, upper side wall 211, lower side wall 212, left side wall 213, right side wall 214, straight port 215, branch cavity 220, side port 221,
[0028] Transition ridge 310, frequency selection ridge 320, arc chamfered surface 321,
[0029] Power synthesis cavity 400, combining cavity 410, conversion cavity 420,
[0030] The mode matching cavity 500 , the first matching cavity 510 , the second matching cavity 520 , and the stepped surface 521 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art belonging to the technical field of the present application. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if present) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and need not be used to describe a specific order or sequential order.
[0033] In addition, the described features, structures or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. In the following description, many specific details are provided to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present disclosure may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. may be adopted. In other cases, known methods, devices, implementations or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid blurring the various aspects of the present disclosure.
[0034] With the development of the fifth generation cellular mobile communication system, in order to expand the information capacity, the frequency used is developing towards high frequency, and the bandwidth is also significantly widened. At the same time, dual-band antennas will be used to achieve functional expansion. As a key polarization multiplexing device connected to the back end of the dual-polarization antenna, the orthogonal mode coupler (OMT) is mainly used to synthesize or separate two orthogonal mode electromagnetic waves. It also needs to realize the frequency selection characteristics of specific dual bands. In the prior art, orthogonal mode couplers usually include branch-type orthogonal mode couplers and broadband orthogonal mode couplers; among them, the bandwidth of the branch-type orthogonal mode coupler is relatively narrow, and it is impossible for a single device to cover all the required frequency bands. Therefore, in order to cover a wider frequency band, a broadband orthogonal mode coupler is often used to synthesize and separate signals. In the prior art, a broadband orthogonal mode coupler with a BOI FOT structure is usually used, but this broadband orthogonal mode coupler often requires the addition of a diaphragm to achieve performance adjustment; and the curve size and form of the diaphragm are too sensitive to the product performance parameters. As the frequency increases, the processing accuracy requirements become higher and higher, which further increases the processing difficulty. The installation of the diaphragm is also prone to problems such as poor grounding. Therefore, in the prior art, broadband orthogonal mode couplers are prone to generate high-order modes and cause resonance within the frequency band, and the performance is poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a higher-performance orthogonal mode coupler that can cover a wider frequency band. Based on this, the embodiment of the present application proposes an orthogonal mode coupler that can improve product performance while covering a wider frequency band.
[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, according to the orthogonal mode coupler proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the orthogonal mode coupler includes:
[0036] The common port matches the cavity 100;
[0037] An orthogonal mode separation cavity 200, wherein the first end of the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 is connected to the end of the common port matching cavity 100; the second end of the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 is provided with a through port 215 and two side ports 221 respectively located on both sides of the through port 215; the upper side wall 211 and the lower side wall 212 of the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 are both provided with a transition ridge 310; the left side wall 213 and the right side wall 214 of the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 are both provided with a frequency selection ridge 320;
[0038] A power synthesis cavity 400, wherein a first end of the power synthesis cavity 400 is in communication with two side ports 221 of the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200;
[0039] The mode matching cavity 500 has a first end that is in communication with the through port 215 of the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 .
[0040] Therefore, by setting two frequency selection ridges 320 and two transition ridges 310, the electrical performance of the selected target frequency band can be improved by reducing the electrical performance of the non-target frequency band. At this time, the performance of signal transmission in the target frequency band using the orthogonal mode coupler is better. The bandwidth can also be widened by the transition ridge 310 to meet the coverage of a wider frequency band. Therefore, compared with the related art, the embodiment of the present application can cover a wider frequency band while improving product performance.
[0041] It should be noted that by adding the frequency-selective ridge 320 and the transition ridge 310, better standing waves and cross-polarization isolation can be achieved within the required frequency band, and the influence of the higher-order modes that may be generated by the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 on the performance of the entire product can be suppressed by controlling the waveguide size of the orthogonal mode separation cavity connecting the V-polarization and H-polarization cavities.
[0042] It should be noted that the common port matching cavity 100 and the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 jointly receive waves of two polarization directions (V polarization and H polarization) transmitted from the antenna end; the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 converts the received degenerate mode of TE11 (i.e., vertical polarization TE11 mode and horizontal polarization TE11 mode) into the main transmission mode (i.e., TE01 mode and TE10 mode), wherein the V polarization is converted into the TE10 mode and output through the straight port 215; the H polarization is converted into the TE01 mode and output through the two side ports 221, the power synthesis cavity 400 combines the TE01 modes transmitted from the two side ports 221 into one output to form an H polarization end, and the mode matching cavity 500 is used to transition the TE10 mode output from the straight port 215 to the standard rectangular port output. The common port matching cavity 100 is used to achieve the matching between the orthogonal mode separation cavity and the antenna port.
[0043] Exemplarily, assuming that the frequency band range of the signal entering the orthogonal mode coupler is 7.1GHz to 11.7GHz, but the low frequency band of the actually transmitted signal is 7.1GHz to 8.5GHz; the high frequency band is 10.1GHz to 11.7GHz; then through the frequency selection ridge 320, the electrical performance of the low frequency band (7.1GHz to 8.5GHz) and the high frequency band (10.1GHz to 11.7GHz) can be improved by sacrificing part of the electrical performance of the unnecessary intermediate frequency band of 8.5GHz to 10.1GHz, wherein the low frequency band (7.1GHz to 8.5GHz) and the high frequency band (10.1GHz to 11.7GHz) are the target frequency bands, and the low frequency band (7.1GHz to 8.5GHz) is the target low frequency band.
[0044] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the power synthesis cavity 400 includes a combining cavity 410 and two conversion cavities 420, the two conversion cavities 420 are connected to the two side ports 221 in a one-to-one correspondence, the combining cavity 410 is connected to one end of the two conversion cavities 420 away from the side ports 221, at this time, the signals output from the two side ports 221 are respectively added in the combining cavity 410 after passing through the two conversion cavities 420. In some embodiments, a cut angle is set at the turning point of the two conversion cavities 420 to achieve better matching.
[0045] It is understandable that if Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 is composed of a square main cavity 210 and three branch cavities 220, the ports at the second ends of the three branch cavities 220 are respectively a straight port 215 and two side ports 221, the first ends of the three branch cavities 220 are connected to the second end of the square main cavity 210, the first end of the square main cavity 210 is connected to the common port matching cavity 100, the two transition ridges 310 are respectively arranged on the upper side wall 211 and the lower side wall 212 of the square main cavity 210; the two frequency selection ridges 320 are respectively arranged on the left side wall 213 and the right side wall 214 of the square main cavity 210.
[0046] It should be noted that, since only the selected frequency band needs to be processed, the frequency selective ridges 320 can be set in the square main cavity 210 without extending to the power synthesis cavity 400. The frequency selective ridges 320 are shorter and easier to process.
[0047] It can be understood that the length of the frequency-selective ridge 320 is one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low-frequency band selected for propagation in the TE10 mode within the square main cavity 210 .
[0048] It should be noted that according to the formula of rectangular waveguide wavelength Setting the length of the frequency-selective ridge to one-quarter the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low-frequency band can further improve performance. g represents the wavelength of the signal at the center frequency of the target low frequency band transmitted in the square main cavity, and λ represents the wavelength of the signal at the center frequency of the target low frequency band transmitted in the air. a and b represent the length and width of the rectangular waveguide, and m and n are the subscripts of the waveguide propagation mode. Since the four sides of the square main cavity are equal in length, the length can be selected according to the above formula.
[0049] It can be understood that the width and depth of the frequency selective ridge 320 are both one tenth of the side length of the square main cavity 210 .
[0050] Exemplarily, assuming that the side length of the square main cavity 210 is a, the width of the frequency selective ridge 320 is a / 10; the depth of the frequency selective ridge 320 is a / 10.
[0051] It is understandable that if Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, both the upper sidewall 211 and the lower sidewall 212 of the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 are embedded with step structures to form a corresponding transition ridge 310 , and one end of the transition ridge 310 close to the common port matching cavity 100 is higher than the other end of the transition ridge 310 .
[0052] It should be noted that, by gradually increasing the step-wise transformation from the through port 215 to the common port in the direction of the matching cavity 100 , the V polarization can be well matched and transitioned to the square main cavity 210 .
[0053] It is understandable that both the upper sidewall 211 and the lower sidewall 212 of the orthogonal mode separation cavity 200 are embedded with inclined plane structures to form a corresponding transition ridge 310 , and one end of the transition ridge 310 close to the common port matching cavity 100 is higher than the other end of the transition ridge 310 .
[0054] It should be noted that the V polarization can be well matched and transitioned to the square main cavity 210 by changing the slope from the through port 215 to the common port in the direction of the matching cavity 100 .
[0055] It should be noted that those skilled in the art may select one of the transition ridges 310 to have a stepped structure and one to have an inclined plane structure according to actual needs. In other embodiments, both may be set to a stepped structure or both may be set to an inclined plane structure.
[0056] It should be noted that if Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the transition ridge 310 and the frequency selection ridge 320 are both concavely arranged.
[0057] It is understandable that the width of the transition ridge 310 is 0.1 to 0.15 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low frequency band in the square main cavity 210 , and the length of the transition ridge 310 is one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low frequency band.
[0058] For example, the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low frequency band is , and the width of the transition ridge 310 is 0.1 to 0.5. The length of the transition ridge 310 is 0.25.
[0059] It should be noted that the height of the transition ridge 310 can be determined according to actual impedance matching, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The height represents the depth of the transition ridge 310 concave in the vertical direction relative to the corresponding upper sidewall 211 or lower sidewall 212.
[0060] It is understandable that if Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the pattern matching cavity 500 includes two first matching cavities 510 arranged horizontally and a second matching cavity 520 arranged vertically. Both ends of the second matching cavity 520 are respectively connected to the two first matching cavities 510 , and one end of one of the first matching cavities 510 away from the second matching cavity 520 is connected to the through port 215 .
[0061] It is understandable that if Figure 4 As shown, a step structure is provided at the connection points between the second matching cavity 520 and the two first matching cavities 510 .
[0062] It is understandable that if Figure 5As shown, two adjacent side walls of the frequency selective ridge 320 are configured as arc chamfered surfaces 321 .
[0063] It should be noted that since the frequency-selective ridge 320 and the transition ridge 310 are both machined by mechanical processing, by setting the two side walls of the frequency-selective ridge 320 as arc chamfered surfaces 321, the orthogonal mode coupler can be cut into two pieces for separate processing during processing. During assembly, only one layer of screws needs to be laid out, and the sealing after assembly is better. At this time, the probability of high-frequency signal leakage can be effectively reduced.
[0064] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation mode. Technical personnel familiar with the field can also make various equivalent deformations or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present application. These equivalent deformations or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. An orthogonal mode coupler, characterized in that: include: The common port matches the cavity; An orthogonal mode separation cavity, wherein the first end of the orthogonal mode separation cavity is connected to the end of the common port matching cavity; the second end of the orthogonal mode separation cavity is provided with a straight-through port and two side ports respectively located on both sides of the straight-through port; the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the orthogonal mode separation cavity are both provided with transition ridges; the left side wall and the right side wall of the orthogonal mode separation cavity are both provided with frequency selection ridges; A power synthesis cavity, wherein a first end of the power synthesis cavity is connected to the two side ports of the orthogonal mode separation cavity; A mode matching cavity, wherein a first end of the mode matching cavity is communicated with a straight-through port of the orthogonal mode separation cavity.
2. The orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orthogonal mode separation cavity is composed of a square main cavity and three branch cavities, the ports at the second ends of the three branch cavities are respectively the straight-through port and the two side ports, the first ends of the three branch cavities are connected to the second end of the square main cavity, the first end of the square main cavity is connected to the common port matching cavity, the two transition ridges are respectively arranged on the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the square main cavity; the two frequency selection ridges are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the square main cavity.
3. The orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the frequency-selective ridge is one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low-frequency band selected for propagation in the TE10 mode in the square main cavity.
4. The orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The width and depth of the frequency-selective ridge are both one tenth of the side length of the square main cavity.
5. The orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side wall and the lower side wall of the orthogonal mode separation cavity are both embedded with a step structure to form the corresponding transition ridge, and one end of the transition ridge close to the common port matching cavity is higher than the other end of the transition ridge.
6. The orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper sidewall and the lower sidewall of the orthogonal mode separation cavity are both embedded with inclined plane structures to form the corresponding transition ridge, and one end of the transition ridge close to the common port matching cavity is higher than the other end of the transition ridge.
7. The orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the transition ridge is 0.1 to 0.15 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low frequency band in the square main cavity, and the length of the transition ridge is one quarter of the wavelength of the center frequency of the target low frequency band.
8. The orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pattern matching cavity includes two first matching cavities arranged horizontally and a second matching cavity arranged vertically, both ends of the second matching cavity are respectively connected to the two first matching cavities, and one end of one of the first matching cavities away from the second matching cavity is connected to the through port.
9. The orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 8, characterized in that: A step surface is provided at a connection point between the second matching cavity and the two first matching cavities.
10. The orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two adjacent side walls of the frequency-selective ridge are configured as arc chamfered surfaces.