Fuse with improved wiring terminal and electric automobile with fuse

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fuse with an improved wiring terminal and an electric automobile with the fuse, and the fuse comprises a fuse main body which comprises a fusion tube and a melt extending in the fusion tube along the axial direction; the pair of wiring terminals are respectively arranged at two axial ends of the fusion tube and are connected with two axial ends of the fuse body, so that the fuse body is mechanically and electrically connected to an external circuit through the pair of wiring terminals; wherein each wiring terminal comprises an end cover for closing the inner periphery of the axial end part of the fusion tube and a wiring part fixed to the axial outer side of the end cover, and the end cover of each wiring terminal is of a composite structure formed by compounding a connecting part made of aluminum and a conductive layer arranged on the axial inner surface of the connecting part and made of copper; the wiring part of each wiring terminal is fixed to the axial outer side of the connecting part and is made of aluminum alloy; wherein the axial outer side of the connecting part of the end cover of each wiring terminal is provided with a connecting groove; and the wiring portion is configured to be inserted into and connected to the connection groove of the corresponding connection portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of circuit protection devices for electric power or electric vehicles, in particular to a fuse with improved wiring terminals and an electric vehicle with the fuse. Background Art

[0002] With the intensification of the global energy crisis and the increasing severity of environmental pollution, electric vehicles have been rapidly developed due to their advantages such as zero emissions, high efficiency and low noise. Electric vehicles are powered by power batteries, and then the power is distributed to various electrical devices through the electronic control system to drive the vehicle with an electric motor. In order to protect the safe operation of electric vehicles, fuses must be installed in the vehicle circuit of electric vehicles to protect the entire vehicle from short circuits or overloads. However, the wiring terminals of fuses in the prior art are usually made of the same conductive material as the fuse, such as copper, but this will cause the fuse to be heavy and costly, making it difficult to apply to the demanding field of electric vehicles.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need in the art for a fuse that is lighter in weight, lower in cost, safer and more reliable. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a fuse with improved wiring terminals which can at least solve part of the above problems.

[0005] The utility model also aims to provide an electric vehicle using the improved fuse.

[0006] According to one aspect of the utility model, a fuse with improved terminal blocks is provided, the fuse comprising: a fuse body, comprising a fuse tube and a fuse extending axially in the fuse tube; a pair of terminal blocks, which are respectively arranged at the axial ends of the fuse tube and connected to the axial ends of the fuse, so that the fuse is mechanically and electrically connected to an external circuit via the pair of terminal blocks; wherein each terminal block comprises an end cap closing the inner periphery of the axial end of the fuse tube and a terminal block fixed to the axial outer side of the end cap, and the end cap of each terminal block is a composite structure composed of a connecting portion made of aluminum and a conductive layer arranged on the axial inner surface of the connecting portion and made of copper, and the terminal block of each terminal block is fixed to the axial outer side of the connecting portion and is made of aluminum alloy; wherein a connecting groove is provided on the axial outer side of the connecting portion of the end cap of each terminal block; and the end of the terminal block of each terminal block adjacent to the corresponding connecting portion is configured to be inserted into the connecting groove of the corresponding connecting portion and connected thereto; the thickness of the conductive layer along the axial direction is 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm or 0.8 mm.

[0007] Compared with the structure using a single metal material in the prior art, the end cover of the fuse terminal in the utility model adopts a composite structure composed of a connection part made of aluminum and a conductive layer made of copper, thereby reducing costs and simplifying the assembly process, and can reduce the overall weight of the fuse while providing the required electrical and mechanical properties. In addition, the terminal is made of aluminum alloy and fixed to the aluminum connection part of the composite structure composed of the copper conductive layer and the aluminum connection part, which can not only further reduce the overall weight of the fuse and provide sufficient mechanical properties to prevent the terminal from creeping under the action of external forces during long-term use, but also facilitate operators to form a connection between the aluminum slot and the aluminum alloy connection part.

[0008] Preferably, the connection portion of the end cover of each wiring terminal is pinned to the axial end of the melting tube and is located axially inside the axial end of the melting tube.

[0009] Preferably, the connecting part is made of aluminum 1060 or aluminum 1070.

[0010] Preferably, the connection portion and the conductive layer are metallurgically bonded to each other.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the conductive layer along the axial direction is 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the connecting portion along the axial direction is 6 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the wiring part is made of aluminum alloy 6061, aluminum alloy 6063 or aluminum alloy 6082.

[0013] Preferably, the connection portion of each connection terminal is configured as a blade contact.

[0014] According to another aspect of the utility model, an electric vehicle is provided, comprising the aforementioned fuse with improved terminal.

[0015] Some of the other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after reading this application, and the other parts will be described in the following specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of a fuse with an improved terminal according to the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is an exploded view of a terminal block of a fuse with an improved terminal block according to the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3It is a side view of a connection terminal of a fuse with an improved connection terminal according to the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the terminal block shown is taken along line AA.

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 100-fuse; 10-fuse body; 11-fusible tube; 20-connection terminal; 21-end cover; 211-connection part; 211a-connection groove; 211b-sand filling hole; 212-conductive layer; 22-connection part; 30-pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Now, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a schematic scheme of a fuse with improved terminal blocks disclosed in the utility model is described in detail. Although the accompanying drawings are provided to present some embodiments of the utility model, the accompanying drawings do not have to be drawn according to the dimensions of the specific embodiments, and certain features may be enlarged, removed or partially cut to better illustrate and explain the disclosure of the utility model. Some components in the accompanying drawings may be adjusted in position according to actual needs without affecting the technical effect. The phrase "in the accompanying drawings" or similar terms appearing in the specification do not necessarily refer to all drawings or examples.

[0024] Certain directional terms used to describe the drawings below, such as "inside", "outside", "above", "below" and other directional terms, will be understood to have their normal meanings and refer to those directions involved when the drawings are normally viewed. Unless otherwise specified, the directional terms described in this specification are basically in accordance with the conventional directions understood by those skilled in the art.

[0025] The terms "first", "first", "second", "second" and the like used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are used to distinguish one component from other components.

[0026] The terms "joining", "connection" and the like as used in the present invention include both that two components are indirectly connected together by means of an intermediate layer such as an adhesive, a welding agent, etc. or an intermediate piece such as a connector, a transition piece, etc., and that two components are directly connected together without the aid of any intermediate layer such as an adhesive, a welding agent, etc. or an intermediate piece such as a connector, a transition piece, etc.

[0027] Figures 1 to 4The fuse 100 with improved terminal blocks of the present invention is shown by way of example, and the fuse 100 has the same mechanical and electrical properties as the fuse 100 in the prior art while having lower density and cost. As shown in the figure, the fuse 100 may include a fuse body 10 and a pair of terminal blocks 20 .

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the fuse body 10 may include a melting tube 11 and a melt extending axially in the melting tube 11. The melting tube 11 may be constructed as a cylindrical structure made of insulating materials such as plastic, and the melt may be made of conductive materials such as copper or silver and extend axially in the melting tube 11, so that a pair of connecting terminals 20 respectively mounted on the axial ends of the melting tube 11 can be connected to the corresponding axial ends of the melt while closing the corresponding axial ends of the melting tube 11 respectively. In this way, when the pair of connecting terminals 20 are mechanically and electrically connected to the protected circuit in the electric vehicle, the melt can be connected in series with the protected circuit via the pair of connecting terminals 20, thereby protecting the protected circuit. The connecting terminal 20 may also be provided with a sand filling hole 211b that penetrates in the axial direction, so as to fill the arc extinguishing sand into the melting tube 11 through the sand filling hole 211b and cover the melt. The sand filling hole 211b on the connecting terminal 20 can be sealed with a sealing plug after the arc extinguishing sand is filled.

[0029] Combination Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the terminal block 20 may include an end cap 21 and a wiring portion 22, wherein the end cap 21 is configured to close the axial end of the melting tube 11, and the wiring portion 22 is arranged on the axial outer side of the end cap 21 to be connected to an external circuit. Specifically, the end cap 21 may include a connecting portion 211 embedded in the inner periphery of the axial end of the melting tube 11 and a conductive layer 212 bonded to the axial inner surface of the connecting portion 211. The connecting portion 211 may be designed as a circular plate structure having a substantially constant thickness in the axial direction, and the conductive layer 212 may completely cover the axial inner surface of the connecting portion 211, so that the conductive layer 212 is connected to the melt.

[0030] Among them, the conductive layer 212 of the end cap 21 is made of copper and the connecting portion 211 is made of aluminum. Copper has a higher conductivity and aluminum has a lower density. Therefore, when the conductive layer 212 is bonded to the connecting portion 211, the composite-molded end cap 21 can reduce the overall weight of the fuse 100 while having electrical properties and mechanical properties that meet the requirements of the conductive material of the fuse 100, such as having the required conductivity, thermal conductivity, tensile strength and elongation, so that the fuse 100 in this embodiment can be better applied to electric vehicles. It should be understood that the "aluminum" described herein refers to pure aluminum with an aluminum content of more than 99%. The wiring portion 22 arranged on the axial outside of the connecting portion 211 will be subjected to a certain force and torque when connected to the external circuit. Therefore, in order to avoid creep of the terminal 20 due to insufficient mechanical properties during use, the wiring portion 22 is made of an aluminum alloy having better mechanical properties than aluminum.

[0031] Furthermore, considering that the connection portion 211 of the end cover 21 of the terminal 20 is made of aluminum and has relatively high toughness and relatively low strength and hardness, a partial area of ​​the axial outer side of the connection portion 211 can be opened to form a connection groove 211a. As a result, the connection portion 22 of the terminal 20 made of aluminum alloy can be inserted into the connection groove 211a of the connection portion 211 in a simple manner and connected thereto, because the connection between the aluminum alloy structure and the aluminum structure is simple and familiar to the operator, and a reliable connection can be formed between the connection portion 22 and the connection portion 211. Exemplarily, the connection portion 22 of the terminal 20 can be configured as a blade-shaped contact suitable for being inserted into the connection groove 211a.

[0032] Further, the peripheral side of the connection portion 211 may be provided with a connection hole to allow the pin 30 to pass through the melting tube 11 and connect to the connection portion 211, thereby fixing the terminal 20 to the melting tube 11. In order to further improve the reliability of the connection portion 211, the connection portion 211 may be arranged on the inner side of the corresponding axial end of the melting tube 11 without protruding from the corresponding axial end of the melting tube 11.

[0033] Optionally, the connection portion 211 made of aluminum may have good electrical conductivity. Exemplarily, the connection portion 211 may be made of aluminum 1060 or aluminum 1070, the volume conductivity of aluminum 1060 at 20 degrees Celsius is about 61.2% IACS, and the volume conductivity of aluminum 1070 at 20 degrees Celsius is about 62% IACS. In addition, the connection portion 211 made of aluminum may have a hardness relatively close to that of the conductive layer 212 made of copper, thereby allowing the connection portion 211 and the conductive layer 212 to be metallurgically bonded to each other, which can have a larger range of connection areas compared to the copper layer and the aluminum layer directly welded to each other, and a thicker (such as several micrometers, tens of micrometers or hundreds of micrometers) transition layer may be formed between the connection portion 211 and the conductive layer 212 to further improve the connection strength between the two, thereby improving the connection reliability between the connection portion 211 and the conductive layer 212.

[0034] Exemplarily, the aluminum material is melted into liquid aluminum and poured onto the surface of solid copper at a desired pouring temperature, the copper and aluminum fuse and the two metal atoms diffuse and react to form an intermetallic compound, and then the liquid aluminum and solid copper are cooled to form an aluminum layer and a copper layer metallurgically bonded to each other. Subsequently, the aluminum layer and the copper layer metallurgically bonded to each other are subjected to heat treatment and machining to obtain a composite-molded end cap 21. The above-mentioned composite process is usually completed in a factory, so the operator does not need to implement the above process at the assembly site, but only needs to realize the connection between the composite end cap 21 and the wiring portion 22, thereby greatly improving the convenience of assembly.

[0035] Optionally, the thickness of the conductive layer 212 along the axial direction may be 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm or 0.8 mm, which allows the copper busbar commercially available in the art to be used to process the conductive layer 212 during the manufacturing process of the end cap 21. Preferably, the thickness of the conductive layer 212 along the axial direction may be 0.5 mm, and the thickness of the connecting portion 211 along the axial direction may be 6 mm. Experiments have verified that this thickness can reduce the cost while enabling the end cap 21 to have the desired electrical and mechanical properties.

[0036] Optionally, the wiring portion 22 may be made of a magnesium-aluminum alloy, such as aluminum alloy 6061, aluminum alloy 6063, or aluminum alloy 6082. Aluminum alloy 6061, aluminum alloy 6063, or aluminum alloy 6082 all have a relatively low density, thereby effectively reducing the weight of the fuse 100 in this embodiment. In addition, the magnesium-aluminum alloy may have a tensile strength of about 290-310 MPa, such as aluminum alloy 6061, or a tensile strength of about 290 MPa, such as aluminum alloy 6063.

[0037] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0038] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes, modifications and combinations made by any technician in the field without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuse (100) with an improved terminal block, characterized in that: The fuse (100) comprises: A fuse body (10) comprising a fuse tube (11) and a fuse extending axially in the fuse tube (11); A pair of connecting terminals (20) are respectively arranged at two axial ends of the melting tube (11) and connected to two axial ends of the melting element, so that the melting element is mechanically and electrically connected to an external circuit via the pair of connecting terminals (20); Each of the wiring terminals (20) comprises an end cover (21) closing the inner periphery of the axial end of the melting tube (11) and a wiring portion (22) fixed to the axial outer side of the end cover (21), and the end cover (21) of each of the wiring terminals (20) is a composite structure composed of a connecting portion (211) made of aluminum and a conductive layer (212) arranged on the axial inner surface of the connecting portion (211) and made of copper, and the wiring portion (22) of each of the wiring terminals (20) is fixed to the axial outer side of the connecting portion (211) and is made of aluminum alloy; Wherein, a connection groove (211a) is provided on the axial outer side of the connection portion (211) of the end cover (21) of each connection terminal (20); and The end of the connection portion (22) of each connection terminal (20) adjacent to the corresponding connection portion (211) is configured to be inserted into a connection groove (211a) of the corresponding connection portion (211) and connected thereto; The conductive layer (212) has an axial thickness of 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm or 0.8 mm.

2. The fuse (100) with improved terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting portion (211) of the end cover (21) of each connecting terminal (20) is pinned to the axial end of the melting tube (11) and is axially located inside the axial end of the melting tube (11).

3. The fuse (100) with improved terminal according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The connecting portion (211) is made of aluminum 1060 or aluminum 1070.

4. The fuse (100) with improved terminal according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection portion (211) and the conductive layer (212) are metallurgically bonded to each other.

5. The fuse (100) with improved terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive layer (212) has an axial thickness of 0.5 millimeters, and the connecting portion (211) has an axial thickness of 6 millimeters.

6. The fuse (100) with improved terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection portion (22) is made of aluminum alloy 6061, aluminum alloy 6063, or aluminum alloy 6082.

7. The fuse (100) with improved terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting portion (22) of each connecting terminal (20) is configured as a blade contact.

8. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle comprises a fuse (100) having an improved terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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