Biomass burner

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of combustors, and particularly relates to a biomass combustor which comprises a rack, a combustion disc assembly, a feeding mechanism and an air supply mechanism. The combustion disc assembly comprises a shell, a rotary drum and a rotary drum driving mechanism; a combustion chamber is arranged in the rotary drum, and an annular cavity is formed between the shell and the rotary drum; first air distribution holes are formed in the wall surface of the rotary drum and are communicated with the annular cavity; a plurality of material raising devices are arranged on the inner wall of the rotary drum; the rack is provided with an air chamber, a first air inlet hole and a second air inlet hole; the air chamber communicates with the annular cavity and the combustion chamber through the first air inlet hole and the second air inlet hole correspondingly. The material raising device is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary drum and rotates along with the rotary drum, so that fuel is raised. Therefore, the fuel can be dispersed, and the mixing effect of the fuel and the air is enhanced. And meanwhile, in the continuous raising and falling process of the fuel, collision can occur, so that ash wrapping the surface of the fuel falls off. These measures improve the combustion efficiency of the biomass burner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of burners, and in particular relates to a biomass burner. Background Art

[0002] Biomass burner is a thermal energy device that uses biomass as fuel. This device can efficiently convert biomass energy into thermal energy and is widely used in agriculture, industry, civil and other fields, providing users with a stable and reliable heat source.

[0003] The basic structure of a biomass burner includes a combustion chamber, a fuel supply system, an ignition system, an air supply system, etc. Among them, the combustion chamber is the main place for fuel combustion and is well designed to ensure efficient combustion. The fuel supply system ensures a continuous and stable supply of biomass pellet fuel through a hopper and a feeding device. The ignition system is equipped with an electronic igniter to ignite the biomass fuel and start the combustion process. The air supply system provides the necessary air for combustion to ensure sufficient combustion. The working principle of a biomass burner is to feed biomass pellets into the combustion chamber through an automatic feeding device, and the ignition system ignites and maintains combustion with the support of sufficient air, thereby continuously generating heat energy.

[0004] At present, the mainstream biomass burners mainly use biomass pellet fuel. This fuel is processed from solid biomass raw materials and has the advantages of high density, high calorific value, and long burning time. Therefore, it is widely used in biomass burners. Biomass pellet fuel is not only easy to store and transport, but also can provide a more stable combustion effect during use, reduce pollutant emissions, and meet environmental protection requirements. When existing biomass burners process biomass pellet fuel, due to the large fuel particles, the contact area between the fuel and the air is reduced, thereby affecting the full progress of the combustion reaction; at the same time, the ash (inorganic matter or impurities) that is not completely burned during the fuel combustion process, these ash-wrapped particles will hinder the effective contact between the fuel and the air, thereby further reducing the combustion efficiency.

[0005] CN207112781U discloses a biomass burner with a spoiler, which drives the fuel to burn in a certain tumbling movement through the rotation of the combustion inner cylinder, so that the combustion is complete. However, the driving effect of the fuel by the combustion inner cylinder alone is insufficient, and the effect of this method is limited for the technical problems of insufficient mixing of large particle fuel and air and insufficient combustion caused by ash encapsulating the fuel. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a biomass burner, which lifts the fuel by a lifter arranged on the inner wall of the drum, thereby strengthening the mixing of the fuel and the air and causing the ash wrapped on the surface of the fuel to fall off, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of the biomass burner.

[0007] The utility model embodiment discloses a biomass burner, comprising a frame, a combustion disc assembly, a feeding mechanism and an air supply mechanism;

[0008] The combustion disk assembly comprises a shell, a rotating drum and a rotating drum driving mechanism; the shell is fixedly connected to the frame, the rotating drum is rotatably mounted on the frame and is located inside the shell, a combustion chamber is arranged inside the rotating drum, and an annular cavity is arranged between the shell and the rotating drum; the rotating drum driving mechanism is used to drive the rotating drum to rotate; a first air distribution hole is arranged on the wall surface of the rotating drum, and the first air distribution hole is connected to the annular cavity; a plurality of material lifters are arranged on the inner wall of the rotating drum;

[0009] The frame is provided with an air chamber, a first air inlet hole and a second air inlet hole; the first air inlet hole is located at the rear end of the shell, the air chamber is connected with the annular cavity through the first air inlet hole; the air chamber is connected with the combustion chamber through the second air inlet hole;

[0010] The feeding mechanism is connected to the combustion chamber, and the feeding mechanism is used to input fuel into the combustion chamber;

[0011] The air supply mechanism is connected to the air chamber, and is used to input air into the air chamber.

[0012] By means of the above technical solution, the utility model has at least the following advantages: by arranging a lifting device on the inner wall of the drum, the lifting device rotates with the drum, thereby lifting the fuel. This not only disperses the fuel, but also enhances its mixing effect with the air. At the same time, during the continuous lifting and falling of the fuel, collisions occur, thereby causing the ash wrapped on the surface of the fuel to fall off. These measures improve the combustion efficiency of the biomass burner.

[0013] Preferably, the utility model embodiment also discloses that at least part of the first air distribution holes are directed toward the material lifter. With this technical solution, the air entering the combustion chamber through at least part of the first air distribution holes is sprayed toward the material lifter, which can enhance the dispersion effect of the fuel.

[0014] Preferably, the embodiment of the utility model further discloses that a cavity is provided inside the feeder, and the cavity is connected to the annular cavity; a second air distribution hole is provided on the surface of the feeder, and the second air distribution hole is connected to the cavity. With this technical solution, the air entering the combustion chamber through the second air distribution hole acts on the fuel on the feeder, thereby enhancing the dispersion effect of the fuel; the second air distribution hole can also cool the feeder to prevent the feeder from being deformed by high temperature.

[0015] Preferably, the utility model embodiment also discloses that the material lifters are provided in multiple groups at intervals along the axial direction of the drum, and the second air distribution holes on the material lifters of adjacent groups are oriented in opposite directions. With this technical solution, the drum drive mechanism drives the drum to rotate back and forth during operation, and the material lifters of adjacent groups alternately lift the fuel in opposite directions. Compared with the method of continuous rotation of the drum throughout a whole circle, by constantly changing the rotation direction of the drum, the interaction between the material lifters and the fuel can be enhanced, which helps to disperse the fuel particles more evenly and break the ash wrapping of the fuel; it can also change the air flow pattern in the combustion chamber, thereby creating aerodynamic conditions that are more conducive to combustion.

[0016] Preferably, the utility model embodiment also discloses that the material lifter is arranged in the lower half of the drum, and the opening rate of the first air distribution holes in the lower half of the drum is greater than the opening rate of the first air distribution holes in the upper half of the drum. With this technical solution, the drum drive mechanism drives the drum to make a reciprocating non-full-circle rotation during operation, so it is only necessary to arrange the material lifter in the lower half of the drum. The air input into the combustion chamber through the first air distribution holes in the lower half of the drum is mainly used to support combustion, and needs to be arranged more densely; the air input into the combustion chamber through the first air distribution holes in the upper half of the drum is mainly used to cool the outer shell and the drum, and can be arranged more sparsely.

[0017] Preferably, the embodiment of the utility model further discloses that the front end of the shell is provided with air outlets, and the air outlets are evenly distributed along the same circumferential direction. With this technical solution, the air entering the annular cavity flows out through the air outlets, which can effectively cool the entire shell and the drum, thereby preventing the shell and the drum from being deformed by high temperature.

[0018] Preferably, the utility model embodiment also discloses that the inner wall of the drum is a regular polygon. With this technical solution, compared with a circular drum, a regular polygonal drum can spread the fuel more evenly, thereby increasing the contact opportunity between the fuel and the air and improving the combustion efficiency.

[0019] Preferably, the embodiment of the utility model also discloses that the feeding mechanism includes a hopper and an auger mounted on a frame, the lower end of the hopper is connected to the feeding end of the auger, and the discharging end of the auger is connected to the rotating drum.

[0020] Preferably, the utility model embodiment also discloses that the drum driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a gear, an inner gear ring, a turntable and a support wheel; the inner gear ring, the turntable and the drum are coaxially fixedly connected; the motor is mounted on the frame and connected to the gear, and the gear is meshed with the inner gear ring; the support wheel is rotatably mounted on the frame, and at least four support wheels are evenly distributed along the same circumferential direction, and the outer cylindrical surface of the support wheel is in contact with the outer cylindrical surface of the turntable.

[0021] Preferably, the embodiment of the utility model also discloses that the shell, the drum and the material lifter are all made of heat-resistant stainless steel. Compared with refractory bricks, heat-resistant stainless steel is light in weight, easy to maintain, and has a fast cooling speed when the furnace is shut down. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a stereoscopic image of the biomass burner in Example 1 from a first viewing angle.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a stereoscopic image of the biomass burner in Example 1 from a second viewing angle.

[0024] Figure 3 This is the main cross-sectional view of the biomass burner in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 4 For along Figure 3 Sectional view along AA direction.

[0026] Figure 5 For along Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the BB axis.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material lifting device of Example 2.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the material lifter in Example 2.

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drum in Example 3.

[0030] Fig. 9 This is the main cross-sectional view of the biomass burner in Example 3.

[0031] Wherein: 1-frame, 2-housing, 3-drum, 4-combustion chamber, 5-annular cavity, 6-first air distribution hole, 7-lifting device, 8-wind chamber, 9-first air inlet hole, 10-second air inlet hole, 11-cavity, 12-second air distribution hole, 13-air outlet, 14-hopper, 15-auger, 16-drive motor, 17-gear, 18-inner gear ring, 19-turntable, 20-support wheel, 21-fan, 22-igniter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following embodiments are further explanations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the present invention, "front end" and "rear end" only represent relative positions.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Figure 1 to Figure 5 Embodiment 1 of the present utility model is shown.

[0035] A biomass burner comprises a frame 1, a combustion disc assembly, a feeding mechanism, an air supply mechanism and an igniter 22.

[0036] The combustion disc assembly comprises a housing 2, a drum 3 and a drum driving mechanism.

[0037] The drum 3 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, and the drum driving mechanism is used to drive the drum 3 to rotate. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the drum driving mechanism includes a driving motor 16, a gear 17, an inner gear ring 18, a rotating disk 19 and a supporting wheel 20. The inner gear ring 18, the rotating disk 19 and the drum 3 are coaxially fixedly connected. The motor 16 is mounted on the frame 1 and connected to the gear 17, and the gear 17 is meshed with the inner gear ring 18. The supporting wheel 20 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, and four supporting wheels 20 are evenly distributed along the same circumferential direction, and the outer circumferential surface of the supporting wheel 20 contacts the outer circumferential surface of the rotating disk 19.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the housing 2 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the housing 2 is cylindrical. The drum 3 is located inside the housing 2, and the inner wall of the drum 3 is a regular polygon, and a regular dodecagon is used in this embodiment. Compared with a circular drum, a regular polygonal drum can spread the fuel more evenly, thereby increasing the contact opportunity between the fuel and the air and improving the combustion efficiency.

[0039] A combustion chamber 4 is provided inside the rotating drum 3, and an annular cavity 5 is provided between the outer shell 2 and the rotating drum 3. First air distribution holes 6 are evenly distributed on the wall surface of the rotating drum 3, and the first air distribution holes 6 are connected to the annular cavity 5.

[0040] The frame 1 is provided with an air chamber 8, a first air inlet hole 9, and a second air inlet hole 10. The first air inlet hole 9 is located at the rear end of the housing 2, and the air chamber 8 is connected to the annular cavity 5 through the first air inlet hole 9. The second air inlet hole 10 is located at the rear end of the drum 3, and the air chamber 8 is connected to the combustion chamber 4 through the second air inlet hole 10.

[0041] The feeding mechanism is connected to the combustion chamber 4, and is used to feed fuel into the combustion chamber 4. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the feeding mechanism includes a hopper 14 and an auger 15 mounted on the frame 1 , the lower end of the hopper 14 is connected to the feeding end of the auger 15 , and the discharging end of the auger 15 is connected to the drum 3 .

[0042] The air supply mechanism is connected to the air chamber 8 and is used to input air into the air chamber 8 . In this embodiment, the air supply mechanism is a fan 21 .

[0043] The igniter 22 is mounted on the frame 1, and its ignition end is located inside the combustion chamber 4 for starting ignition.

[0044] A plurality of material lifters 7 are provided on the inner wall of the rotating drum 3. Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The material lifter 7 is plate-shaped, with its outer end fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drum 3 and extending toward the inside of the drum 3, and its inner end bent. Multiple groups of material lifters 7 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drum 3, and twelve material lifters 7 in the same group are evenly distributed along the same circumferential direction.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, at least part of the first air distribution holes 6 face the material lifter 7 , and the air entering the combustion chamber through these first air distribution holes 6 can be sprayed toward the corresponding material lifter 7 .

[0046] The shell 2, the drum 3 and the material lifter 7 are all made of heat-resistant stainless steel. Compared with refractory bricks, heat-resistant stainless steel is light in weight, easy to maintain and has a fast cooling speed when the furnace is shut down.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the front end of the housing 2 is provided with air outlets 13, and the air outlets 13 are evenly distributed along the same circumferential direction. The air entering the annular cavity 5 flows out through the air outlets 13, which can effectively cool the entire housing 2 and the drum 3, thereby preventing the housing 2 and the drum 3 from being deformed by high temperature.

[0048] The working principle of the biomass burner of this embodiment is as follows: the biomass fuel is placed in the hopper 14, and the auger 15 continuously inputs the material in the hopper 14 into the combustion chamber 4. The igniter 22 is started to ignite the fuel. The fan 21 inputs air into the wind chamber 8, and the air in the wind chamber 8 enters the annular cavity 5 and the combustion chamber 4 through the first air inlet hole 9 and the second air inlet hole 10 respectively. The air entering the annular cavity 5 enters the combustion chamber through the first air distribution hole 6, and participates in the combustion together with the air entering the combustion chamber 4 through the second air inlet hole 10. At the same time, the drum drive mechanism drives the drum 3 to rotate, and the lifter rotates with the drum 3, thereby lifting the fuel. This not only disperses the fuel, but also enhances its mixing effect with the air. At the same time, in the process of continuous lifting and falling of the fuel, collisions will occur, causing the ash wrapped on the surface of the fuel to fall off. These measures improve the combustion efficiency of the biomass burner.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Figure 6 , Figure 7 Embodiment 2 of the present utility model is shown.

[0051] The difference from the first embodiment is that the material lifter in the present embodiment has a cavity 11 inside, and the cavity 11 is connected to the annular cavity 5. The surface of the material lifter 7 has a second air distribution hole 12, and the second air distribution hole 12 is connected to the cavity 11.

[0052] The air entering the combustion chamber 4 through the second air distribution holes 12 acts on the fuel on the feeder 7, thereby enhancing the dispersion effect of the fuel; the second air distribution holes 12 can also cool the feeder 7 to prevent the feeder 7 from being deformed due to high temperature.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] Figure 8 , Fig. 9 Embodiment 3 of the present utility model is shown.

[0055] The difference from the second embodiment is that the material lifters 7 in the present embodiment are provided with multiple groups at intervals along the axial direction of the drum 3, see Figure 8 In the partial enlarged view of the middle part II, the second air distribution holes 12 on the adjacent groups of the lifting device 7 are oriented in opposite directions. The lifting device 7 is arranged at the lower part of the rotating drum 3, and the opening rate of the first air distribution holes 6 at the lower part of the rotating drum 3 is greater than the opening rate of the first air distribution holes 6 at the upper part of the rotating drum 3.

[0056] In this embodiment, the drum driving mechanism drives the drum 3 to perform reciprocating non-full-circle rotation during operation, so it is only necessary to set a material lifter at the lower half of the drum 3. The air input into the combustion chamber 4 through the first air distribution holes 6 at the lower half of the drum 3 is mainly used for combustion support, and needs to be arranged more densely; the air input into the combustion chamber 4 through the first air distribution holes 6 at the upper half of the drum 3 is mainly used for cooling the outer shell 2 and the drum 3, and can be arranged more sparsely.

[0057] Adjacent groups of lifters 7 alternately lift the fuel in opposite directions. Compared with the method of rotating drum 3 continuously rotating for a whole circle in Example 2, by continuously changing the rotation direction of rotating drum 3, the interaction between lifters 7 and fuel can be enhanced, which helps to disperse fuel particles more evenly and break the ash wrapping of fuel; it can also change the air flow pattern in combustion chamber 4, thereby creating aerodynamic conditions more conducive to combustion.

Claims

1. A biomass burner, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1), a combustion disc assembly, a feeding mechanism and an air supply mechanism; The combustion disk assembly comprises an outer shell (2), a rotating drum (3) and a rotating drum driving mechanism; the outer shell (2) is fixedly connected to a frame (1); the rotating drum (3) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1) and is located inside the outer shell (2); a combustion chamber (4) is provided inside the rotating drum (3); an annular cavity (5) is provided between the outer shell (2) and the rotating drum (3); the rotating drum driving mechanism is used to drive the rotating drum (3) to rotate; a first air distribution hole (6) is provided on the wall surface of the rotating drum (3), and the first air distribution hole (6) is connected to the annular cavity (5); a plurality of material lifters (7) are provided on the inner wall of the rotating drum (3); The frame (1) is provided with an air chamber (8), a first air inlet hole (9) and a second air inlet hole (10); the first air inlet hole (9) is located at the rear end of the housing (2); the air chamber (8) is connected to the annular cavity (5) through the first air inlet hole (9); the air chamber (8) is connected to the combustion chamber (4) through the second air inlet hole (10); The feed mechanism is connected to the combustion chamber (4), and is used to feed fuel into the combustion chamber (4); The air supply mechanism is connected to the air chamber (8), and is used to input air into the air chamber (8).

2. The biomass burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least part of the first air distribution holes (6) are facing the material lifter (7).

3. The biomass burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cavity (11) is provided inside the material lifter, and the cavity (11) is communicated with the annular cavity (5); a second air distribution hole (12) is provided on the surface of the material lifter (7), and the second air distribution hole (12) is communicated with the cavity (11).

4. The biomass burner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material lifters (7) are provided in a plurality of groups at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating drum (3), and the second air distribution holes (12) on the material lifters (7) of adjacent groups are oriented in opposite directions.

5. The biomass burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material lifter (7) is arranged at the lower half of the rotating drum (3), and the opening rate of the first air distribution holes (6) in the lower half of the rotating drum (3) is greater than the opening rate of the first air distribution holes (6) in the upper half of the rotating drum (3).

6. The biomass burner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The front end of the housing (2) is provided with air outlets (13), and the air outlets (13) are evenly distributed along the same circumferential direction.

7. The biomass burner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the rotating drum (3) is in the shape of a regular polygon.

8. The biomass burner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism comprises a hopper (14) and an auger (15) mounted on a frame (1); the lower end of the hopper (14) is connected to the feeding end of the auger (15); and the discharging end of the auger (15) is connected to the rotating drum (3).

9. The biomass burner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The drum driving mechanism comprises a driving motor (16), a gear (17), an inner gear ring (18), a rotating disk (19) and a supporting wheel (20); the inner gear ring (18), the rotating disk (19) and the drum (3) are coaxially fixedly connected; the motor (16) is mounted on the frame (1) and connected to the gear (17), and the gear (17) is meshed with the inner gear ring (18); the supporting wheel (20) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1), and at least four supporting wheels (20) are evenly distributed along the same circumferential direction, and the outer circumferential surface of the supporting wheel (20) is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating disk (19).

10. The biomass burner according to claim 8, characterized in that: The housing (2), the rotating drum (3) and the material lifter (7) are all made of heat-resistant stainless steel.

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