Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic system
By designing a parallel connected battery cell and a series connected battery string, and setting a diode between adjacent battery cells, the series connection of the battery cells is achieved by using the combination of short and long bus bars, the problems of high cost and low efficiency caused by the many bus bars in existing photovoltaic modules are solved, and an efficient and economical photovoltaic module design is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421306720.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing photovoltaic modules use more bus bars, resulting in high module costs and intermediate bus bars occupy the module area, reducing conversion efficiency.
A photovoltaic module is designed in which the battery cell is composed of two battery strings connected in parallel. The battery string is connected in series by several battery cells, and two adjacent battery cells are connected in parallel with a diode. The series connection of the battery cells is realized through the combination of short and long bus bars, reducing the use of intermediate bus bars.
It realizes an efficient battery module, with a simple and reliable structure, reduces component costs, reduces the area where components are blocked, and improves component conversion efficiency.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar power generation, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic system. Background Art
[0002] Photovoltaic modules, also known as solar panels, are one of the core parts of photovoltaic power generation systems. They are mainly composed of photovoltaic cells, interconnecting bars, bus bars, photovoltaic glass, adhesive films, backplanes, aluminum frames, and junction boxes. Among them, photovoltaic cells are the core components of power generation, interconnecting bars are used to connect cells, bus bars are used to collect current, photovoltaic glass plays a role in protecting cells, adhesive films are used for insulation, moisture resistance, UV resistance and corrosion resistance, the backplane is located on the back of the module, and plays a role in protecting and supporting the cells, the aluminum frame is used to protect the module and facilitate installation, and the junction box is used to connect external circuits.
[0003] The existing photovoltaic modules are composed of 12 battery strings connected in series, with 6 battery strings laid on each side of the center line of the long side of the module. At the upper and lower ends of the module, 2 strings are welded in series, and 3 bus bars are welded on each side. Then 4 bus bars are placed along the center line of the module to connect the battery strings in series on the left and right sides in parallel to draw out the current. This method uses more bus bars, which increases the cost of the module, and the middle bus bar will occupy the module area, reducing the module conversion efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] The embodiments of the utility model provide a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system, aiming to solve the problems that the existing photovoltaic modules use more bus bars, resulting in high module costs, and the middle bus bars occupy the module area, resulting in low module conversion efficiency.
[0005] The utility model is implemented as follows: a photovoltaic module includes at least three battery cells connected in series, the battery cells include at least two battery strings connected in parallel, the battery string includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and a diode is connected in parallel between two adjacent battery cells.
[0006] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module is composed of a first battery unit, a second battery unit, and a third battery unit arranged in sequence and connected in series, each battery unit is composed of two battery strings connected in parallel, and a diode is connected in parallel between each of the first battery unit, the second battery unit, and the third battery unit.
[0007] Furthermore, the first battery cell and the third battery cell are independently connected in parallel by short bus bars at their opposite ends; and the second battery cell and the first battery cell and the third battery cell are respectively connected in series by long bus bars at their two ends, and the battery strings contained in the second battery cell are connected in parallel by the long bus bars.
[0008] Furthermore, the battery string includes 12 to 40 battery cells connected in series.
[0009] Furthermore, the cells in the battery string can be connected in series by stacking or welding;
[0010] Furthermore, the battery cell is a whole battery cell or a battery cell cut into multiple equal parts.
[0011] Furthermore, the distance between adjacent battery cells in the battery string is -4 to 2.5 mm.
[0012] Furthermore, the cell includes any one of a PERC cell, a TOPCon cell, a BC cell, a heterojunction cell, a perovskite cell or a stacked cell.
[0013] Furthermore, the diodes are respectively arranged in the junction boxes.
[0014] In a second aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic system, comprising the photovoltaic assembly as described above.
[0015] The beneficial effect of the present application lies in that the photovoltaic module of the present application includes at least three battery cells connected in series, the battery cell includes at least two battery strings connected in parallel, the battery string includes a number of battery cells connected in series, and a diode is connected in parallel between two adjacent battery cells. The battery cell is formed by connecting at least two battery strings in parallel, and then a bus bar is used at the end of the battery cell to connect at least three battery cells in series, and diodes are arranged at the corresponding ends of the battery cell to realize a high-efficiency battery module. The structure is simple and reliable, and there is no need to arrange a bus bar at the midline position of the module, which reduces the cost of the module, and can reduce the area blocked by the module, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a photovoltaic assembly provided by the present application;
[0017] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a photovoltaic assembly provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Examples of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the utility model, and cannot be understood as limiting the utility model. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.
[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.
[0020] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0021] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0022] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0023] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the utility model. In order to simplify the disclosure of the utility model, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the utility model. In addition, the utility model can repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed in itself. In addition, the utility model provides various specific examples of processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.
[0024] The photovoltaic module of the present application includes at least three battery cells connected in series, and the battery cell includes at least two battery strings connected in parallel. The battery string includes a number of battery cells connected in series, and a diode is connected in parallel between two adjacent battery cells. The battery cell is formed by connecting at least two battery strings in parallel, and then a bus bar is used at the end of the battery cell to connect at least three battery cells in series. A high-efficiency battery module is realized by arranging diodes at the corresponding ends of the battery cell. The structure is simple and reliable, and there is no need to arrange a bus bar at the midline position of the module, which reduces the cost of the module, reduces the area blocked by the module, and improves the conversion efficiency of the module.
[0025] Embodiment 1
[0026] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic component, including at least three battery cells connected in series, the battery cells include at least two battery strings connected in parallel, the battery string includes several battery cells connected in series, and a diode is connected in parallel between two adjacent battery cells.
[0027] In practice, the photovoltaic module provided by the present application is composed of at least three battery cells connected in series, wherein a battery cell refers to a whole composed of at least two battery strings connected in parallel, that is, each battery cell includes at least two battery strings connected in series.
[0028] Optionally, each battery string is composed of a number of battery cells connected in series, that is, the battery string can be regarded as a series body composed of a number of battery cells connected in series.
[0029] In some embodiments, taking the battery string arranged in a vertical row as an example, the battery cells in the battery string are arranged longitudinally, and the battery cells are connected in series into a whole through welding strips or bus bars, etc., to obtain a battery string.
[0030] When assembling a battery cell, at least two battery strings may be first arranged horizontally so that the top ends of the at least two battery strings are flush, and then the top ends of the at least two battery strings are connected by a bus bar. Furthermore, the bottom ends of the at least two battery strings are connected by a bus bar so that the at least two battery strings form a battery cell.
[0031] After at least three battery cells are formed, the battery cells are arranged neatly, for example, the battery cells are arranged longitudinally so that the positive and negative poles of the two battery cells are arranged close to each other, for example, the front battery cell and the rear battery cell are distributed in a vertical straight line, and the negative pole of the front battery cell is opposite to the positive pole of the rear battery cell. At this time, a bus bar can be set between the front battery cell and the rear battery cell, and the bus bar connects the negative pole of the front battery cell and is connected to the positive pole of the rear battery cell to realize the series connection of the battery cells.
[0032] The ends of the battery cells are connected by bus bars, so there is no need to set bus bars at the center line of the component, which reduces the use of bus bars in the middle part, reduces component costs, reduces the area of the component blocked by the bus bars, and improves the component conversion efficiency.
[0033] In some possible embodiments, at least three battery cells may also be arranged in a horizontal arrangement, and the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent battery cells may be arranged on the same side to facilitate the series connection of the battery cells. For example, the positive electrode of the first battery cell is on the top and the negative electrode is on the bottom, and the positive electrode of the second battery cell is on the bottom and the negative electrode is on the top. In this case, the bus bar may be arranged at the bottom of the battery cell, and the bus bar connects the negative electrode of the first battery cell and the positive electrode of the second battery cell to realize the series connection of the battery cells.
[0034] The photovoltaic module of the present application includes at least three battery cells connected in series, and the battery cell includes at least two battery strings connected in parallel. The battery string includes a number of battery cells connected in series, and a diode is connected in parallel between two adjacent battery cells. The battery cell is formed by connecting at least two battery strings in parallel, and then a bus bar is used at the end of the battery cell to connect at least three battery cells in series. A high-efficiency battery module is realized by arranging diodes at the corresponding ends of the battery cell. The structure is simple and reliable, and there is no need to arrange a bus bar at the midline position of the module, which reduces the cost of the module, reduces the area blocked by the module, and improves the conversion efficiency of the module.
[0035] In some optional embodiments, the photovoltaic module is composed of a first battery cell 100, a second battery cell 200, and a third battery cell 300 arranged in sequence and connected in series, the battery unit is composed of two battery strings connected in parallel, and a diode is connected in parallel between each of the first battery cell 100, the second battery cell 200 and the third battery cell 300.
[0036] In practice, the photovoltaic module provided by the present application is composed of three battery units, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first battery cell 100 and the second battery cell 200 are connected in series, and the second battery cell 200 and the third battery cell 300 are connected in series.
[0037] Optionally, the first battery cell 100 and the third battery cell 300 are independently connected in parallel by short bus bars at opposite ends thereof; while the second battery cell 200 and the first battery cell 100 and the third battery cell 300 are connected in series by long bus bars at both ends thereof, and the battery strings contained in the second battery cell 200 are connected in parallel by long bus bars. Specifically, each battery cell is composed of two battery strings connected in parallel, wherein the first ends of the two battery strings of the first battery cell 100 are connected by short bus bars, the second ends of the two battery strings of the first battery cell 100 are connected to the first ends of the two battery strings of the second battery cell 200 by long bus bars, the second ends of the two battery strings of the second battery cell 200 are connected to the first ends of the two battery strings of the third battery cell 300 by long bus bars, and the second ends of the two battery strings of the third battery cell 300 are connected by short bus bars, thereby realizing the series-parallel assembly of battery strings and battery cells.
[0038] In some possible embodiments, the battery cells and the battery strings are arranged horizontally, the first end of the battery string of the first battery cell 100, the second end of the battery string of the second battery cell 200, and the first end of the battery string of the third battery cell 300 are at the same height, and the second end of the battery string of the first battery cell 100, the first end of the battery string of the second battery cell 200, and the second end of the battery string of the third battery cell 300 are at the same height.
[0039] like Figure 2As shown, the first battery cell 100, the second battery cell 200 and the third battery cell 300 are arranged in a transverse direction, wherein the first end of the first battery cell 100, the second end of the second battery cell 200 and the first end of the third battery cell 300 are all at the top, and at the same time, the second end of the first battery cell 100, the first end of the second battery cell 200 and the second end of the third battery cell 300 are all at the bottom. In other words, the first end of the first battery cell 100 can be regarded as the top of the first battery cell 100, the second end of the second battery cell 200 can be regarded as the top of the second battery cell 200, and the first end of the third battery cell 300 can be regarded as the top of the third battery cell 300, and the top of the first battery cell 100, the top of the second battery cell 200 and the top of the third battery cell 300 are at the same level. Similarly, the second end of the first battery cell 100 can be regarded as the bottom of the first battery cell 100, the first end of the second battery cell 200 can be regarded as the bottom of the second battery cell 200, and the second end of the third battery cell 300 can be regarded as the bottom of the third battery cell 300. Moreover, the bottom of the first battery cell 100, the bottom of the second battery cell 200 and the bottom of the third battery cell 300 are at the same horizontal height to facilitate layout and assembly.
[0040] Each battery unit is composed of two battery strings connected in parallel, for example, Figure 1 As shown, the first battery unit 100 includes a first battery string 110 and a second battery string 120 , the second battery unit 200 includes a third battery string 210 and a fourth battery string 220 , and the third battery unit 300 includes a fifth battery string 310 and a sixth battery string 320 .
[0041] In some embodiments, the battery strings are arranged in a horizontal direction, that is, the first battery string 110, the second battery string 120, the third battery string 210, the fourth battery string 220, the fifth battery string 310 and the sixth battery string 320 are arranged in sequence in a horizontal direction, and each battery string is composed of a number of battery cells connected in series. For example, the battery string includes 12 to 40 battery cells connected in series, for example, the battery string is composed of 6, 12, 24, 36 and 38 battery cells connected in series, which is not limited. These battery cells are arranged vertically, that is, the battery string as a whole is a vertical long strip, and the tops of each battery string are flush, and the bottoms of each battery string are flush.
[0042] During assembly, the short bus bar refers to a bus bar that is shorter than the long bus bar, that is, the length of the short bus bar is less than the length of the long bus bar. During implementation, the lengths of the short bus bar and the long bus bar can be specifically set according to the battery string specifications and component specification parameters, and will not be described in detail.
[0043] The first end of the battery string can be a positive terminal or a negative terminal. For example, taking the first battery string 110 and the second battery string 120 as an example in which the positive pole is on the top, the negative pole of the first battery string 110 and the second battery string 120 is on the bottom, the positive pole of the third battery string 210 and the fourth battery string 220 is on the bottom, the negative pole of the third battery string 210 and the fourth battery string 220 is on the top, the positive pole of the fifth battery string 310 and the sixth battery string 320 is on the top, and the negative pole of the fifth battery string 310 and the sixth battery string 320 is on the bottom. During connection, the positive electrode of the first battery string 110 and the positive electrode of the second battery string 120 are first connected through a short bus bar 610, and then the negative electrode of the fifth battery string 310 and the negative electrode of the sixth battery string 320 are connected through a short bus bar 620, and then the negative electrode of the first battery string 110, the negative electrode of the second battery string 120, the positive electrode of the third battery string 210 and the positive electrode of the fourth battery string 220 are connected through a long bus bar 630, and then the negative electrode of the third battery string 210, the negative electrode of the fourth battery string 220, the positive electrode of the fifth battery string 310 and the positive electrode of the sixth battery string 320 are connected through a long bus bar 640.
[0044] A diode is provided corresponding to the first battery unit 100 and the second battery unit 200, and a diode is provided corresponding to the second battery unit 200 and the third battery unit 300, and the diodes are provided in the junction box respectively. Exemplarily, a first diode 400 is connected between the positive electrode of the first battery string 110 and the negative electrode of the third battery string 210, for example, the negative electrode of the third battery string 210 is connected to the anode of the first diode 400, and the positive electrode of the first battery string 110 is connected to the cathode of the first diode 400; a second diode 500 is connected between the positive electrode of the fourth battery string 220 and the negative electrode of the fifth battery string 310, for example, the negative electrode of the fifth battery string 310 is connected to the anode of the second diode 500, and the positive electrode of the fourth battery string 220 is connected to the cathode of the second diode 500.
[0045] Optionally, a battery string at any edge of the component is the first string or the last string, for example, the first battery string 110 is the first string, and the sixth battery string 320 is the last string, and the second battery string 120 and the third battery string 210, the fourth battery string 220 and the fifth battery string 310 use bus bars to lead out the current, and then stack, laminate and frame, and then install a junction box with diodes at the bus bar lead-out position and complete welding.
[0046] By designing the vertical battery string as above, the two battery strings of the battery cells on both sides are first connected by a short bus bar, and then the different parallel bodies are connected in series by a long bus bar, and diodes are set at the corresponding ends to realize a high-efficiency battery module with a simple and reliable structure.
[0047] In some optional embodiments, the battery cell can adopt any one of PERC (Passivated Emitter and RearCell, passivated emitter and back cell) battery, TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivating Contact, tunneling oxide passivating contact) battery, BC (Back Contact) battery, heterojunction battery, perovskite battery or stacked battery, without limitation.
[0048] In some optional embodiments, the distance between adjacent battery cells in the battery string is -4 to 2.5 mm, that is, the battery cell spacing can be designed to be positive or negative when the battery cells are connected in layout. Optionally, the battery cell is a whole battery cell or a battery cell cut into multiple equal parts, without limitation.
[0049] When the cell spacing is positive, the cells can be connected in series by ordinary string welding. When the cell spacing is negative, the cells in the string can be connected in series by shingling or stack welding.
[0050] For example, when the inter-cell spacing is positive, it means that two adjacent cells are separated by a preset distance, which may be 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm or 2 mm, etc., without limitation. Through the above settings, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is guaranteed, and thus the power generation efficiency of the component is guaranteed.
[0051] When the cell spacing is negative, it means that two adjacent cell sheets are at least partially overlapped, and the distance between adjacent cell sheets is very large. For example, when the distance between adjacent cell sheets is -4 mm, it means that the width of the overlapping part of adjacent cell sheets is 4 mm. Optionally, the width of the overlapping part of adjacent cell sheets can be 0.2 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm / 3 mm or 3.5 mm, etc., without limitation.
[0052] When welding cells to form a battery string, the stringer can be used for shingling or stacking connections. The series connection process can be conductive or non-conductive depending on the component manufacturing process. For example, when using the string welding process, the cells are connected to the battery string circuit through the welding ribbon, while when using the lamination welding process, the cells and welding ribbons are first laid out and placed. The circuit is not yet conductive during this process, and the circuit is not conductive until the lamination circuit is completed, so that the cells are partially overlapped, the gap between the cells is eliminated, the component packaging density is greatly improved, the layout is more compact, and the component space waste is reduced.
[0053] Embodiment 2
[0054] In some optional embodiments, the present application provides a photovoltaic system, including the photovoltaic component as described above.
[0055] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the structure and implementation principle of the photovoltaic system described above can refer to the corresponding structure and implementation principle in the aforementioned embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
[0056] The photovoltaic module of the present application includes at least three battery cells connected in series, and the battery cell includes at least two battery strings connected in parallel. The battery string includes a number of battery cells connected in series, and a diode is connected in parallel between two adjacent battery cells. The battery cell is formed by connecting at least two battery strings in parallel, and then a bus bar is used at the end of the battery cell to connect at least three battery cells in series. A high-efficiency battery module is realized by arranging diodes at the corresponding ends of the battery cell. The structure is simple and reliable, and there is no need to arrange a bus bar at the midline position of the module, which reduces the cost of the module, reduces the area blocked by the module, and improves the conversion efficiency of the module.
[0057] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It comprises at least three battery cells connected in series, wherein the battery cells comprise at least two battery strings connected in parallel, wherein the battery strings comprise a plurality of battery sheets connected in series, and a diode is connected in parallel to two adjacent battery cells.
2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module is composed of a first battery unit, a second battery unit, and a third battery unit arranged in sequence and connected in series. Each battery unit is composed of two battery strings connected in parallel. A diode is connected in parallel between each of the first battery unit, the second battery unit, and the third battery unit.
3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first battery cell and the third battery cell are independently connected in parallel by short bus bars at their opposite ends; the second battery cell and the first battery cell and the third battery cell are respectively connected in series by long bus bars at their two ends, and the battery strings contained in the second battery cell are connected in parallel by the long bus bars.
4. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The battery string includes 12 to 40 battery cells connected in series.
5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery cells in the battery string can be connected in series by means of shingling or stack welding.
6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery cell is a whole battery cell or a battery cell cut into multiple equal parts.
7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between adjacent battery cells in the battery string is -4 to 2.5 mm.
8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cell comprises any one of a PERC cell, a TOPCon cell, a BC cell, a heterojunction cell, a perovskite cell or a stacked cell.
9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The diodes are respectively arranged in the junction boxes.
10. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: The invention comprises the photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.