Soil covering and film mulching device and farming planter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil covering and film mulching device and a farming planter, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural automatic planting, the soil covering and film mulching device comprises a first soil covering part and a film mulching assembly, the film mulching assembly and the first soil covering part are both installed on a moving mechanism, and the film mulching assembly is arranged at the rear end of the first soil covering part; the first soil covering part is provided with a bulldozing groove and a notch, and the notch is far away from the bottom of the first soil covering part and communicates with the bulldozing groove. The first soil covering part moves forwards through the moving mechanism to push the loosened soil on the field ridge, the loosened soil is accumulated in the soil pushing groove, and when the first soil covering part passes through the position near the planting hole, the first soil covering part pokes the loosened soil near the planting hole into the planting hole, and soil covering burying is achieved; and redundant loosened soil in the bulldozing groove is scattered from the notch, so that the volume of the loosened soil in the bulldozing groove is reduced, the moving resistance of the first soil covering part is reduced, and the problem that an existing soil covering and film mulching device is large in resistance during moving is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural automated planting, in particular to a soil covering and film covering device and a farming seeder. Background Art

[0002] Film covering technology is widely used in the field of crop cultivation. By covering the land with film, crops can obtain appropriate moisture and suitable temperature for growth. In recent years, film covering technology has been widely used in the planting process of dryland crops, becoming an important technical means for dryland crops to resist drought, retain moisture and increase yield. With the development of science and technology, soil covering and film covering machines have begun to appear and replace manpower for surface film covering.

[0003] The commonly available soil covering and film covering machines on the market all cover and fix the ground film with soil covering rollers and soil gathering wheels. Before covering the film, the seeds in the sowing hole need to be covered with soil; the existing soil covering method uses a baffle driven by a moving mechanism to move the soil into the planting hole. However, in the above method, the baffle has a large resistance when moving during the soil covering process, thereby increasing the power consumption of the moving mechanism. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to improve the problem of large resistance of the existing soil covering and film covering device when it moves, and provides a soil covering and film covering device and an agricultural seeder.

[0005] The technical solutions to achieve the above objectives include the following:

[0006] A soil covering and film covering device comprises a support frame, a first soil covering piece, and a film covering assembly, wherein the film covering assembly and the first soil covering piece are both mounted on the support frame, and the film covering assembly is arranged at the rear end of the first soil covering piece; the first soil covering piece has a bulldozer groove and a notch, wherein the notch is arranged away from the bottom of the first soil covering piece, and the notch is connected to the bulldozer groove.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first covering member includes a first bulldozer blade, a second bulldozer blade, and a third bulldozer blade, the second bulldozer blade and the third bulldozer blade are respectively installed on both sides of the first bulldozer blade, a bulldozer groove is formed between the inner sides of the first bulldozer blade, the second bulldozer blade, and the third bulldozer blade, and the notch is opened on the first bulldozer blade, the second bulldozer blade, or the third bulldozer blade.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first covering member further comprises a fourth bulldozer blade, which is mounted on the top of the first bulldozer blade and arranged close to the notch. An end of the fourth bulldozer blade away from the first bulldozer blade comprises a spur.

[0009] In one embodiment, the coating assembly includes a supporting structure, a moving assembly, and a transport assembly. The moving assembly and the transport assembly are both installed at the bottom of the supporting structure, and the transport assembly is rotatably matched with the supporting structure. The transport assembly is used to transport the plastic film.

[0010] In one embodiment, the transport assembly includes a first roller and two first support rods, the two ends of the first roller are respectively installed at the bottom of the two first support rods, the first roller is rotatably matched with the first support rod, and the tops of the two first support rods are installed on the support structure.

[0011] In one embodiment, the transport assembly also includes a second roller and two second support rods, the two ends of the second roller are respectively installed at the bottom of the two second support rods, the second roller is rotatably matched with the second support rods, and the tops of the two second support rods are installed on the supporting structure; the first roller and the second roller are arranged at a relative interval, and the height of the first roller is higher than the height of the second roller.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the transport assembly also includes two second soil-covering pieces, which are respectively installed on both sides of the supporting structure, and the first roller, the second roller and the second soil-covering piece are arranged in sequence at an interval at the bottom of the supporting structure; the second soil-covering piece includes a soil-covering plate and a third support rod, the soil-covering plate is installed at the bottom of the third support rod, and the top of the third support rod is installed on the supporting structure.

[0013] In one embodiment, the soil covering plate is in a funnel-shaped structure, and the soil covering plate forms an inwardly concave soil accumulation groove.

[0014] In one embodiment, the movable assembly includes a connecting shaft, two fourth support rods, and two movable wheels. The two movable wheels are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting shaft, the first ends of the two fourth support rods are both sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft and the fourth support rods are rotatably matched, and the second ends of the two fourth support rods are installed on the supporting structure.

[0015] The utility model also provides an agricultural seeder, comprising a sowing mechanism and the soil covering and film covering device as described above, wherein the sowing mechanism is installed on the moving mechanism, and the sowing mechanism is arranged at the front end of the first soil covering member.

[0016] The technical solution provided by the utility model has the following advantages and effects:

[0017] By setting the film covering component at the rear end of the first soil covering piece, the first soil covering piece is used to bury the seeds in the planting hole, and the buried field ridges are covered with film through the film covering component. After covering, the evaporation of soil moisture and the loss of plant moisture can be effectively reduced, so that the moisture in the plant root zone can be retained, and the drought resistance of crops can be improved. In the operation of covering and burying, the first soil covering piece has a bulldozer groove. The first soil covering piece moves forward to push the loose soil on the field ridge, and the loose soil accumulates in the bulldozer groove. When the first soil covering piece passes near the planting hole, the first soil covering piece moves the loose soil attached to the planting hole into the planting hole to achieve soil covering and burying; and when the excess loose soil in the bulldozer groove is scattered from the gap, the loose soil volume in the bulldozer groove is reduced. After the loose soil volume in the bulldozer groove is reduced, the movement resistance of the first soil covering piece is reduced, thereby improving the problem of large resistance when the existing soil covering and film covering device moves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings herein show specific examples of the technical solutions described in the present utility model, and together with the specific implementation methods constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the technical solutions, principles and effects of the present utility model.

[0019] Unless otherwise specified or defined, the same reference numerals in different drawings represent the same or similar technical features, and the same or similar technical features may also be represented by different reference numerals.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an agricultural seeder in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first covering member in an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first covering member in an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a film covering component in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a film covering component in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 6 In one embodiment of the utility model Figure 5 A local enlarged view of point A;

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 100. Agricultural seeder; 1. Support frame; 2. Moving mechanism; 3. First covering piece; 31. First bulldozer plate; 32. Second bulldozer plate; 33. Third bulldozer plate; 34. Notch; 35. Fourth bulldozer plate; 351. Protrusion; 36. Bulldozer groove; 4. Film covering assembly; 41. Support structure; 42. First roller; 421. First support rod; 43. Plastic film; 44. Second covering piece; 441. Third support rod; 442. Covering plate; 4421. Soil accumulation groove; 45. Moving assembly; 451. Moving wheel; 452. Fourth support rod; 453. Connecting shaft; 46. Second roller; 461. Second support rod; 5. Seeding mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified or defined, the "first, second..." used in this article is merely used to distinguish names and does not represent a specific quantity or order.

[0030] Unless specifically stated or defined otherwise, the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly fixed to the other component or there can be a central component; when an component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there can be a central component at the same time; when an component is considered to be "installed on" another component, it can be directly installed on the other component or there can be a central component at the same time. When an component is considered to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or there can be a central component at the same time.

[0032] In order to solve the problem that the existing soil covering and film covering device has large resistance when moving. Figures 1 to 3As shown, a soil covering and film covering device includes a first soil covering member 3 and a film covering assembly 4. The film covering assembly 4 and the first soil covering member 3 are both installed on a mobile mechanism 2. The specific structure of the mobile mechanism 2 can refer to Chinese patent application number CN201810372078.4, which discloses an automatic corn planter, which will not be described here one by one. The film covering assembly 4 is arranged at the rear end of the first soil covering member 3; the first soil covering member 3 has a bulldozer groove 36 and a notch 34, the notch 34 is arranged away from the bottom of the first soil covering member 3, and the notch 34 is connected to the bulldozer groove 36. By arranging the film covering assembly 4 at the rear end of the first soil covering member 3, the first soil covering member 3 is used to bury the seeds in the planting hole, and the buried field ridges are covered with film by the film covering assembly 4. After covering, the evaporation of soil moisture and the loss of plant moisture can be effectively reduced, so that the moisture in the root zone of the plant can be retained, and the drought resistance of the crop can be improved. During the soil covering and burying operation, the first soil covering member 3 has a bulldozer groove 36. The first soil covering member 3 moves forward through the moving mechanism 2 to push the loose soil on the ridge, and the loose soil is accumulated in the bulldozer groove 36. When the first soil covering member 3 passes near the planting hole, the first soil covering member 3 moves the loose soil near the planting hole into the planting hole to achieve soil covering and burying. The excess loose soil in the bulldozer groove 36 will fall out from the notch 34, reducing the volume of the loose soil in the bulldozer groove 36. After the volume of the loose soil in the bulldozer groove 36 is reduced, the moving resistance of the first soil covering member 3 is reduced, thereby improving the problem of large resistance of the existing soil covering and film covering device when it moves.

[0033] In order to make the first covering member 3 bury and level the planting hole. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first covering member 3 includes a first bulldozer blade 31, a second bulldozer blade 32, and a third bulldozer blade 33. The second bulldozer blade 32 and the third bulldozer blade 33 are respectively installed on both sides of the first bulldozer blade 31. A bulldozer groove 36 is formed between the inner sides of the first bulldozer blade 31, the second bulldozer blade 32, and the third bulldozer blade 33. A notch 34 is provided on the first bulldozer blade 31, the second bulldozer blade 32, or the third bulldozer blade 33. When the field ridge is being ditched, soil will be accumulated on both sides of the ditch after the ditching machine digs the field ridge. The second bulldozer blade 32 and the third bulldozer blade 33 are used to push the soil on both sides of the ditch so that the soil on both sides of the ditch is accumulated in the bulldozer groove 36. As the bulldozer groove 36 moves, the soil in the bulldozer groove 36 falls into the ditch. The first bulldozer blade 31 is used to level the soil in the ditch (planting hole); the excess soil in the bulldozer groove 36 is discharged from the notch 34.

[0034] In order to prevent larger soil blocks from accumulating in the bulldozer groove 36. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the first covering member 3 also has a fourth bulldozer blade 35, which is installed on the top of the first bulldozer blade 31 and is arranged close to the notch 34. The end of the fourth bulldozer blade 35 away from the first bulldozer blade 31 has a spur 351. The fourth bulldozer blade 35 is used to block the top of the bulldozer groove 36, so that more soil can be accumulated in the bulldozer groove 36; and when the first covering member 3 encounters a larger soil block, the spur 351 on the fourth bulldozer blade 35 will cut or crush the soil block, so that the soil block will fall, and the larger soil block will be prevented from falling into the planting hole, so as to prevent the larger soil block from affecting the root breathing and growth: the looser soil block is used to bury the planting hole, and the loose soil can make the soil loose, and the air in the soil gap will increase, which is beneficial to the breathing of the roots and promotes the growth of the roots.

[0035] In order to realize the film covering operation on the field ridges. Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the film coating component 4 includes a support structure 41, a moving component 45, and a transport component. The support structure 41 is installed on the moving mechanism 2. The moving component 45 and the transport component are both installed at the bottom of the support structure 41, and the transport component and the support structure 41 are rotatably matched. The support structure 41 is used to support the transport component to transport the plastic film 43. The plastic film 43 can be wrapped around the transport component, and the transport component and the support structure 41 are rotatably matched. When coating, the plastic film 43 is fixed to one end of the ridge, and then the moving mechanism 2 drives the support structure 41 to move, and the transport component on the support structure 41 is rotated by the plastic film 43, so that the position where the transport component passes can be covered by the plastic film 43, so as to realize the film coating operation on the ridge. Moreover, the moving component 45 is used to support the movement of the support structure 41 to reduce the resistance of the support structure 41 when it moves.

[0036] In order to facilitate the film covering component 4 to cover the field ridges. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the transport assembly includes a first roller 42 and two first support rods 421. The two ends of the first roller 42 are respectively installed at the bottom of the two first support rods 421. The first roller 42 and the first support rods 421 are rotatably matched, and the tops of the two first support rods 421 are installed on the support structure 41. The plastic film 43 is used to be wound on the first roller 42. After being wound, the plastic film 43 has a cylindrical structure. In this way, the first roller 42 can transport a large amount of plastic film 43 at one time; the two first support rods 421 are used to support the two ends of the first roller 42 to improve the stability of the first roller 42 under the support structure 41; when one end of the plastic film 43 is fixed, the support structure 41 drives the first roller 42 to move, so that the places where the first roller 42 passes are covered by the plastic film 43, which improves the convenience of the film covering assembly 4 for covering the field ridges.

[0037] In order to avoid wind interference with the film covering operation of the film covering assembly 4. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the transport assembly further includes a second roller 46 and two second support rods 461. The two ends of the second roller 46 are respectively mounted on the bottom of the two second support rods 461. The second roller 46 and the second support rods 461 are rotatably matched. The tops of the two second support rods 461 are both mounted on the support structure 41. The first roller 42 and the second roller 46 are arranged with a relative interval, and the height of the first roller 42 is higher than that of the second roller 46. During the film covering by the transport assembly, the plastic film 43 is unfolded from the first roller 42. Since the height of the first roller 42 is higher than that of the second roller 46, the unfolded plastic film 43 is restricted by the second roller 46. The second roller 46 is set to be slightly higher than the field ridge, so that the unfolded plastic film 43 contacts the field ridge. After the plastic film 43 contacts the field ridge, it is easily bonded by the moist soil, so that the plastic film 43 covers the field ridge. Since the plastic film 43 is light in weight, if the unfolded plastic film 43 is not bonded to the field ridge, the plastic film 43 is easily blown up by the wind, affecting the subsequent covering and fixing of the plastic film 43 with soil; therefore, the second roller 46 can prevent the unfolded plastic film 43 from being disturbed by wind, so that the coating assembly 4 can adapt to outdoor environment operation.

[0038] In order to improve the stability of the plastic film 43 on the ridges. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the transport assembly further includes two second soil covering members 44, which are respectively installed on both sides of the support structure 41, and the first roller 42, the second roller 46, and the second soil covering member 44 are sequentially arranged at intervals at the bottom of the support structure 41; the second soil covering member 44 includes a soil covering plate 442 and a third support rod 441, and the soil covering plate 442 is installed at the bottom of the third support rod 441, and the top of the third support rod 441 is installed on the support structure 41. The two second soil covering members 44 are respectively arranged on both sides of the support structure 41, and after the first roller 42 unfolds the plastic film 43, the second roller 46 covers the plastic film 43 on the field ridge. The second soil covering member 44 is used to push the soil on both sides of the field ridge when moving, so that the soil on both sides of the field ridge moves to both sides of the plastic film 43, and fixes both sides of the plastic film 43, thereby improving the stability of the plastic film 43 on the field ridge.

[0039] In order to facilitate the second covering member 44 to push the soil to move. Figure 6 As shown, the covering plate 442 is a funnel-shaped structure, and the covering plate 442 forms an inwardly concave soil accumulation groove 4421. When the covering plate 442 moves, the covering plate 442 accumulates loose soil in the soil accumulation groove 4421. During the movement of the covering plate 442, the excess loose soil slides from the soil accumulation groove 4421 to both sides of the plastic film 43, so that the second covering member 44 pushes the soil to move.

[0040] In order to reduce the resistance of the support structure 41 when it moves. Figure 5 As shown, the moving assembly 45 includes a connecting shaft 453, two fourth support rods 452, and two moving wheels 451. The two moving wheels 451 are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting shaft 453. The first ends of the two fourth support rods 452 are sleeved outside the connecting shaft 453, and the connecting shaft 453 and the fourth support rods 452 are rotationally matched. The second ends of the two fourth support rods 452 are installed on the support structure 41. The connecting shaft 453 is supported by two fourth support rods 452, and the connecting shaft 453 and the fourth support rods 452 are rotationally matched, so that the two moving wheels 451 can be rotated through the connecting shaft 453. The moving wheels 451 are used to roll with the field ridges. The friction resistance of the rolling fit is small, which reduces the resistance of the support structure 41 when moving.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model also proposes an agricultural seeder 100, comprising a sowing mechanism 5, a support frame 1, and a soil covering and film covering device as described above, wherein the sowing mechanism 5 and the soil covering and film covering device are both mounted on the support frame 1, the support frame 1 is mounted on the moving mechanism 2, and the sowing mechanism 5 is arranged at the front end of the first soil covering member 3. The soil covering and film covering device is applied to the agricultural seeder 100, and after the sowing mechanism 5 completes sowing, the soil covering and film covering device is used to cover the seeds with soil, and then the film is applied on the ridges, so as to realize the automatic soil covering and film covering operation of the agricultural seeder 100, and improve the tillage efficiency of the agricultural seeder 100.

[0042] When quoting drawing descriptions, new features that appear are described; in order to avoid repeated quotations of drawings resulting in less concise descriptions, features that have been described clearly will not be quoted in the drawings one by one.

[0043] The purpose of the above embodiments is to exemplarily reproduce and deduce the technical solution of the utility model, and to fully describe the technical solution, purpose and effect of the utility model. Its purpose is to make the public understand the disclosed content of the utility model more thoroughly and comprehensively, and it does not limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0044] The above embodiments are not exhaustive enumerations based on the present invention, and there may be multiple other implementations not listed. Any replacement and improvement made without violating the concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil and film covering device, characterized in that: It includes a support frame, a first covering piece, and a film covering assembly. The film covering assembly and the first covering piece are both installed on the support frame, and the film covering assembly is arranged at the rear end of the first covering piece; the first covering piece has a bulldozer groove and a notch, the notch is arranged away from the bottom of the first covering piece, and the notch is connected to the bulldozer groove.

2. The soil and film covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first covering member includes a first bulldozer blade, a second bulldozer blade, and a third bulldozer blade. The second bulldozer blade and the third bulldozer blade are respectively installed on both sides of the first bulldozer blade. The bulldozer groove is formed between the inner sides of the first bulldozer blade, the second bulldozer blade, and the third bulldozer blade. The notch is opened on the first bulldozer blade, the second bulldozer blade, or the third bulldozer blade.

3. The soil and film covering device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first covering member further comprises a fourth bulldozer blade, which is mounted on the top of the first bulldozer blade and arranged close to the notch. An end of the fourth bulldozer blade away from the first bulldozer blade comprises a spur.

4. The soil and film covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film covering component comprises a supporting structure, a moving component and a transporting component. The moving component and the transporting component are both installed at the bottom of the supporting structure, and the transporting component is rotatably matched with the supporting structure. The transporting component is used to transport the plastic film.

5. The soil and film covering device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transport assembly includes a first roller and two first support rods. The two ends of the first roller are respectively installed at the bottom of the two first support rods. The first roller is rotatably matched with the first support rods. The tops of the two first support rods are installed on the supporting structure.

6. The soil and film covering device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transport assembly also includes a second roller and two second support rods. The two ends of the second roller are respectively installed at the bottom of the two second support rods. The second roller rotates with the second support rods. The tops of the two second support rods are installed on the supporting structure. The first roller and the second roller are arranged at a relative interval, and the height of the first roller is higher than that of the second roller.

7. The soil and film covering device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transport assembly also includes two second soil-covering pieces, which are respectively installed on both sides of the supporting structure, and the first roller, the second roller and the second soil-covering piece are arranged in sequence at intervals at the bottom of the supporting structure; the second soil-covering piece includes a soil-covering plate and a third support rod, the soil-covering plate is installed at the bottom of the third support rod, and the top of the third support rod is installed on the supporting structure.

8. The soil and film covering device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The soil covering plate is in a funnel-shaped structure, and the soil covering plate forms an inwardly concave soil accumulation groove.

9. The soil and film covering device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The moving assembly includes a connecting shaft, two fourth support rods, and two moving wheels. The two moving wheels are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting shaft. The first ends of the two fourth support rods are both sleeved outside the connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft and the fourth support rods are rotatably matched. The second ends of the two fourth support rods are installed on the supporting structure.

10. An agricultural seeder, characterized in that: It comprises a moving mechanism, a sowing mechanism, and the soil covering and film covering device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the sowing mechanism and the soil covering and film covering device are both installed on the moving mechanism, and the sowing mechanism is arranged at the front end of the first soil covering member.

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