Device for testing directional diagram of dual-polarized antenna
By designing a dual-polar antenna pattern testing device, using arc-shaped antenna array fixtures and dual-polar antennas, the problems of poor measurement accuracy, low efficiency and high cost in the prior art are solved, and fast, high-precision and low-cost directional pattern testing are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420653460.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-01
AI Technical Summary
When measuring antenna patterns, the prior art has poor accuracy, low efficiency and high cost, making it difficult to meet the demand for fast, high-precision and low-cost measurements on a large scale.
A dual-polar antenna pattern testing device was designed, using an arc antenna array fixture and a dual-polar antenna with standard gain, and a fast and high-precision pattern testing was achieved through the upper computer and signal generator.
Fast, high-precision, low-cost antenna pattern testing is realized, which significantly shortens the test cycle, reduces equipment costs, and improves the applicability and ease of operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN222561696U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical field:
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of dual-polarization antenna manufacturing, in particular to a dual-polarization antenna directional pattern testing device with reasonable structure, simple operation, high testing accuracy and short testing cycle. Background technology:
[0002] Microwave antennas are one of the most important and basic components of modern communication equipment, and antenna patterns are the basic parameters for measuring antenna performance. With the development and progress of science and technology, large-scale production has higher and higher requirements for efficiency. How to quickly, accurately and cost-effectively measure and depict the actual antenna pattern of the antenna? Figure 1 It is an important research topic in the field of communications.
[0003] There are two main ways to measure antenna radiation patterns under traditional microwave darkroom conditions:
[0004] The first method is to fix the transmitting antenna at one end of the darkroom, and then connect the transmitting antenna to a signal generator and a signal amplifier to form the transmitting end. At the other end, the antenna to be tested is fixed on a two-dimensional turntable to form the receiving end. Finally, the integrated control machine composed of a computer and dedicated test software connects it into a complete antenna pattern test system. When testing the pattern, the corresponding signal is transmitted through the transmitting end, and the receiving end measures the data of the antenna at various angles in the two-dimensional space through the rotation of the two-dimensional turntable, and finally forms the pattern of the antenna under test. The advantages of this method are low cost and low technical threshold, and the disadvantages are poor accuracy and low efficiency. The accuracy of the test depends on the accuracy of the two-dimensional turntable. During the test, any physical vibration and change will affect the test results, so the accuracy is poor. When measuring a large range of patterns, it is necessary to traverse a large number of angles in the two-dimensional space. The physical rotation time cost of the turntable is too large and the speed is too slow, so the efficiency is low.
[0005] The second method is based on the first method. The single antenna at the transmitting end is replaced with a spherical antenna array composed of an antenna array. The position of each antenna in the antenna array is fixed. After calibration, the position of the array cannot be changed. Moreover, it needs regular maintenance and recalibration after a period of time. When testing the directional pattern, the receiving end is fixed, and the antenna array is controlled by the array computer. Multiple antennas transmit signals to synthesize a signal to simulate the required spatial angle signal. After repeating the simulation of the transmission signal at each angle in the space, the directional pattern of the tested antenna is formed by the data received by the receiving end. The advantages of this method are fast speed and high precision. The spatial angle switching is achieved by switching the transmitting signal antenna by the computer. The speed can reach milliseconds or even microseconds. After calibration, the position of each antenna in the array is fixed, so the accuracy and consistency are very good. Similarly, the disadvantages are also very obvious. The microwave darkroom technology requirements of this method are very high, the cost is very high, and the cost of later maintenance and regular calibration is also very high. The technology is not easy to promote. In addition, the measurement range of the antenna directional pattern is limited by the antenna array, and the measurement range cannot be expanded at will. It is also difficult for general users to bear the huge construction and maintenance costs. Summary of the invention:
[0006] The utility model aims at the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art and proposes a dual-polarization antenna pattern testing device which can perform antenna pattern testing quickly, with high precision and at low cost.
[0007] The utility model achieves this through the following measures:
[0008] A dual-polarization antenna pattern test device is provided with a microwave darkroom, an antenna test signal transmitting component, and a host computer, wherein the antenna test signal transmitting component comprises a test signal transmitting antenna, a signal generator, and a signal amplifier, wherein the output end of the signal generator is connected to the signal amplifier, and the output end of the signal amplifier is connected to the test signal transmitting antenna, the test signal transmitting antenna is arranged in the microwave darkroom and arranged opposite to the antenna to be tested, the host computer is connected to the signal generator, the antenna to be tested is located in the microwave darkroom and the received data is uploaded to the host computer, characterized in that the antenna to be tested is arranged on a turntable, the test signal transmitting antenna is arranged in the microwave darkroom via an antenna array fixing frame, the antenna array fixing frame is arc-shaped, the center point O of the arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame is on the same horizontal line as the antenna to be tested, the O-point test signal transmitting antenna is arranged in the center of the arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame, and more than two test signal transmitting antennas are symmetrically arranged on the antenna array fixing frame with the O-point test signal transmitting antenna as the center, and the distance between any one of the test signal transmitting antennas and the O-point test signal transmitting antenna, that is, the arc length is recorded as L, and L satisfies the following formula:
[0009] Where R is the radius of the antenna array fixing frame, R>10λ, λ is the wavelength value of the tested band; α is the horizontal angle between the current test signal transmitting antenna and the center point O.
[0010] The value range of R in the utility model is 10 meters to 20 meters.
[0011] The arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame described in the utility model is placed horizontally or vertically. Furthermore, the arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame is provided with more than two rod-shaped plug-in parts, and a clamp is provided on the rod-shaped plug-in part. The clamp includes a sleeve sleeved on the rod-shaped plug-in part, and a clamp is provided on the outside of the sleeve. The clamp is provided with a screw hole for locking the clamp with a screw. The upper end of the sleeve is provided with an antenna support fixing plate, and the antenna support fixing plate is connected to the upper end wall of the sleeve via a locking bolt, wherein the offset angle of the antenna support fixing plate relative to the upper end wall of the sleeve can be adjusted by adjusting the locking bolt.
[0012] The test signal transmitting antennas of the utility model all adopt dual-polarization antennas with standard gain.
[0013] When the utility model is working, firstly, the test signal transmitting antenna is centered along the test signal transmitting antenna at point O, and two or more test signal transmitting antennas are symmetrically installed on the arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame at equal intervals. The distance between each test signal transmitting antenna and the test signal transmitting antenna at point O is calculated according to the formula The antenna to be tested is installed on a turntable. After the test is started, the rotation amplitude of the turntable is set, for example, -40° to 40°, the starting frequency of the signal generator is set, for example, to 1 GHz, the horizontal polarization of the test signal transmitting antenna at point O is turned on, and the signal is received through the antenna to be tested, and the host computer records the test data (this is the prior art and will not be repeated here). Then the test signal transmitting antenna at point O is turned on the vertical polarization, the antenna to be tested receives the signal, and the host computer records the data. Each test signal transmitting antenna on the arc antenna array fixing frame is switched in turn, and the horizontal polarization and vertical planned signal transmission are repeated for each test signal transmitting antenna, and the received signal is recorded by the host computer. Thereafter, the set frequency of the signal generator is changed. The signal frequency can be set to 1.1 GHz, 1.2 GHz, 1.3 GHz...2.0 GHz in turn, and the test work of each test signal transmitting antenna on the arc antenna array fixing frame is performed accordingly. The turntable can also be used to rotate the turntable azimuth to -39, -18, -17...39, 40 in turn to complete the test of the dual-polarization antenna radiation pattern at the set transmission frequency.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the remarkable advantages of reasonable structure, simple operation, short test cycle, high precision, high applicability and the like. Description of the drawings:
[0015] Attached Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0016] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test signal transmitting antenna on the arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame in the utility model.
[0017] Attached Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a clamp used for fixing an antenna on an arc-shaped bracket in the utility model.
[0018] Attached Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of another angle of the clamp in the utility model.
[0019] Figure numerals: microwave darkroom 1, host computer 2, test signal transmitting antenna 3, signal generator 4, signal amplifier 5, antenna to be tested 6, antenna array fixing frame 7, turntable 8, sleeve 9, clamp 10, antenna supporting fixing plate 11. Specific implementation method:
[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0021] The utility model proposes a dual-polarization antenna directional pattern test device, which is provided with a microwave darkroom 1, an antenna test signal transmitting component, and a host computer 2, wherein the antenna test signal transmitting component comprises a test signal transmitting antenna 3, a signal generator 4, and a signal amplifier 5, wherein the output end of the signal generator 4 is connected to the signal amplifier 5, and the output end of the signal amplifier 5 is connected to the test signal transmitting antenna 3, the test signal transmitting antenna 3 is arranged in the microwave darkroom 1, and is arranged opposite to the antenna to be tested 6, the host computer 2 is connected to the signal generator 4, the antenna to be tested 6 is located in the microwave darkroom 1, and the received data is uploaded to the host computer 2 , the antenna to be tested 6 is arranged on a turntable 8, the test signal transmitting antenna 3 is arranged in a microwave darkroom 1 via an antenna array fixing frame 7, the antenna array fixing frame 7 is arc-shaped, the center point O of the arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame 7 is on the same horizontal line as the antenna to be tested 6, the center of the arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame 7 is arranged at point O test signal transmitting antenna, and more than two test signal transmitting antennas are symmetrically arranged on the antenna array fixing frame 7 with point O test signal transmitting antenna as the center at equal intervals, and the distance between any test signal transmitting antenna and point O test signal transmitting antenna, that is, the arc length, is recorded as L, then L satisfies the following formula:
[0022] Where R is the radius of the antenna array fixing frame, R>10λ, λ is the wavelength value of the tested band; α is the horizontal angle between the current test signal transmitting antenna and the center point O.
[0023] The value range of R in the utility model is 10 meters to 20 meters.
[0024] The arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame 7 in the present invention is placed horizontally or vertically.
[0025] The test signal transmitting antenna 3 of the present invention adopts a dual-polarization antenna with standard gain.
[0026] As attached Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame described in the utility model is provided with more than two rod-shaped plug-in parts, and a clamp is arranged on the rod-shaped plug-in part, and the clamp includes a sleeve 9 sleeved on the rod-shaped plug-in part, and a clamp 10 arranged on the outside of the sleeve 9, and the clamp 10 is provided with a screw hole for locking the clamp 10 with a screw, and an antenna support fixing plate 11 is provided at the upper end of the sleeve 9, and the antenna support fixing plate 11 is connected to the upper end wall of the sleeve 9 through a locking bolt, wherein the offset angle of the antenna support fixing plate 11 relative to the upper end wall of the sleeve 9 can be adjusted by adjusting the locking bolt, thereby realizing the angle of the test signal transmitting antenna 3 arranged on the antenna support fixing plate 11.
[0027] Embodiment 1:
[0028] As attached Figure 1 As shown, this example takes a vertically arranged arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame as an example to provide a fast and high-precision dual-polarization antenna pattern test device. In this example, more than two test signal transmitting antennas are symmetrically installed on the antenna array fixing frame at equal intervals, and the distance between each test signal transmitting antenna and the test signal transmitting antenna at point O is calculated according to the formula Obtained, where R is 15 meters;
[0029] On-site calibration was carried out on 67 frequencies, including 1GHz, 2GHz, 1G, 2G, 3G, 5G, 9G and other frequencies and their surrounding frequencies, with data in the range of ±40 degrees in azimuth and elevation. The number of spatial points that need to be calibrated is 81*81=6561. Under single polarization, it takes 180ms from the issuance of the calibration command to the generation of load standard data for each point and frequency. The recorded data duration is 40ms. The time required for the turntable to rotate between each two spatial points is 2000ms. Under the original single-polarization single-transmitter solution, the theoretical calibration time required is (((6561*(180+40)*67+(80*80)*2000))*2) / 3600000≈70.7 hours, where 3600000 is one hour containing 3600000ms. The actual calibration time is 73 hours, which is slightly different from the theoretical time.
[0030] After the test is performed using this solution, the number of spatial points that need to be calibrated is still 6561. However, because it is a dual-polarized antenna, after sending a calibration command, the two polarizations can be calibrated under one command by switching polarization. Then, the calibration time for the two polarizations of each frequency at each spatial point is 180+40+20+40=280ms, and the number of spatial points that need to be rotated is changed from 80*80 to 80 (because ±40 degrees in the pitch direction is switched by a switch, and the switch switching time is included in the time between sending the command and generating the standard data, which can be ignored). Therefore, the theoretical calibration time is (6561*280*67+80*2000) / 3600000=34.2 hours, and the actual calibration time is 35.2 hours. Compared with the original solution, the time is shortened to half of the original time, thereby significantly shortening the test cycle. It has the advantages of reasonable structure, easy operation, high precision and high applicability.
Claims
1. A dual-polarization antenna pattern test device, comprising a microwave darkroom, an antenna test signal transmitting component, and a host computer, wherein the antenna test signal transmitting component comprises a test signal transmitting antenna, a signal generator, and a signal amplifier, wherein the output end of the signal generator is connected to the signal amplifier, and the output end of the signal amplifier is connected to the test signal transmitting antenna, the test signal transmitting antenna is arranged in the microwave darkroom and is arranged opposite to the antenna to be tested, the host computer is connected to the signal generator, the antenna to be tested is located in the microwave darkroom and the received data is uploaded to the host computer, characterized in that The antenna to be tested is arranged on a turntable, and the test signal transmitting antenna is arranged in a microwave darkroom via an antenna array fixing frame. The antenna array fixing frame is arc-shaped, and the center point O of the arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame is on the same horizontal line as the antenna to be tested. The O-point test signal transmitting antenna is arranged at the center of the arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame. Two or more test signal transmitting antennas are symmetrically arranged on the antenna array fixing frame with the O-point test signal transmitting antenna as the center at equal intervals. The distance between any test signal transmitting antenna and the O-point test signal transmitting antenna, that is, the arc length, is recorded as L, and L satisfies the following formula: , where R is the radius of the antenna array bracket, R>10λ, λ is the wavelength of the tested band; α is the horizontal angle between the current test signal transmitting antenna and the center point O.
2. A dual-polarization antenna pattern testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The value range of R is 10 meters to 20 meters.
3. The dual-polarization antenna pattern testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame is placed horizontally or vertically.
4. The dual-polarization antenna pattern testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test signal transmitting antennas all adopt dual-polarization antennas with standard gain.
5. The dual-polarization antenna pattern testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped antenna array fixing frame is provided with more than two rod-shaped plug-in parts, and a clamp is arranged on the rod-shaped plug-in part. The clamp includes a sleeve sleeved on the rod-shaped plug-in part, and a clamp arranged on the outside of the sleeve, and the clamp is provided with a screw hole for locking the clamp with a screw. The upper end of the sleeve is provided with an antenna support fixing plate, and the antenna support fixing plate is connected to the upper end wall of the sleeve via a locking bolt.