Inverter power supply of electric heavy truck

Abstract

The utility model provides an electric heavy truck inverter power supply which comprises a power battery, a pre-charging resistor, a first capacitor and a DC / AC inverter transformation circuit, the power battery is connected with a first relay switch, a fuse and the DC / AC inverter transformation circuit in series to form a main loop, and the DC / AC inverter transformation circuit is connected with the first capacitor in parallel. The pre-charging resistor is connected in series with the second relay switch and then connected in parallel with the first relay switch; the DC / AC inverter transformation circuit is used for converting the high-voltage direct current of the power battery into 220V alternating current; and the power battery, the first capacitor C1 and the DC / AC inverter transformation circuit are integrated in the all-in-one controller. The DC / AC inversion transformation circuit is integrated in the all-in-one controller of the electric heavy truck, a thick cable does not need to be added to a starting battery to take electricity, low-voltage power distribution balance of an original truck is not affected, the risk that the starting battery feeds electricity due to electricity utilization does not exist, and the safety coefficient of the truck is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile control, in particular to an inverter power supply for an electric heavy truck. Background Art

[0002] In the field of electric trucks, according to relevant statistics, about 30% of truck drivers cook on the truck, and on-board stoves and small refrigerators have become standard equipment on trucks, and high-power on-board mobile power supplies have become necessary equipment for mid-to-high-end trucks. Currently, the on-board 220V power supply on the market is mainly realized by 24VDC to 220VAC inverter power supply, that is, by directly converting the AC power in the electric vehicle battery into the DC power required by the electrical equipment, and supplying the electrical equipment with it.

[0003] Generally speaking, 24V to 220VAC high-power power supply needs to be connected to the lead-acid battery in the chassis, connected to the inverter terminal through a thick cable, and then connected to the inverter's main circuit board through the terminal for DC to AC conversion, and output 220V AC to the socket installed in the cab for use by electrical appliances.

[0004] However, this method requires vehicle modification, and the 24V power supply has a low energy conversion efficiency for long-distance and high-current transmission, which poses certain safety risks: when the chassis is designed, the design and matching DCDC and starting battery capacity are limited. If high-power power is drawn from the starting battery, resulting in low-voltage power supply feeding, it will affect the normal operation of the low-voltage system.

[0005] Specifically, the lead-acid battery (24V) generally adapted for the chassis cannot withstand long-term high-power discharge. First, there is a risk of causing low-voltage power supply or voltage fluctuations in the chassis, which may cause low-voltage system failure and affect the normal operation of the low-voltage system; second, 24V to 220VAC high-power power extraction, the current at the low-voltage input end is large, it is easy to cause the cable to overheat, affecting the service life of the cable, and the loss generated is also large, and the conversion efficiency is low; and the existing inverters are mostly installed in the front cover of the car with screws, connected to the socket in the cab by cables, and cooled by air through a fan assembly set behind the inverter. Not only is the exhaust and heat dissipation effect poor, but the installation space occupied is also large.

[0006] The all-in-one controller is the powertrain controller of the electric heavy truck chassis. It includes the drive motor controller, oil pump auxiliary drive controller, air pump auxiliary drive controller, high-voltage power distribution, etc. It adopts a modular design to integrate these core components together for easy maintenance and replacement of components. In addition, the all-in-one controller usually adopts water cooling to timely absorb and dissipate the heat generated in the controller to ensure normal operation. The power battery (usually 618V) is one of the core components of electric heavy trucks. Since electric heavy trucks need to operate for a long time, high intensity, and high efficiency, the power battery needs to have the characteristics of high energy density, long life, and high safety. At present, the power batteries of electric heavy trucks mainly use lithium-ion batteries, including lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries, etc. These batteries can withstand large current charging and discharging. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an inverter power supply for an electric heavy truck in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0009] An inverter power supply for an electric heavy truck comprises a power battery, a first capacitor, and a DC / AC inverter transformer circuit, wherein the power battery is connected in series with the DC / AC inverter transformer circuit, and the DC / AC inverter transformer circuit is connected in parallel with the first capacitor;

[0010] The DC / AC inverter transformer circuit is used to convert the high-voltage direct current of the power battery into 220V alternating current. The utility model utilizes the characteristics of high energy density, long life, and high safety of the power battery to draw power from the power battery, thereby avoiding the risk of low-voltage power feeding or voltage fluctuations in the chassis, causing low-voltage system failures. At the same time, the utility model can invert the high-voltage direct current of the power battery, and boost the inverted voltage to convert it into 220V alternating current required by electrical equipment, so as to be used by external electrical equipment, thereby improving the convenience of using electric heavy trucks. Furthermore, the DC / AC inverter transformer circuit includes a transformer, an operational amplifier, a P-type MOS tube, and an N-type MOS tube, and the secondary side of the transformer is electrically connected to the power socket;

[0011] The 1 end of the primary side of the transformer is electrically connected to the D end of the first P-type MOS tube, the S end of the first P-type MOS tube is connected in parallel with the S end of the second P-type MOS tube to form a parallel node, the parallel node is electrically connected to the first capacitor and the power battery respectively, the parallel node is electrically connected to the fourth resistor and the C end of the second NPN-type transistor in sequence, the parallel node is electrically connected to the fifth resistor and the C end of the first NPN-type transistor in sequence, the parallel node is electrically connected to the third capacitor and then grounded, the parallel node is electrically connected to the integrated circuit and the second capacitor in sequence and then grounded, the parallel node is electrically connected to the fourth capacitor and then grounded, the G end of the first P-type MOS tube is electrically connected to the C end of the first NPN-type transistor, wherein the integrated circuit is used to generate an oscillating electrical signal to provide a signal source for the MOS tube;

[0012] The 1 end of the primary side of the transformer is electrically connected to the D end of the first N-type MOS transistor, the S end of the first N-type MOS transistor is grounded, the G end of the first N-type MOS transistor is electrically connected to the C end of the first NPN-type transistor, the E end of the first NPN-type transistor is grounded, the B end of the first NPN-type transistor is electrically connected to the sixth resistor and the first operational amplifier in sequence, the first operational amplifier is electrically connected to the fifth capacitor and the second operational amplifier respectively, the fifth capacitor, the second operational amplifier, the third operational amplifier, and the first resistor are connected in series, and the fifth capacitor, the second operational amplifier, the second resistor, and the sliding resistor are connected in series;

[0013] The two ends of the primary side of the transformer are electrically connected to the D end of the second P-type MOS transistor, the G end of the second P-type MOS transistor is electrically connected to the C end of the second NPN-type transistor, the B end of the second NPN-type transistor is electrically connected to the seventh resistor, the fourth operational amplifier, and the first operational amplifier in sequence, and the E end of the second NPN-type transistor is grounded;

[0014] The two ends of the primary side of the transformer are electrically connected to the D end of the second N-type MOS tube, the S end of the second N-type MOS tube is grounded, the S end of the second N-type MOS tube is electrically connected to the first capacitor and the power supply respectively, and the G end of the second N-type MOS tube is electrically connected to the C end of the second NPN-type transistor.

[0015] The utility model is provided with a plurality of operational amplifiers for building a control feedback drive circuit, so as to achieve the purpose of overcurrent protection and undervoltage protection; and an oscillation signal source of a certain frequency is formed through an integrated circuit and a peripheral circuit, and the oscillation signal controls the switch of the MOS switch tube through the drive circuit, when the oscillation circuit is a wave peak, the first P-type MOS tube and the second NPN-type triode are turned on, the upper end of the electromagnetic mutual inductance primary current is positive, and the lower end is negative, when the oscillation circuit is a wave valley, the first NPN-type triode and the second P-type MOS tube are turned on, the upper end of the electromagnetic mutual inductance primary current is negative, and the lower end is positive, so that the direct current is inverted into the required alternating current.

[0016] Furthermore, it includes a pre-charging circuit, which includes a first relay switch, a pre-charging resistor, and a second relay switch. The power battery is connected in series with the first relay switch and the DC / AC inverter circuit; the pre-charging resistor is connected in series with the second relay switch and then in parallel with the first relay switch.

[0017] Furthermore, the power battery, the pre-charging circuit, the first capacitor, and the DC / AC inverter circuit are integrated in an all-in-one controller.

[0018] The utility model integrates the power supply, pre-charging circuit, first capacitor and DC / AC inverter circuit into the all-in-one controller of the chassis in a front-mounted manner, thereby ensuring discharge safety, improving discharge efficiency and facilitating heat dissipation of the controller.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a fuse, which is connected in series between the first relay switch and the DC / AC inverter transformer circuit.

[0020] Furthermore, the all-in-one controller is installed under the cab.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a rocker switch, a vehicle controller, and a socket, and the rocker switch, the vehicle controller, the all-in-one controller, and the socket are electrically connected in sequence.

[0022] The utility model collects the state of the rocker switch through the vehicle controller to ensure that the DC / AC power supply works when the vehicle is in a dischargeable state, and monitors the state of the power load and power supply in real time, which not only meets the daily power demand of heavy truck drivers, but also can charge quickly and supply power efficiently to ensure the comfort and safety of long-term driving.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The DC / AC inverter transformer circuit and power battery are integrated into the all-in-one controller of the electric heavy-duty truck. It can be directly installed inside the truck without vehicle modification. Compared with the conventional 24V to 220VAC modification solution, there is no need to add thick cables to the starting battery to draw power. It does not affect the low-voltage power distribution balance of the original vehicle, and there is no risk of power consumption causing the starting battery to be fed, so the vehicle safety factor is higher.

[0025] (2) The DC / AC inverter transformer circuit can be cooled by the water circuit of the all-in-one controller. Compared with the existing inverter air cooling method, it has a higher volume power density, does not occupy more installation space, and the protection level can reach IP67.

[0026] (3) The vehicle controller collects the status of the rocker switch to ensure that the vehicle is in a dischargeable state, controls the DC / AC power supply to operate, and monitors the status of the power load and power supply in real time. This not only meets the daily power needs of heavy truck drivers, but also enables fast charging and efficient power supply to ensure comfort and safety during long-term driving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical principle of the inverter power supply for the electric heavy truck of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of an implementation method of the utility model electric heavy truck inverter power supply;

[0029] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the working process of another implementation method of the inverter power supply for electric heavy trucks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment 1 provides an electric heavy truck inverter power supply, including a power battery, a pre-charging circuit, a fuse F1, a first capacitor C1, and a DC / AC inverter transformer circuit. The pre-charging circuit includes a first relay switch K1, a pre-charging resistor R, and a second relay switch K2. The power battery is connected in series with the first relay switch K1, the fuse F1, and the DC / AC inverter transformer circuit to form a main circuit. The DC / AC inverter transformer circuit is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1. The pre-charging resistor R is connected in series with the second relay switch K2 and then connected in parallel with the first relay switch K1.

[0033] DC / AC inverter circuit, used to convert the high-voltage direct current of the power battery into 220V alternating current;

[0034] The power battery, the first capacitor C1, and the DC / AC inverter circuit are all installed in the all-in-one controller.

[0035] Specifically, the DC / AC inverter transformer circuit includes a transformer T1, an operational amplifier, a P-type MOS tube, and an N-type MOS tube, and the secondary side of the transformer T1 is electrically connected to the power socket;

[0036] The 1 end of the primary side of the transformer T1 is electrically connected to the D end of the first P-type MOS transistor MOS1, the S end of the first P-type MOS transistor MOS1 and the S end of the second P-type MOS transistor MOS3 are connected in parallel to form a parallel node, the parallel node is electrically connected to the first capacitor C1 and the fuse F1 respectively, the parallel node is electrically connected to the fourth resistor R4 and the C end of the second NPN-type triode VT2 in sequence, the parallel node is electrically connected to the fifth resistor R5 and the C end of the first NPN-type triode VT1 in sequence, the parallel node is electrically connected to the third capacitor C3 and then grounded, the parallel node is electrically connected to the integrated circuit IC2 and the second capacitor C2 in sequence and then grounded, the parallel node is electrically connected to the fourth capacitor C4 and then grounded, the G end of the first P-type MOS transistor MOS1 is electrically connected to the C end of the first NPN-type triode VT1, wherein the integrated circuit IC2 is used to generate an oscillating electrical signal of a certain frequency to provide a signal source for the switch of the MOS tube.

[0037] The 1 end of the primary side of the transformer T1 is electrically connected to the D end of the first N-type MOS transistor MOS2, the S end of the first N-type MOS transistor MOS2 is grounded, the G end of the first N-type MOS transistor MOS2 is electrically connected to the C end of the first NPN-type transistor VT1, the E end of the first NPN-type transistor VT1 is grounded, the B end of the first NPN-type transistor VT1 is electrically connected to the sixth resistor R6 and the first operational amplifier IC1 in sequence, the first operational amplifier IC1 is electrically connected to the fifth capacitor C5 and the second operational amplifier IC12 respectively, the fifth capacitor C5, the second operational amplifier IC12, the third operational amplifier IC13, and the first resistor R1 are connected in series, and the fifth capacitor C5, the second operational amplifier IC12, the second resistor R2, and the sliding resistor R3 are connected in series;

[0038] The 2 ends of the primary side of the transformer T1 are electrically connected to the D end of the second P-type MOS transistor MOS3, the G end of the second P-type MOS transistor MOS3 is electrically connected to the C end of the second NPN-type transistor VT2, the B end of the second NPN-type transistor VT2 is electrically connected to the seventh resistor R7, the fourth operational amplifier IC14, and the first operational amplifier IC1 in sequence, and the E end of the second NPN-type transistor VT2 is grounded;

[0039] The two ends of the primary side of the transformer T1 are electrically connected to the D end of the second N-type MOS transistor MOS4, the S end of the second N-type MOS transistor MOS4 is grounded, the S end of the second N-type MOS transistor MOS4 is electrically connected to the first capacitor C1 and the power supply respectively, and the G end of the second N-type MOS transistor MOS4 is electrically connected to the C end of the second NPN transistor VT2.

[0040] By means of the above circuit, multiple operational amplifiers are set up to build a control feedback drive circuit, so as to achieve the purpose of overcurrent protection and undervoltage protection; an oscillation signal source of a certain frequency is formed through the integrated circuit IC2 and the peripheral circuit, and the oscillation signal controls the switch of the MOS switch tube through the drive circuit. When the oscillation circuit is a peak, MOS1 and MOS4 are turned on, the upper end of the electromagnetic mutual inductance primary current is positive, and the lower end is negative. When the oscillation circuit is a trough, MOS2 and MOS3 are turned on, the upper end of the electromagnetic mutual inductance primary current is negative, and the lower end is positive, thereby inverting the direct current into the required alternating current.

[0041] Specifically, the inverter transformer power T1 is proportional to the core cross-section and can be calculated using the following formula:

[0042] S=1.2*sqrt(P);

[0043] Among them, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the core, and P is the inverter transformer power.

[0044] For an iron core with a certain cross-sectional size, the number of turns of induced unit voltage can be calculated as follows:

[0045] N=45 / S;

[0046] Where N is the number of turns per volt and S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the core.

[0047] Therefore, in this embodiment 1, for a 2000W inverter transformer, 618VDC is used to invert into AC, and then a 3:1 transformation is performed to output 220V AC, and the total number of coils of the core is about 1250.

[0048] Specifically, since the pre-charging circuit is a high-voltage circuit, insulation and safety need to be ensured. In this embodiment 1, the power battery, pre-charging circuit, and DC / AC inverter transformer circuit are integrated into the all-in-one controller of the chassis in a front-mounted manner, which saves installation space, ensures discharge safety, improves discharge efficiency, and facilitates heat dissipation of the controller.

[0049] Specifically, the all-in-one controller is installed under the cab. Figure 2 As shown, in order to meet the high-voltage 220VAC power demand of truck drivers, this embodiment 1 electrically connects the rocker switch, the vehicle controller, the all-in-one controller, and the socket in sequence. During the whole process, the vehicle controller determines the vehicle status to ensure power safety. The specific steps are as follows:

[0050] ① The vehicle controller detects the state of the rocker switch in real time to determine whether the inverter power supply of the electric heavy truck needs to be started;

[0051] ② When the vehicle controller detects that the user has a need to start the inverter power supply of the electric heavy truck, that is, the rocker switch is closed, and the vehicle has no faults and meets the power supply requirements, it sends a request to the all-in-one controller through the CAN bus to start the inverter power supply of the electric heavy truck;

[0052] ③ After receiving the request, the all-in-one controller controls the second relay switch K2 to close until the voltage of the first capacitor C1 is greater than 95% of the power battery voltage, then closes the first relay switch K1 and opens the second relay switch K2. The first capacitor C1 starts to discharge and outputs 220V AC to the socket through the inverter transformer circuit.

[0053] ④At this time, connect the electrical equipment to the socket, such as: rice cooker for cooking, car refrigerator, and you can use it.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, when the installation space of the all-in-one controller is limited, high-voltage 220VAC power distribution can be achieved by adding an independent DC / AC inverter transformer module and taking power from the all-in-one controller. The DC / AC inverter transformer module of this embodiment 2 is a DC / AC power supply.

[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment 2, the rocker switch, the vehicle controller, the all-in-one controller, the DC / AC power supply, and the socket are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the all-in-one controller includes a power battery, a pre-charging circuit, and a fuse; the DC / AC power supply includes a first capacitor C1 and a DC / AC inverter transformer circuit; and the specific structure of the DC / AC power supply is as described in Example 1.

[0057] With the above structure, during the whole process, the vehicle controller determines the vehicle status to ensure the safety of electricity use. The specific steps are as follows:

[0058] ① The vehicle controller detects the state of the rocker switch in real time to determine whether the DC / AC power supply needs to be started;

[0059] ② When the vehicle controller detects that the user closes the rocker switch and the vehicle has no faults and meets the power supply requirements, it sends a request to the all-in-one controller through the CAN bus;

[0060] ③ The all-in-one controller controls the second relay switch K2 to close and output high-voltage direct current to the DC / AC power supply. When the voltage of the first capacitor C1 is greater than 95% of the power battery voltage, the first relay switch K1 is closed and the second relay switch K2 is disconnected. The first capacitor C1 starts to discharge and outputs 220 AC power to the socket through the inverter transformer circuit.

[0061] ④At this time, connect the electrical equipment to the socket, such as: rice cooker for cooking, car refrigerator, and you can use it.

[0062] The embodiments of the utility model are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the enlightenment of the utility model, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the utility model and the claims, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0063] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0064] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An inverter power supply for an electric heavy truck, characterized in that: It comprises a power battery, a first capacitor (C1), and a DC / AC inverter transformer circuit, wherein the power battery is connected in series with the DC / AC inverter transformer circuit, and the DC / AC inverter transformer circuit is connected in parallel with the first capacitor (C1); The DC / AC inverter circuit is used to convert the high-voltage direct current of the power battery into 220V alternating current.

2. The electric heavy truck inverter power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC / AC inverter transformer circuit comprises a transformer (T1), an operational amplifier, a P-type MOS tube, and an N-type MOS tube, and the secondary side of the transformer (T1) is electrically connected to a power socket; The 1 end of the primary side of the transformer (T1) is electrically connected to the D end of the first P-type MOS transistor (MOS1), the S end of the first P-type MOS transistor (MOS1) and the S end of the second P-type MOS transistor (MOS3) are connected in parallel to form a parallel node, the parallel node is respectively electrically connected to the first capacitor (C1) and the power battery, the parallel node is sequentially electrically connected to the fourth resistor (R4) and the C end of the second NPN transistor (VT2), the parallel node is sequentially electrically connected to the fifth resistor (R5) and the first NPN transistor (VT3). The C end of the N-type triode (VT1) is electrically connected in sequence, the parallel node is electrically connected to the third capacitor (C3) and then grounded, the parallel node is electrically connected to the integrated circuit (IC2) and the second capacitor (C2) in sequence and then grounded, the parallel node is electrically connected to the fourth capacitor (C4) and then grounded, the G end of the first P-type MOS tube (MOS1) is electrically connected to the C end of the first NPN-type triode (VT1), wherein the integrated circuit (IC2) is used to generate an oscillating electrical signal to provide a signal source for the MOS tube; The 1 end of the primary side of the transformer (T1) is electrically connected to the D end of the first N-type MOS tube (MOS2), the S end of the first N-type MOS tube (MOS2) is grounded, the G end of the first N-type MOS tube (MOS2) is electrically connected to the C end of the first NPN-type triode (VT1), the E end of the first NPN-type triode (VT1) is grounded, the B end of the first NPN-type triode (VT1) is electrically connected to the sixth resistor (R6) and the first operational amplifier (IC1) in sequence, the first operational amplifier (IC1) is electrically connected to the fifth capacitor (C5) and the second operational amplifier (IC12) respectively, the fifth capacitor (C5), the second operational amplifier (IC12), the third operational amplifier (IC13), and the first resistor (R1) are connected in series, and the fifth capacitor (C5), the second operational amplifier (IC12), the second resistor (R2), and the sliding resistor (R3) are connected in series; The two ends of the primary side of the transformer (T1) are electrically connected to the D end of the second P-type MOS tube (MOS3), the G end of the second P-type MOS tube (MOS3) is electrically connected to the C end of the second NPN-type triode (VT2), the B end of the second NPN-type triode (VT2) is electrically connected to the seventh resistor (R7), the fourth operational amplifier (IC14), and the first operational amplifier (IC1) in sequence, and the E end of the second NPN-type triode (VT2) is grounded; The two ends of the primary side of the transformer (T1) are electrically connected to the D end of the second N-type MOS transistor (MOS4), the S end of the second N-type MOS transistor (MOS4) is grounded, the S end of the second N-type MOS transistor (MOS4) is electrically connected to the first capacitor (C1) and the power battery respectively, and the G end of the second N-type MOS transistor (MOS4) is electrically connected to the C end of the second NPN transistor (VT2).

3. The electric heavy truck inverter power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pre-charging circuit, wherein the pre-charging circuit comprises a first relay switch (K1), a pre-charging resistor (R), and a second relay switch (K2); the power battery is connected in series with the first relay switch (K1) and the DC / AC inverter transformer circuit; the pre-charging resistor (R) is connected in series with the second relay switch (K2) and then connected in parallel with the first relay switch (K1).

4. The electric heavy truck inverter power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pre-charging circuit, the first capacitor (C1), and the DC / AC inverter circuit are integrated in an all-in-one controller.

5. The inverter power supply for electric heavy truck according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a fuse (F1), which is connected in series between the first relay switch (K1) and the DC / AC inverter transformer circuit.

6. The electric heavy truck inverter power supply according to claim 4, characterized in that: The all-in-one controller is installed under the cab.

7. The inverter power supply for electric heavy truck according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a rocker switch, a vehicle controller, and a socket. The rocker switch, the vehicle controller, the all-in-one controller, and the socket are electrically connected in sequence.

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