Multifunctional no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional no-tillage combined seed and fertilizer drill, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The utility model aims to solve the problems that a no-tillage planter in the prior art is relatively single in operation mode, needs multiple machines to enter the field for operation before seeding, is inaccurate in seeding depth control, is poor in straw stubble removal effect and the like. The furrowing and fertilizing machine comprises a rack, a plurality of furrowing and fertilizing units, a transmission unit, a fertilizer box assembly unit, a hydraulic unit, a walking unit and a plurality of seeding units, the plurality of ditching and fertilizing units are respectively connected with the rack and are distributed at intervals along the extending direction of a cross beam of the rack, the plurality of seeding units are respectively connected with the rack and are distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the cross beam of the rack, and the seeding units are arranged right behind the ditching and fertilizing units. The corn no-tillage seeding machine is used for corn no-tillage seeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional no-tillage fertilization seeder. Background Art

[0002] No-till seeding is an agronomic technology that has been advocated and promoted in agricultural operations in recent years. Because it does not require rotary tillage, deep loosening or flat tillage of the soil before seeding, it does not destroy the original soil structure of the seed bed and has good moisture and heat preservation properties for the soil. It is particularly suitable for promotion and application in the vast northern regions of my country where the soil is dry and the moisture conditions are poor in spring.

[0003] According to the requirements of conservation tillage, the current method is to use a straw rowing machine to row the straw on the surface before sowing, then use a deep tiller to loosen the soil, and then use a rotary tiller to crush and press the soil clods turned up by deep tillage, and finally use a no-till seeder to fertilize and sow. The current no-till seeder operation mode is relatively simple, and multiple machines need to enter the field multiple times before sowing, the sowing depth control is not accurate, and the straw residue removal effect is not good. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems of the prior art that the operation mode of the no-till seeder is relatively single, multiple machines need to enter the field for multiple operations before sowing, the sowing depth control is not accurate, and the straw residue removal effect is poor, and thus provide a multifunctional no-till fertilization seeder.

[0005] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme to solve the above-mentioned problems: a multifunctional no-tillage fertilizer seeder, which comprises a frame, a plurality of furrowing and fertilizing units, a transmission unit, a fertilizer box assembly unit, a hydraulic unit, a walking unit and a plurality of sowing units; the plurality of furrowing and fertilizing units are respectively connected to the frame and are spaced apart along the extension direction of the crossbeam of the frame, the plurality of sowing units are respectively connected to the frame and are spaced apart along the extension direction of the crossbeam of the frame, the sowing unit is arranged directly behind the furrowing and fertilizing unit, the fertilizer box assembly unit is arranged above the frame near one end of the furrowing and fertilizing unit, the walking unit is installed on the left and right sides of the frame, the hydraulic unit is used to adjust the height of the walking unit, and the transmission unit is used to transmit power between the various components of the sowing unit.

[0006] Preferably, the furrowing and fertilizing unit includes a disc furrow opener, a lower fertilizer pipe and an electric fertilizer discharger; the electric fertilizer discharger is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box of the fertilizer box assembly unit, the electric fertilizer discharger is connected to the disc furrow opener through the lower fertilizer pipe, and the disc furrow opener is installed on the frame.

[0007] Preferably, the sowing unit comprises a stubble removing and loosening assembly, a profiling assembly, a seed box seeding device assembly, a fertilizer box assembly, a pressing wheel assembly, a sowing unit assembly, a depth limiting wheel assembly, a sowing furrowing assembly and a sowing machine frame; the front end of the sowing machine frame is mounted on the frame through the profiling assembly, the seed box seeding device assembly and the fertilizer box assembly are mounted on the upper part of the sowing machine frame, the stubble removing and loosening assembly, the sowing furrowing assembly and the pressing wheel assembly are sequentially connected to the lower part of the sowing machine frame from front to back, and the depth limiting wheel assemblies are arranged on the left and right sides of the sowing furrowing assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the stubble removing and loosening component comprises a corrugated stubble breaking disc and a bionic weed-pulling wheel; the corrugated stubble breaking disc is installed on a seeder frame, and bionic weed-pulling wheels are axially symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the corrugated stubble breaking disc.

[0009] Preferably, the profiling component is a four-link profiling mechanism, and the profiling component performs overall profiling on the stubble removal and loosening component, the sowing and furrowing component and the pressing wheel component.

[0010] Preferably, a sowing unit assembly is arranged directly below the seed box seed metering device assembly, the seed box seed metering device assembly is connected to the sowing unit assembly, and an air suction seed metering device is installed in the sowing unit assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the depth limiting wheel assembly comprises a depth limiting frame, a depth limiting block, two depth limiting wheel arms and two depth limiting wheels; the depth limiting wheel arm is rotatably connected to the front end of the depth limiting frame through a rotating shaft, the depth limiting wheel is mounted on the corresponding depth limiting wheel arm, the depth limiting block is mounted on the depth limiting frame, the depth limiting block is arranged above the depth limiting wheel arm and abuts against the upper surface of the depth limiting wheel arm, and the sowing furrowing assembly is mounted on the depth limiting frame and located between the two depth limiting wheels.

[0012] Preferably, an adjustment handle is provided on the depth limit stopper, the upper end of the adjustment handle is engaged with a plurality of limit bayonet sockets provided on the depth limit frame, and the depth limit stopper is rotatably connected to the depth limit frame via a rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the seeder further includes a monitoring unit, which includes a seed monitor, a fertilizer monitor, a camera, a controller and an operation terminal, and the seed monitor, the fertilizer monitor and the camera are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0014] The utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] The trenching and fertilizing unit adopted by the utility model is composed of trenching and fertilizing parts, which are suitable for flat cultivation and no-tillage operation on the land with a small amount of corn straw cover, root stubble cover or after tillage. The utility frame assembly is composed of a traction hook, a traction beam welded, a crossbeam, a suspension frame welded, a fertilizer box bracket welded, a transition connection seat welded, a central pull rod, and standard parts for connection. It meets the requirements of tractor traction operation or piggyback suspension operation, and the walking parts, fertilizing parts, and sowing parts installed on the crossbeam can adjust the row spacing according to needs.

[0016] The utility model is composed of a profiling mechanism, a stubble removing and loosening mechanism, a sowing furrowing disc, a seed box, a seeding device, a fertilizer box, a depth limiting wheel, a pressing mechanism and other parts. The parallel four-link realizes independent profiling of the single body, the corrugated stubble breaking disc breaks the stubble and realizes pre-ditching, the bionic weeding wheel removes the stubble, the sowing furrowing disc digs the furrow, the seeds fall from the seed box through the seeding device seed guide tube into the seed furrow, and the depth limiting wheel realizes profiling along with the ground, which can effectively remove the stubble and accurately control the sowing depth.

[0017] The utility model has multiple operation modes for multiple conservation tillage, and can complete the side deep fertilizer application, seed bed straw cleaning, seed bed compaction, single seeding, soil squeezing, heavy compaction and mouth fertilizer processes at one time. The utility model can be operated by tractor traction or hanging and carrying, and is suitable for flat cultivation, no-tillage sowing, ridge cultivation, no-tillage sowing on ridges, wide and narrow row sowing, no-tillage sowing on the side of ridges and conventional sowing under the condition of a small amount of corn straw covering, root stubble covering or after tillage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is the front view of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a top view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a left view of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is an axonometric view of the sowing unit;

[0023] Figure 6 It is the main view of the sowing unit;

[0024] Figure 7 It is the left view of the sowing unit;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sowing monomer component;

[0026] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the depth-limiting wheel assembly;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the trenching fertilization unit;

[0028] In the figure, 1. frame; 2. furrowing and fertilizing unit; 21. disc furrow opener; 22. fertilizer lowering pipe; 23. electric fertilizer dispenser; 3. monitoring unit; 4. transmission unit; 5. fertilizer box assembly unit; 6. hydraulic unit; 7. walking unit; 8. sowing unit; 81. stubble removing and loosening component; 811. corrugated stubble breaking disc; 812. bionic weeding wheel; 82. profiling component; 83. seed box seeding device component; 84. fertilizer box component; 85. pressing wheel component; 86. sowing unit component; 87. depth limiting wheel component; 871. depth limiting frame; 8711. limit bayonet; 872. depth limiting block; 8721. adjustment handle; 873. depth limiting wheel arm; 874. depth limiting wheel; 88. sowing furrowing component; 89. sowing machine frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model more clearly understood, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the specification. The specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0030] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 10 The present embodiment is described. The multifunctional no-tillage fertilizer seeder described in the present embodiment includes a frame 1, a plurality of furrowing and fertilizing units 2, a transmission unit 4, a fertilizer box assembly unit 5, a hydraulic unit 6, a walking unit 7 and a plurality of sowing units 8; the plurality of furrowing and fertilizing units 2 are respectively connected to the frame 1 and are spaced apart along the extension direction of the crossbeam of the frame 1; the plurality of sowing units 8 are respectively connected to the frame 1 and are spaced apart along the extension direction of the crossbeam of the frame 1; the sowing unit 8 is arranged directly behind the furrowing and fertilizing unit 2; the fertilizer box assembly unit 5 is arranged above the frame 1 near one end of the furrowing and fertilizing unit 2; the walking unit 7 is installed on the left and right sides of the frame 1; the hydraulic unit 6 is used to adjust the height of the walking unit 7; and the transmission unit 4 is used to transmit power between the various components of the sowing unit 8.

[0031] The utility model is a multifunctional no-tillage fertilizer seeder equipped with protective tillage technology. It can be operated by tractor traction or hanging on the back according to user needs. It is suitable for conventional sowing such as flat cultivation, no-tillage sowing, ridge cultivation, no-tillage sowing on ridges, wide and narrow row sowing and no-tillage sowing on the side of ridges under the condition of a small amount of corn straw covering, root stubble covering or after tillage and preparation. During operation, it can complete the processes of side deep fertilizer application, cleaning seed bed straw, arranging and compacting seed bed, single seed sowing, squeezing and covering soil, heavy pressing, and mouth fertilizer application at one time.

[0032] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 10 To illustrate this embodiment, in this embodiment, the trenching and fertilizing unit 2 includes a disc trencher 21, a fertilizer dispensing pipe 22, and an electric fertilizer dispenser 23;

[0033] The electric fertilizer discharger 23 is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box of the fertilizer box assembly unit 5 . The electric fertilizer discharger 23 is connected to the disc furrow opener 21 through the lower fertilizer pipe 22 . The disc furrow opener 21 is installed on the frame 1 .

[0034] The electric fertilizer spreader 23 used in this embodiment is mainly composed of a motor and a fertilizer spreader. The motor is driven by a signal to perform fertilizer discharge operations. The amount of fertilizer applied is controlled by a controller. The fertilizer box assembly unit 5 is shared by multiple furrowing and fertilizing units 2. The fertilizer box is used to store fertilizers. The machine ensures sufficient fertilizer during operation within a unit of time. The lower fertilizer pipe 22 connects the fertilizer box and the disc furrow opener 21. Fertilizer flows from the fertilizer box into the disc furrow opener 21 according to the required amount and is then transported to the soil.

[0035] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific implementation mode.

[0036] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figures 1 to 10 To illustrate this embodiment, in this embodiment, the sowing unit 8 includes a stubble removal and loosening component 81, a profiling component 82, a seed box seeding device component 83, a fertilizer box component 84, a pressing wheel component 85, a sowing unit component 86, a depth limiting wheel component 87, a sowing furrowing component 88 and a sowing machine frame 89; the front end of the sowing machine frame 89 is installed on the sowing machine frame 89 through the profiling component 82, and the seed box seeding device component 83 and the fertilizer box component 84 are installed on the upper part of the sowing machine frame 89, the stubble removal and loosening component 81, the sowing furrowing component 88 and the pressing wheel component 85 are sequentially connected to the lower part of the sowing machine frame 89 from front to back, and the sowing furrowing component 88 is provided with a depth limiting wheel component 87 on the left and right sides.

[0037] The parallel four-link profiling assembly 82 of this embodiment realizes independent profiling of a single body. The profiling assembly 82 is a four-link profiling mechanism. The profiling assembly 82 performs overall profiling on the stubble removal and loosening assembly 81, the sowing furrowing assembly 88 and the pressure wheel assembly 85. The corrugated stubble breaking disc 811 breaks the stubble and realizes pre-ditching, the bionic weeding wheel 822 removes the stubble, the sowing furrowing disc digs the furrow, and the seeds fall from the seed box through the seed guide tube of the seeding device into the seed furrow. The depth limiting wheel of the depth limiting wheel assembly 87 realizes profiling along with the ground, which can effectively remove the stubble and accurately control the sowing depth. The corrugated stubble breaking disc 811 is a soil-entering component, and its function is to cut the corn stubble. After the corrugated stubble breaking disc 811 enters the soil, the machine moves forward, the corrugated stubble breaking disc 811 rotates by itself, and the bionic weeding wheel 822 also rotates by itself. After touching the stubble, it rotates by itself under force.

[0038] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific implementation mode.

[0039] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 10 To illustrate this embodiment, in this embodiment, the stubble removing and loosening component 81 includes a corrugated stubble breaking disc 811 and a bionic weeding wheel 812; the corrugated stubble breaking disc 811 is installed on the seed drill frame 89, and the bionic weeding wheels 812 are axially symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the corrugated stubble breaking disc 811.

[0040] The corrugated stubble disc 811 used in this embodiment has a corrugated bionic surface for breaking soil and opening furrows. The disc notch soil cutting blade is obtained by symmetrically cutting the disc body surface with a bionic curve. The disc stubble breaking and entering soil blade has two forms: an arc blade and a bionic toothed blade. The arc blade has a bionic clip, and has excellent soil breaking performance, good soil crushing and stubble cutting performance, and high operating efficiency. The bionic weeding wheel 812 is provided with a plurality of weeding fingers, and the angle α between the weeding fingers and the ground is 25°-40°. The corrugated stubble disc 811 breaks the stubble and realizes pre-ditching, and the bionic weeding wheel 812 removes the stubble.

[0041] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific implementation mode.

[0042] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figures 1 to 10 To explain this embodiment, in this embodiment, a sowing unit assembly 86 is provided directly below the seed box seed metering device assembly 83, the seed box seed metering device assembly 83 is connected to the sowing unit assembly 86, and the sowing unit assembly 86 is equipped with an air suction seed metering device.

[0043] The seeding device used in the sowing unit component 86 of this embodiment preferably adopts the existing air suction seeding device. The seeds enter the seeding device through the seed inlet, and the negative pressure of the air chamber of the seeding device acts on the seeds on the front disk surface of the seed tray. The seeds are adsorbed on the seed tray under the action of negative pressure, and the seed tray rotates to reach the upper part of the seed unloading mechanism. The seed unloading wheel located on the rear disk surface of the seed tray rotates accordingly to push out the adsorbed seeds. At the same time, the negative pressure of the air chamber is also blocked, and the seeds fall into the seeding tube under the combined action of gravity, centrifugal force and the ejection force of the seed unloading wheel to complete the seeding operation.

[0044] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific implementation mode.

[0045] Specific implementation method six: Combination Figures 1 to 10To illustrate this embodiment, in this embodiment, the depth limiting wheel assembly 87 includes a depth limiting frame 871, a depth limiting block 872, two depth limiting wheel arms 873 and two depth limiting wheels 874; the depth limiting wheel arm 873 is rotatably connected to the front end of the depth limiting frame 871 through a rotating shaft, the depth limiting wheel 874 is installed on the corresponding depth limiting wheel arm 873, the depth limiting block 872 is installed on the depth limiting frame 871, the depth limiting block 872 is arranged above the depth limiting wheel arm 873 and abuts against the upper surface of the depth limiting wheel arm 873, and the sowing furrowing assembly 88 is installed on the depth limiting frame 871 and is located between the two depth limiting wheels 874.

[0046] Preferably, the depth limit stopper 872 is provided with an adjustment handle 8721, the upper end of the adjustment handle 8721 is engaged with a plurality of limit snap-fits 8711 provided on the depth limit frame 871, and the depth limit stopper 872 is rotatably connected to the depth limit frame 871 via a rotating shaft.

[0047] When the depth limiting block 872 is adjusted downward in the height direction, the depth limiting block 872 will push the second end of the depth limiting wheel arm 873 to rotate downward around the first end, and the depth limiting wheel 874 arranged at the second end will move downward accordingly, so that the height difference between the bottom of the depth limiting wheel 874 and the bottom of the sowing furrowing assembly 88 will be reduced, that is, the furrowing depth will be reduced; when the depth limiting block 872 is adjusted upward in the height direction, the force exerted by the ground on the depth limiting wheel 874 will be transmitted to the depth limiting wheel arm 873, so that the second end of the depth limiting wheel arm will rotate upward around the first end, and the depth limiting wheel 874 arranged at the second end will move upward accordingly, so that the height difference between the bottom of the depth limiting wheel 874 and the bottom of the sowing furrowing assembly 88 will be increased, that is, the furrowing depth will be increased.

[0048] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific implementation mode.

[0049] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1 to 10 To illustrate this embodiment, in this embodiment, the seeder also includes a monitoring unit 3, and the monitoring unit 3 includes a seed monitor, a fertilizer monitor, a camera, a controller and an operation terminal. The seed monitor, the fertilizer monitor and the camera are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0050] Preferably, the monitoring assembly is composed of a seed monitor, a fertilizer monitor, a camera, a speaker, an alarm light, a data transmission antenna, an operation terminal and a harness. When the machine is operating, it can monitor seeds and fertilizers in real time, alarm for lack of seeds, lack of fertilizer, reseeding and missed seeding, and record the operation conditions, operation tracks and operation areas, and realize data uploading platform. The control program used is the existing technology and does not involve innovation of computer algorithms.

[0051] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific implementation mode.

[0052] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional no-tillage fertilization seeder, characterized in that: The seed drill comprises a frame (1), a plurality of furrowing and fertilizing units (2), a transmission unit (4), a fertilizer box assembly unit (5), a hydraulic unit (6), a walking unit (7) and a plurality of seeding units (8); The plurality of furrowing and fertilizing units (2) are respectively connected to the frame (1) and are spaced apart along the extension direction of the crossbeam of the frame (1); the plurality of sowing units (8) are respectively connected to the frame (1) and are spaced apart along the extension direction of the crossbeam of the frame (1); the sowing unit (8) is arranged directly behind the furrowing and fertilizing unit (2); the fertilizer box assembly unit (5) is arranged above the frame (1) and close to one end of the furrowing and fertilizing unit (2); the walking unit (7) is installed on the left and right sides of the frame (1); the hydraulic unit (6) is used to adjust the height of the walking unit (7); and the transmission unit (4) is used to transmit power between the various components of the sowing unit (8).

2. The multifunctional no-tillage fertilization seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furrowing and fertilizing unit (2) comprises a disc furrowing device (21), a fertilizer discharging pipe (22) and an electric fertilizer discharging device (23); The electric fertilizer discharger (23) is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box of the fertilizer box assembly unit (5); the electric fertilizer discharger (23) is connected to the disc furrow opener (21) via a lower fertilizer pipe (22); and the disc furrow opener (21) is installed on the frame (1).

3. The multifunctional no-tillage fertilization seeder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sowing unit (8) comprises a stubble-removing and soil-loosening component (81), a profiling component (82), a seed box seed metering component (83), a fertilizer box component (84), a pressing wheel component (85), a sowing unit component (86), a depth-limiting wheel component (87), a sowing furrowing component (88) and a sowing machine frame (89); The front end of the seed drill frame (89) is mounted on the frame (1) via a contouring assembly (82); a seed box seed metering assembly (83) and a fertilizer box assembly (84) are mounted on the upper portion of the seed drill frame (89); the stubble removal and loosening assembly (81), the seeding and furrowing assembly (88) and the pressing wheel assembly (85) are sequentially connected to the lower portion of the seed drill frame (89) from front to back; and limited depth wheel assemblies (87) are arranged on the left and right sides of the seeding and furrowing assembly (88).

4. The multifunctional no-tillage fertilization seeder according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The stubble removing and loosening component (81) comprises a corrugated stubble breaking disc (811) and a bionic weeding wheel (812); The corrugated stubble breaking disc (811) is mounted on a seed drill frame (89), and bionic weed-pulling wheels (812) are axially symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the corrugated stubble breaking disc (811).

5. The multifunctional no-tillage fertilization seeder according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The profiling component (82) is a four-link profiling mechanism, and the profiling component (82) performs overall profiling on the stubble removal and loosening component (81), the sowing and furrowing component (88) and the pressing wheel component (85).

6. The multifunctional no-tillage fertilization seeder according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A sowing unit component (86) is arranged directly below the seed box seed metering device component (83). The seed box seed metering device component (83) is connected to the sowing unit component (86), and an air suction seed metering device is installed in the sowing unit component (86).

7. The multifunctional no-tillage fertilization seeder according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The depth limiting wheel assembly (87) comprises a depth limiting frame (871), a depth limiting block (872), two depth limiting wheel arms (873) and two depth limiting wheels (874); The depth limiting wheel arm (873) is rotatably connected to the front end of the depth limiting frame (871) via a rotating shaft; the depth limiting wheel (874) is mounted on the corresponding depth limiting wheel arm (873); the depth limiting block (872) is mounted on the depth limiting frame (871); the depth limiting block (872) is arranged above the depth limiting wheel arm (873) and abuts against the upper surface of the depth limiting wheel arm (873); and the sowing furrowing assembly (88) is mounted on the depth limiting frame (871) and is located between the two depth limiting wheels (874).

8. The multifunctional no-tillage fertilization seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The depth-limiting stopper (872) is provided with an adjustment handle (8721), the upper end of which is engaged with a plurality of position-limiting bayonet holes (8711) provided on the depth-limiting frame (871), and the depth-limiting stopper (872) is rotatably connected to the depth-limiting frame (871) via a rotating shaft.

9. The multifunctional no-tillage fertilization seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed drill further comprises a monitoring unit (3), wherein the monitoring unit (3) comprises a seed monitor, a fertilizer monitor, a camera, a controller and an operation terminal, wherein the seed monitor, the fertilizer monitor and the camera are all electrically connected to the controller.

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