Shear key for laminated plate, laminated plate and sandwich plate

Abstract

The utility model provides a shear key for a laminated plate, the laminated plate and a sandwich plate, and belongs to the field of fabricated buildings, the shear key is arranged on a prefabricated bottom plate of the laminated plate, so that the shear resistance and tension resistance of the prefabricated bottom plate and a cast-in-place layer are improved; the main body and the support legs can be reversely tied and fixed on the laminated slab through the tie mounting pieces, the structure is simple, and the mounting is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of assembled buildings, and in particular relates to a shear key for a composite board, a composite board and a sandwich board. Background Art

[0002] Floor slabs and wall slabs are important components of building structures. The main types of floor slab systems include cast-in-place reinforced concrete slabs, corrugated steel plate-concrete composite slabs, and composite slabs. Although cast-in-place reinforced concrete slabs have good integrity, the on-site formwork workload is large, resulting in low construction efficiency and long construction period; although corrugated steel plate-concrete composite slabs do not require formwork, the workload is large and the bonding strength with concrete is poor, the bottom surface is uneven, and ceiling treatment is often required; composite slabs combine the advantages of both, so they are widely used.

[0003] The composite slab is a composite slab that combines prefabrication and cast-in-place concrete. The composite slab consists of a prefabricated part and a cast-in-place part, which are combined into a whole and work together. During on-site construction, the prefabricated part serves as the formwork for the cast-in-place part, eliminating the need for on-site formwork and improving efficiency.

[0004] However, traditional composite panels also have many unavoidable disadvantages:

[0005] In the steel truss composite floor deck, there is only about 2.5 cm of space between the steel truss and the concrete bottom plate for pipelines, so it is difficult to lay out the pipelines on site;

[0006] The thickness of the prefabricated base plate of ordinary composite panels is mostly 6 cm, which cannot be thinner. If it is thinner, it is easy to crack;

[0007] Steel trusses are set up to avoid bracing for a certain span, but in actual construction sites, most of the scaffolding is full-height, so the role of steel trusses is not significant;

[0008] Traditional composite panels have beard ribs which make them difficult to install on site;

[0009] The components are heavy and the transportation cost is high;

[0010] Factory production requires maintenance, factory building depreciation is large, and the cost is high!

[0011] The precast is only used as the bottom formwork and cannot bear the force synchronously with the cast-in-place layer, which increases the slab thickness;

[0012] The steel truss iron sheet bottom plate method does not meet the fire protection requirements, so the upper layer of concrete needs to be dismantled or fire-proofed after pouring, making the process more complicated.

[0013] Wall panels, especially sandwich wall panels in the field of prefabricated buildings, are installed by passing tie rods through each other and then pulling them together. The installation of the tie rods requires high precision and high technical requirements for the construction workers, which increases costs and reduces efficiency.

[0014] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a composite slab with strong shear and tensile resistance, less steel consumption and simpler process to meet the needs of floor systems with smaller spans.

[0015] It also provides a sandwich wall panel that is easy to install and has a high fault tolerance rate as a promotion standard for wall panels in the field of prefabricated buildings.

[0016] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background technology section of the utility model is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of the utility model, and should not be regarded as an admission or suggestion in any form that the information constitutes prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0017] One purpose of the utility model is to provide a shear key for a composite plate;

[0018] The second purpose of the utility model is to provide a composite board with strong shear and tensile resistance;

[0019] Utility Model The third purpose of the utility model is to provide and promote the application of the above-mentioned composite board and form a sandwich board which is convenient for prefabrication and has a strong structure.

[0020] In order to solve one of the above-mentioned purposes, the utility model first provides a shear key for a composite plate, which is installed on the prefabricated base plate of the composite plate, and is characterized in that it includes a main body, a support leg and a tie-down mounting member; the support leg is installed on the main body, one end of the tie-down mounting member is installed on the prefabricated base plate through a hole, and the other end is reversely tied to the main body, and the support leg is supported on the prefabricated base plate.

[0021] Preferably, there are a plurality of supporting legs, and the plurality of supporting legs are installed on the main body to form an anchor claw shape, and are reversely tied and supported on the prefabricated bottom plate by the tie-down mounting member.

[0022] Preferably, the tie-down mounting member is a tie-down screw, the main body is provided with a main body threaded hole; the prefabricated bottom plate is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole, the threaded section of the tie-down screw is installed in the main body threaded hole and is tied and fixed through the bottom plate mounting hole.

[0023] Preferably, the tie-down mounting member comprises a tie-down rod and two mounting members, the main body is provided with a main body mounting hole, the prefabricated bottom plate is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole, the tie-down rod is passed through the main body mounting hole and the bottom plate mounting hole, mounting members are respectively installed at both ends of the tie-down rod, and the two mounting members are respectively pressed against the main body and the prefabricated bottom plate.

[0024] Preferably, a steel bar limiting groove is formed at the bottom of the support leg for limiting the installation of structural bars of the cast-in-place layer in the composite slab.

[0025] Preferably, the number of the supporting legs is four, which are arranged vertically and horizontally; two of the supporting legs form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body along the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal structural reinforcements in the structural reinforcement are limited and installed in the steel bar limiting groove; two of the supporting legs form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body along the transverse direction, and the transverse structural reinforcements in the structural reinforcement are limited and installed in the steel bar limiting groove.

[0026] Preferably, a spacer is provided between the structural reinforcement and the prefabricated bottom plate.

[0027] The technical effects of the above technical solution of the utility model come from one or more of the following combinations:

[0028] When the shear key of the present invention is used for a composite board, it has a simple structure and is easy to install; the main body and the supporting legs can be reversely tied and fixed on the composite board through the tie-tie installation piece.

[0029] The shear key anchor claw structure makes the support stable and fully contacts and grips the concrete during post-cast concrete; the arched support structure of each leg provides better stress support.

[0030] The anchor claw structure forms sufficient concrete pouring space between the main body and the bottom plate mounting hole, so that the cast-in-place concrete can fully fill the pores of the bottom plate mounting hole, and some of its gaps are sealed with concrete mortar. Compared with the traditional "screw + nut" shear-resistant structure, nuts need to be installed on both sides of the bottom plate mounting hole, so that the prefabricated mounting hole is blocked by the installation nuts on the cast-in-place layer side, and the pores cannot be filled.

[0031] The anchor claw-type barb is in the form of an anchor. After the cast-in-place layer is poured with concrete, its reverse pulling force is much greater than the traditional "screw + nut" shear-resistant structure.

[0032] In order to solve the above-mentioned second purpose, the utility model provides a composite slab, characterized in that it at least includes a prefabricated base plate and a plurality of the above-mentioned shear keys for the composite slab; a cast-in-place layer is formed on the prefabricated base plate, a plurality of the shear keys for the composite slab are installed on the prefabricated base plate to form a prefabricated part, and the shear keys for the composite slab and the structural reinforcement are located in the cast-in-place layer.

[0033] Preferably, the prefabricated base plate is provided with a base plate mounting hole, the base plate mounting hole is a countersunk hole, and the anchor mounting piece is installed through the countersunk hole and does not protrude from the plate surface of the prefabricated base plate.

[0034] Preferably, a rough surface is formed on a side of the prefabricated base plate facing the cast-in-place layer; and the rough surface is implemented as gridded protrusions.

[0035] Preferably, the edges of the prefabricated bottom plate are provided with grooves; the grooves of adjacent composite plates are spliced ​​together to form a caulking groove.

[0036] The technical effects of the above technical solution of the utility model come from one or more of the following combinations:

[0037] The present application increases the shear and tensile resistance of the prefabricated base plate and the cast-in-place layer by arranging shear keys on the prefabricated base plate; the main body and the supporting legs can be reversely tied and fixed on the composite plate through the tie-tie mounting parts, which has a simple structure and is easy to install.

[0038] The shear key anchor claw structure makes the support stable and fully contacts and grips the concrete during post-poured concrete; the arched support structure of each leg enables it to form better stress support.

[0039] Countersunk holes are set to hide the tie-anchor mounting parts, making the surface of the prefabricated base plate smooth, which is convenient for subsequent puttying and other processes.

[0040] A groove (chamfer structure) is provided at the edge of the prefabricated base plate. When multiple composite plates are assembled, the grooves of adjacent composite plates are assembled to form a filling groove, which is convenient for covering the gaps when applying putty in the later stage.

[0041] Compared with the traditional steel truss composite slab, this solution will use less steel. Compared with the current development of new materials, the strength of the prefabricated base plate and cast-in-place layer has been greatly improved. With the shear key of this application, the strength requirement can be abandoned for steel trusses, thereby saving steel.

[0042] The use of fiber concrete slabs can reduce the slab thickness. The slabs are thin and have no truss bars, making the passage of pipelines unobstructed and saving labor.

[0043] Prefabricated base plates and shear structures can be produced in a standardized manner and then assembled.

[0044] No truss reinforcement, saving steel content

[0045] Since the prefabricated base plate is provided with shear keys, the prefabricated base plate is also provided with a rough surface and has high strength, it can participate in structural force at the same time.

[0046] It is easy to install on the construction site and can be closely spliced. The prefabricated base plates in this scheme are mostly less than 2 cm, and the cast-in-place layer is thick, so the seams will not crack due to close splicing and filling.

[0047] In order to solve the above three purposes, the utility model provides a sandwich panel, characterized in that it includes two prefabricated parts of the above-mentioned composite panels; the shear keys and / or the structural reinforcements of the two prefabricated parts are pulled against each other by tension members.

[0048] Preferably, the tensioning member comprises a tensioning body and two tensioning parts, the two tensioning parts are located at two ends of the tensioning body, and the two tensioning parts are respectively tied to structural ribs on two superimposed plates.

[0049] Preferably, the pulling portion is implemented as a ring and / or a hook.

[0050] Preferably, a sandwich layer is formed between the two composite plates, and the structural reinforcement and the shear key are located in the sandwich layer; the outer area of ​​the sandwich layer is defined as the outer area, and the middle area of ​​the sandwich layer is defined as the middle area; the rings at both ends of the tension member in the outer area are respectively sleeved on the structural reinforcement on the two composite plates; the hooks at both ends of the tension member in the middle area are respectively hooked on the structural reinforcement on the two composite plates.

[0051] Preferably, at least in the two laminated plates of the peripheral zone, diagonal braces are provided between the structural ribs; the diagonal braces, the tension members and the structural ribs form a triangular stable structure.

[0052] The technical effects of the above technical solution of the utility model come from one or more of the following combinations:

[0053] The present application connects the prefabricated parts of two composite panels together through tension members, and the two prefabricated bottom panels form a panel, and the cast-in-place layer in the middle forms the sandwich layer of the sandwich panel; the entire panel can be prefabricated in a factory, and the prefabricated parts can also be transported to the site for cast-in-place molding, which is simple and convenient in terms of process.

[0054] By setting shear keys on the prefabricated bottom plate, the shear and tensile resistance of the prefabricated bottom plate and the sandwich layer are increased; the main body and the supporting legs can be reversely tied and fixed to the prefabricated bottom plate through the tie-tie installation parts, which has a simple structure and is easy to install.

[0055] The shear key anchor claw structure makes the support stable and fully contacts and grips the concrete during post-poured concrete; the arched support structure of each leg enables it to form better stress support.

[0056] Countersunk holes are set to hide the tie-anchor mounting parts, making the surface of the prefabricated base plate smooth, which is convenient for subsequent puttying and other processes.

[0057] Compared with the traditional steel truss sandwich panel, this solution will use less steel. Compared with the current development of new materials, the strength of prefabricated base plates and cast-in-place layers has been greatly improved. With the shear keys of this application, the strength requirements of steel trusses can be abandoned, thereby saving steel. More importantly, this technology is used as a wall panel, which is easy to install, has a high fault tolerance rate (unlike traditional tension screws, which require high precision), and has high factory production efficiency.

[0058] The use of fiber concrete slabs can reduce the thickness of the slabs. The slabs are thin and have no truss bars, which makes the passage of pipelines unobstructed and saves labor.

[0059] Prefabricated base plates and shear structures can be produced in a standardized manner and then assembled.

[0060] No truss reinforcement, saving steel content

[0061] Since the prefabricated base plate is provided with shear keys, the prefabricated base plate is also provided with a rough surface and has high strength, it can participate in structural force at the same time.

[0062] It is easy to install on the construction site and can be closely spliced. The prefabricated base plates in this scheme are mostly less than 2 cm, and the cast-in-place layer is thick, so the seams will not crack due to close splicing and filling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the shear key for the composite plate in the utility model is expressed.

[0064] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the shear key for the composite plate in the utility model is expressed.

[0065] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the composite plate in the utility model is expressed.

[0066] Figure 4 Another perspective structural schematic diagram of the composite plate in the utility model is expressed.

[0067] Figure 5 A side view of the composite plate of the present invention is shown.

[0068] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the splicing of the composite panels in the utility model is expressed.

[0069] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the assembly of the composite plate and the structural ribs in the utility model is expressed.

[0070] Figure 8 A side view of a sandwich panel of the present invention is shown.

[0071] Fig. 9 The schematic diagram of the sandwich layer structure of the sandwich panel in the utility model is expressed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The following description is given to enable those skilled in the art to implement and use the utility model and incorporate it into specific application contexts. Various modifications, as well as various uses in different applications will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein are applicable to a wide range of embodiments. Thus, the utility model is not limited to the embodiments given herein, but should be granted the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0073] In the following detailed description, many specific details are set forth to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the practice of the present invention need not be limited to these specific details. In other words, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form without detailed display to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0074] The reader is reminded of all documents and literature filed simultaneously with this specification and open to public inspection, and the contents of all such documents and literature are incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise directly stated, all features disclosed in this specification (including any attached claims, abstracts and drawings) can be replaced by alternative features for achieving the same, equivalent or similar purposes. Therefore, unless otherwise explicitly stated, each feature disclosed is only an example of a group of equivalent or similar features.

[0075] Note that, where used, the symbols left, right, front, back, top, bottom, forward, reverse, clockwise and counterclockwise are used only for convenience and do not imply any specific fixed direction. In fact, they are used to reflect the relative position and / or direction between the various parts of the object. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0076] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0077] Note that, in the case of use, further, preferably, further and more preferably are simple beginnings for explaining another embodiment based on the previous embodiment, and the content of further, preferably, further or more preferably followed by the above embodiment is combined with the previous embodiment as a complete composition of another embodiment. Several further, preferably, further or more preferably settings followed by the same embodiment can be arbitrarily combined to form another embodiment.

[0078] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Note that the aspects described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0079] Embodiment 1:

[0080] See also Figure 1 to Figure 6 This embodiment provides a shear key 1 for a composite board, which is installed on a prefabricated bottom plate 2 of the composite board, and its structure includes a main body 11, a support leg 12 and a tie-down mounting member 13. For details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The support leg 12 is installed on the main body 11 , one end of the tie-down mounting member 13 is installed on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 through a hole, and the other end is tied to the main body 11 , and the support leg 12 is supported on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 .

[0081] In this embodiment, the main body 11 is a structural mounting carrier for the support leg 12 and the tie-down mounting member 13. It can be an independent component or a component integrally formed with the support leg 12, and is not necessarily limited to a specific shape. Preferably, the main body 11 can be block-shaped, column-shaped, etc. In the subsequent implementations of this embodiment, the main body 11 is implemented as a sleeve shape to cooperate with the installation of the tie-down mounting member 13.

[0082] Furthermore, in order to improve the installation stability of the shear key and the uniformity of the force acting on the precast base plate 2. As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the number of the legs 12 is multiple, and the multiple legs 12 are installed on the main body 11 to form an anchor claw shape, and are supported by the anchor mounting member 13 on the precast base plate 2. Preferably, the legs 12 are arch supports. On the one hand, the arch structure of the bending moment can increase the contact area with the cast-in-place layer concrete, and on the other hand, the arch support can also provide better shear resistance.

[0083] In this embodiment, the anchoring mounting member 13 is intended to anchor the main body 11 and the supporting legs 12 to the prefabricated base plate 2 in reverse. This embodiment provides the following two forms as preferred implementations:

[0084] 1. The tie-down mounting member 13 is a tie-down screw rod, and the main body 11 is provided with a main body threaded hole. The prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20. The threaded section of the tie-down screw rod is installed in the main body threaded hole and is tied and fixed through the bottom plate mounting hole 20. The nut of the tie-down screw rod is located in the bottom plate mounting hole 20. Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0085] Second, the tie-up mounting member 13 includes a tie-up rod and two mounting members, the main body 11 is provided with a main body mounting hole, the prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20, the tie-up rod is passed through the main body mounting hole and the bottom plate mounting hole 20, mounting members are respectively installed at both ends of the tie-up rod, and the two mounting members are respectively pressed against the main body 11 and the prefabricated bottom plate 2. Although this embodiment is not shown in the figure, those skilled in the art should know that, preferably, the mounting member can be a mounting nut, and the two ends of the tie-up rod are provided with a threaded section, and the mounting nut is installed on the threaded section and pressed against the main body 11 and the prefabricated bottom plate 2, thereby playing a tie-up role.

[0086] Further, please combine Figure 2 and Figure 7 In order to more conveniently fix the structural reinforcement of the cast-in-place layer (later implemented as longitudinal structural reinforcement 32 and transverse structural reinforcement 31), a steel bar limiting groove 120 is formed at the bottom of the support leg 12, which is used to limit the installation of the structural reinforcement of the cast-in-place layer in the composite slab. Specifically, the number of the support legs 12 is four, which are arranged vertically and horizontally. Two of the support legs 12 form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body along the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal structural reinforcement 32 in the structural reinforcement is limitedly installed in the steel bar limiting groove 120; two of the support legs 12 form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body 11 along the transverse direction, and the transverse structural reinforcement 31 in the structural reinforcement is limitedly installed in the steel bar limiting groove 120. Preferably, the steel bar limiting groove 120 can be a closed groove or an open groove. As a preferred implementation mode of this embodiment, the steel bar limiting groove 120 in this embodiment adopts an open groove.

[0087] Furthermore, a spacer (not shown) is provided between the structural reinforcement and the prefabricated bottom plate 2, so as to facilitate the overall embedding of the structural reinforcement in the cast-in-place layer, and no spacer is required when a closed groove is used.

[0088] Beneficial effects of this embodiment:

[0089] When the shear key of the present invention is used for a composite board, it has a simple structure and is easy to install. The main body 11 and the supporting legs 12 can be reversely fastened and fixed on the composite board by the fastening mounting member 13 .

[0090] The shear key anchor claw structure makes the support stable and fully contacts and grips the concrete during post-cast concrete; the arched support structure of each support leg 12 provides better stress support.

[0091] The anchor claw structure forms sufficient concrete pouring space between the main body and the bottom plate mounting hole, so that the cast-in-place concrete can fully fill the pores of the bottom plate mounting hole, and some of its gaps are sealed with concrete mortar. Compared with the traditional "screw + nut" shear-resistant structure, nuts need to be installed on both sides of the bottom plate mounting hole, so that the prefabricated mounting hole is blocked by the installation nuts on the cast-in-place layer side, and the pores cannot be filled.

[0092] The anchor claw-type barb is in the form of an anchor. After the cast-in-place layer is poured with concrete, its reverse pulling force is much greater than the traditional "screw + nut" shear-resistant structure.

[0093] The provision of steel bar limiting grooves can eliminate the need for processes such as binding and installation of the cast-in-place layer steel bars, and they can be directly fixed to the prefabricated base plate through shear key tie-downs, which is simple and convenient and saves materials and labor.

[0094] Embodiment 2:

[0095] See also Figure 1 to Figure 6 This embodiment provides a composite slab, comprising at least a prefabricated bottom plate 2 and a plurality of composite slab shear keys 1. A cast-in-place layer is formed on the prefabricated bottom plate 2, and a plurality of composite slab shear keys 1 are installed on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 to form a prefabricated part, wherein the shear keys 1 and structural reinforcement of the prefabricated part are located in the cast-in-place layer.

[0096] The shear key 1 for composite slabs comprises a main body 11, a support leg 12 and a tie-down mounting member 13. Specifically, the support leg 12 is mounted on the main body 11, one end of the tie-down mounting member 13 is mounted on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 through a hole, and the other end is tied to the main body 11, and the support leg 12 is supported on the prefabricated bottom plate 2.

[0097] In this embodiment, the main body 11 is a structural mounting carrier for the support leg 12 and the tie-down mounting member 13. It can be an independent component or a component integrally formed with the support leg 12, and is not necessarily limited to a specific shape. Preferably, the main body 11 can be block-shaped, column-shaped, etc. In the subsequent implementations of this embodiment, the main body 11 is implemented as a sleeve shape to cooperate with the installation of the tie-down mounting member 13.

[0098] Furthermore, in order to improve the installation stability of the shear key and the uniformity of the force acting on the precast base plate 2. As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the number of the legs 12 is multiple, and the multiple legs 12 are installed on the main body 11 to form an anchor claw shape, and are supported by the anchor mounting member 13 on the precast base plate 2. Preferably, the legs 12 are arch supports. On the one hand, the arch structure of the bending moment can increase the contact area with the cast-in-place layer concrete, and on the other hand, the arch support can also provide better shear resistance.

[0099] In this embodiment, the anchoring mounting member 13 is intended to anchor the main body 11 and the supporting legs 12 to the prefabricated base plate 2 in reverse. This embodiment provides the following two forms as preferred implementations:

[0100] 1. The tie-down mounting member 13 is a tie-down screw rod, and the main body 11 is provided with a main body threaded hole. The prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20. The threaded section of the tie-down screw rod is installed in the main body threaded hole and is tied and fixed through the bottom plate mounting hole 20. The nut of the tie-down screw rod is located in the bottom plate mounting hole 20. Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0101] Second, the tie-up mounting member 13 includes a tie-up rod and two mounting members, the main body 11 is provided with a main body mounting hole, the prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20, the tie-up rod is passed through the main body mounting hole and the bottom plate mounting hole 20, mounting members are respectively installed at both ends of the tie-up rod, and the two mounting members are respectively pressed against the main body 11 and the prefabricated bottom plate 2. Although this embodiment is not shown in the figure, those skilled in the art should know that, preferably, the mounting member can be a mounting nut, and the two ends of the tie-up rod are provided with a threaded section, and the mounting nut is installed on the threaded section and pressed against the main body 11 and the prefabricated bottom plate 2, thereby playing a tie-up role.

[0102] Further, please combine Figure 2 and Figure 7 In order to more conveniently fix the structural reinforcement of the cast-in-place layer (later implemented as longitudinal structural reinforcement 32 and transverse structural reinforcement 31), a steel bar limiting groove 120 is formed at the bottom of the support leg 12, which is used to limit the installation of the structural reinforcement of the cast-in-place layer in the composite slab. Specifically, the number of the support legs 12 is four, which are arranged vertically and horizontally. Two of the support legs 12 form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body along the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal structural reinforcement 32 in the structural reinforcement is limitedly installed in the steel bar limiting groove 120; two of the support legs 12 form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body 11 along the transverse direction, and the transverse structural reinforcement 31 in the structural reinforcement is limitedly installed in the steel bar limiting groove 120. Preferably, the steel bar limiting groove 120 can be a closed groove or an open groove. As a preferred implementation mode of this embodiment, the steel bar limiting groove 120 in this embodiment adopts an open groove.

[0103] Furthermore, a spacer (not shown) is provided between the structural reinforcement and the prefabricated bottom plate 2, so as to facilitate the overall embedding of the structural reinforcement in the cast-in-place layer, and no spacer is required when a closed groove is used.

[0104] As mentioned above, the prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20, which is a countersunk hole, and the tie-down mounting member 13 is installed through the countersunk hole and does not protrude from the surface of the prefabricated bottom plate 2. Figure 1 and Figure 4When the tie-down mounting member 13 is a tie-down screw rod, the nut portion is located in the countersunk hole and is flush with the surface of the prefabricated bottom plate 2; when the tie-down mounting member 13 includes a tie-down rod and two mounting nuts, the mounting nuts that are pressed against the prefabricated bottom plate 2 are located in the countersunk hole (see Figure 4 )Inside.

[0105] For further information, see Figure 3 and Figure 5 The side of the prefabricated bottom plate 2 facing the cast-in-place layer is formed with a rough surface 21. This facilitates the combination of the concrete of the cast-in-place layer and the prefabricated bottom plate 2. Traditional composite panels are grooved by raking with nails, while the rough surface 21 of the present application is implemented as a grid-shaped protrusion, which can be formed by laying a net and pressing it down.

[0106] For further information, see Figure 6 In order to meet the installation of multiple composite panels with a large span, a groove 22 is provided at the edge of the prefabricated bottom plate 2. The grooves 22 of adjacent composite panels are assembled to form a caulking groove 220, which is convenient for subsequent puttying in the caulking groove 220 to form a flat butt edge and fill the gap.

[0107] The prefabrication method of the composite plate in this embodiment includes:

[0108] S1 prefabricated base plate 2 forming:

[0109] Specifically, a base plate mounting hole 20 is provided on the prefabricated base plate 2. The prefabricated base plate 2 is made of a high-performance concrete plate, a fiber concrete plate or a prestressed concrete plate. In actual construction, the strength is not less than C30. Alternatively, a high-polymer insulation plate is used, which provides structural strength and insulation effect at the same time.

[0110] The bottom plate mounting hole 20 is a countersunk hole, and its size is related to the size of the subsequent anchor mounting member 13 .

[0111] Furthermore, in the step of forming the prefabricated bottom plate 2, when the prefabricated bottom plate 2 is not solidified, a mesh is laid down on the side of the prefabricated bottom plate 2 facing the cast-in-place layer to form a rough surface 21. Conventional composite panels are grooved by raking with nails, while the rough surface 21 of the present application is implemented as a grid-shaped protrusion, which can be formed by laying a mesh and pressing down.

[0112] Furthermore, in order to meet the installation of multiple composite panels with a large span, a groove 22 is provided at the edge of the prefabricated bottom plate 2. The grooves 22 of adjacent composite panels are assembled to form a caulking groove 220, which is convenient for subsequent puttying in the caulking groove 220 to form a flat butt edge and fill the gap.

[0113] S2 Installation of composite slabs with shear key 1 forming prefabricated parts:

[0114] Specifically, one end of the tie-down mounting member 13 of the shear key is installed on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 through a hole, and the other end is tied to the main body 11 , so that the support leg 12 is supported on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 .

[0115] The shear key 1 for composite slabs comprises a main body 11, a support leg 12 and a tie-down mounting member 13. Specifically, the support leg 12 is mounted on the main body 11, one end of the tie-down mounting member 13 is mounted on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 through a hole, and the other end is tied to the main body 11, and the support leg 12 is supported on the prefabricated bottom plate 2.

[0116] In this embodiment, the main body 11 is a structural mounting carrier for the support leg 12 and the tie-down mounting member 13. It can be an independent component or a component integrally formed with the support leg 12, and is not necessarily limited to a specific shape. Preferably, the main body 11 can be block-shaped, column-shaped, etc. In the subsequent implementations of this embodiment, the main body 11 is implemented as a sleeve shape to cooperate with the installation of the tie-down mounting member 13.

[0117] Furthermore, in order to improve the installation stability of the shear key and the uniformity of the force acting on the precast base plate 2. As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, there are multiple legs 12, and multiple legs 12 are installed on the main body 11 to form an anchor claw shape, and are supported by the anchor mounting member 13 on the precast base plate 2. Preferably, the legs 12 are arch supports. On the one hand, the arch structure of the bending moment can increase the contact area with the cast-in-place layer concrete, and on the other hand, the arch support can also provide a part of the shear resistance.

[0118] In this embodiment, the anchoring mounting member 13 is intended to anchor the main body 11 and the supporting legs 12 to the prefabricated base plate 2 in reverse. This embodiment provides the following two forms as preferred implementations:

[0119] 1. The tie-down mounting member 13 is a tie-down screw rod, and the main body 11 is provided with a main body threaded hole. The prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20. The threaded section of the tie-down screw rod is installed in the main body threaded hole and is tied and fixed through the bottom plate mounting hole 20. Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0120] Second, the tie-up mounting member 13 includes a tie-up rod and two mounting members, the main body 11 is provided with a main body mounting hole, the prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20, the tie-up rod is passed through the main body mounting hole and the bottom plate mounting hole 20, mounting members are respectively installed at both ends of the tie-up rod, and the two mounting members are respectively pressed against the main body 11 and the prefabricated bottom plate 2. Although this embodiment is not shown in the figure, those skilled in the art should know that, preferably, the mounting member can be a mounting nut, and the two ends of the tie-up rod are provided with a threaded section, and the mounting nut is installed on the threaded section and pressed against the main body 11 and the prefabricated bottom plate 2, thereby playing a tie-up role.

[0121] Further, please combine Figure 7 and Figure 2 In order to more conveniently fix the structural reinforcement of the cast-in-place layer, a steel bar limiting groove 120 is formed at the bottom of the support leg, which is used to limit the installation of the structural reinforcement of the cast-in-place layer in the composite slab. Specifically, the number of the support legs 12 is four, which are arranged vertically and horizontally. Two of the support legs 12 form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body along the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal structural reinforcement 32 in the structural reinforcement is limited and installed in the steel bar limiting groove 120; two of the support legs 12 form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body 11 along the transverse direction, and the transverse structural reinforcement 31 in the structural reinforcement is limited and installed in the steel bar limiting groove 120. Preferably, the steel bar limiting groove 120 can be a closed groove or an open groove. As a preferred implementation mode of this embodiment, the steel bar limiting groove 120 in this embodiment adopts an open groove.

[0122] Furthermore, a spacer (not shown) is provided between the structural reinforcement and the prefabricated bottom plate 2, so as to facilitate the overall embedding of the structural reinforcement in the cast-in-place layer, and no spacer is required when a closed groove is used.

[0123] The longitudinal structural ribs 32 and the transverse structural ribs 31 are combined into a steel mesh to form a cross-shaped structure at the node. The steel bar limit groove 120 with the shear key can be easily installed. Preferably, the nodes of the steel mesh are welded and fixed; and the main threaded hole or the main mounting hole of the shear key (depending on which of the above embodiments is adopted) can be eccentrically set to avoid the cross node.

[0124] As mentioned above, the prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20, which is a countersunk hole, and the tie-down mounting member 13 is installed through the countersunk hole and does not protrude from the surface of the prefabricated bottom plate 2. Figure 1 and Figure 4 When the tie-down mounting member 13 is a tie-down screw rod, the nut portion is located in the countersunk hole and is flush with the surface of the prefabricated base plate 2; when the tie-down mounting member 13 includes a tie-down rod and two mounting nuts, the mounting nut pressed against the prefabricated base plate 2 is located in the countersunk hole.

[0125] S3 cast-in-place molding:

[0126] Specifically, the cast-in-place layer on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 is poured with concrete until the shear keys and structural reinforcement are covered, and a protective layer should be reserved on the top (this is common sense, so it is not repeated here). The concrete of the cast-in-place layer can be fiber concrete or high-performance concrete, and its strength grade should be no less than C30.

[0127] Beneficial effects of this embodiment:

[0128] The present application increases the shear and tensile resistance of the prefabricated base plate 2 and the cast-in-place layer by setting shear keys on the prefabricated base plate 2; the main body 11 and the support legs 12 can be reversely tied and fixed on the composite plate through the tie-fastening mounting parts 13, which has a simple structure and is easy to install.

[0129] The shear key anchor claw structure makes the support stable and fully contacts and grips the concrete in the post-cast concrete; the arched support structure of each support leg 12 forms a better stress support.

[0130] Countersunk holes are provided to conveniently hide the tie-fastening mounting member 13, so that the surface of the prefabricated base plate 2 is flat, which is convenient for subsequent processes such as puttying.

[0131] A groove 22 (chamfered structure) is provided at the edge of the prefabricated bottom plate 2. When a plurality of composite plates are assembled, the grooves 22 of adjacent composite plates are assembled to form a caulking groove 220, which is convenient for covering the joint gaps when applying putty later.

[0132] The prefabricated bottom plate 2 is made of high-performance concrete plate, fiber concrete plate or prestressed concrete plate. In actual construction, the strength grade is not less than C30. Alternatively, a high-polymer insulation plate is used, which provides structural strength and insulation effect.

[0133] Compared with the traditional steel truss composite slab, this solution will use less steel. Compared with the current development of new materials, the strength of the prefabricated base plate and cast-in-place layer has been greatly improved. With the shear key of this application, the strength requirement can be abandoned for steel trusses, thereby saving steel.

[0134] The use of fiber concrete slabs can reduce the thickness of the slabs. The slabs are thin and have no truss bars, which makes the passage of pipelines unobstructed and saves labor.

[0135] Prefabricated base plates and shear structures can be produced in a standardized manner and then assembled.

[0136] No truss reinforcement, saving steel content

[0137] Since the prefabricated base plate is provided with shear keys, the prefabricated base plate is also provided with a rough surface and has high strength, it can participate in structural force at the same time.

[0138] It is easy to install on the construction site and can be closely spliced. The prefabricated base plates in this scheme are mostly less than 2 cm, and the cast-in-place layer is thick, so the seams will not crack due to close splicing and filling.

[0139] In this embodiment, the shear keys are installed on the prefabricated base plate 2 by reverse tie-tying. Compared with the traditional embedding method, the shear keys can be disassembled and assembled at any time, which is convenient for transportation; at the same time, the installation is also convenient.

[0140] The shear key is supported on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 through an anchor claw structure, so that the shear key itself can also be used as a hoisting point for hoisting, and the structure is stable and not easy to be damaged.

[0141] Embodiment 3:

[0142] The present embodiment provides a sandwich panel, comprising two prefabricated parts of the composite panels in the embodiment 2; the composite panels of the two composite panels are tensioned by shear keys 1 and / or structural reinforcements through tension members 4. Specifically, the shear keys 1 and the prefabricated bottom plate 2 and the structural reinforcements are formed as a whole by reverse tensioning. Therefore, the two composite panels are arranged opposite to each other, and can be tensioned by the shear key 1 between them; or by the structural reinforcements between them (later implemented as longitudinal structural reinforcements 32 and transverse structural reinforcements 31); or by adaptively selecting shear keys 1 and structural reinforcements for tensioning (because the tension members 4 are usually set in multiples). Considering the convenience of structural installation, the present embodiment adopts the form of structural reinforcement tensioning for detailed description, and the actual construction does not limit this implementation method to be the only one.

[0143] See also Figure 1 to Figure 6 Combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 The above-mentioned composite slab at least comprises a prefabricated bottom plate 2 and a plurality of composite slab shear keys 1. The plurality of composite slab shear keys 1 are installed on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 to form a prefabricated part; a sandwich layer (cast concrete) is sandwiched between the two prefabricated parts.

[0144] The shear key 1 for composite slabs comprises a main body 11, a support leg 12 and a tie-down mounting member 13. Specifically, the support leg 12 is mounted on the main body 11, one end of the tie-down mounting member 13 is mounted on the prefabricated bottom plate 2 through a hole, and the other end is tied to the main body 11, and the support leg 12 is supported on the prefabricated bottom plate 2.

[0145] In this embodiment, the main body 11 is a structural mounting carrier for the support leg 12 and the tie-down mounting member 13. It can be an independent component or a component integrally formed with the support leg 12, and is not necessarily limited to a specific shape. Preferably, the main body 11 can be block-shaped, column-shaped, etc. In the subsequent implementations of this embodiment, the main body 11 is implemented as a sleeve shape to cooperate with the installation of the tie-down mounting member 13.

[0146] Furthermore, in order to improve the installation stability of the shear key and the uniformity of the force acting on the precast base plate 2. As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the number of the legs 12 is multiple, and the multiple legs 12 are installed on the main body 11 to form an anchor claw shape, and are supported by the anchor mounting member 13 on the precast base plate 2. Preferably, the legs 12 are arch supports. On the one hand, the arch structure of the bending moment can increase the contact area with the cast-in-place layer concrete, and on the other hand, the arch support can also provide a part of the prestress.

[0147] In this embodiment, the anchoring mounting member 13 is intended to anchor the main body 11 and the supporting legs 12 to the prefabricated base plate 2 in reverse. This embodiment provides the following two forms as preferred implementations:

[0148] 1. The tie-down mounting member 13 is a tie-down screw rod, and the main body 11 is provided with a main body threaded hole. The prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20. The threaded section of the tie-down screw rod is installed in the main body threaded hole and is tied and fixed through the bottom plate mounting hole 20. Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0149] Second, the tie-up mounting member 13 includes a tie-up rod and two mounting members, the main body 11 is provided with a main body mounting hole, the prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20, the tie-up rod is passed through the main body mounting hole and the bottom plate mounting hole 20, mounting members are respectively installed at both ends of the tie-up rod, and the two mounting members are respectively pressed against the main body 11 and the prefabricated bottom plate 2. Although this embodiment is not shown in the figure, those skilled in the art should know that, preferably, the mounting member can be a mounting nut, and the two ends of the tie-up rod are provided with a threaded section, and the mounting nut is installed on the threaded section and pressed against the main body 11 and the prefabricated bottom plate 2, thereby playing a tie-up role.

[0150] Further, please combine Figure 2 and Figure 7 In order to more conveniently fix the structural reinforcement of the cast-in-place layer, a steel bar limiting groove 120 is formed at the bottom of the support leg, which is used to limit the installation of the structural reinforcement of the cast-in-place layer in the composite slab. Specifically, the number of the support legs 12 is four, which are arranged vertically and horizontally. Two of the support legs 12 form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body along the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal structural reinforcement 32 in the structural reinforcement is limited and installed in the steel bar limiting groove 120; two of the support legs 12 form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body 11 along the transverse direction, and the transverse structural reinforcement 31 in the structural reinforcement is limited and installed in the steel bar limiting groove 120. Preferably, the steel bar limiting groove 120 can be a closed groove or an open groove. As a preferred implementation mode of this embodiment, the steel bar limiting groove 120 in this embodiment adopts an open groove.

[0151] Furthermore, a spacer (not shown) is provided between the structural reinforcement and the prefabricated bottom plate 2, so as to facilitate the overall embedding of the structural reinforcement in the cast-in-place layer, and no spacer is required when a closed groove is used.

[0152] As mentioned above, the prefabricated bottom plate 2 is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole 20, which is a countersunk hole, and the tie-down mounting member 13 is installed through the countersunk hole and does not protrude from the surface of the prefabricated bottom plate 2. Figure 1 and Figure 4 When the tie-down mounting member 13 is a tie-down screw rod, the nut portion is located in the countersunk hole and is flush with the surface of the prefabricated bottom plate 2; when the tie-down mounting member 13 includes a tie-down rod and two mounting nuts, the mounting nuts that are pressed against the prefabricated bottom plate 2 are located in the countersunk hole (see Figure 4 )Inside.

[0153] For further information, see Figure 5The side of the prefabricated bottom plate 2 facing the cast-in-place layer is formed with a rough surface 21. This facilitates the combination of the concrete of the cast-in-place layer and the prefabricated bottom plate 2. Traditional composite panels are grooved by raking with nails, while the rough surface 21 of the present application is implemented as a grid-shaped protrusion, which can be formed by laying a net and pressing it down.

[0154] For further information, see Figure 6 In order to meet the installation requirements of multiple sandwich panels with large spans, a groove 22 is provided at the edge of the prefabricated bottom plate 2. The grooves 22 of adjacent sandwich panels are combined to form a caulking groove 220, which is convenient for applying putty in the caulking groove 220 to form a smooth butt edge and fill the gap. When the sandwich panel is used as a wall, the groove 22 can be omitted on the side of the bottom that contacts the foundation structure, because it does not need to be spliced ​​with the adjacent structure.

[0155] The tension member 4 is used as a mounting member for the prefabricated parts of the two laminated plates. Specifically, the tension member 4 includes a tension body and two tension parts, the two tension parts are located at both ends of the tension body, and the two tension parts are preferably tied to the structural ribs on the two laminated plates. Further, the tension part is implemented as a ring and / or a hook.

[0156] Please combine Fig. 9 As a preferred implementation of this embodiment, a sandwich layer is formed between the prefabricated parts of the two composite plates, and the structural ribs and the shear key 1 are located in the sandwich layer; the outer area of ​​the sandwich layer is defined as the outer area, and the middle area of ​​the sandwich layer is defined as the middle area; the rings at both ends of the tension member 41 in the outer area are respectively sleeved on the structural ribs (longitudinal structural ribs 32 or transverse structural ribs 31) on the two composite plates; the hooks at both ends of the tension member 42 in the middle area are respectively hooked on the structural ribs (longitudinal structural ribs 32 or transverse structural ribs 31) on the two prefabricated parts. Furthermore, a diagonal brace 5 is also provided between the structural ribs in at least two prefabricated parts of the outer area; the diagonal brace 5 forms a triangular stable structure with the tension member 4 and the structural ribs.

[0157] In actual implementation, the tension parts at both ends of the tension member 41 in the peripheral area are ferrules, which are convenient for stable installation. In the middle area, the tension parts at both ends of the tension member 42 are hooks, which can be installed by manually extending into the sandwich layer. Multiple tension members are evenly arranged to prevent mold expansion when pouring the sandwich layer.

[0158] Beneficial effects of this embodiment:

[0159] The present application connects the prefabricated parts of two composite panels together through tension members, and the two prefabricated bottom panels form a panel, and the cast-in-place layer in the middle forms the sandwich layer of the sandwich panel; the entire panel can be prefabricated in a factory, and the prefabricated parts can also be transported to the site for cast-in-place molding, which is simple and convenient in terms of process.

[0160] By setting shear keys on the prefabricated bottom plate, the shear and tensile resistance of the prefabricated bottom plate and the sandwich layer are increased; the main body and the supporting legs can be reversely tied and fixed to the prefabricated bottom plate through the tie-tie installation parts, which has a simple structure and is easy to install.

[0161] The shear key anchor claw structure makes the support stable and fully contacts and grips the concrete during post-poured concrete; the arched support structure of each leg enables it to form better stress support.

[0162] Countersunk holes are set to hide the tie-anchor mounting parts, making the surface of the prefabricated base plate smooth, which is convenient for subsequent puttying and other processes.

[0163] Compared with the traditional steel truss sandwich panel, this solution uses less steel. Compared with the current development of new materials, the strength of the prefabricated base plate and cast-in-place layer has been greatly improved. With the shear key of this application, the strength requirement can be abandoned for steel trusses, thereby saving steel.

[0164] The use of fiber concrete slabs can reduce the thickness of the slabs. The slabs are thin and have no truss bars, which makes the passage of pipelines unobstructed and saves labor.

[0165] Prefabricated base plates and shear structures can be produced in a standardized manner and then assembled.

[0166] No truss reinforcement, saving steel content

[0167] Since the prefabricated base plate is provided with shear keys, the prefabricated base plate is also provided with a rough surface and has high strength, it can participate in structural force at the same time.

[0168] It is easy to install on the construction site and can be closely spliced. The prefabricated base plates in this scheme are mostly less than 2 cm, and the cast-in-place layer is thick, so the seams will not crack due to close splicing and filling.

[0169] Furthermore, the utility model is described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments of the drawings, and a person skilled in the art can make various variations of the utility model according to the above description. Therefore, certain details in the embodiments should not constitute a limitation of the utility model, and the scope of protection of the utility model shall be defined by the scope of the attached claims.

Claims

1. A shear key for a composite slab, installed on a prefabricated bottom plate of the composite slab, characterized in that: It includes a main body, a support leg and a tie-down mounting piece; the support leg is mounted on the main body, one end of the tie-down mounting piece is mounted on the prefabricated base plate through a hole, and the other end is reversely tied to the main body, and the support leg is supported on the prefabricated base plate.

2. The shear key for composite panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple supporting legs, and the multiple supporting legs are installed on the main body to form an anchor claw shape, and are reversely tied and supported on the prefabricated bottom plate by the tie-down mounting member.

3. The shear key for composite panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tie-down mounting member is a tie-down screw, and the main body is provided with a main body threaded hole; the prefabricated bottom plate is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole, and the threaded section of the tie-down screw is installed in the main body threaded hole and is tied and fixed through the bottom plate mounting hole.

4. The shear key for composite panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tie-down mounting member includes a tie-down rod and two mounting members. The main body is provided with a main body mounting hole, and the prefabricated bottom plate is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole. The tie-down rod is passed through the main body mounting hole and the bottom plate mounting hole. Mounting members are respectively installed at both ends of the tie-down rod. The two mounting members are respectively pressed against the main body and the prefabricated bottom plate.

5. The shear key for composite panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steel bar limiting groove is formed at the bottom of the support leg for limiting the installation of structural bars of the cast-in-place layer in the composite slab.

6. The shear key for composite panels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the supporting legs is four, which are arranged vertically and horizontally; two of the supporting legs form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body along the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal structural reinforcements in the structural reinforcement are limited and installed in the steel bar limiting groove; two of the supporting legs form a group, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the main body along the transverse direction, and the transverse structural reinforcements in the structural reinforcement are limited and installed in the steel bar limiting groove.

7. The shear key for composite panels according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A cushion block is provided between the structural ribs and the prefabricated bottom plate.

8. A composite plate, characterized in that: It at least includes a prefabricated base plate and a plurality of shear keys for composite slabs as described in claim 6 or 7; a cast-in-place layer is formed on the prefabricated base plate, a plurality of shear keys for composite slabs are installed on the prefabricated base plate to form a prefabricated part, and the shear keys for composite slabs and the structural reinforcement are located in the cast-in-place layer.

9. The composite board according to claim 8, characterized in that: The prefabricated bottom plate is provided with a bottom plate mounting hole, the bottom plate mounting hole is a countersunk hole, and the tie-fastening mounting piece is installed through the countersunk hole and does not protrude from the plate surface of the prefabricated bottom plate.

10. The composite panel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The edges of the prefabricated bottom plate are provided with grooves; the grooves of adjacent composite plates are spliced ​​together to form a caulking groove.

11. A sandwich panel, characterized in that: It comprises two prefabricated parts of the composite slab according to any one of claims 8 to 10; the shear keys and / or the structural reinforcements of the two prefabricated parts are tensioned by tension members.

12. The sandwich panel according to claim 11, characterized in that: The tensioning member comprises a tensioning body and two tensioning parts, wherein the two tensioning parts are located at two ends of the tensioning body, and the two tensioning parts are respectively tied to structural ribs on two superimposed plates.

13. The sandwich panel according to claim 12, characterized in that: The counter-tensioning portion is implemented as a ring and / or a hook.

14. The sandwich panel according to claim 12, characterized in that: A sandwich layer is formed between the prefabricated parts of the two composite plates, and the structural reinforcement and the shear key are located in the sandwich layer; the outer area of ​​the sandwich layer is defined as the outer area, and the middle area of ​​the sandwich layer is defined as the middle area; the rings at both ends of the tension member in the outer area are respectively sleeved on the structural reinforcement on the two composite plates; the hooks at both ends of the tension member in the middle area are respectively hooked on the structural reinforcement on the two composite plates.

15. The sandwich panel according to claim 14, characterized in that: At least in the two laminated plates of the peripheral area, an inclined brace is provided between the structural ribs; the inclined brace, the tensioning members and the structural ribs form a triangular stable structure.

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