Multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument which comprises a shell, a nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure, a heating structure and a detection and calibration structure, and the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure is attached to the upper portion of the heating structure. The detection calibration structure is mounted above the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure, two groups of cooling fans are respectively mounted on two sides of the heating structure, the heating structure comprises a heating machine shell, a plurality of groups of heating mechanisms and a heating outer cover, the plurality of groups of heating mechanisms are mounted in the heating machine shell at intervals, the heating outer cover is mounted above the heating machine shell, and the heating outer cover is mounted above the heating machine shell. And each group of heating mechanism comprises a ceramic heating sheet, a graphite heat-conducting sheet and a heating block which are sequentially mounted from bottom to top. The nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument provided by the utility model can be used for carrying out nucleic acid extraction on a sample solution, providing a proper temperature for a sample nucleic acid amplification reaction, assisting in heat dissipation of a heating structure and improving the experiment safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biological detection, in particular to a multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument. Background Art

[0002] Nucleic acid testing is a method for identifying biological species and an important means of detecting and identifying microorganisms such as viruses and bacteria. It has been widely used in the field of biomedical research. Existing tests include multiple complex biological reaction steps such as extraction, amplification, and detection. Among them, the nucleic acid extraction step includes: first placing samples containing nucleic acids into multiple reaction tubes, and the operator then uses sealing caps or sealants to seal the entrances of multiple reaction tubes, and then puts them into a nucleic acid extractor to extract nucleic acids through the nucleic acid extractor.

[0003] The existing nucleic acid amplification processing steps usually need to maintain a certain temperature when amplifying in an isothermal environment, but the existing nucleic acid extractors are relatively simple in function, usually only having the function of extracting nucleic acids. If nucleic acid amplification or detection is to be performed, additional instrument assistance and manual participation are required, and manual operation is also relatively cumbersome. In addition, in the existing nucleic acid amplification processing process, in order to prevent evaporation during heating, the operator is required to seal the reaction tube. The intervention of the operator to seal the entrance of the reaction tube easily leads to a longer pre-preparation time for the nucleic acid amplification reaction step, and at the same time increases the overall detection time of the nucleic acid amplification detection, resulting in low operating efficiency, increased costs, and safety hazards. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a nucleic acid detection extraction and amplification instrument with the functions of nucleic acid extraction, heating, amplification, etc., which can improve the thermal conductivity of nucleic acid amplification heating, improve the efficiency of nucleic acid detection, reduce safety hazards, and improve safety.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument, comprising a housing and a nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure, a heating structure and a detection and calibration structure installed inside the housing for extracting, amplifying and detecting nucleic acids from samples, wherein the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure is attached above the heating structure, and the detection and calibration structure is installed above the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure;

[0007] A reciprocating structure is installed below the heating structure, and the reciprocating structure drives the heating structure and the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure thereon to move so that the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure moves to a working position;

[0008] Two groups of cooling fans are installed on both sides of the heating structure, and the two groups of cooling fans are arranged opposite to each other;

[0009] The nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure comprises a sample addition hole and a plurality of containing grooves for placing samples and extracting nucleic acid solutions in the samples, and a chromatographic membrane box is also installed around the plurality of containing grooves;

[0010] The detection calibration structure includes a calibration lifting mechanism and an elastic calibration mechanism, wherein the calibration lifting mechanism is installed at the upper end of the elastic calibration mechanism so as to drive the elastic calibration mechanism to move up and down, and the calibration lifting mechanism drives the elastic calibration mechanism to press on the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure so as to achieve that the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure is closely attached to the top of the heating structure;

[0011] The heating structure includes a heating casing, several groups of heating mechanisms, and a heating cover. The several groups of heating mechanisms are installed inside the heating casing at intervals. The heating cover is installed above the heating casing. Each group of heating mechanisms includes a ceramic heating plate, a graphite heat conductive plate, and a heating block installed in sequence from bottom to top. The heating block is also covered with a heat insulation cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic calibration mechanism includes an elastic movable plate, an elastic pressure block assembly, and a fixed retaining spring. A circular hole is opened at one end of the elastic movable plate, and the top end of the elastic pressure block assembly passes through the circular hole of the elastic movable plate and is fixed at the circular hole of the elastic movable plate by the fixed retaining spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic pressure block assembly includes a pressure block, supporting feet, and a pressure block spring. The supporting feet are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the pressure block and fixedly connected thereto. A guide column connected to the pressure block spring is formed on the outer circumference of the lower end of the circular hole of the elastic movable plate. The pressure block spring is sleeved on the supporting feet of the pressure block and connected to the guide column at the lower end of the circular hole of the elastic movable plate. The elastic pressure block assembly passes through the circular hole of the elastic movable plate through the pressure block and is fixed by a fixing retaining spring.

[0014] Furthermore, the calibration lifting mechanism includes a calibration lifting motor, a lifting screw, and a lifting plate, the elastic calibration mechanism is installed on the lifting plate, the motor shaft of the calibration lifting motor is connected to one end of the lifting screw, and the other end of the lifting screw is connected to the lifting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure includes a nucleic acid detection housing and a chassis, the chassis covers the bottom of the nucleic acid detection housing and is connected thereto, a plurality of accommodating grooves are distributed on the circumferential surface of the chassis, the plurality of accommodating grooves include a sample groove, a binding groove for placing reactants, a magnetic bead groove for placing magnetic beads, an amplification groove, a detection groove, and a waste liquid groove, a liquid transfer mechanism is installed at the center of the chassis, a suction mechanism is provided on one side of the liquid transfer mechanism, and a liquid transfer drive mechanism for driving the mobile transfer mechanism to move is installed above the liquid transfer mechanism The structure is as follows: the pipetting transmission mechanism is connected to the suction mechanism, the pipetting drive mechanism drives the pipetting transmission mechanism to move so as to drive the suction mechanism to lift and rotate, the suction mechanism includes a pipetting gun tube, a pipetting cavity, a hose, and a piston assembly for aspirating and discharging samples and sample nucleic acid solutions in a plurality of accommodating tanks, the pipetting gun tube is located below the pipetting cavity and connected thereto, the hose is installed between the pipetting cavity and the piston assembly, the piston assembly is located on one side of the pipetting cavity, and the pipetting cavity is connected to the piston assembly through the hose.

[0016] Furthermore, the nucleic acid detection and extraction amplification instrument includes an air pressure driving structure that cooperates with the suction mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure. The air pressure driving structure is built into the shell. The air pressure driving structure is installed above the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure and is arranged opposite to the detection calibration structure. The air pressure driving structure includes a flux fixing plate, an air pressure lifting motor, and an air pressure lifting screw. The air pressure lifting motor is installed at the top of the flux fixing plate. The output shaft of the air pressure lifting motor is connected to one end of the air pressure lifting screw. The other end of the air pressure lifting screw is connected to an air pressure lifting push rod. One end of the air pressure lifting push rod is connected to the suction mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure. The air pressure lifting push rod is connected to the piston assembly of the suction mechanism. The air pressure lifting motor drives the air pressure lifting screw to move up and down to drive the air pressure lifting push rod thereon to move up and down. The air pressure lifting push rod drives the piston assembly to move back and forth during the up and down movement.

[0017] Furthermore, the pipetting transmission mechanism includes a pipetting transmission shaft, a connecting arm, and a gear transmission assembly, one end of the connecting arm is connected to one side of the pipetting transmission shaft, the other end of the connecting arm is connected to the pipetting gun barrel through the pipetting cavity, the gear transmission assembly is connected to the upper end of the pipetting transmission shaft, and the pipetting transmission mechanism cooperates with the pipetting drive mechanism through the gear transmission assembly.

[0018] Furthermore, the nucleic acid detection extraction and amplification instrument includes a pipetting drive mechanism that cooperates with the pipetting transmission mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure. The pipetting drive mechanism is built into the shell and is installed above the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure and located on one side of the detection calibration structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the pipetting drive mechanism includes a fixed frame and a pipetting lifting mechanism and a rotating drive mechanism installed on the upper end of the fixed frame. The rotating drive mechanism is installed on one side of the pipetting lifting mechanism. The lower end of the fixed frame is provided with a rotating gear mechanism meshing with the gear transmission assembly of the pipetting transmission mechanism, and the rotating gear mechanism is connected to the rotating drive mechanism.

[0020] Furthermore, the pipetting lifting mechanism includes a pipetting lifting motor and a lifting drive screw, the motor shaft of the pipetting lifting motor is connected to one end of the lifting drive screw, and the other end of the lifting drive screw is connected to a fixed frame, the rotation drive mechanism includes a first rotating motor, a second rotating motor, a transmission assembly, and a bearing, the transmission assembly is installed on the fixed frame and is transmission-connected to the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor, one end of the bearing is connected to the first rotating motor and the transmission assembly, and the other end of the bearing is connected to the rotating gear mechanism, the rotation drive mechanism cooperates with the first rotating motor, the second rotating motor and the transmission assembly through the first rotating motor, the second rotating motor, thereby driving the rotating gear mechanism to rotate, thereby realizing the engagement of the rotating gear mechanism with the gear transmission assembly of the pipetting transmission mechanism.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1) The nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument of the utility model includes a shell and a nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure, a heating structure and a detection calibration structure. The nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure is fitted on top of the heating structure. The detection calibration structure is installed on top of the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure. Two groups of cooling fans are installed on both sides of the heating structure, and the two groups of cooling fans are arranged oppositely. The detection calibration structure includes a calibration lifting mechanism and an elastic calibration mechanism. The calibration lifting mechanism is installed on the upper end of the elastic calibration mechanism to drive the elastic calibration mechanism to move up and down. The calibration lifting mechanism drives the elastic calibration mechanism to press on the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure to achieve that the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure is closely fitted on top of the heating structure. The heating structure includes a heating casing, several groups of heating mechanisms and a heating cover. Several groups of heating mechanisms are installed inside the heating casing at intervals from each other. The heating cover is installed on top of the heating casing. Each group of heating mechanisms includes a ceramic heating plate, a graphite heat conductive plate and a heating block installed in sequence from bottom to top. The sample is injected into a plurality of receiving grooves through the sample injection hole for nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection of the sample. The chromatography membrane box is used for chromatography and detection of samples and nucleic acids in a plurality of receiving grooves. The utility model can make the heating mechanism and the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure fit better by setting the detection calibration structure, so as to achieve a good heat conduction effect. The heating structure generates heat by heating the ceramic heating plate of each group of heating mechanisms, and transfers it to the heating block through the graphite heat conductive plate, and then transfers it to the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure, so as to better provide a suitable temperature for the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure to perform sample nucleic acid extraction amplification reaction, so that the heating structure and the detection calibration structure can achieve better heat conduction effect. By setting two groups of cooling fans, the heat dissipation of the heating structure can be assisted, which can protect and extend the service life of the nucleic acid detection extraction amplification instrument and improve the safety of the experiment.

[0023] 2) The elastic calibration mechanism of the utility model includes an elastic movable plate, an elastic pressure block assembly, and a fixed retaining spring. A circular hole is opened at one end of the elastic movable plate. The top of the elastic pressure block assembly passes through the circular hole of the elastic movable plate and is fixed at the circular hole of the elastic movable plate by the fixed retaining spring. The elastic pressure block assembly includes a pressure block, a supporting foot, and a pressure block spring. The supporting foot is evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the pressure block and fixedly connected thereto. A guide column connected to the pressure block spring is formed on the outer circumference of the lower end of the circular hole of the elastic movable plate. The pressure block spring is sleeved on the supporting foot of the pressure block and connected to the guide column at the lower end of the circular hole of the elastic movable plate. The pressure block is supported by the tension of the pressure block spring on its outer circumference, which can prevent the pressure block from falling off radially. When the bottom of the pressure block is subjected to pressure, the pressure block can perform limited compression movement along the circular hole of the elastic movable plate. The tension of the pressure block spring is used to generate a reverse thrust, so that the elastic calibration mechanism can be better pressed on the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure, which can prevent the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure from being damaged by overpressure, thereby protecting the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fully automatic nucleic acid extraction and amplification detector of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the fully automatic nucleic acid extraction and amplification detector of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fully automatic nucleic acid extraction and amplification detector of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the heating structure and the reciprocating structure of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heating structure of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection and calibration structure of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic calibration mechanism of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 It is an exploded view of the elastic calibration mechanism of the utility model;

[0032] Fig. 9 The internal structure of the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Fig.10 The internal structure of the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid transfer drive mechanism of the utility model;

[0035] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air pressure driving structure of the utility model;

[0036] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure reset of the utility model.

[0037] In the figure: housing 1, upper housing space 11, middle housing space 12, lower housing space 13, nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2, nucleic acid detection housing 21, magnetic sensor 211, bottom plate 22, sample adding hole 23, accommodating groove 24, sample groove 241, binding groove 242, magnetic bead groove 243, amplification groove 244, detection groove 245, waste liquid groove 246, chromatography membrane box 25, liquid transfer transmission mechanism 26, liquid transfer transmission shaft 261, connecting arm 262 , magnet 2611, gear transmission assembly 263, suction mechanism 27, suction gun barrel 271, suction chamber 272, hose 273, piston assembly 274, pipetting drive mechanism 28, fixed frame 281, pipetting lifting mechanism 282, pipetting lifting motor 2821, lifting drive screw 2822, pipetting lifting guide block 2823, pipetting lifting guide rail 2824, rotation drive mechanism 283, first rotary motor 2831, second rotary motor 28 32, transmission assembly 2833, bearing 2834, rotating gear mechanism 284, heating structure 3, heating housing 31, heating mechanism 32, ceramic heating plate 321, graphite heat conductive plate 322, heating block 323, heat insulation cover 324, heating cover 33, detection and calibration structure 4, calibration lifting mechanism 41, calibration lifting motor 411, lifting screw rod 412, lifting plate 413, lifting guide rail 414, lifting guide block 415, elastic calibration mechanism 4 2. Elastic movable plate 421, round hole 4211, guide column 4212, elastic pressure block assembly 422, pressure block 4221, supporting foot 4222, pressure block spring 4223, fixed retaining spring 423, reciprocating structure 5: reciprocating drive mechanism 51, moving screw rod 52, moving slider 53, moving slide rail 54, cooling fan 6, pneumatic pushing structure 7, flux fixing plate 71, pneumatic lifting motor 72, pneumatic lifting screw rod 73, pneumatic lifting push rod 74. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are part of this specification and illustrate the principle of the present invention through embodiments. Other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become clear through the detailed description. In the drawings referred to, the same or similar parts in different figures are represented by the same reference numerals.

[0039] like Figure 1-5As shown in the figure, the first embodiment of the utility model provides a multifunctional nucleic acid detection extraction and amplification instrument, which includes a shell and a nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2, a heating structure 3, and a detection calibration structure 4 installed inside the shell for extracting, amplifying, and detecting nucleic acids from samples. The nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2 is attached to the top of the heating structure 3, and the detection calibration structure 4 is installed above the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2; a reciprocating structure 5 is installed below the heating structure 3, and the reciprocating structure 5 drives the heating structure 3 and the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2 thereon to move so that the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2 moves to a working position; in specific implementation, two groups of partitions are installed inside the shell, and the two groups of partitions divide the internal space of the shell 1 into three parts, which are distributed as an upper shell space 11, a middle shell space 12, and a lower shell space 13, the heating structure 3 and the reciprocating structure 5 are located in the lower shell space 13 of the shell, the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2 is located in the middle shell space 12 of the shell 1, and the detection calibration structure 4 and the pipetting drive mechanism 28 are located in the upper shell space 11 of the shell 1. Two groups of cooling fans 6 are respectively installed on both sides of the heating structure 3 of the utility model, and the two groups of cooling fans 6 are arranged oppositely. The nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure 2 includes a sample addition hole 23 and a plurality of receiving grooves 24 for placing samples and extracting nucleic acid solutions in the samples. A chromatography membrane box 25 is also installed around the plurality of receiving grooves 24. The sample is injected into the plurality of receiving grooves 24 through the sample addition hole 23 to extract, amplify and detect nucleic acid of the sample. The chromatography membrane box 25 is used for chromatography and detection of the sample and nucleic acid in the plurality of receiving grooves 24. The detection calibration structure 4 includes a calibration lifting mechanism 41 and an elastic calibration mechanism 42. The calibration lifting mechanism 41 is installed on the upper side of the elastic calibration mechanism 42. The calibration lifting mechanism 41 drives the elastic calibration mechanism 42 to press on the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2 to achieve that the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2 is tightly fitted on the top of the heating structure 3. The heating structure 3 includes a heating casing 31, several groups of heating mechanisms 32, and a heating cover 33. Several groups of heating mechanisms 32 are installed inside the heating casing 31 at intervals, and the heating cover 33 is installed above the heating casing 31. Each group of heating mechanisms 32 includes a ceramic heating plate 321, a graphite heat conductive plate 322, and a heating block 323 installed from bottom to top, and the heating block 323 is also covered with a heat insulation cover 324.The utility model generates heat by heating the ceramic heating plate 321 of each group of heating mechanisms 32, and transfers it to the heating block 323 through the graphite heat conductive plate 322, and then transfers it to the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2, so as to achieve the effect of providing a heating temperature for the sample of the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2 for nucleic acid extraction and amplification, so that the heating structure 3 and the detection calibration structure 4 can achieve better heat conduction. The calibration lifting mechanism 41 of the detection calibration structure 4 drives the elastic calibration mechanism 42 to press on the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2, so that the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2 is closely fitted on the top of the heating structure 3, and better provides a suitable temperature for the detection calibration structure 4 when performing sample nucleic acid extraction and amplification reaction. By setting two groups of cooling fans 6, the heat dissipation of the heating structure 3 can be assisted, which can protect and extend the service life of the nucleic acid detection extraction amplification instrument and improve the safety of the experiment.

[0040] In the specific implementation of the utility model, the reciprocating structure 5 includes a reciprocating drive mechanism 51 and a moving screw 52. The moving screw 52 is located at one end of the reciprocating drive mechanism 51 and is connected thereto. A screw nut is installed on the moving screw 52. The moving screw 52 is installed at the middle position of the lower end of the heating structure 3 through the screw nut. A moving slider 53 and a moving slide rail 54 matching the moving slider 53 are respectively installed on both sides of the middle position of the lower end of the heating structure 3. The reciprocating drive mechanism 51 drives the moving screw 52 and the heating structure 3 moves along the moving slide rail 54. In the specific implementation, the reciprocating drive mechanism 51 can use a stepping drive motor.

[0041] like Figure 6-Figure 8As shown, the elastic calibration mechanism 42 of the utility model includes an elastic movable plate 421, an elastic pressure block assembly 422, and a fixed clamping spring 423. A round hole 4211 is opened at one end of the elastic movable plate 421. The top of the elastic pressure block assembly 422 passes through the round hole 4211 of the elastic movable plate 421 and is fixed to the round hole 4211 of the elastic movable plate 421 by the fixed clamping spring 423. The elastic pressure block assembly 422 includes a pressure block 4221, a supporting foot 4222, a pressure block spring 4223, and the supporting foot 422 2 are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the pressing block 4221 and fixedly connected thereto, a guide post 4212 is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end of the circular hole 4211 of the elastic movable plate 421 and is connected to the pressing block spring 4223, the pressing block spring 4223 is sleeved on the supporting foot 4222 of the pressing block 4221 and is connected to the guide post 4212 at the lower end of the circular hole 4211 of the elastic movable plate 421, and the elastic pressing block assembly 422 passes through the circular hole 4211 of the elastic movable plate 421 through the pressing block 4221 and is fixed by the fixing clamp 423. The pressure block 4221 is supported by the tension of the pressure block spring 4223 on its periphery, which can prevent the pressure block 4221 from falling off radially. When the bottom of the pressure block 4221 is subjected to pressure, the pressure block 4221 can perform limited compression movement along the circular hole 4211 of the elastic movable plate 421, and utilize the tension of the pressure block spring 4223 to generate a reverse thrust, so that the elastic calibration mechanism 42 can be better pressed on the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2, and at the same time, it also prevents the detection calibration structure 4 from being overpressed and causing damage to the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2, thereby protecting the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2.

[0042] When the embodiment of the utility model is specifically implemented, the calibration lifting mechanism 41 includes a calibration lifting motor 411, a lifting screw 412, and a lifting plate 413. The elastic calibration mechanism 42 is installed on the lifting plate 413. The motor shaft of the calibration lifting motor 411 is connected to one end of the lifting screw 412, and the other end of the lifting screw 412 is connected to the lifting plate 413. The calibration lifting motor 411 drives the lifting screw 412 to move up and down so as to drive the elastic calibration mechanism 42 on the lifting plate 413 to press on the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2, thereby making the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2 and the heating structure 3 fit closely together. The calibration lifting mechanism 41 includes a lifting guide rail 414 and a lifting guide block 415 matched with the lifting guide rail 414. The lifting guide rail 414 is installed on one side of the lifting plate 413. The calibration lifting motor 411 drives the lifting screw rod 412 to move downward. The elastic calibration mechanism 42 moves downward along the lifting guide rail 414 and presses on the specified position of the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2, so that the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2 is connected to the heating structure 3 so that the two fit closely, thereby achieving a better heat conduction effect.

[0043] like Figure 9-11As shown, the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure 2 of the utility model includes a nucleic acid detection housing 21 and a chassis 22. The chassis 22 covers the bottom of the nucleic acid detection housing 21 and is connected thereto. A plurality of accommodating grooves 24 are distributed on the circumferential surface of the chassis 22. The plurality of accommodating grooves 24 include a sample groove 241, a binding groove 242 for placing reactants, a magnetic bead groove 243 for placing magnetic beads, an amplification groove 244, a detection groove 245, and a waste liquid groove 246. After the sample placed in the sample groove 241 is lysed under the heat conduction of the heating structure 3, the sample is transferred to the sample groove 241 through the binding groove 242. 242 and the magnetic beads in the magnetic bead groove 243 are used to extract nucleic acid. A pipetting transmission mechanism 26 is installed at the center of the chassis 22. A suction mechanism 27 is provided on one side of the pipetting transmission mechanism 26. A pipetting drive mechanism 28 for driving the mobile transmission mechanism to move is installed above the pipetting transmission mechanism 26. The pipetting transmission mechanism 26 is connected to the suction mechanism 27. The pipetting drive mechanism 28 drives the pipetting transmission mechanism 26 to move to drive the suction mechanism 27 to lift and rotate, thereby realizing that the suction mechanism 27 can absorb and discharge liquid between a plurality of accommodating grooves 24. The suction mechanism 27 includes a suction gun tube 271, a suction chamber 272, a hose 273, and a piston assembly 274 for aspirating and discharging samples and sample nucleic acid solutions in a plurality of accommodating tanks 24. The suction gun tube 271 is located below the suction chamber 272 and connected thereto, the hose 273 is installed between the suction chamber 272 and the piston assembly 274, the piston assembly 274 is located on one side of the suction chamber 272, and the suction chamber 272 is connected to the piston assembly 274 via the hose 273.

[0044] The shape of the heating cover 33 of the heating structure 3 of the utility model matches the outer shape of the chassis 22 of the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2 so that the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2 fits tightly on the heating structure 3 .

[0045] like Fig.12As shown, in a specific implementation, the nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument of the utility model includes an air pressure driving structure 7 matched with the suction mechanism 27 of the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2, the air pressure driving structure 7 is built in the shell, the air pressure driving structure 7 is installed above the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2 and is arranged opposite to the detection calibration structure 4, the air pressure driving structure 7 includes a flux fixing plate 71, an air pressure lifting motor 72, and an air pressure lifting screw 73, the air pressure lifting motor 72 is installed at the top of the flux fixing plate 71, the output shaft of the air pressure lifting motor 72 is connected to one end of the air pressure lifting screw 73, and the other end of the air pressure lifting screw 73 is connected to the air pressure lifting screw 73. The pneumatic lifting push rod 74 has one end connected to the suction mechanism 27 of the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure 2. The pneumatic lifting push rod 74 is connected to the piston assembly 274 of the suction mechanism 27. The pneumatic lifting motor 72 drives the pneumatic lifting screw 73 to move up and down to drive the pneumatic lifting push rod 74 thereon to move up and down. The pneumatic lifting push rod 74 drives the piston assembly 274 to move back and forth during the up and down movement, thereby realizing the piston assembly 274 to suck air from the liquid aspiration cavity 272, so that the liquid aspiration gun barrel 271 can absorb the solution from the inner tank of a plurality of storage tanks 24 or discharge the solution into a plurality of storage tanks 24.

[0046] In specific implementation, the liquid transfer transmission mechanism 26 of the utility model includes a liquid transfer transmission shaft 261, a connecting arm 262, and a gear transmission assembly 263. One end of the connecting arm 262 is connected to one side of the liquid transfer transmission shaft 261, and the other end of the connecting arm 262 is connected to the liquid transfer gun barrel 271 through the liquid suction cavity 272. The gear transmission assembly 263 is connected to the upper end of the liquid transfer transmission shaft 261, and the liquid transfer transmission mechanism 26 cooperates with the liquid transfer drive mechanism 28 through the gear transmission assembly 263. Through the cooperation of the liquid transfer transmission mechanism 26 and the liquid transfer drive mechanism 28, the suction mechanism 27 can be switched between a plurality of accommodating grooves 24, which can effectively avoid cross contamination, and can also be used to absorb or discharge liquid in different accommodating grooves 24, which is simple and convenient to operate.

[0047] like Fig.11As shown, the nucleic acid detection extraction and amplification instrument of the utility model includes a pipetting drive mechanism 28 that cooperates with the pipetting transmission mechanism 26 of the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2, and the pipetting drive mechanism 28 is built in the shell. The pipetting drive mechanism 28 is installed above the nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection structure 2 and is located on one side of the detection calibration structure 4. The pipetting drive mechanism 28 includes a fixed frame 281 and a pipetting lifting mechanism 282 and a rotating drive mechanism 283 installed on the upper end of the fixed frame 281. The rotating drive mechanism 283 is installed on one side of the pipetting lifting mechanism 282. The lower end of the fixed frame 281 is provided with a rotating gear mechanism 284 that meshes with the gear transmission assembly 263 of the pipetting transmission mechanism 26, and the rotating gear mechanism 284 is connected to the rotating drive mechanism 283. The pipetting lifting mechanism 282 includes a pipetting lifting motor 2821 and a lifting drive screw 2822. The motor shaft of the pipetting lifting motor 2821 is connected to one end of the lifting drive screw 2822, and the other end of the lifting drive screw 2822 is connected to the fixed frame 281. The rotation drive mechanism 283 includes a first rotating motor 2831, a second rotating motor 2832, a transmission assembly 2833, and a bearing 2834. The transmission assembly 2833 is installed on the fixed frame 281 and is transmission-connected to the first rotating motor 2831 and the second rotating motor 2832. One end of the bearing 2834 is connected to the first rotating motor 2831 and the transmission assembly 2833, and the other end of the bearing 2834 is connected to the rotating gear mechanism 284. The rotating drive mechanism 283 cooperates with the transmission assembly 2833 through the first rotating motor 2831, the second rotating motor 2832, thereby driving the rotating gear mechanism 284 to rotate, so that the rotating gear mechanism 284 is engaged with the gear transmission assembly 263 of the pipetting transmission mechanism 26. The liquid transfer lifting mechanism 282 of the utility model includes two sets of liquid transfer lifting guide blocks 2823 and liquid transfer lifting guide rails 2824 matched with the liquid transfer lifting guide blocks 2823. The two sets of liquid transfer lifting guide blocks 2823 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the liquid transfer lifting motor 2821 and are installed on the fixed frame 281. The liquid transfer lifting motor 2821 drives the lifting drive screw 2822 to move up and down, which will drive the fixed frame 281 to move up and down along the liquid transfer lifting guide rails 2824. By providing the liquid transfer lifting guide blocks 2823 and the liquid transfer lifting guide rails 2824, the stability of the up and down movement of the fixed frame 281 can be improved.

[0048] like Fig.13 As shown, the utility model is provided with a magnetic sensor 211 on the outer surface of the nucleic acid detection housing 21, and a magnet 2611 is extended outward at one end of the connecting arm 262 of the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2, and the pipetting drive mechanism 28 drives the pipetting transmission mechanism 26 to rotate and lift, thereby driving the magnet 2611 on the connecting arm 262 to rotate and lift, so that the magnet 2611 and the magnetic sensor 211 are in the same horizontal and vertical direction, thereby realizing the resetting of the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure 2.

[0049] The specific operation steps of the nucleic acid detection extraction and amplification instrument of the utility model for extracting, heating and amplifying samples are as follows:

[0050] First, the sample tank 241 is heated by the heating structure 3 of the present invention;

[0051] Next, prepare the sample and add the sample 1 into the sample tank 241 through the sample adding hole 23 and mix well;

[0052] Again, the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure 2 is reset by the reciprocating movement structure 5;

[0053] Then, the liquid transfer transmission mechanism 26 and the liquid transfer drive mechanism 28 cooperate to switch the suction mechanism 27 between the sample tank 241 and the plurality of receiving tanks 24, and the piston assembly 274 is driven to move back and forth by the air pressure lifting push rod 74 during the upward and downward movement, so that the liquid suction gun tube 271 absorbs the solution from the plurality of receiving tanks 24 or discharges the solution into the plurality of receiving tanks 24;

[0054] Subsequently, the sample tank 241 is heated and incubated by the heating structure 3, and the liquid is pipetted through the pipette 271 every minute accompanied by a mixing action, the mixing and pipetting times are 3 times, and the mixing action times are 3), thereby realizing the extraction process of nucleic acid in the sample;

[0055] Then, the extracted nucleic acid is heated by the heating structure 3 to achieve amplification of the nucleic acid;

[0056] Finally, detection is performed through the chromatography membrane box 25.

[0057] The above description has been a detailed description of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not limit the scope of implementation of the present application. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present application should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument, characterized in that: The nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument comprises a housing and a nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure, a heating structure and a detection and calibration structure installed inside the housing for extracting, amplifying and detecting nucleic acids from samples. The nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure is attached to the top of the heating structure, and the detection and calibration structure is installed above the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure. A reciprocating structure is installed below the heating structure, and the reciprocating structure drives the heating structure and the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure thereon to move so that the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure moves to a working position; Two groups of cooling fans are installed on both sides of the heating structure, and the two groups of cooling fans are arranged opposite to each other; The nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure comprises a sample addition hole and a plurality of containing grooves for placing samples and extracting nucleic acid solutions in the samples, and a chromatographic membrane box is also installed around the plurality of containing grooves; The detection calibration structure includes a calibration lifting mechanism and an elastic calibration mechanism, wherein the calibration lifting mechanism is installed at the upper end of the elastic calibration mechanism so as to drive the elastic calibration mechanism to move up and down, and the calibration lifting mechanism drives the elastic calibration mechanism to press on the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure so as to achieve that the nucleic acid extraction amplification detection structure is closely attached to the top of the heating structure; The heating structure includes a heating casing, several groups of heating mechanisms, and a heating cover. The several groups of heating mechanisms are installed inside the heating casing at intervals. The heating cover is installed above the heating casing. Each group of heating mechanisms includes a ceramic heating plate, a graphite heat conductive plate, and a heating block installed in sequence from bottom to top. The heating block is also covered with a heat insulation cover.

2. The multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic calibration mechanism includes an elastic movable plate, an elastic pressure block assembly, and a fixed retaining spring. A circular hole is opened at one end of the elastic movable plate, and the top end of the elastic pressure block assembly passes through the circular hole of the elastic movable plate and is fixed at the circular hole of the elastic movable plate by the fixed retaining spring.

3. The multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic pressure block assembly includes a pressure block, supporting feet, and a pressure block spring. The supporting feet are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the pressure block and fixedly connected thereto. A guide column connected to the pressure block spring is formed on the outer circumference of the lower end of the circular hole of the elastic movable plate. The pressure block spring is sleeved on the supporting feet of the pressure block and connected to the guide column at the lower end of the circular hole of the elastic movable plate. The elastic pressure block assembly passes through the circular hole of the elastic movable plate through the pressure block and is fixed by a fixing retaining spring.

4. The multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calibration lifting mechanism comprises a calibration lifting motor, a lifting screw and a lifting plate, the elastic calibration mechanism is installed on the lifting plate, the motor shaft of the calibration lifting motor is connected to one end of the lifting screw, and the other end of the lifting screw is connected to the lifting plate.

5. The multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure includes a nucleic acid detection casing and a chassis, wherein the chassis covers the bottom of the nucleic acid detection casing and is connected thereto, and a plurality of accommodating grooves are distributed on the circumferential curved surface of the chassis, wherein the plurality of accommodating grooves include a sample groove, a binding groove, a magnetic bead groove, an amplification groove, a detection groove and a waste liquid groove. A pipetting transmission mechanism is installed at the center of the chassis, a suction mechanism is provided on one side of the pipetting transmission mechanism, a pipetting drive mechanism for driving the mobile transmission mechanism to move is installed above the pipetting transmission mechanism, the pipetting transmission mechanism is connected to the suction mechanism, the pipetting drive mechanism drives the pipetting transmission mechanism to move so as to drive the suction mechanism to lift and rotate, the suction mechanism includes a pipetting gun barrel, a pipetting cavity, a hose and a piston assembly for aspirating and discharging samples and sample nucleic acid solutions in the plurality of accommodating grooves, the pipetting gun barrel is located below the pipetting cavity and is connected thereto, the hose is installed between the pipetting cavity and the piston assembly, the piston assembly is located on one side of the pipetting cavity, and the pipetting cavity is connected to the piston assembly through the hose.

6. The multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument includes an air pressure driving structure that cooperates with the suction mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure. The air pressure driving structure is built into the shell. The air pressure driving structure is installed above the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure and is arranged opposite to the detection calibration structure. The air pressure driving structure includes a flux fixing plate, an air pressure lifting motor, and an air pressure lifting screw. The air pressure lifting motor is installed at the top of the flux fixing plate. The output shaft of the air pressure lifting motor is connected to one end of the air pressure lifting screw. The other end of the air pressure lifting screw is connected to an air pressure lifting push rod. One end of the air pressure lifting push rod is connected to the suction mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure. The air pressure lifting push rod is connected to the piston assembly of the suction mechanism. The air pressure lifting motor drives the air pressure lifting screw to move up and down to drive the air pressure lifting push rod thereon to move up and down. The air pressure lifting push rod drives the piston assembly to move back and forth during the up and down movement.

7. The multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pipetting transmission mechanism includes a pipetting transmission shaft, a connecting arm, and a gear transmission assembly. One end of the connecting arm is connected to one side of the pipetting transmission shaft, and the other end of the connecting arm is connected to the pipetting gun barrel through the pipetting cavity. The gear transmission assembly is connected to the upper end of the pipetting transmission shaft, and the pipetting transmission mechanism cooperates with the pipetting drive mechanism through the gear transmission assembly.

8. The multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument comprises a pipetting drive mechanism matched with the pipetting transmission mechanism of the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure. The pipetting drive mechanism is built into the shell and installed above the nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection structure and located on one side of the detection calibration structure.

9. The multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pipetting drive mechanism includes a fixed frame and a pipetting lifting mechanism and a rotating drive mechanism installed on the upper end of the fixed frame. The rotating drive mechanism is installed on one side of the pipetting lifting mechanism. The lower end of the fixed frame is provided with a rotating gear mechanism meshing with the gear transmission assembly of the pipetting transmission mechanism. The rotating gear mechanism is connected to the rotating drive mechanism.

10. The multifunctional nucleic acid detection, extraction and amplification instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pipetting lifting mechanism includes a pipetting lifting motor and a lifting drive screw. The motor shaft of the pipetting lifting motor is connected to one end of the lifting drive screw, and the other end of the lifting drive screw is connected to a fixed frame. The rotating drive mechanism includes a first rotating motor, a second rotating motor, a transmission assembly, and a bearing. The transmission assembly is installed on the fixed frame and is connected to the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor. One end of the bearing is connected to the first rotating motor and the transmission assembly, and the other end of the bearing is connected to the rotating gear mechanism.

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