Production device suitable for processing small-particle-size cotton seeds

Abstract

The utility model discloses a production device suitable for processing small-particle-size cotton seeds, which belongs to the field of cotton seed processing, and comprises a delinting machine, a delinting machine, a quintuplet sieve, a delinting machine, a delinting machine, a screening device, a softening device and a drying device, the distance between saw blades of the delinting machine is set to be 8.8 mm, a dial is arranged between a seed poking roller of the delinting machine and sawteeth, and the delinting machine is connected with the delinting machine. Adjusting the tangential angle of an impurity removal knife of the delinting machine to be 15-30 degrees, and forming an impurity removal opening in a down drawing air duct; the down cleaning machine adopts two-stage down cleaning, the angles of a first-stage impurity removal cutter and a second-stage impurity removal cutter of the down cleaning machine are set to be different, and the down cleaning machine adopts a 40-mesh dust cage net surface; the husking machine adopts a double-roller husking machine, and the differential ratio of a fast roller to a slow roller of the husking machine is adjusted; and the screening device adopts a winnowing type step screen, a plane screen and a vibrating screen which are matched step by step. According to the utility model, the cotton linter output rate of small-particle-size cotton seeds can be greatly improved, the protein residual oil is reduced, the protein content is improved, and the product quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of cotton seed processing, in particular to a production device suitable for processing small-diameter cotton seeds. Background Art

[0002] According to statistics and data released by the General Administration of Customs of China, in 2022, China's cottonseed imports were 454,000 tons, a year-on-year increase of 231.4%; among them, the amount of cottonseed imported from Australia was 434,000 tons, accounting for as high as 95.7%, and Australia has also become China's largest source of cottonseed imports; among them, 99.999% of cottonseed is used for oil processing, and only 0.001% of cottonseed is used for breeding research; foreign cottonseed is quite different from domestic cottonseed in nature. The lint content of foreign cottonseed is 8-9.5% (domestic cottonseed is 10-12.5%), the protein content is 17-19% (domestic cottonseed is 20.5-22%), the oil content is 14-17% (domestic cottonseed is 12.5-14%), the shell content is 37-39% (domestic cottonseed is 38-39%), and the moisture content is 8-10% (domestic cottonseed is 10-13%). In comparison; the outstanding characteristics of foreign cottonseed are smaller particle size, high oil content, and lower lint and protein content.

[0003] The common problems in domestic processing of this special cottonseed are low cotton linter yield and poor linter quality; low protein content and high protein residual oil. Domestic cottonseed processing technology has certain limitations for this type of cottonseed processing tools. For example, the Chinese invention patent with announcement number CN104544510B provides a preparation method for high-protein cottonseed meal and selected equipment, in which it is mentioned that screening is to screen and grade the mixture of kernels and husks using a cottonseed kernel and husk separation device; in specific operations, the first screening obtains primary cotton kernels and cotton husks, and the primary cotton kernels have a hull content of 15-18%; the cotton husks after the primary screening enter the inspection screen, and the primary cotton kernels enter the grate screen for the second screening. The screen mesh of the grate screen is configured to be 5-7 meshes and the inclination angle is 6°-8°. The cotton kernels with a hull content of less than 12% are screened by the grate screen; the cotton kernels screened by the grate screen are then subjected to the third selection, and the wind speed is 4-6m / s The wind separates the cotton husks, and the husk content of the selected cotton kernels is less than 5%; the cotton husks extracted by the three screening processes enter the inspection screen to screen out the cotton husks and broken kernels, and the broken kernels are returned to a primary screening assembly. The cotton husks are transported to the hull field through an auger, and the kernel content in the cotton husks is controlled to be less than 0.4%; the three-stage screening adopted in the utility model uses a grate screen, which is relatively difficult to adjust. In the end, the kernel content of the cotton husk and the shell content of the cotton kernel are both high and are mostly used for domestic Xinjiang cotton seed processing.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to develop a production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds to overcome the difficulties in processing small-size cotton seeds. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds, which can greatly increase the output of cotton linters, improve the quality, reduce protein residual oil and increase the protein content.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] A production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds, comprising a depilator, a depilator, a five-piece screen, a depilator, a sheller, a screening device, a softening device and a drying device, wherein the saw blade spacing of the depilator is set to 8.8 mm, a dial is provided between the seed-picking roller and the saw teeth of the depilator, the tangential angle of the debris removal knife of the depilator is adjusted to 15-30°, and a debris removal port is provided on the depilation air duct; the depilator adopts two-stage depilation, the angles of the first-stage debris removal knife and the second-stage debris removal knife of the depilator are set to different angles, and the depilator adopts a 40-mesh dust cage mesh; the sheller adopts a double-roller sheller, and the differential speed ratio of the fast and slow rollers of the sheller is adjusted; the screening device adopts an air selection type ladder screen, a flat screen and a vibrating screen in a step-by-step manner.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model is that the spacing between the seed-picking roller and the saw teeth is set to 1.5-3cm.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model is that the angle of the first-stage debris removal knife of the velvet cleaning machine is set to 15-45°, and the angle of the second-stage debris removal knife is set to 10-35°.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model is that the speed differential ratio of the fast and slow rollers of the shelling machine is set to 1:0.5-1:1.5.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model is that the mesh aperture of the air-selected step screen is set between 2.5-5.5 mm, the wind speed is set to 18-20 m / s, and the wind pressure is set to 160-175 Pa.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model is that the mesh aperture of the air selection step screen is set to 3.5mm-4.0mm-4.5mm.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model is that the screen hole diameter of the flat screen is set to 3.5-5.5mm.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the utility model is that the aperture of the bottom of the vibrating screen is set to 1.5-2.5 mm, the wind speed at the air suction port is set to 6-10 m / s, and the wind pressure at the air suction port is set to 75-100 Pa.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress achieved by the utility model is:

[0016] 1. Aiming at the characteristic of small particle size of special cotton seeds, the utility model adopts a 180-type depilator and optimizes its structure, adopts a two-stage depilator and adjusts its parameter settings, adopts a double-roller shelling machine and optimizes the differential speed of its fast and slow rollers; the screening device adopts a step-by-step combination of an air-selected stepped screen, a flat screen and a vibrating screen; it can greatly increase the output of cotton linters, effectively avoid the high kernel content in cotton husks, effectively reduce the powder degree of cottonseed meal, reduce protein residual oil and increase protein content, reduce the overall production cost, and improve the product quality of the production line.

[0017] 2. In the utility model, by adjusting the saw blade spacing of the velvet stripping machine, arranging a dial between the seed-picking roller and the saw teeth of the velvet stripping machine, adjusting the tangential angle of the debris removal knife of the velvet stripping machine and arranging a debris removal port on the velvet extraction air duct, a velvet cleaning machine with two-stage velvet cleaning is adopted, the angles of the first-stage debris removal knife and the second-stage debris removal knife of the velvet cleaning machine are set to different angles, and the velvet cleaning machine adopts a 40-mesh dust cage mesh; high-quality cotton lint can be stably produced.

[0018] 3. The utility model adopts a double-roll shelling machine and adjusts the differential speed ratio of the fast and slow rollers of the shelling machine; adopts a screening device that matches the air-selected step screen, the flat screen and the vibrating screen step by step, so that the whole kernel rate and the protein output rate are increased in the processing of cotton seeds with small particle size, the output of fine powder is further reduced, the residual oil content of cotton protein is further reduced, and the cottonseed oil output rate is increased.

[0019] 4. The adjustment and operation of each device in the utility model are simple, the equipment requirements are low, and it is easy to industrialize production, which can greatly reduce the processing cost of this type of cottonseed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor;

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a delinting machine in a production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Among them, 1. Depiler; 1-1. Saw blade spacing; 1-2. Scale plate; 1-3. Depiler debris removal knife; 2. Depiler; 3. Five-unit screen; 4. Depiler; 5. Sheller; 6. Screening device; 7. Softening device; 8. Drying device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0025] The embodiment of the present application solves the problems of "low cotton linter yield, poor linter quality, low protein content, and high protein residual oil" existing in the prior art by providing a production device suitable for processing small-particle cotton seeds. The general idea is: adopt a 180-type delinting machine and optimize the structure, adopt a two-stage delinting machine and adjust the parameter settings, adopt a double-roller shelling machine and optimize the differential speed of its fast and slow rollers; the screening device adopts an air-selected stepped screen, a flat screen and a vibrating screen in a step-by-step manner; through the optimization and adjustment of the above-mentioned devices, it is possible to avoid the high kernel content in the cotton husk during the processing of small-particle cotton seeds, and can effectively reduce the powder content of the cottonseed meal used for soaking, thereby reducing the overall production cost and improving the product value of the production line.

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0027] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds includes a depilator 1, a depilator 2, a five-piece screen 3, a depilator 4, a sheller 5, a screening device 6, a softening device 7 and a drying device 8, characterized in that: the saw blade spacing 1-1 of the depilator 1 is set to 8.8 mm, a dial 1-2 is provided between the seed-picking roller and the saw teeth of the depilator, the tangential angle of the depilator's debris removal knife 1-3 is adjusted to 15-30°, and a debris removal port is provided on the depilation air duct to reduce depilation impurities; the depilator 4 adopts two-stage depilation, the angles of the first-stage debris removal knife and the second-stage debris removal knife of the depilator 4 are set to different angles, and the depilator 4 adopts a 40-mesh dust cage mesh; the sheller 5 adopts a double-roller sheller, and the differential speed ratio of the fast and slow rollers of the sheller 5 is adjusted; the screening device 6 adopts an air selection type ladder screen, a plane screen and a vibrating screen in a step-by-step manner.

[0028] Furthermore, the spacing between the seed-picking roller and the saw teeth is set to 1.5-3 cm.

[0029] Specifically, the depilatory workshop transformed and upgraded the 160-type depilatory machine to the 180-type depilatory machine 1, and adjusted the saw blade spacing 1-1 from the original 10mm to 8.8mm; a dial 1-2 was added between the seed-picking roller and the saw teeth of the depilatory machine 1 to facilitate the adjustment of the spacing, and the spacing was adjusted between 1.5-3cm.

[0030] Furthermore, the angle of the primary debris removal knife of the velvet cleaner 4 is set to 15-45°, and the optimal angle is 35°; the angle of the secondary debris removal knife is set to 10-35°, and the optimal angle is 25°.

[0031] Furthermore, the speed differential ratio of the fast and slow rollers of the shelling machine 5 is set to 1:0.5-1:1.5, and the optimal ratio is 1:0.75. The shelling machine 5 can make the whole kernel rate>20%, and the fine powder (<16 mesh) rate<20%.

[0032] Furthermore, the mesh aperture of the air-selected step screen is set between 2.5-5.5 mm, the optimal aperture ratio is 3.5 mm-4.0 mm-4.5 mm, the wind speed is set to 18-20 m / s, and the wind pressure is set to 160-175 Pa. The air-selected step screen can reduce the kernel content in the shell to less than 0.3%.

[0033] Furthermore, the screen hole diameter of the plane screen is set to 3.5mm-5.5mm. The cotton kernels on the plane screen enter the vibrating screen.

[0034] Furthermore, the aperture of the bottom of the vibrating screen is set to 1.5-2.5 mm, the optimal aperture is 2.0 mm, the air velocity at the air inlet is set to 6-10 m / s, and the air pressure at the air inlet is set to 75-100 Pa. The vibrating screen can reduce the shell content in the kernel to less than 3%.

[0035] In summary, after the cotton seeds with special small particle size are stripped by the stripping machine 1 and transported to the pretreatment workshop, they are shelled by the shelling machine 5, screened by the screening device 6, softened by the softening device and dried by the drying device to obtain cotton embryo flakes with optimal moisture (4.5% ≤ moisture ≤ 5.5%) and powder degree (≤ 15%).

[0036] The cotton seed raw material with special small particle size is stripped by a stripping machine 1, and the cotton linters are processed by a lint collecting machine 2, a five-unit screen 3, and a lint cleaning machine 4 to obtain high-yield and high-quality cotton linters.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds, comprising a lint stripping machine (1), a lint collecting machine (2), a five-piece screen (3), a lint cleaning machine (4), a shelling machine (5), a screening device (6), a softening device (7) and a drying device (8), characterized in that: The saw blade spacing (1-1) of the depilator (1) is set to 8.8 mm, a dial (1-2) is provided between the seed-picking roller and the saw teeth of the depilator, the tangential angle of the debris removal knife (1-3) of the depilator is adjusted to 15-30°, and a debris removal port is provided on the depilatory air duct; the depilator (4) adopts two-stage depilation, the angles of the first-stage debris removal knife and the second-stage debris removal knife of the depilator (4) are set to different angles, and the depilator (4) adopts a 40-mesh dust cage mesh; the shelling machine (5) adopts a double-roll shelling machine, and the speed differential ratio of the fast and slow rollers of the shelling machine (5) is adjusted; the screening device (6) adopts a step screen, a plane screen and a vibrating screen in a step-by-step manner.

2. A production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the seed-picking roller and the saw teeth is set to 1.5-3 cm.

3. A production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle of the first-stage debris removal knife of the velvet cleaning machine (4) is set to 15-45°, and the angle of the second-stage debris removal knife is set to 10-35°.

4. A production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed differential ratio of the fast and slow rollers of the shelling machine (5) is set to 1:0.5-1:1.

5.

5. A production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh aperture of the air selection step screen is set between 2.5-5.5 mm, the wind speed is set to 18-20 m / s, and the wind pressure is set to 160-175 Pa.

6. A production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh aperture of the air selection step screen is set to 3.5mm-4.0mm-4.5mm.

7. A production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sieve hole diameter of the flat sieve is set to 3.5-5.5 mm.

8. A production device suitable for processing small-size cotton seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the bottom of the vibrating screen is set to 1.5-2.5mm, the wind speed at the air suction port is set to 6-10m / s, and the wind pressure at the air suction port is set to 75-100pa.

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