Permeable upright structure

Abstract

According to the hollow type vertical structure, a space defined by a top plate, a bottom plate, a rear wall plate and a front plate forms an energy dissipation chamber frame, reinforcing corners are arranged at the connecting position of the top plate and the rear wall plate and the connecting position of the bottom plate and the rear wall plate, the front plate is composed of hollow bodies, and a water permeable opening is formed between every two transversely adjacent hollow bodies. The novel permeable bodies are combined to serve as the front plate of the structure, the front plate, the rear top plate, the rear bottom plate and the rear wall plate form the wave dissipation chamber, the wave can be rapidly diffused to the two sides, and the wave dissipation effect is good. And meanwhile, the size of the wave dissipation chamber can be adjusted according to parameters such as the wave period, so that the optimal wave dissipation effect is achieved. The structure does not need to backfill bin lattice materials, field installation and construction are convenient, and the appearance is attractive after assembly; good inhabiting and sheltering places can be provided for marine organisms, and the method is friendly to the marine environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field related to water transport engineering docks, breakwaters and bank protection structures, and in particular to a hollow upright structure with a wave-breaking function. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, in order to meet the needs of large-scale ships and specialized docks, port construction has gradually developed towards offshore and unprotected offshore waters. The conditions for offshore engineering construction are generally poor: water depth, high waves, rapid currents, complex geological conditions, etc. These factors have brought great challenges to the structural selection, design and construction of docks and breakwaters. At the same time, in order to pursue landscape effects and reduce sea occupation, many port revetments use upright quay wall structures. These structures use large concrete components and their internal fillers to resist the impact of waves. However, the upright quay wall has a reflective effect on waves and cannot absorb waves, resulting in the inability to dissipate waves in the port, resulting in wave energy convergence in the port, wave oscillation, and poor mooring conditions. The traditional wave-breaking measures for upright structures are generally to set up riprap or face-protecting block structures in front of the revetment or breakwater, and change the upright quay wall into a sloped structure. This situation not only greatly increases the project investment, but also occupies additional space in the port water area. However, it is impossible to modify the wharf structure by setting riprap for wave dissipation, and an open-hole caisson is generally used. For example, Chinese patent authorization announcement No. CN207244555 U discloses a wave energy dissipation structure combining a hollow caisson and a self-jet wave-breaking wall. In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a wave energy dissipation structure combining a hollow caisson and a self-jet wave-breaking wall, including a wave-breaking wall and a caisson, the wave-breaking wall is installed on the top of the caisson through its base, the wave-breaking wall protrudes upward to form a wave-breaking structure, and a plurality of jet holes are provided on the wave-breaking wall; the caisson includes a front wall, a rear wall and a bottom plate, the interior of the caisson is divided into a plurality of compartments by a plurality of partitions, and the front wall, the rear wall and the partitions are all pressed on the bottom plate; on the front wall A plurality of hollow holes for water to enter are provided on the caisson, and the hollow holes and the jet holes are connected to the compartments inside the caisson; for example, Chinese patent authorization announcement No. CN203613506U discloses a straight-wall energy dissipation caisson for a breakwater, wherein at least one transverse partition is provided in the caisson, and the caisson is divided into an energy dissipation chamber and a filling chamber by the transverse partition, and the side wall of the caisson located on one side of the energy dissipation chamber and parallel to the transverse partition is a front wall in contact with the water body, and a plurality of first polygonal holes are distributed on the front wall, and the total area of ​​the first polygonal holes accounts for 20%-40% of the total area of ​​the front wall.

[0003] The above patented products are mainly based on the traditional caisson structure form to optimize the front wall opening. Its structure still needs to set up side wall panels, internal vertical and horizontal partitions, a large amount of filler in the cell, and a cast-in-place cell cover on the top of the cell. The construction process is not simplified compared with the traditional caisson process. In addition, the traditional perforated caisson is difficult to achieve the ideal energy dissipation effect, and cannot meet the current growing demand for marine ecological structure construction. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a hollow upright structure, which has reasonable structural design, good energy dissipation effect, eco-friendliness, convenient construction, and can be applied to docks, breakwaters and revetments.

[0005] The utility model comprises a top plate, a bottom plate, a rear wall plate and a front plate.

[0006] The space enclosed by the top plate, bottom plate, rear wall plate and front plate constitutes the energy dissipation chamber frame, and the joints between the top plate and the rear wall plate and the joints between the bottom plate and the rear wall plate are provided with reinforced corners. The front plate is composed of a plurality of hollow bodies, and water permeable openings are formed between the horizontally adjacent hollow bodies. The hollow body includes an upper block, a bottom block, a middle connector, and a connector. A four-sided pyramid connector is provided at the lower part of the upper block and the upper part of the lower block, respectively, and the two connectors are connected through the middle connector.

[0007] Preferably, in order to meet the needs of docking, an external facade can be provided on the outside of one or more of the hollow bodies. The external facade is a vertical surface flush with the front edge of the dock and is provided on one side of the dock for installing docking facilities.

[0008] Preferably, a rear toe is provided on the outside of the soleplate.

[0009] Preferably, in order to apply the air-permeable upright structure to a breakwater requiring water exchange, a water-permeable hole is opened at the lower part of the rear wall plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0011] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the utility model (12 hollow bodies are arranged in the form of 3 rows and 4 columns);

[0012] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the utility model (20 hollow bodies 8 are arranged in the form of 4 rows and 5 columns);

[0013] Figure 3 It is a front view of the utility model (20 hollow bodies 8 are arranged in 4 rows and 5 columns);

[0014] Figure 4 It is a side view of the utility model (20 hollow bodies 8 are arranged in 4 rows and 5 columns);

[0015] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the hollow body in the utility model;

[0016] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the hollow body and the facade of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 7 This is a front view of the rear wall panel of the utility model;

[0018] In the figure, 1-front plate, 2-bottom plate, 3-top plate, 4-rear wall plate, 5-rear toe, 6-reinforced corner, 7-energy dissipation chamber, 8-hollow body, 81-upper block, 82-bottom block, 83-middle connecting body, 84-connecting body, 85-exterior facade, 9-water permeable hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] exist Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7In the schematic diagram of the utility model shown, a hollow upright structure includes a top plate, a bottom plate, a rear wall plate and a front plate, which can be used for breakwaters, revetments and dock structures. The front plate faces the direction of the incoming waves and is used to dissipate the energy of the incident waves. The space enclosed by the top plate 3, the bottom plate 2, the rear wall plate 4 and the front plate 1 constitutes the frame of the energy dissipation chamber 7. There are no side walls on the left and right sides. When waves rush in from the water-permeable opening, they can quickly dissipate to both sides. A reinforcing angle 6 with a cross-section of an isosceles right triangle is provided at the connection between the top plate and the rear wall plate, and at the connection between the bottom plate and the rear wall plate to enhance the support for the structure. A rear toe 5 with a trapezoidal cross-section is provided on the outer side of the bottom plate. The rear toe can not only improve the problem of stress concentration under the rear wall plate, but also improve the stability of the entire structure. In order to apply the hollow upright structure to breakwaters with water exchange requirements, a water-permeable hole 9 is opened at the lower part of the rear wall plate. The front plate is composed of 12 hollow bodies 8, which are arranged in 3 rows and 4 columns. Water permeable openings are formed between the horizontally adjacent hollow bodies, which can effectively reduce the incident waves. Each hollow block is cast as one body. The hollow body includes an upper block 81, a bottom block 82, a middle connector 83, and a tetrahedral connector 84. A tetrahedral connector is provided at the lower part of the upper block and the upper part of the lower block, respectively. The two tetrahedral connectors are connected by a middle connector. The hollow body is set on the wave-facing surface, within the range of three times the wave height below the water surface. This range concentrates a large amount of wave energy. The water permeable opening is set here to achieve the best wave efficiency.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] exist Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7In the schematic diagram of the utility model shown, a hollow upright structure includes a top plate, a bottom plate, a rear wall plate and a front plate, which can be used for breakwaters, revetments and dock structures. The front plate faces the direction of the incoming waves and is used to dissipate the energy of the incident waves. The space enclosed by the top plate 3, the bottom plate 2, the rear wall plate 4 and the front plate 1 constitutes the frame of the energy dissipation chamber 7. There are no side walls on the left and right sides. When waves rush in from the water-permeable opening, they can quickly dissipate to both sides. A reinforcing angle 6 with a cross-section of an isosceles right triangle is provided at the connection between the top plate and the rear wall plate, and at the connection between the bottom plate and the rear wall plate to enhance the support for the structure. A rear toe 5 with a trapezoidal cross-section is provided on the outer side of the bottom plate. The rear toe can not only improve the problem of stress concentration under the rear wall plate, but also improve the stability of the entire structure. In order to apply the hollow upright structure to breakwaters with water exchange requirements, a water-permeable hole 9 is opened at the lower part of the rear wall plate. The front plate is composed of 20 hollow bodies 8, which are arranged in the form of 4 rows and 5 columns. Water permeable openings are formed between the horizontally adjacent hollow bodies, which can effectively reduce the incident waves. Each hollow block is cast into one piece. The hollow body includes an upper block 81, a bottom block 82, a middle connector 83, and a tetrahedral connector 84. A tetrahedral connector is provided at the lower part of the upper block and the upper part of the lower block, respectively. The two tetrahedral connectors are connected by the middle connector. In order to meet the needs of docking, an external facade 85 can be provided on the outside of one or more hollow bodies. The external facade is a vertical surface that is flat with the front edge of the dock and is provided on one side of the dock for installing docking facilities. The hollow body is set on the wave-facing surface, which is within the range of three times the wave height below the water surface. This range concentrates a large amount of wave energy. The water permeable opening is set here to achieve the best wave efficiency effect.

[0024] During the use of the utility model, the whole structure is prefabricated on land. When it is used as a breakwater, the structure is prefabricated and transported to the project site for installation, and multiple blocks are placed in sequence along the axis. When it is used as a dock or revetment structure, the structure is prefabricated and transported to the project site for installation, and multiple blocks are placed in sequence along the axis. The top of the top plate is the front of the dock / revetment, and the rear of the rear wall plate is the land space. This area needs to be backfilled with sand and gravel to form land. After the construction of the entire utility model is completed, the incident wave in front of the dock acts on the front wall and enters the energy dissipation chamber through the water-permeable openings formed between the hollow blocks. When the seawater enters the energy dissipation chamber through the water-permeable openings of the front wall with the waves, it can quickly disperse to the left and right to release energy. At the same time, due to the ups and downs of the waves and the certain obstruction of the hollow body, there is always a certain water level difference between the water level in the energy dissipation chamber and the water level outside, and the two offset each other, thereby reducing the wave pressure of the impact structure, and further playing the role of wave dissipation. Through the dual effects of the hollow blocks and the wave dissipation chamber, the wave dissipation effect is significant. When a plurality of hollow upright structures are placed side by side, all the energy dissipation chambers can be interconnected to form a whole, so that the wave dissipation effects of the plurality of continuous hollow upright structures remain consistent.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0026] (1) The utility model structure adopts a new type of hollow body to form a wave-breaking chamber with the top plate, bottom plate and rear wall plate at the rear. When the external waves reach the front plate of the structure, they directly enter the wave-breaking chamber through the water-permeable holes between the hollow blocks, and it is difficult to form reflections in front of the structure. At the same time, after the waves enter the wave-breaking chamber, they can quickly diffuse to both sides, and the wave-breaking effect is good.

[0027] (2) The structure of the utility model can be arbitrarily designed in accordance with the actual conditions of the project, such as wave conditions, geological conditions, construction capacity and other factors. For example, by selecting hollow bodies with different numbers of rows and columns, it can adapt to the requirements of projects with different widths and heights. At the same time, the size of the wave-breaking chamber can be adjusted according to parameters such as the wave period to achieve the optimal wave-breaking effect.

[0028] (3) The lower part of the rear wall plate of the utility model structure can be provided with water-permeable holes, and can be used for breakwater structures requiring water exchange.

[0029] (4) The utility model has strong structural adaptability and can be used not only for breakwaters and revetments, but also for docks. It adopts special permeable prefabricated blocks and can be installed with berthing facilities to meet the requirements for dock use.

[0030] (5) The structure of the utility model does not require backfilling of bin grid materials, is easy to install and construct on site, and has a beautiful appearance after assembly; the structure has a large number of cavities and surface areas, can provide a good habitat and refuge for marine life, and is friendly to the marine environment.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hollow upright structure, comprising a top plate, a bottom plate, a rear wall plate and a front plate, characterized in that: The space enclosed by the top plate, the bottom plate, the rear wall plate and the front plate constitutes the energy dissipation chamber frame. Reinforced corners are provided at the connection between the top plate and the rear wall plate, and at the connection between the bottom plate and the rear wall plate. The front plate is composed of a hollow body, and water permeable openings are formed between the laterally adjacent hollow bodies. The hollow body includes an upper block, a bottom block, a middle connector and a connector. A four-sided pyramid connector is provided at the lower part of the upper block and the upper part of the lower block respectively, and the two connectors are connected through the middle connector.

2. The hollow upright structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An external facade is arranged outside one or more hollow bodies. The external facade is a vertical surface flush with the front edge of the wharf and is arranged on one side of the wharf.

3. The hollow upright structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rear toe is provided on the outer side of the base plate.

4. The hollow upright structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water permeable hole is provided at the lower part of the rear wall plate.

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