Teaching model for simulating patent foramen ovale

Abstract

The utility model provides a teaching model for simulating patent foramen ovale, which comprises an atrium module, a partition module, a base, a magnet sheet and a metal sheet, and is characterized in that the atrium module is arranged on the base and comprises a left atrium and a right atrium, and the upper part of the left atrium is connected with pulmonary veins; the upper part of the right atrium is connected with superior vena cava, and the lower part of the right atrium is connected with inferior vena cava; the partition module is used for separating the left atrium and the right atrium; the septum module comprises a secondary septum connected with the right atrium and a primary septum connected with the left atrium, the rear side of the primary septum is connected with the rear side of the secondary septum, a first groove is formed in the outer surface of the front side of the secondary septum, the magnet sheet is arranged in the first groove, a second groove is formed in the outer surface of the front side of the primary septum, and the metal sheet is arranged in the second groove. The magnet sheet and the metal sheet attract each other; and an oval hole for communicating the left atrium with the right atrium is formed between the primary septum and the secondary septum. The patent foramen ovale teaching aid enables teaching of patent foramen ovale diseases to be more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical teaching aids, and in particular relates to a teaching model simulating patent foramen ovale. Background Art

[0002] Patent foramen ovale is a type of congenital heart disease, and understanding its disease mechanism is the theoretical basis for disease diagnosis, treatment, and targeted care. At present, there are no relevant teaching aids for this type of disease. The invention name is "A teaching aid for embryological atrial septum occurrence and its use method", and the invention patent with publication number CN110459112A is an existing similar teaching aid. This teaching aid only simulates the developmental evolution of the atrial septum and the changes in the relative positional relationship, but cannot show the anatomical morphology of the patent foramen ovale formed due to the failure of the primary septum and the secondary septum to successfully fuse during the development process, resulting in it being unable to intuitively show the mechanism that causes the symptoms of the disease, which is not convenient for teaching. Therefore, how to design a teaching model that simulates patent foramen ovale so as to facilitate the teaching of patent foramen ovale disease has become a technical problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a teaching model for simulating patent foramen ovale to solve the above technical problems in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A teaching model simulating patent foramen ovale comprises an atrial module, a septum module, a base, a magnet sheet and a metal sheet, wherein the atrial module is arranged on the base, the atrial module comprises a left atrium and a right atrium, the upper part of the left atrium is connected to a pulmonary vein; the upper part of the right atrium is connected to a superior vena cava, and the lower part of the right atrium is connected to an inferior vena cava; the septum module is arranged at the connection between the left atrium and the right atrium, and the septum module is used to separate the left atrium from the right atrium; the septum module comprises a secondary septum connected to the right atrium and a primary septum connected to the left atrium, the rear side of the primary septum is connected to the rear side of the secondary septum, a first groove is arranged on the front outer surface of the secondary septum, the magnet sheet is arranged in the first groove, a second groove is arranged on the front outer surface of the primary septum, the metal sheet is arranged in the second groove, and the magnet sheet and the metal sheet are attracted to each other; an oval foramen connecting the left atrium and the right atrium is provided between the primary septum and the secondary septum.

[0006] Preferably, the metal sheet is an iron sheet.

[0007] Preferably, the base is a flat plate.

[0008] Preferably, a placement groove for accommodating the magnet sheet and the metal sheet is provided on the base.

[0009] Preferably, blood flow direction marks are provided on the inner walls of the left atrium and the right atrium.

[0010] Preferably, a right atrioventricular orifice is provided at the lower portion of the right atrium, and a tricuspid valve is provided in the right atrioventricular orifice; and a left atrioventricular orifice is provided at the lower portion of the left atrium, and a mitral valve is provided in the left atrioventricular orifice.

[0011] Preferably, a first connection port is provided at the upper part of the left atrium, and the pulmonary vein is threadedly connected to the first connection port; a second connection port is provided at the upper part of the right atrium, and the superior vena cava is threadedly connected to the second connection port; a third connection port is provided at the lower part of the right atrium, and the inferior vena cava is threadedly connected to the third connection port.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] The utility model provides a teaching model simulating patent foramen ovale, which uses a base to support an atrial module, wherein the atrial module comprises a left atrium and a right atrium, wherein the upper portion of the left atrium is connected to a pulmonary vein, the upper portion of the right atrium is connected to a superior vena cava, the lower portion of the right atrium is connected to an inferior vena cava, a primary septum and a secondary septum are provided between the left atrium and the right atrium, and an unclosed foramen ovale is provided between the primary septum and the secondary septum; at the same time, a magnet sheet is inserted into a first groove of the secondary septum, and a metal sheet is inserted into a second groove of the primary septum, and the attraction between the magnet sheet and the metal sheet can make the primary septum and the secondary septum fit together to achieve connection between the two; and the primary septum and the secondary septum can be conveniently separated by removing the magnet sheet or the metal sheet, so that the teaching model can be used to more conveniently teach patent foramen ovale disease. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments, and further describe the specific embodiments of the present utility model in detail in conjunction with the drawings, wherein

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a teaching model simulating patent foramen ovale provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a secondary septum provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a primary septum provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0018] Markings in the accompanying drawings:

[0019] 11. Right atrium, 111. Right atrioventricular orifice, 12. Left atrium, 121. Left atrioventricular orifice,

[0020] 13. Superior vena cava, 131. Second connection port, 14. Inferior vena cava, 141. Third connection port,

[0021] 15. pulmonary vein, 151. first connection port, 16. arrow;

[0022] 21, septum secundum, 211, secundum foramen, 212, first groove, 22, septum primum,

[0023] 221, primary foramen, 23, oval foramen; 31, base, 32, placement groove;

[0024] 41. Magnet piece, 42. Notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the utility model, the solution will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the embodiment of the utility model provides a teaching model simulating patent foramen ovale, which includes an atrial module, a septum module, a base 31, a magnet sheet 41 and a metal sheet. The atrial module is arranged on the base 31. The atrial module includes a left atrium 12 and a right atrium 11. The upper part of the left atrium 12 is connected to the pulmonary vein 15; the upper part of the right atrium 11 is connected to the superior vena cava 13, and the lower part of the right atrium 11 is connected to the inferior vena cava 14; the septum module is arranged at the connection between the left atrium and the right atrium, and the septum module is used to separate the left atrium from the right atrium. atrium and the right atrium; the septum module includes a secondary septum 21 connected to the right atrium and a primary septum 22 connected to the left atrium, the rear side of the primary septum is connected to the rear side of the secondary septum, a first groove 212 is arranged on the front outer surface of the secondary septum, the magnet sheet 41 is arranged in the first groove, a second groove is arranged on the front outer surface of the primary septum, the metal sheet is arranged in the second groove, and the magnet sheet is attracted to the metal sheet; an oval foramen 23 connecting the left atrium and the right atrium is provided between the primary septum and the secondary septum.

[0027] The teaching model simulating patent foramen ovale provided by the embodiment of the utility model utilizes a base 31 to support an atrial module, wherein the atrial module comprises a left atrium 12 and a right atrium 11, wherein the upper portion of the left atrium is connected to a pulmonary vein 15, the upper portion of the right atrium is connected to a superior vena cava 13, the lower portion of the right atrium is connected to an inferior vena cava 14, a primary septum 22 and a secondary septum 21 are provided between the left atrium and the right atrium, and an unclosed foramen ovale 23 is provided between the primary septum and the secondary septum; at the same time, a magnet sheet 41 is inserted into the first groove 212 of the secondary septum, and a metal sheet is inserted into the second groove of the primary septum, and the attraction between the magnet sheet and the metal sheet can make the primary septum 22 and the secondary septum 21 fit together to realize the connection between the two; and the primary septum and the secondary septum can be conveniently separated by removing the magnet sheet or the metal sheet, so that the teaching model can be better applied to the teaching of patent foramen ovale disease, and the teaching model can be used to more conveniently carry out the teaching of patent foramen ovale disease.

[0028] Specifically, the metal sheet is an iron sheet. It is understandable that the metal sheet can also be made of other materials, such as a cobalt sheet or a nickel sheet, as long as the metal sheet can be attracted to the magnet sheet.

[0029] Preferably, the base 31 is a flat plate block, so that the atrial module can be well supported. Specifically, the base can be a flat rectangular block.

[0030] Furthermore, a placement groove 32 for accommodating the magnet sheet and the metal sheet is provided on the base 31. With this solution, after removing the magnet sheet from the first groove or the metal sheet from the second groove, the magnet sheet 41 and the metal sheet can be directly stored in the placement groove 32, so that the magnet sheet and the metal sheet can be reused and the loss of the magnet sheet and the metal sheet can be avoided.

[0031] Specifically, blood flow direction marks are provided on the inner walls of the left atrium 12 and the right atrium 11, so that the blood flow direction can be more intuitively displayed, which is convenient for teaching the blood circulation path of the heart, and is also easier for students to understand and master, so as to achieve better teaching effects. Preferably, arrows 16 are used as blood flow direction marks. Specifically, the blood flow direction in the same atrium is indicated by a black arrow, and the blood flow direction when flowing from the right atrium to the left atrium can be indicated by a red arrow, so as to achieve better teaching effects.

[0032] It may be preferred that both the magnet sheet 41 and the metal sheet are thin sheets with relatively small thickness, so as to effectively reduce the weight of the teaching model.

[0033] Furthermore, a right atrioventricular orifice 111 is disposed at the lower portion of the right atrium 11, and a tricuspid valve is disposed in the right atrioventricular orifice; a left atrioventricular orifice 121 is disposed at the lower portion of the left atrium 12, and a mitral valve is disposed in the left atrioventricular orifice.

[0034] It can be understood that blood flows into the right atrium 11 from the superior vena cava 13 and the inferior vena cava 14 respectively, and then flows into the right ventricle through the right atrioventricular orifice 111. The tricuspid valve arranged in the right atrioventricular orifice is used to allow blood to flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle in one direction; blood flows from the pulmonary vein 15 to the left atrium 12, and then flows into the left ventricle through the left atrioventricular orifice 121. The mitral valve arranged in the left atrioventricular orifice is used to allow blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle in one direction.

[0035] Preferably, the magnet sheet 41 has a notch 42 opposite to the secondary foramen on the secondary septum, and the metal sheet has a notch opposite to the primary foramen on the primary septum, so as to avoid the magnet sheet 41 from covering the secondary foramen, and also avoid the metal sheet from covering the primary foramen, thereby avoiding the unclosed oval foramen from being covered; in this case, the depth of the first groove 212 and the second groove can be designed to be larger, so that larger magnet sheets and metal sheets can be used to match the corresponding grooves, thereby making the connection between the primary septum and the secondary septum more firm and reliable, and at this time, the connection between the rear sides of the primary septum and the secondary septum can be omitted, and only the attraction between the magnet sheet and the metal sheet is used to achieve the connection between the primary septum and the secondary septum.

[0036] Specifically, the upper part of the left atrium 12 is provided with a first connection port 151, and the pulmonary vein 15 is threadedly connected to the first connection port 151; the upper part of the right atrium 11 is provided with a second connection port 131, and the superior vena cava 13 is threadedly connected to the second connection port 131; the lower part of the right atrium 11 is provided with a third connection port 141, and the inferior vena cava 14 is threadedly connected to the third connection port 141. With this solution, the detachable connection between the pulmonary vein and the left atrium and the detachable connection between the superior vena cava, the inferior vena cava and the right atrium are conveniently realized.

[0037] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the number of the first connection ports 151 for connecting to the pulmonary veins 15 is four.

[0038] In another embodiment, the primary septum 22 can be made of a metal material that can be attracted to a magnet, so that the primary septum can be directly attracted to the magnet to achieve a detachable connection between the primary septum and the secondary septum. In this case, there is no need to set a second groove on the primary septum, and the metal sheet is also omitted. At the same time, there is no need to connect the back sides of the primary septum and the secondary septum, so that the structure of the teaching model can be simpler.

[0039] The above are only preferred implementation modes of the present invention. It should be pointed out that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, after reading the contents of the present invention, relevant technical personnel in the field can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A teaching model simulating patent foramen ovale, characterized in that: It includes an atrial module, a partition module, a base, a magnet sheet and a metal sheet. The atrial module is arranged on the base. The atrial module includes a left atrium and a right atrium. The upper part of the left atrium is connected to the pulmonary vein; the upper part of the right atrium is connected to the superior vena cava, and the lower part of the right atrium is connected to the inferior vena cava; the partition module is arranged at the connection between the left atrium and the right atrium, and the partition module is used to separate the left atrium from the right atrium; the partition module includes a secondary septum connected to the right atrium and a primary septum connected to the left atrium, the rear side of the primary septum is connected to the rear side of the secondary septum, a first groove is arranged on the front outer surface of the secondary septum, the magnet sheet is arranged in the first groove, a second groove is arranged on the front outer surface of the primary septum, the metal sheet is arranged in the second groove, and the magnet sheet and the metal sheet are attracted to each other; an oval foramen connecting the left atrium and the right atrium is provided between the primary septum and the secondary septum.

2. The teaching model for simulating patent foramen ovale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal sheet is an iron sheet.

3. The teaching model for simulating patent foramen ovale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is a flat plate block.

4. The teaching model for simulating patent foramen ovale according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base is provided with a placement groove for accommodating the magnet sheet and the metal sheet.

5. The teaching model for simulating patent foramen ovale according to claim 1, characterized in that: Blood flow direction marks are arranged on the inner walls of the left atrium and the right atrium.

6. The teaching model for simulating patent foramen ovale according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the right atrium is provided with a right atrioventricular orifice, in which a tricuspid valve is provided; the lower part of the left atrium is provided with a left atrioventricular orifice, in which a mitral valve is provided.

7. The teaching model simulating patent foramen ovale according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A first connection port is provided at the upper part of the left atrium, and the pulmonary vein is threadedly connected to the first connection port; a second connection port is provided at the upper part of the right atrium, and the superior vena cava is threadedly connected to the second connection port; a third connection port is provided at the lower part of the right atrium, and the inferior vena cava is threadedly connected to the third connection port.

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