Photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system
By adopting independent cooling and aerogel insulation methods in the translucent photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system, the heat exchange problem between the photovoltaic cell and the thermoelectric module is solved, and a higher power generation efficiency and a simpler system structure is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420557463.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-21
AI Technical Summary
In the existing light-transmitting photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system, the photovoltaic cells lack cooling, and there is heat exchange between the thermoelectric module and the photovoltaic cell, which makes the two unable to achieve the optimal operating state and the system efficiency is low.
A thin-film photovoltaic cell with a low temperature coefficient and light transmittance is used to form a power generation system with a thermoelectric module, which independently cools the photovoltaic cell and thermoelectric module, and is heat-insulated through the aerogel layer to ensure that the thermoelectric module absorbs sufficient heat and reduces heat exchange.
Effectively control the temperature of photovoltaic cells, increase the temperature of thermoelectric modules, increase the system power generation efficiency, simplify the system structure, reduce costs, and improve solar energy utilization efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN222621530U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system. Background Art
[0002] The light-transmitting photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system is a power generation method of solar photovoltaic power generation technology. It is composed of thin-film photovoltaic cells and thermoelectric modules, and has the advantages of simple structure and high power generation efficiency. Compared with the stacked photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system, there is no contact between the photovoltaic cells and the thermoelectric modules in this system, which can avoid the mutual influence of the temperature between the two due to heat conduction. Compared with the splitting photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system, the structure is more compact and simple. Infrared sunlight can pass through thin-film photovoltaic cells, and no additional spectroscope is required to split the sunlight. In addition, the area of the thermoelectric module is smaller than that of the photovoltaic cell, which can reduce the number of thermoelectric modules, reduce system costs, increase the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric module, and improve the thermoelectric conversion efficiency.
[0003] At present, the problems of the translucent photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system at home and abroad include: the photovoltaic cells lack cooling, the need for a concentrator between the photovoltaic cells and the thermoelectric module, the complex structure, and the heat exchange between the thermoelectric module and the photovoltaic cell, so the thermoelectric module and the photovoltaic cell cannot reach the optimal operating state. In the translucent photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system proposed in Reference 1 (Contento G, et al. Efficiency enhancement of a-Si and CZTS solar cells using different thermoelectric hybridization strategies [J]. Energy, 2017, 131: 230-238.), the back of the photovoltaic cell cannot be cooled, resulting in the increase of the photovoltaic cell temperature and the decrease of the system efficiency. Reference 2 (Hajji M, et al. Efficient cooling system for an indirectly coupled CPV-CTE hybrid system. International Journal of Energy Research. 2021; 45 (13): 18903-18918.) adopts the method of cooling around the battery glass cover. Due to the small thickness of the battery and the glass cover, the cooling effect is not good, and the system structure is complex. In addition, the above literature does not take into account the convection and radiation heat exchange between photovoltaic cells and thermoelectric modules. Thermoelectric modules transfer heat to photovoltaic cells, resulting in an increase in photovoltaic cell temperature and a decrease in efficiency, while the temperature of thermoelectric modules decreases and the efficiency decreases. The concentrators between the above-mentioned translucent photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling systems have requirements for the solar energy incident angle. In the case of non-vertical incidence, the thermoelectric module absorbs less energy, resulting in a decrease in the system output efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system in the prior art that the convective and radiation heat exchange and energy output efficiency between the photovoltaic cells and the thermoelectric modules are not taken into consideration, the utility model provides a photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system, which adopts a low temperature coefficient and light-transmitting thin-film photovoltaic cell and a thermoelectric module to form a power generation system. The photovoltaic cell and the thermoelectric module are cooled independently, and the temperatures of the two do not interfere with each other. An aerogel layer is used to insulate the photovoltaic cell and the thermoelectric module, so as to increase the temperature of the thermoelectric module and increase the power generation efficiency of the system.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] The utility model provides a photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system, which includes:
[0007] Thin-film photovoltaic cells;
[0008] A photovoltaic cell cooling channel disposed closely below the thin-film photovoltaic cell;
[0009] an aerogel layer disposed closely below the photovoltaic cell cooling channel;
[0010] an infrared absorbing coating disposed closely below the aerogel layer; and,
[0011] A thermoelectric module and a heat preservation layer, wherein the hot end of the thermoelectric module is in contact with and connected to a portion of the infrared absorption coating, and the heat preservation layer wraps the remaining portion of the infrared absorption coating.
[0012] In the photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system as described above, further, a water cooling plate is provided at the cold end of the thermoelectric module.
[0013] The photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system as described above, further, the aerogel layer is a silicon dioxide aerogel,
[0014] In the photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system as described above, further, the thermal insulation layer is an aluminum silicate thermal insulation layer.
[0015] In the photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system as described above, further, the thin-film photovoltaic cell and the silica aerogel have the same area.
[0016] In the photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system as described above, further, the cold end of the thermoelectric module is bonded to the water cooling plate by thermally conductive silicone.
[0017] In the photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system as described above, further, the silica aerogel layer is bonded to the hot end of the thermoelectric module via thermally conductive silica gel.
[0018] In the photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system as described above, further, the thin-film photovoltaic cell is any light-transmitting photovoltaic cell of silicon-based thin-film cell, perovskite thin-film cell, cadmium telluride thin-film cell and copper indium gallium selenide thin-film cell.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0020] (1) A cooling channel is left under the thin-film photovoltaic cell, which can effectively cool the back of the photovoltaic cell and control the temperature of the photovoltaic cell.
[0021] (2) Silica aerogel is placed between the thin-film photovoltaic cell and the thermoelectric module. Silica aerogel can transmit sunlight in the near-infrared band, ensuring that the thermoelectric module absorbs sufficient heat. In addition, silica aerogel has a low thermal conductivity. The thin-film photovoltaic cell cooling channel only cools the thin-film photovoltaic cell, minimizing the heat exchange between the thermoelectric module and the thin-film photovoltaic cell.
[0022] (3) There is no need for a concentrator between the thin-film photovoltaic cell and the thermoelectric module, which simplifies the system structure and eliminates the need to consider non-vertical incidence of sunlight.
[0023] (4) Compared with a single photovoltaic cell system, the additional thermoelectric module outputs electrical energy without affecting the efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, thereby improving the efficiency of solar energy utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0025] Figure 1 It is a one-dimensional structural diagram of the photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of power generation principle of the photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0027] In the figure: 1. Thin-film photovoltaic cell; 2. Photovoltaic cell cooling channel; 3. Silica aerogel layer; 4. Infrared absorption coating; 5. Thermoelectric module; 6. Water cooling plate; 7. Aluminum silicate insulation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0029] Example:
[0030] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the utility model described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" in the embodiments of the utility model and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0031] In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly defined. In addition, unless otherwise clearly defined and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0032] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system, which includes: a thin-film photovoltaic cell 1, a photovoltaic cell cooling channel 2, an aerogel layer, an infrared absorbing coating 4, a thermoelectric module 5 and a thermal insulation layer; specifically, the photovoltaic cell cooling channel 2 is arranged closely below the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1; the aerogel layer is arranged closely below the photovoltaic cell cooling channel 2; the infrared absorbing coating 4 is arranged closely below the aerogel layer; the hot end of the thermoelectric module 5 is in contact with and connected to a part of the infrared absorbing coating 4, and the thermal insulation layer wraps the rest of the infrared absorbing coating 4. Preferably, the aerogel layer is a silica aerogel. Preferably, the thermal insulation layer is an aluminum silicate thermal insulation layer 7. Preferably, a water cooling sheet 6 is arranged at the cold end of the thermoelectric module 5. Preferably, the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1 is any light-transmitting photovoltaic cell of a silicon-based thin-film cell, a perovskite thin-film cell, a cadmium telluride thin-film cell and a copper indium gallium selenide thin-film cell.
[0033] Optionally, in some embodiments, the cold end of the thermoelectric module 5 is bonded to the water-cooling plate 6 via thermally conductive silicone; and the silica aerogel layer 3 is bonded to the hot end of the thermoelectric module 5 via thermally conductive silicone.
[0034] Optionally, in some embodiments, the areas of the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1 and the silica aerogel are equal, the area of the thermoelectric module 5 is equal to the area of the water-cooling plate 6 , and the area of the silica aerogel layer 3 is greater than that of the thermoelectric module 5 .
[0035] In the above embodiment, the thin film photovoltaic cell 1 can transmit part of the visible light and most of the near infrared light. This part of energy passes through the thin film photovoltaic cell 1, passes through the silica aerogel layer 3, is absorbed by the infrared absorption coating 4, and is finally transmitted to the thermoelectric module 5. The cold end of the thermoelectric module 5 is cooled by the water cooling plate 6.
[0036] Furthermore, the centers of the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1 and the thermoelectric module 5 are at the same position, and the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1, the silica aerogel 3, and the infrared absorption coating 4 have the same area. The photovoltaic cell cooling channel 2 allows air to flow through to cool the lower surface of the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1. Combined with the thin-film cell with a low temperature coefficient, the battery efficiency is guaranteed. The silica aerogel 3 has the ability to transmit sunlight in the visible and near-infrared bands. Sunlight can pass through the silica aerogel 3, and the silica aerogel 3 has a low thermal conductivity, which is equivalent to a selective transmission layer and a heat insulation layer, which insulates the infrared absorption coating 4. The heat of the infrared absorption coating is transferred to the thermoelectric module 5 in one direction. Except for the part in contact with the thermoelectric module 5, the rest of the infrared absorption coating 4 is wrapped by the aluminum silicate insulation layer 7. The infrared absorption coating 4 has the function of absorbing sunlight in the infrared band. The infrared absorption coating 4 is evenly coated on the lower side of the silica aerogel 3. The area of the silica aerogel layer 3 is larger than the area of the thermoelectric module 5. The infrared absorption coating 4 absorbs solar energy and transfers it to the thermoelectric module 5.
[0037] Through the system provided by the above embodiment, a cooling channel is left under the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1, which can effectively cool the back of the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1, and the temperature of the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1 is controlled; a silica aerogel layer 3 is placed between the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1 and the thermoelectric module 5, and the silica aerogel layer 3 can transmit sunlight in the near-infrared band to ensure that the thermoelectric module 5 absorbs sufficient heat. In addition, the silica aerogel layer 3 has a low thermal conductivity coefficient. The photovoltaic cell cooling channel 2 only cools the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1, and the heat exchange between the thermoelectric module 5 and the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1 is reduced to a minimum; no concentrator is required between the thin-film photovoltaic cell 1 and the thermoelectric module 5, which simplifies the system structure and does not need to consider the case of non-vertical incidence of sunlight; compared with a single photovoltaic cell system, without affecting the efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, the additional thermoelectric module 5 is added to output electrical energy, thereby improving the efficiency of solar energy utilization.
[0038] See also Figure 2The embodiment of the utility model also provides an energy cascade utilization method, which is applicable to any of the photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling systems described above, and includes: after the sunlight passes through the thin-film photovoltaic cell, the thin-film photovoltaic cell converts the part of the sunlight that can realize photoelectric conversion into electrical energy, and the rest of the sunlight passes through the thin-film photovoltaic cell and the aerogel layer to reach the infrared absorption coating, and is absorbed by the thermoelectric module and converted into electrical energy, wherein the aerogel layer is used to isolate the heat transfer between the thin-film photovoltaic cell and the thermoelectric module, the photovoltaic cell cooling channel is used to directly cool the thin-film photovoltaic cell, and the thermal insulation layer is used to reduce the heat loss of the infrared absorption coating.
[0039] In the above embodiment, after sunlight passes through the thin film photovoltaic cell 1, the thin film photovoltaic cell 1 converts the part of sunlight that can realize photoelectric conversion into electrical energy, and the rest of the sunlight passes through the thin film photovoltaic cell 1 and reaches the infrared absorption coating 4, which is absorbed by the thermoelectric module 5 and converted into electrical energy; a photovoltaic cell cooling channel 2 is added between the thin film photovoltaic cell 1 and the thermoelectric module 5, so that the thin film photovoltaic cell 1 can be well cooled, the temperature is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved; a silicon dioxide aerogel layer 3 is used for heat insulation between the thin film photovoltaic cell 1 and the thermoelectric module 5, and the infrared band energy of sunlight passes through the silicon dioxide aerogel 3 to reach the infrared absorption coating 4, and the infrared absorption coating 4 absorbs heat and then transfers it to the thermoelectric module 5. In order to reduce the heat loss of the infrared absorption coating 4, the infrared absorption coating is wrapped with an aluminum silicate insulation layer 7. The silicon dioxide aerogel layer 3 can isolate the convection and heat conduction between the thermoelectric module 5 and the thin film photovoltaic cell 1, thereby reducing heat loss.
[0040] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0041] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0042] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0043] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the utility model, and their purpose is to enable ordinary technicians in the field to understand the content of the utility model and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the essence of the content of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system, characterized in that: include: Thin-film photovoltaic cells; A photovoltaic cell cooling channel disposed closely below the thin-film photovoltaic cell; an aerogel layer disposed closely below the photovoltaic cell cooling channel; an infrared absorbing coating disposed closely below the aerogel layer; as well as, A thermoelectric module and a heat preservation layer, wherein the hot end of the thermoelectric module is in contact with and connected to a portion of the infrared absorption coating, and the heat preservation layer wraps the remaining portion of the infrared absorption coating.
2. The photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold end of the thermoelectric module is provided with a water cooling plate.
3. The photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aerogel layer is a silicon dioxide aerogel layer.
4. The photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation layer is an aluminum silicate thermal insulation layer.
5. The photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The areas of the thin-film photovoltaic cell and the silica aerogel are equal, the area of the thermoelectric module is equal to the area of the water-cooling plate, and the area of the silica aerogel layer is greater than the area of the thermoelectric module.
6. The photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cold end of the thermoelectric module is bonded to the water cooling plate by means of thermally conductive silica gel.
7. The photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The silica aerogel layer is bonded to the hot end of the thermoelectric module via thermally conductive silica gel.
8. The photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thin film photovoltaic cell is any light-transmitting photovoltaic cell of the type including a silicon-based thin film cell, a perovskite thin film cell, a cadmium telluride thin film cell and a copper indium gallium selenide thin film cell.