Hydraulic damping device for opening and closing bucket of electric shovel, working device and electric shovel

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device, a working device and an electric shovel. The electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a first throttling valve, a switching valve, a one-way valve, a speed regulating valve and an energy accumulator. The hydraulic cylinder comprises a hydraulic cylinder barrel and a hydraulic cylinder piston rod; the throttle valve I is connected with a rodless cavity and a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline; the switching valve and the one-way valve are connected in series and then connected with the first throttling valve in parallel through a pipeline. The speed regulating valve is connected with a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and a control port of the switch valve through a pipeline; and the energy accumulator is connected with a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline. Opening and closing buffering of the electric shovel bucket door can be achieved through the hydraulic device, noise and impact are reduced, regular adjustment is not needed in the using process, the downtime is shortened, and the operation efficiency of an electric shovel is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an opening and closing hydraulic damping device for an electric shovel bucket and belongs to the technical field of electric shovels. Background Art

[0002] The opening and closing process of the existing electric shovel bucket in China depends entirely on the gravity of the bucket door itself. Each time the bucket door opens and closes, it swings violently and makes too much noise.

[0003] The electric shovel industry adopts a mechanical friction damping solution, in which a spring presses against a friction plate to achieve buffer damping of the opening and closing bucket. This structure requires regular adjustment of the spring compression force according to the wear of the friction plate, and the friction plate must be replaced regularly, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and also increases the downtime of the electric shovel, affecting operating efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model provides a hydraulic damping device for opening and closing the bucket of an electric shovel. Relying on the hydraulic device, the opening and closing buffering of the bucket door of the electric shovel can be achieved, noise and impact can be reduced, and no regular adjustment is required during use, thereby reducing downtime and improving the operating efficiency of the electric shovel.

[0005] The utility model is implemented according to the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the utility model provides an electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device, comprising:

[0007] A hydraulic cylinder, comprising a hydraulic cylinder barrel and a hydraulic cylinder piston rod;

[0008] A throttle valve 1 is connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline;

[0009] The switch valve and the one-way valve are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the throttle valve through a pipeline;

[0010] The speed regulating valve is connected to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and the control port of the switch valve through a pipeline;

[0011] The accumulator is connected to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline.

[0012] In some embodiments, the speed regulating valve is composed of a differential pressure reducing valve and a throttle valve 2, and the differential pressure reducing valve is used to achieve a constant pressure difference before and after the throttle valve 2.

[0013] In some embodiments, the switch valve is a two-position, two-way, spring-return, normally open, hydraulically controlled reversing valve; when the control port pressure of the switch valve is lower than the spring pressure of the switch valve, a differential circuit is formed by connecting the switch valve and the one-way valve in series with the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod can be quickly retracted when the switch valve is in the spring position; when the control port pressure of the switch valve is higher than the spring pressure of the switch valve, a throttle valve 1 is connected in series with the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod can be slowly retracted when the switch valve is in the non-spring position.

[0014] In some embodiments, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod is connected to the electric shovel bucket door through a pin shaft and a cotter pin, and the hydraulic cylinder cylinder is connected to the electric shovel shovel rod through a pin shaft and a cotter pin.

[0015] In some embodiments, the throttle valve 1, the speed regulating valve, the switch valve and the accumulator are all installed on the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0016] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a working device, including an electric shovel shovel rod and an electric shovel bucket door, between which the above-mentioned electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device is installed.

[0017] In a third aspect, the utility model provides an electric shovel equipped with the above-mentioned electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device; or, equipped with the above-mentioned working device.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0019] The utility model provides a hydraulic damping device for opening and closing the bucket of an electric shovel. The power source is the gravity when the bucket door of the electric shovel is opened and closed. No additional power input is required and the structure is simple. Through the action of the above-mentioned elements, the bucket door of the electric shovel can be opened quickly to quickly unload materials when it is opened, and then continue to open slowly to avoid a small number of swings and a small swing amplitude; when the bucket door is closed, it is closed slowly to avoid severe impact and reduce noise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are part of the present invention and are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0021] In the attached picture:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a hydraulic circuit principle diagram of the hydraulic damping device for opening and closing the bucket of an electric shovel of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydraulic damping device for opening and closing the bucket of an electric shovel of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic assembly diagram of the electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device and the electric shovel related parts.

[0025] Figure markings: 1. Throttle valve one, 2. Throttle valve two, 3. Differential pressure reducing valve, 4. Speed ​​regulating valve, 5. Hydraulic cylinder, 6. Hydraulic cylinder barrel, 7. Hydraulic cylinder piston rod, 8. Switch valve, 9. Accumulator, 10. Electric shovel bucket door, 11. Electric shovel shovel rod, 12. Check valve, 100 - Electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device.

[0026] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the utility model but are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the utility model provides an opening and closing hydraulic damping device for an electric shovel bucket, comprising a hydraulic cylinder 5, a throttle valve 1, a switch valve 8, a speed regulating valve 4, a check valve 12, and an accumulator 9. The hydraulic cylinder 5 comprises a hydraulic cylinder barrel 6 and a hydraulic cylinder piston 7; the throttle valve 1 is connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 through a pipeline, the switch valve 8 and the check valve 12 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the throttle valve 1 through a pipeline, the speed regulating valve 4 is connected to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the control port of the switch valve 8 through a pipeline, and the accumulator 9 is connected to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 through a pipeline.

[0031] In a further solution, the speed regulating valve is composed of a differential pressure reducing valve 3 and a throttle valve 2; the switch valve 8 is a two-position two-way spring return normally open hydraulically controlled reversing valve.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 is connected to the electric shovel bucket door 10 through a pin shaft and a cotter pin, and the hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel 6 is connected to the electric shovel shovel rod 11 through a pin shaft and a cotter pin. The electric shovel bucket door 10 and the electric shovel shovel rod 11 are electric shovel devices.

[0033] The working principle of the above-mentioned switch valve is given below:

[0034] When the electric shovel bucket door 10 is opened, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 retracts, and the pressure in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 increases from small to large.

[0035] By connecting the speed regulating valve 4 with the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the control port of the switch valve 8, the pressure difference before and after the throttle valve 2 can be kept constant, so as to maintain a very small constant flow rate to prolong the change of the control port pressure of the switch valve 8.

[0036] When the control port pressure of the switch valve 8 is lower than the spring pressure of the switch valve, a differential circuit is formed by connecting the switch valve 8 and the one-way valve 12 in series with the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 can be quickly retracted when the switch valve 8 is in the spring position; when the control port pressure of the switch valve 8 is higher than the spring pressure of the switch valve, the throttle valve 1 is connected in series with the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 can be slowly retracted when the switch valve 8 is in the non-spring position.

[0037] As can be seen from the above, when the electric shovel bucket door 10 is opened, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 is first quickly retracted to achieve rapid unloading, and then slowly retracted to avoid large swings.

[0038] When the electric shovel bucket door 10 is closed, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 moves outward.

[0039] Regardless of whether the switch valve 8 is in the spring position or the non-spring position, due to the action of the one-way valve 12, the hydraulic oil can only flow from the rod chamber to the rodless chamber through the throttle valve 1, thereby achieving slow extension of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 to avoid severe impact.

[0040] The working principle of the hydraulic damping device for opening and closing the bucket of the electric shovel is given below:

[0041] The rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 are both filled with pressure-free hydraulic oil.

[0042] When the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 is retracted due to the gravity impact during the opening process of the electric shovel bucket door 10, the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 suddenly increases, and instantly most of the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber passes through the one-way valve 12 and the switching valve 8, and a small part flows into the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the accumulator 9 through the throttle valve-1, and the bucket door 10 opens quickly; then, the high-pressure oil in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 closes the valve core of the switching valve 8 through the speed control valve 4, and the high-pressure oil only flows into the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the accumulator 9 through the throttle valve-1, the retraction of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 is blocked, and the bucket door 10 is decelerated by hydraulic damping.

[0043] When the bucket gate 10 is fully opened, it will swing due to its own inertia. During the swinging process, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the accumulator 9 can only flow into the rodless chamber through the throttle valve 1. The bucket gate 10 swings slowly to a stop under the influence of resistance.

[0044] When the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 is extended by gravity during the closing process of the electric shovel bucket door 10, due to the action of the one-way valve 12, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber and the accumulator 9 can only flow into the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 5 through the throttle valve 1, and the bucket door is slowly closed under the influence of the resistance of the throttle valve 1 to avoid violent impact.

[0045] In summary, the utility model provides a hydraulic damping device for opening and closing the bucket of an electric shovel. The power source is the gravity when the bucket door of the electric shovel is opened and closed. No additional power input is required and the structure is simple. Through the action of the above-mentioned elements, the bucket door of the electric shovel can be opened quickly to quickly unload materials, and then continue to open slowly to avoid a small number of swings and a small swing amplitude; when the bucket door is closed, it is closed slowly to avoid violent impact and reduce noise.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the utility model provides a working device, including an electric shovel shovel rod 11 and an electric shovel bucket door 10 , between which the electric shovel shovel rod 11 and the electric shovel bucket door 10 are installed the above-mentioned electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device 100 .

[0047] The utility model also provides an electric shovel, which is equipped with the electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device; or is equipped with the above-mentioned working device.

[0048] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0049] In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that, although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments also means being within the scope of protection of the present utility model and forming different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can use them in combination according to the known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by the present application.

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model in any form. Although the utility model has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the utility model. Any technician familiar with this patent can make some changes or modify the technical content suggested above into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the utility model. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the utility model without departing from the content of the technical solution of the utility model still falls within the scope of the solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic damping device for opening and closing an electric shovel bucket, characterized in that: include: A hydraulic cylinder, comprising a hydraulic cylinder barrel and a hydraulic cylinder piston rod; A throttle valve 1 is connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline; The switch valve and the one-way valve are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the throttle valve through a pipeline; The speed regulating valve is connected to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and the control port of the switch valve through a pipeline; The accumulator is connected to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline.

2. The hydraulic damping device for opening and closing an electric shovel bucket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The speed regulating valve is composed of a differential pressure reducing valve and a second throttle valve, and the differential pressure reducing valve is used to ensure that the pressure difference before and after the second throttle valve remains constant.

3. The hydraulic damping device for opening and closing an electric shovel bucket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The switch valve is a two-position two-way spring-return normally open hydraulically controlled reversing valve; When the control port pressure of the switch valve is lower than the spring pressure of the switch valve, a differential circuit is formed in series with the switch valve and the one-way valve and the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. When the switch valve is in the spring position, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder can be quickly retracted. When the control port pressure of the switch valve is higher than the spring pressure of the switch valve, the throttle valve 1 is connected in series with the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder piston rod can be slowly retracted when the switch valve is in the non-spring position.

4. The hydraulic damping device for opening and closing an electric shovel bucket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bucket door of the electric shovel through a pin shaft and a cotter pin, and the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the shovel rod of the electric shovel through a pin shaft and a cotter pin.

5. The hydraulic damping device for opening and closing an electric shovel bucket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The throttle valve 1, the speed regulating valve, the switch valve and the accumulator are all installed on the cylinder barrel of the hydraulic cylinder.

6. A working device, comprising an electric shovel bar and an electric shovel bucket door, characterized in that: The electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is installed between the electric shovel shovel rod and the electric shovel bucket door.

7. An electric shovel, characterized in that: An electric shovel bucket opening and closing hydraulic damping device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is installed; or a working device as described in claim 6 is installed.

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