Joint implant for orthopedics department
By using porous titanium-structured joint implant matrix and solid self-lubricating film, the current joint implant is easily worn and poor bone integration is solved, and the early rapid bone growth and long-term stable joint repair effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420588118.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-26
AI Technical Summary
The articular implants now have problems such as easy wear, poor bone integration, large friction coefficient, poor mechanical adaptability and metal ion release, resulting in accelerated degeneration of the contralateral cartilage and poor clinical application effect.
The joint implant matrix with porous titanium structure is combined with a solid self-lubricating film, which is adapted to the outer contour surface of the human bone through the top area, and the lower area is in contact with the cancellous bone, achieving initial stability and early rapid bone growth.
It improves the bone growth effect of joint implants, reduces the risk of prosthesis sinking and contralateral cartilage wear, and achieves long-term and stable joint repair.
Smart Images
Figure CN222640674U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular relates to a joint implant for orthopedics. Background Art
[0002] There is a huge clinical demand for the repair of articular cartilage injuries. Currently, the treatment methods for early and middle-stage articular cartilage injuries include stem cell therapy, injection of drugs and factors, microfracture, autologous osteochondral transplantation, etc. However, there are still shortcomings such as high cost, difficulty in maintaining activity, large trauma to the donor site, and limited donor sources. For mid- and late-stage articular cartilage injuries, the most ideal treatment method is to use articular cartilage repair implants, but due to material performance adaptation issues such as easy wear and poor bone integration, it is difficult to achieve long-term effectiveness, and artificial joint replacement is ultimately required. However, due to the limitations of the current functions of artificial joint materials, it is difficult for patients to resume normal life after surgery, and there is also the risk of secondary surgery.
[0003] The applicant previously proposed a low-friction, long-term stable artificial joint product. Although it can restore the patient's normal life after surgery, it still has the inherent problem of large trauma caused by artificial joint surgery. In order to reduce the trauma and pain caused by surgery to patients, the applicant proposed to use artificial joint implants to repair diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, and osteochondral trauma instead of artificial joint replacement.
[0004] At present, artificial joint implants still have major deficiencies. For example, the joint implants in the related art have material performance adaptation problems such as easy wear and poor bone integration, which are prone to stress shielding and the risk of prosthesis sinking. Or a micro screw system is used for fixation, and the fixing screws are non-porous structures, which are far away from the surrounding cancellous bone, making it impossible for bone to grow into them. There is a possibility of bone absorption around the screws, which can also easily lead to prosthesis loosening. In addition, the upper surface of the joint implant in the related art is usually a smooth surface formed by grinding and polishing of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, which has problems such as high friction coefficient, poor mechanical adaptability, and metal ion release, which accelerates the degeneration of the contralateral cartilage and causes new damage to the contralateral cartilage, resulting in poor clinical application effect.
[0005] Therefore, improving the applicability of joint implants is a problem that needs to be solved. The technical solution is a low-friction, high-wear-resistant, long-term stable artificial joint implant to achieve functional reconstruction of mid- to late-stage articular cartilage damage. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an orthopedic joint implant to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, and can improve the current problems of unsatisfactory bone ingrowth, easy sinking of the prosthesis, and accelerated degeneration of the contralateral cartilage, help reduce the probability of prosthesis loosening and sinking, facilitate rapid bone ingrowth, reduce wear of the contralateral cartilage, and reduce degeneration of the contralateral cartilage.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application is implemented through the following technical solutions:
[0008] An orthopedic joint implant, used for repairing joint bone cartilage damage and defects, comprises a joint implant base and a solid self-lubricating film, wherein the joint implant base comprises a top region, an upper region and a lower region, wherein the top region is adapted to the outer contour surface of the corresponding part of the human bone; the side surfaces of the top region and the upper region are in contact with the subchondral bone and cancellous bone of the human body; and the lower region is in contact with the cancellous bone of the human body;
[0009] The surface of the top area of the joint implant matrix is coated with a solid self-lubricating film, and the solid self-lubricating film is a nano multilayer structure.
[0010] Preferably, the cross-section of the joint implant matrix is one of a regular polygon, a rectangle, a trapezoid, and a circle; and the side cross-section of the joint implant matrix is a square gate arch or a long gate arch.
[0011] Preferably, the joint implant matrix has a porous titanium structure, and the porous titanium structure is a three-dimensional porous interconnected structure; the pore size and porosity of the joint implant matrix increase gradually from the upper region to the lower region.
[0012] Preferably, the three-dimensional porous interconnected structure is a porous structure imitating bone tissue, the porosity of the lower area is 50%-80%, and the pore size of the lower area is 400μm-600μm, accounting for about 30%; the porosity of the upper area does not exceed 50%; the top area is a dense mirror structure with no pores.
[0013] Preferably, the elastic modulus of the lower region is 1.5-3.5 GPa, and the elastic modulus is compatible with the elastic modulus of cancellous bone in the corresponding part of the human bone.
[0014] Preferably, the compressive strength of the top region is greater than 90 MPa, and the compressive strength of the lower region is greater than 45 MPa.
[0015] Preferably, the solid self-lubricating film is a nano-multilayer structure, which is composed of amorphous carbon and amorphous titanium carbide deposited alternately with C and Ti elements in different atomic ratios.
[0016] Preferably, the modulation period of the nano multilayer structure of the solid self-lubricating film is 8-12 nm.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0018] 1. The joint implant of the present technical solution, taking artificial hip replacement as an example, avoids the need to completely remove the patient's femoral head during artificial hip replacement surgery, leaving only the femoral part, and then insert the handle of the artificial joint prosthesis into the medullary cavity for fixation. There is also a risk of secondary renovation due to material problems after artificial joint replacement. The present technical solution adopts a brand-new material technology, only removes the damaged part of the femoral head, and implants the joint implant of the present technical solution into the damaged part. There is no need to remove the entire femoral head, which causes less damage to the patient. And after the joint implant of the present application is implanted into the femoral head of the patient, the porous structure of the joint implant basically corresponds to the position of the cancellous bone and compact bone of the patient's femoral head, respectively, to achieve the initial stability of the joint implant, early rapid bone ingrowth and long-term stability. The joints in other parts have the same situation as hip replacement.
[0019] 2. The joint implant matrix of the technical solution is a porous titanium structure, the top area and the side of the upper area are in contact with the subchondral bone and cancellous bone of the human body, and the lower area is in contact with the cancellous bone of the human body. The pore size and porosity of the joint implant matrix extend from the upper area to the lower area, showing a gradient increase, matching the mechanical properties of human bones, and is conducive to achieving initial stability, early rapid bone ingrowth and long-term stability.
[0020] The top area of the joint implant base is adapted to the outer contour of the human bone. The top area is a dense mirror structure. The surface of the top area is coated with a solid self-lubricating film, which can greatly reduce the wear of the contralateral cartilage and reduce the degeneration of the contralateral cartilage. The joint implant of this technical solution is used for surgical implantation in the human body to repair joint bone cartilage defects and achieve functional reconstruction of mid-to-late stage joint cartilage damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the joint implant of the utility model being implanted into a human bone.
[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a joint implant of the present utility model.
[0023] Description of reference numerals:
[0024] 1. Femoral head; 2. Damaged area; 3. Top area; 4. Upper area; 5. Lower area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are merely exemplary and can only be used to explain and illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but cannot be construed as limiting the technical solution of the present invention.
[0026] Before the following detailed description, the applicant reminds that the joint implant of the technical solution of the present application is different from the artificial joint replacement surgery in the prior art. The joint implant of the technical solution is only used to replace the damaged area 2. Here, the hip joint is taken as an example. Figure 1 As shown, it is only necessary to remove the damaged area 2 and implant the joint implant without removing the entire femoral head 1. Therefore, the concept of the prior art cannot be used to understand the present technical solution. The implantation of the joint implant using the present technical solution does not belong to an artificial joint replacement surgery, but to a repair surgery of a certain joint.
[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the present application provides a joint implant for orthopedics, which is used for local bone joints of the human body. The present technical solution is mainly used for the repair of joints of the human body, such as knee joints, hip joints, elbow joints and other joints. As to whether it can be applied to repairs in other aspects, such as repair and connection of teeth and non-articular bones, no corresponding experimental verification has been carried out in this embodiment, so it cannot be made clear.
[0028] The joint implant of the present application includes a joint implant base, which includes a top area 3, an upper area 4 and a lower area 5. The cross section of the lower area 5 is one of a regular polygon, a rectangle, a trapezoid and a circle, and the side section is a square gate arch or a long gate arch. The side section here is a cross section of a vertical cross section. The cross section of the lower area can also be determined according to the actual condition of the patient's injury. From the overall point of view, the lower area 5 is a three-dimensional structure formed by the above cross sections. In other embodiments of the present application, in order to prevent sinking after the joint implant is used for repair, the lower cross-sectional area of the lower area can be smaller than the upper cross-sectional area of the lower area. The shape of the upper end face of the upper area 4 is adapted to the outer contour surface of the repaired part of the human bone. Such a structure makes it possible that after the joint implant of the present application is implanted, the outer surface of the joint implant is the same as the original surface of the human bone, and the force on the contact surface with the cartilage is kept the same as the force on the original human bone.
[0029] The joint implant matrix of the present application has a porous titanium structure, and the porous titanium structure of the present technology is a three-dimensional porous interconnected structure, and the three-dimensional porous interconnected structure is a porous structure that imitates bone tissue. In this embodiment, the porosity of the lower area 5 is 50%-80%.
[0030] The top region 3 and the upper region 4 sides of the joint implant base of the present application are in contact with the subchondral bone and cancellous bone of the human body, and the lower region 5 of the joint implant base is in contact with the cancellous bone of the human body, which is suitable for the growth of bone tissue.
[0031] The porosity of the joint implant matrix increases gradually from the upper region 4 to the lower region 5. The pores in the lower region 5 with a pore size of 400μm-600μm account for about 30%, the porosity of the upper region 4 does not exceed 50%, and the top region 3 is a dense mirror structure without pores.
[0032] The material of the joint implant matrix of the present application is made of micro-nano TC4 titanium alloy powder, and a porous titanium structure material is made through pulping, demolding, heating and debinding, high-temperature sintering and other processes. The joint implant matrix is processed into a joint implant matrix sample block by mechanical processing, and the top of the joint implant matrix sample block is coated with titanium slurry technology, and a joint implant matrix is made after a secondary sintering process. The top area of the joint implant matrix is ultra-precision polished, and a solid self-lubricating film is plated on the polished surface.
[0033] The elastic modulus of the lower region 5 is 1.5-3.5 GPa, and the elastic modulus is compatible with the elastic modulus of the cancellous bone in the corresponding part of the human bone. The compressive strength of the top region 3 is greater than 90 MPa, and the compressive strength of the lower region 5 is greater than 45 MPa.
[0034] A solid self-lubricating film is arranged on the top area 3. The solid self-lubricating film of the present application is a nano multilayer structure, which is composed of amorphous carbon and amorphous titanium carbide alternately deposited with C and Ti elements of different atomic ratios. The specific atomic ratio is not explicitly mentioned in the present application. Those skilled in the art can use any corresponding proportion according to actual production needs, which does not affect the realization of the technical solution of the present application. The modulation period of the nano multilayer structure is 8-12nm. The solid self-lubricating film is prepared by a magnetron sputtering process. The modulation period here is, for example, first sputtering 8-12nm of Ti, then sputtering 8-12nm of TiC, and then sputtering 8-12nm of C, and the preparation of the solid self-lubricating film is completed in this alternating manner.
[0035] The lower area 5 of the joint implant base can be used to contact the human cancellous bone. The porosity of the lower area is relatively large, and it can be close to the pores of the human bone tissue to the greatest extent, which is conducive to rapid bone growth and can reduce the chance of prosthesis sinking; the top area of the joint implant base is used to contact the periosteum of the adjacent bone. The top area of the implant base is a dense mirror structure with no pores, which helps to coat part of the surface area. By coating the surface of the top area with a solid self-lubricating film, a joint implant with a smooth surface and high wear resistance can be formed, which can minimize the wear of the contralateral cartilage and reduce the degeneration of the contralateral cartilage.
[0036] The implantation method of the joint implant of the present technical solution is as follows Figure 1 As shown, this figure is only exemplary. Figure 1This is a top view of the femoral head of the human hip joint, which fits into the acetabulum on the other side. Figure 1 The marked area in the middle indicates the damaged area. If the existing technology is used for artificial joint replacement, the entire femoral head is removed. However, this technology only removes the damaged area by digging a hole or a pit, and then implants the joint implant of this technology into the hole or pit. Finally, the solid self-lubricating film in the top area of the joint implant and the other parts of the femoral head are integrated under the original curvature, thus completing the repair of the damaged joint. Therefore, this technology causes less trauma to the patient, and the surgical recovery is fast. In addition, the main body of the joint is still the patient's original bone, which has a long service life and can basically restore the patient's original movement ability.
[0037] The above describes in detail the structure, features and effects of the utility model based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, but the utility model is not limited to the scope of implementation shown in the drawings. Any changes made in accordance with the concept of the utility model, or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which still do not exceed the spirit covered by the description and the drawings, should be within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. An orthopedic joint implant for repairing joint bone and cartilage damage and defects, characterized in that: The invention comprises a joint implant body and a solid self-lubricating film, wherein the joint implant body comprises a top region, an upper region and a lower region, wherein the top region is adapted to the outer contour surface of the corresponding part of the human bone; the side surfaces of the top region and the upper region are in contact with the subchondral bone and cancellous bone of the human body; and the lower region is in contact with the cancellous bone of the human body; The surface of the top area of the joint implant matrix is coated with a solid self-lubricating film, and the solid self-lubricating film is a nano multilayer structure.
2. The orthopedic joint implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the joint implant matrix is one of a regular polygon, a rectangle, a trapezoid and a circle; the side section of the joint implant matrix is a square gate arch or a long gate arch.
3. The orthopedic joint implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The joint implant matrix has a porous titanium structure, and the porous titanium structure is a three-dimensional porous interconnected structure; the pore size and porosity of the joint implant matrix increase gradually from the upper area to the lower area.
4. The orthopedic joint implant according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-dimensional porous interconnected structure is a porous structure imitating bone tissue, the porosity of the lower area is 50%-80%, and the pore size of the lower area is 400μm-600μm, accounting for 30%; the porosity of the upper area does not exceed 50%; the top area is a dense mirror structure without pores.
5. The orthopedic joint implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic modulus of the lower region is 1.5-3.5 GPa, and the elastic modulus is compatible with the elastic modulus of cancellous bone in the corresponding part of human bones.
6. The orthopedic joint implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressive strength of the top region is greater than 90 MPa, and the compressive strength of the lower region is greater than 45 MPa.
7. The orthopedic joint implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid self-lubricating film is a nano multilayer structure.