Speed reducer, driving system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a speed reducer, a driving system and a vehicle. The speed reducer comprises a shell and an inner gear ring. The shell comprises a side wall and an internal spline formed by extending from the side wall, a first cavity is defined by the side wall, the internal spline is located in the first cavity, and a strengthening layer is arranged on the surface of the internal spline. The inner gear ring is located in the first cavity and comprises an outer spline meshed with the inner spline. The strengthening layer is arranged on the surface of the internal spline of the shell, the hardness and abrasion resistance of the internal spline are improved, the pressure bearing capacity of the internal spline and the shell is improved, and therefore the speed reducer can transmit larger torque and power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of reducers, and in particular to reducers, drive systems and vehicles. Background Art

[0002] As new energy vehicles become more and more popular, consumers are pursuing more extreme performance and need electric drive systems to provide higher power. Therefore, the miniaturization, high power density, high power and high torque output of electric drive systems have become important research and development topics. As one of the important components of the drive system, the reducer has also become an important research and development direction in terms of miniaturization, high power density, high power and high torque bearing. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present application provides a reducer, a drive system and a vehicle, which can improve the reducer's ability to bear pressure and transmit greater torque and power.

[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides a reducer, including a housing and an inner gear ring, the housing including a side wall and an inner spline extending from the side wall, the side wall enclosing a first chamber, the inner spline being located in the first chamber, and a strengthening layer being provided on the surface of the inner spline; the inner gear ring is located in the first chamber, and includes an outer spline meshing with the inner spline.

[0005] Furthermore, the strengthening layer includes an aluminum oxide film.

[0006] Furthermore, the strengthening layer is provided with a plurality of membrane holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the strengthening layer comprises: a surface layer and a barrier layer, the surface layer covers the barrier layer, the barrier layer covers the internal splines, and the membrane holes are arranged on the surface layer.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes: a clamping piece, which is fixed to the shell, and the inner gear ring is assembled into the first chamber along a first direction, and the clamping piece abuts against the inner gear ring to prevent the inner gear ring from detaching from the shell along a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0009] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided on the side wall, and the clamping member includes an outer end and an inner end arranged opposite to each other, the outer end is accommodated in the mounting groove, and the inner gear ring includes a blocking portion, and along the first direction, the inner end is located on the outer side of the blocking portion for abutting against the blocking portion to prevent the inner gear ring from detaching from the shell.

[0010] Furthermore, the blocking portion is an end portion of the external spline.

[0011] Furthermore, the housing is made of die-cast aluminum alloy, and the inner gear ring is made of gear steel.

[0012] An embodiment of the present application also provides a drive system, comprising the above-mentioned reducer.

[0013] An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned drive system.

[0014] In some embodiments, the above technical solution provides a strengthening layer on the tooth surface of the internal spline of the housing to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the internal spline and the pressure-bearing capacity of the internal spline and the housing, so that the reducer can transmit greater torque and power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a reducer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Exploded view of the reducer shown.

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a housing of a reducer shown, wherein only a portion of the housing is shown.

[0018] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the reinforcement layer of the internal spline of the housing is shown, wherein only a portion of the internal spline is shown.

[0019] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The schematic cross-sectional view of the reducer along line AA is shown.

[0020] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the cross-sectional schematic diagram shown.

[0021] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Shell; 10. Side wall; 11. Internal spline; 111. Strengthening layer; 1111. Surface layer; 1112. Barrier layer; 112. Membrane hole; 114. Mounting groove; 12. First chamber; 2. Inner gear ring; 21. External spline; 22. Stopper; 23. Base; 231. Outer surface; 3. Clip; 31. Outer end; 32. Inner end; 33. Opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The embodiment of the present application provides a reducer, which is a mechanical device used to reduce the speed of an output shaft and increase the torque of the output shaft. It is generally used to reduce the speed of a high-speed rotating input shaft to a suitable low-speed output to meet the needs of practical applications.

[0023] The current types of reducers include: gear reducers, worm gear reducers, planetary gear reducers, etc. Reducers are widely used in machinery, industrial equipment, automobiles, elevators and other fields to meet the speed and torque requirements of different occasions.

[0024] See also Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the reducer includes a housing 1 and an inner gear ring 2. The housing 1 includes a side wall 10 and an inner spline 11 extending from the side wall 10, the side wall 10 encloses a first chamber 12, the inner spline 11 is located in the first chamber 12, and a strengthening layer 111 is provided on the surface of the inner spline 11.

[0025] The internal spline 11 is a key component for transmitting power in the reducer, and its load-bearing capacity directly affects the service life and reliability of the reducer. The strengthening layer 111 improves the hardness and wear resistance of the tooth surface of the internal spline 11, which can bear higher pressure and transmit greater torque and power.

[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, the strengthening layer 111 includes an aluminum oxide film. In some embodiments, the aluminum oxide film can be formed by anodizing the internal spline 11. The aluminum oxide film has high hardness and wear resistance, and can effectively enhance the wear resistance of the surface of the internal spline 11 and improve the service life of the parts; at the same time, the aluminum oxide film has good corrosion resistance and can protect the surface of the internal spline 11 from corrosion.

[0027] In some embodiments, the strengthening layer 111 may be made of other hard coatings, such as titanium nitride, titanium aluminum nitride, etc.

[0028] In some embodiments, the strengthening layer 111 may adopt a double-layer or multi-layer coating structure, such as a composite structure of aluminum oxide superimposed on titanium nitride.

[0029] In some embodiments, the strengthening layer 111 may be a metal-based composite material coating, such as tungsten carbide, silicon nitride, etc. dispersed in a metal matrix such as a cobalt-based alloy or a nickel-based alloy, to form a composite coating with high hardness and wear resistance.

[0030] In some embodiments, laser surface cladding may be used to clad the surface of the internal spline 11 with high-hardness alloy powder, such as cobalt-based alloy, nickel-based alloy, etc., to form a strengthening layer 111 .

[0031] The strengthening layer 111 is provided with a plurality of film holes 112. When the reducer is running, a certain amount of lubricating oil can be stored in the film holes 112, which has a certain lubrication and buffering effect when the inner spline 11 and the outer spline 21 are subjected to force, and is also beneficial to improving the wear resistance of the housing 1 of the reducer and improving the ability of the housing 1 of the reducer to withstand dynamic impact torque.

[0032] In some embodiments, micro-nanoscale structural processing may also be performed on the surface of the strengthening layer 111 to produce micropores or micro-concave-convex structures to replace the membrane pores 112 .

[0033] See also Figure 5 As shown, the strengthening layer 111 includes: a surface layer 1111 and a barrier layer 1112, the surface layer 1111 covers the barrier layer 1112, the barrier layer 1112 covers the internal spline 11, and the film hole 112 is arranged on the surface layer 1111. The surface layer 1111 is responsible for providing good surface properties, such as wear resistance and corrosion resistance, etc.; the barrier layer 1112 can assume the functions of structural strength and isolation, and provide reliable protection for the internal spline 11. Through the layering effect, the overall performance optimization is achieved.

[0034] In some embodiments, the reinforcement layer 111 may adopt a composite structure, such as metal-ceramic, metal-polymer, or other types of composite materials.

[0035] In some embodiments, membrane pores 112 of controllable size are designed on the surface layer 1111 to achieve fine adjustment of permeability.

[0036] The inner gear ring 2 is located in the first chamber 12, and the inner gear ring 2 includes an outer spline 21 meshing with the inner spline 11. The outer spline 21 meshes with the inner spline 11 with high precision, which reduces the energy loss in the power transmission process, can better transmit power, and improve the transmission efficiency of the reducer; at the same time, it can also limit the radial displacement of the inner gear ring 2, and enhance the rigidity and positioning accuracy of the entire reducer.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the housing 1 is made of die-cast aluminum alloy, and the inner gear ring 2 is made of gear steel. Aluminum alloy has good casting performance and low density, which helps to reduce the weight of the reducer and improve the power density; gear steel has high strength and hardness, and can withstand large contact stress and impact load.

[0038] In some embodiments, the housing 1 may be made of magnesium alloy, composite material or the like to reduce the weight of the reducer.

[0039] In some embodiments, the shell 1 can be made of cast iron or ductile iron to improve the rigidity and wear resistance of the shell 1.

[0040] In some embodiments, the inner gear ring 2 may be made of ceramic or metal composite materials.

[0041] In some embodiments, a strengthening layer 111 may also be provided on the inner gear ring 2 to improve the strength and wear resistance of the inner gear ring 2 .

[0042] In some embodiments, the inner gear ring 2 may be subjected to nitriding or surface heat treatment to improve the surface hardness of the gear steel.

[0043] See also Figure 2 and Figures 5 and 6 As shown, the reducer includes a clamping member 3. The clamping member 3 is fixed to the housing 1. The inner gear ring 2 is arranged along a first direction ( Figure 2 and Figure 5 The inner gear ring 2 is assembled into the first chamber 12 in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure, and the clamping member 3 abuts against the inner gear ring 2 to prevent the inner gear ring 2 from being separated from the housing 1 in a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0044] A mounting groove 114 is provided on the side wall 10, and the clamping member 3 includes an outer end 31 and an inner end 32 which are arranged opposite to each other, and the outer end 31 is received in the mounting groove 114, and the inner gear ring 2 includes a blocking portion 22. Along the first direction, the inner end 32 is located on the outer side of the blocking portion 22 for abutting against the blocking portion 22 to prevent the inner gear ring 2 from separating from the housing 1. By abutting at multiple points, it is ensured that the inner gear ring 2 can be firmly mounted on the housing 1, thereby reducing the risk of falling off and increasing the service life.

[0045] The inner gear ring 2 includes an annular base 23, and the external spline 21 extends outward from the base 23. Along the axial direction of the base 23, the width of the base 23 is greater than the width of the external spline 21. The base 23 includes an outer surface 231. Along the axial direction of the base 23, the outer surface 231 is located on the outside of the external spline 21. The clamping part 3 is surrounded on the outside of the outer surface 231 and is located on the outside of the external spline 21.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the stopper 22 is the end of the external spline 21. By utilizing the existing structure of the external spline 21, there is no need to add an additional independent stopper component, thereby reducing the number of parts and manufacturing complexity.

[0047] In some embodiments, an independent annular retaining ring or retaining block may be provided on the inner gear ring 2 .

[0048] In some embodiments, a groove may be provided on the inner gear ring 2 to receive the inner end 32 of the clamping member 3 in the groove.

[0049] In this embodiment, the clip 3 is an elastic clip, which is in the shape of a semi-closed ring and includes an opening portion 33. Before the clip 3 is assembled to the shell 1, the clip 3 is squeezed toward the opening portion 33 to reduce the inner diameter of the clip 3 and then placed in the first chamber 12. When the clip 3 is aligned with the mounting groove 114, the clip 3 is released so that the outer end 31 of the clip 3 is accommodated in the mounting groove 114.

[0050] The provision of the clamping member 3 reduces the number of parts of the reducer, reduces the assembly process, reduces the cost, improves the reliability and is conducive to the miniaturization of the reducer.

[0051] In some embodiments, other forms of clamping parts 3 such as wedges, hard gaskets, baffles, etc. can also be used to achieve relative fixation with the housing 1 and the inner gear ring 2.

[0052] The embodiment of the present application also provides a drive system, including the above-mentioned reducer. The drive system refers to a system for driving a motor or other actuators, and the drive system can be widely used in the fields of industrial automation, CNC machine tools, robots, household appliances, etc.

[0053] The embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, the vehicle comprising the above-mentioned drive system. The drive system determines the core indicators of the vehicle such as acceleration performance and cruising range, and affects the performance and economy of the vehicle.

Claims

1. A reducer, characterized in that: include: A shell, comprising a side wall and an internal spline extending from the side wall, wherein the side wall encloses a first chamber, the internal spline is located in the first chamber, a strengthening layer is provided on the surface of the internal spline, and the strengthening layer comprises: a surface layer and a barrier layer, wherein the surface layer covers the barrier layer, and the barrier layer covers the internal spline; The inner gear ring is located in the first cavity, and the inner gear ring includes an outer spline meshing with the inner spline.

2. The reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strengthening layer includes an aluminum oxide film.

3. The reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The strengthening layer is provided with a plurality of membrane holes.

4. The reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The membrane holes are arranged on the surface layer.

5. The reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A clamping piece is fixed to the shell, the inner gear ring is assembled into the first chamber along a first direction, and the clamping piece abuts against the inner gear ring to prevent the inner gear ring from detaching from the shell along a second direction opposite to the first direction.

6. The reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side wall is provided with a mounting groove, the clamping part includes an outer end and an inner end which are arranged opposite to each other, the outer end is received in the mounting groove, the inner gear ring includes a blocking portion, along the first direction, the inner end is located on the outer side of the blocking portion, so as to abut against the blocking portion to prevent the inner gear ring from detaching from the housing.

7. The reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blocking portion is an end portion of the external spline.

8. The reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The housing is made of die-cast aluminum alloy, and the inner gear ring is made of gear steel.

9. A drive system, characterized in that: Comprising the reducer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a drive system as claimed in claim 9.

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