Water-containing section coal seam roadway supporting structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of roadway supporting, in particular to a water-containing section coal seam roadway supporting structure which comprises a supporting mechanism, a supporting mechanism used as a structure body is arranged on the outer side of the supporting mechanism, and an anti-seepage mechanism used for preventing water seepage is arranged at the bottom of the supporting mechanism. By arranging the supporting mechanism and the supporting mechanism, the structure can be suitable for a rectangular coal roadway with loose surrounding rock and rich in water, the cement blanket layer is used for preliminarily fixing the shape of the surrounding rock, the steel wire mesh is used for preventing large and broken blocks from falling off, the fine aggregate concrete layer is used for further fixing, and the absorbent cotton layer is used for absorbing seepage water; loose surrounding rock can be reinforced through the multiple sets of grouting anchor rods and the multiple sets of grouting anchor cables, the active bearing capacity of the structure is improved, the supporting mechanism can change a geometric bending structure of a roadway top plate into an axial compression structure, and therefore the stress condition is improved, the passive bearing capacity of the structure is improved, and the supporting effect of the mechanism is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of roadway support, in particular to a support structure for coal roadway in water-bearing section. Background Technique

[0002] Ordos area belongs to Cretaceous Jurassic strata. Weakly cemented sandstone softens when encountering water. In the process of driving deep coal-rock roadway, the surrounding rock often becomes loose. At this time, the self-stability of the surrounding rock cannot be fully utilized, which increases the difficulty of support. Especially in the water-rich layer section, the strength of the surrounding rock is further weakened, which not only brings a great construction support cost, but also poses a serious threat to underground equipment and construction personnel.

[0003] For example, the application number is CN220566087U and the patent name is an integrated device for supporting roadway in broken soft rock belt with aquifer. It increases the grasping force of the whole device with the muddy broken belt through the fixing device, thereby improving the stability of the roadway support body and the safety of operators. However, it only aims at the U-shaped rock roadway, and has little effect on the roadway with high water content, resulting in poor support effect. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a support structure for coal roadway in water-bearing section, which has the advantages of being able to effectively support the rectangular coal roadway with high water content and loose surrounding rock, and solves the problem that the existing support methods only aim at the U-shaped rock roadway and have poor support effect on the roadway with high water content.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A support structure for coal roadway in water-bearing section, including a support mechanism for stably supporting the roadway roof. The outside of the support mechanism is provided with a support mechanism for serving as the main body of the structure. The bottom of the support mechanism is provided with an anti-seepage mechanism for preventing water seepage. The support mechanism includes a cement blanket layer laid on the coal roadway wall. A wire mesh is installed on the cement blanket layer. A fine aggregate concrete layer is sprayed on the wire mesh. An absorbent cotton layer is laid on the fine aggregate concrete layer. A steel strip is installed on the absorbent cotton layer. Multiple groups of grouting bolts and multiple groups of grouting cables are respectively installed on the two side walls and the top wall of the coal roadway wall. One end of multiple groups of grouting bolts and multiple groups of grouting cables connected to the coal roadway wall is provided with barbs at both its end and the middle part.

[0007] Preferably, the anti-seepage mechanism includes an anti-seepage bottom arch. A steel support bottom frame is installed inside the anti-seepage bottom arch. Anti-seepage concrete is laid on the anti-seepage bottom arch. Water diversion grooves are opened on both sides of the anti-seepage bottom arch. Multiple ordinary bolts penetrating the anti-seepage bottom arch are installed in the anti-seepage concrete.

[0008] Preferably, two side diversion grooves for preventing water leakage are symmetrically formed on the water-absorbing cotton layer, and the plurality of side diversion grooves are respectively communicated with the two water diversion grooves.

[0009] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a U-shaped steel, and triangular support frames are installed on both sides of the top of the U-shaped steel.

[0010] Preferably, both sides of the U-shaped steel are fixed on the side wall of the coal roadway by grouting anchor bolts on both sides, the upper part of the U-shaped steel is fixed on the top wall of the coal roadway by a grouting cable bolt on the top, and the triangular support frame is fixed on the top wall of the coal roadway by a grouting anchor bolt on the top.

[0011] Preferably, both sides of the top of the anti-seepage bottom arch are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cement blanket layer, the wire mesh, the fine stone concrete layer, and the water-absorbing cotton layer.

[0012] By means of the above technical solutions, the utility model provides a support structure for a coal roadway in a water-containing area, which at least has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. By setting the support mechanism and the support structure, the structure of the utility model can be applied to a rectangular coal roadway with loose surrounding rock and rich water. The cement blanket layer is used to initially fix the shape of the surrounding rock, the wire mesh is used to prevent large broken blocks from falling, the fine stone concrete layer is used for further fixation, the water-absorbing cotton layer absorbs the seepage water, and multiple groups of grouting anchor bolts and multiple groups of grouting cable bolts can reinforce the loose surrounding rock, improve the active bearing capacity of the structure. Among them, the support mechanism can change the geometric bending structure of the roadway roof into an axially compressed structure, thereby improving the stress condition and the passive bearing capacity of the structure, and ensuring the support effect of the structure.

[0014] 2. By setting the anti-seepage mechanism, the structure of the utility model can effectively reduce the erosion effect of seepage water on the surrounding rock. The seepage water is guided and absorbed by the water-absorbing cotton layer, and the lateral water flow is controlled by multiple side diversion grooves to reduce the lateral movement of the seepage water, thereby reducing the risk of side leakage. Then, in cooperation with the water diversion groove, the seepage water is converged by gravity and discharged outside the roadway, thereby improving the service life of the structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model and constitute a part of this application:

[0016] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3Structural schematic diagram of the anti-seepage mechanism of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the bolt and cable with barbs of the present utility model.

[0021] Reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Support mechanism; 101. U-shaped steel; 102. Triangular support frame; 2. Support mechanism; 201. Cement blanket layer; 202. Wire mesh; 203. Fine aggregate concrete layer; 204. Water-absorbing cotton layer; 205. Grouting bolt; 206. Grouting cable; 207. Steel strip; 208. Barb; 3. Anti-seepage mechanism; 301. Anti-seepage invert arch; 302. Anti-seepage concrete; 303. Side diversion groove; 304. Water diversion groove; 305. Ordinary bolt. Specific embodiments

[0023] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Due to the exhaustion of shallow coal resources, deep development has become the main trend of current coal mining, and the stability problem of coal seam roadways is particularly prominent. Deep coal roadways are mostly rectangular in design. In addition, the surrounding rock is often loose during the roadway driving process. At this time, the self-stability of the surrounding rock cannot be fully utilized, which increases the difficulty of support. Especially in the water-rich layer section, the strength of the surrounding rock is further weakened, specifically manifested in problems such as roof subsidence, lateral displacement, and floor heave. This not only brings a great construction support cost but also poses a serious threat to underground equipment and construction personnel. Therefore, it is necessary to design a support method for loose surrounding rock aquifers to solve the above problems and achieve the purpose of optimizing the support structure and improving the support strength of coal seam roadways in water-rich sections. The following describes some embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide a support structure for coal seam roadways in water-containing sections.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] In order to effectively support a rectangular coal roadway with high water content and loose surrounding rock, in combination with Figures 1-4As shown in the figure, a support structure for coal seam roadways in water-bearing sections is proposed. A support mechanism 1 is provided to stably support the roadway roof. A support mechanism 2 is arranged outside the support mechanism 1. The support mechanism 2 serves as the main structure, thus greatly improving the load-bearing capacity of the structure. An anti-seepage mechanism 3 is arranged at the bottom of the support mechanism 2. The anti-seepage mechanism 3 is used to reduce the permeation corrosion of seepage water and ensure the use effect of the structure.

[0027] In order to effectively reinforce the loose surrounding rock, a support mechanism 2 is proposed. It includes laying a cement blanket layer 201 on the coal roadway wall. A wire mesh 202 is installed on the cement blanket layer 201. A fine aggregate concrete layer 203 is sprayed on the wire mesh 202. A water-absorbing cotton layer 204 is laid on the fine aggregate concrete layer 203. A steel strip 207 is installed on the water-absorbing cotton layer 204. Multiple groups of grouting bolts 205 and multiple groups of grouting cables 206 are respectively installed on the two side walls and the top wall of the coal roadway wall. At the end and the middle part of the end where the multiple groups of grouting bolts 205 and the multiple groups of grouting cables 206 are connected to the coal roadway wall, barbs 208 are provided. After the cement blanket layer 201 is laid, watering can make it harden, which is used to initially fix the shape of the surrounding rock. Subsequently, the wire mesh 202 is laid to prevent large broken blocks from falling. Then, the fine aggregate concrete layer 203 is sprayed, which can not only strengthen the fixation but also ensure smoothness and beauty. Finally, the water-absorbing cotton layer 204 is laid. The water-absorbing cotton layer 204 can play a guiding role and absorb the water seeping from the surrounding rock. Grouting bolts 205 are installed on the coal roadway wall. First, coarse-grained cement slurry is injected to reinforce the loose surrounding rock. Secondly, fine-grained cement mortar is filled to compact the surrounding rock. Since the grouting bolts 205 are only applicable to the surrounding rock within a range of three meters, in order to further reinforce the deep surrounding rock, grouting cables 206 need to be installed again. Similarly, coarse-grained and fine-grained cement mortar are respectively filled. The combined use of the grouting bolts 205 and the grouting cables 206 improves the active bearing capacity of the surrounding rock. The steel strip 207 can strengthen the fastening force of the grouting bolts 205 and the grouting cables 206, and can also strengthen and compact the loose surrounding rock. The barbs 208 can strengthen the mechanical biting force between the grouting bolts 205 and the grouting cables 206 and the surrounding rock, greatly improving the support capacity of the structure.

[0028] In order to improve the stress condition of the structure, a support mechanism 1 is proposed. By setting a U-shaped steel 101, triangular support frames 102 are installed on both sides of the top of the U-shaped steel 101. The two sides of the U-shaped steel 101 are fixed on the side wall of the coal roadway wall through the grouting bolts 205 on both sides. The upper part of the U-shaped steel 101 is fixed on the top wall of the coal roadway wall through the grouting cable 206 on the top. The triangular support frames 102 are fixed on the top wall of the coal roadway wall through the grouting bolts 205 on the top. Through the U-shaped steel 101 and the triangular support frames 102, the geometric bending structure of the rectangular roadway roof can be changed into an axial compression structure, thus improving the stress condition at the top of the structure and enhancing the passive bearing capacity of the structure.

[0029] Example Two:

[0030] On the basis of Example One, the technical solution proposed in Example One is used to solve the problem that in the prior art, the surrounding rock of deep coal roadways is often loose during tunneling. At this time, the self-stability of the surrounding rock cannot be fully utilized, which increases the difficulty of support. Especially in the water-rich section, the strength of the surrounding rock is further weakened, which not only brings a great construction support cost, but also poses a serious threat to underground equipment and construction personnel. However, when the water-absorbing cotton layer 204 absorbs the seepage water, if there is too much seepage water, it will erode the anti-seepage invert arch 301. If the excess seepage water is not collected and treated, the service life of the structure will be greatly reduced.

[0031] In order to collect and treat the excess seepage water, in combination with Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, an anti-seepage mechanism 3 is now proposed. By setting an anti-seepage invert arch 301, a steel support chassis is installed inside the anti-seepage invert arch 301, an anti-seepage concrete 302 is laid on the anti-seepage invert arch 301, water diversion grooves 304 are opened on both sides of the anti-seepage invert arch 301, and a plurality of ordinary bolts 305 penetrating the anti-seepage invert arch 301 are installed in the anti-seepage concrete 302. Two side diversion grooves 303 for preventing water body leakage are symmetrically opened on the water-absorbing cotton layer 204. A plurality of side diversion grooves 303 are respectively communicated with the two water diversion grooves 304. Both sides of the top of the anti-seepage invert arch 301 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cement blanket layer 201, the wire mesh 202, the fine aggregate concrete layer 203, and the water-absorbing cotton layer 204. By filling anti-seepage concrete 302 at the top end of the anti-seepage invert arch 301 and passing ordinary bolts 305 through the anti-seepage concrete 302, the stability of the anti-seepage invert arch 301 is improved, and the erosion of the anti-seepage invert arch 301 by ground seepage water and the seepage water in the water diversion grooves 304 is isolated. The water diversion grooves 304 are reinforced and leveled by the anti-seepage concrete 302 to prevent the water inside from affecting the durability of the anti-seepage invert arch 301. By controlling the lateral water flow through a plurality of side diversion grooves 303, the lateral movement of the seepage water is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of side leakage. Then, in cooperation with the water diversion grooves 304 to converge the seepage water by gravity, the seepage water is discharged outside the roadway, and the service life of the structure is improved.

[0032] It should be noted that the term "comprises", "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coal seam tunnel support structure in a water-bearing area, characterized by: It comprises a support mechanism (1) for stably supporting the tunnel roof, a supporting mechanism (2) for serving as a structural main body is arranged outside the support mechanism (1), and an anti-seepage mechanism (3) for preventing water penetration is arranged at the bottom of the supporting mechanism (2); The support mechanism (2) comprises a cement blanket layer (201) laid on the coal roadway wall, a steel mesh (202) is installed on the cement blanket layer (201), a fine stone concrete layer (203) is sprayed on the steel mesh (202), a water-absorbing cotton layer (204) is laid on the fine stone concrete layer (203), and a steel belt (207) is installed on the water-absorbing cotton layer (204). Multiple groups of grouting anchor rods (205) and multiple groups of grouting anchor cables (206) are respectively installed on the two side walls and the top wall of the coal roadway wall, and the ends of the multiple groups of grouting anchor rods (205) and the multiple groups of grouting anchor cables (206) connected to the coal roadway wall are provided with barbs (208) at their ends and in the middle.

2. A water-bearing coal seam tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-seepage mechanism (3) comprises an anti-seepage bottom arch (301), a steel support frame is installed in the anti-seepage bottom arch (301), anti-seepage concrete (302) is laid on the anti-seepage bottom arch (301), water diversion grooves (304) are opened on both sides of the anti-seepage bottom arch (301), and a plurality of common anchor rods (305) penetrating the anti-seepage bottom arch (301) are installed in the anti-seepage concrete (302).

3. A water-bearing coal seam tunnel support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two side guide grooves (303) are symmetrically arranged on the water-absorbing cotton layer (204) to prevent water leakage, and the plurality of side guide grooves (303) are respectively connected to the two water diversion grooves (304).

4. A water-bearing coal seam tunnel support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support mechanism (1) comprises a U-shaped steel (101), and triangular support frames (102) are installed on both sides of the top of the U-shaped steel (101).

5. A water-bearing coal seam tunnel support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two sides of the U-shaped steel (101) are fixed to the side walls of the coal roadway wall through grouting anchor rods (205) on both sides, the upper part of the U-shaped steel (101) is fixed to the top wall of the coal roadway wall through the grouting anchor cable (206) at the top, and the triangular support frame (102) is fixed to the top wall of the coal roadway wall through the grouting anchor rods (205) at the top.

6. A water-bearing coal seam tunnel support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both sides of the top of the anti-seepage bottom arch (301) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cement blanket layer (201), the steel wire mesh (202), the fine stone concrete layer (203), and the water-absorbing cotton layer (204).

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