Special tool for preventing heat treatment warping of special-shaped flat and long forgings

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of warpage deformation of heat treatment forgings of metal forgings, in particular to a special tool for preventing heat treatment warpage of special-shaped flat and long forgings. The special tool is provided with a frame combined type structure and comprises a loading carrier part, the material carrier part comprises a supporting cross arm, a chassis and a lateral lifting lug; a plurality of supporting cross arm groups are arranged on the chassis, and each supporting cross arm group is used for supporting the special-shaped flat and long forgings; the supporting cross arm group consists of a plurality of rows of parallel supporting cross arms; the distances between the adjacent supporting cross arms are different; lateral lifting lugs extend outwards from the two side edges of the chassis respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of heat treatment warping deformation of metal forgings, and particularly relates to a special tooling for preventing heat treatment warping of special-shaped flat and long forgings. Background Art

[0002] During the forging process of some TA15 forgings such as XX108, XX123, and XX124 of a certain type of machine, there is a large stress. During the subsequent heat treatment process, it is extremely easy to deform. Moreover, the strength of this material is relatively low during the heat treatment heating process. The local special-shaped structure on the flat and long forgings causes the center of gravity of the forgings to be unbalanced, further resulting in warping of the forgings after heat treatment. In order to meet the drawing requirements, it is necessary to correct the warping of the forgings after heat treatment, which seriously affects the first-pass inspection qualification rate and production cycle of the forgings. Due to the inevitable stress in the forging process and the influence of the forging shape, it is necessary to consider taking measures during the heat treatment furnace loading and cooling processes to prevent the warping of the forgings. By using a special anti-deformation tooling, the risk of warping of the forgings during the heat treatment process can be effectively controlled. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to design a special loading tooling for the heat treatment of such forgings in order to prevent the warping deformation of special-shaped flat and long forgings during the heat treatment process.

[0004] Technical Solution:

[0005] The utility model provides a special tooling for preventing heat treatment warping of special-shaped flat and long forgings, which is characterized in that the tooling has a frame combined structure, and the special tooling includes a loading carrier part;

[0006] The loading carrier part includes a support crossbar, a chassis, and side lifting lugs;

[0007] A plurality of support crossbar groups are arranged on the chassis, and each support crossbar group is used to support the special-shaped flat and long forgings; the support crossbar group is composed of multiple rows of parallel support crossbars; the spacing between adjacent support crossbars is different; side lifting lugs extend outwards from both sides of the chassis.

[0008] Furthermore, the special tooling further includes an anti-warping pressing part;

[0009] The anti-warping pressing part includes a ring clamp, a cross beam, and a wedge iron;

[0010] The special-shaped flat and long forgings are clamped between a pair of cross beams, and are clamped tightly at both ends by a ring clamp and a wedge iron;

[0011] The anti-warping pressing part is located between adjacent support crossbars.

[0012] Furthermore, the chassis is set as a hollow structure, and reinforcing ribs are arranged on the back of the chassis. A certain length is reserved at both ends of the reinforcing ribs for the special lifting tooling.

[0013] Furthermore, the loading carrier part is integrally formed by casting, with a 140×60mm encrypted reinforcing rib design, meeting the requirement that the flatness of the loading rack does not exceed 3mm during repeated heating and cooling processes.

[0014] Furthermore, the length of the cross beam = the number of forgings × the width of the forging + the number of forgings × (50 - 100)mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner diameter length of the ring clamp = the thickness of the forging + 2 × the thickness of the cross beam + (10 - 30)mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the anti - warping pressing part can achieve clamping of one, two, three or more forgings in a group.

[0017] The beneficial effects are as follows: In the past, when this special - shaped flat - long forging was heat - treated without taking warping control measures, the warping amount of the forging after heat - treatment was large (the vertical parting - plane size of the forging changed greatly, not meeting the drawing requirements). Each time, a correction process was required. However, the warping correction of this type of special - shaped flat - long forging is very difficult and highly tests the correction technology, and it needs to be corrected repeatedly. This leads to low work efficiency and huge costs, and the repeated correction also has an adverse impact on the performance of the forging. By designing and using this tooling, when the forging is loaded into the furnace before heat - treatment, according to the characteristics of the special - shaped flat - long forging, the lever principle is cleverly used to fix the forging in sections in the length direction. The loading carrier part is designed as a crossbar with gaps to horizontally support each part of the forging, so that it does not warp in the vertical direction. The overall hollow design meets the requirements of heat and cooling air circulation, realizes uniform heating and cooling of each part of the forging, promotes the uniformity of forging heating and cooling. By using the tooling, on the one hand, the warping caused by the stress release of the forging during the heating and cooling process of heat - treatment can be greatly reduced, and on the other hand, the warping caused by the stress due to uneven temperature field during the heating and cooling process of the forging can be reduced, effectively solving the deformation problem of this type of forging. This tooling is ingeniously designed, simple to use, convenient for hoisting, easy to operate, and can realize multi - group loading in the same furnace, effectively utilizing the furnace space, improving efficiency and saving costs. And the manufacturing cost of this tooling is low and it is easy to realize. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is the three - dimensional view of the special tooling for forging heat - treatment;

[0019] Figure 2 is the front schematic view of the loading carrier part;

[0020] Figure 3 is the back schematic view of the loading carrier part;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross beam.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the ring clamp.

[0023] Figure 6 It is the assembly drawing of the special tooling for the heat treatment of forgings. Specific implementation mode

[0024] This special tooling has a frame combined structure, as Figure 1-6 shown. The tooling is divided into a loading carrier part 1 and an anti-warping pressing part 2. The loading carrier part is integrally formed by casting.

[0025] The loading carrier part 1 includes a support crossbar 11, a chassis 12 and a lateral lifting lug 13;

[0026] The anti-warping pressing part 2 includes a ring clamp 21, a cross beam 22 and a wedge iron 23;

[0027] The loading carrier part is integrally formed by casting, with a 140×60mm encrypted through-bar design, meeting the requirement that the flatness of the loading rack does not exceed 3mm during repeated heating and cooling processes.

[0028] The loading carrier part uses ZG1Cr25Ni20Si2 or ZG2Cr24Ni7Si2 and similar materials.

[0029] The cross beam and ring clamp of the anti-warping pressing part are formed by forging using GH4099 material.

[0030] The length of the cross beam of the anti-warping pressing part = the number of forgings × the width of the forging + the number of forgings × (50 - 100)mm.

[0031] The inner diameter length of the ring clamp of the anti-warping pressing part = the thickness of the forging + 2 × the thickness of the cross beam + (10 - 30)mm.

[0032] The anti-warping pressing part can realize clamping of 2, 3 or more forgings in a group.

[0033] The overall drawing of the tooling is as follows Figure 1 shown. The loading carrier part of the tooling is integrally formed by casting as Figure 1 shown. The anti-warping pressing part is a cross beam as Figure 3 shown, with dimensions: 20mm×40mm×[the number of forgings × the width of the forging + the number of forgings × (50 - 100)]mm. The ring clamp of the anti-warping pressing part is as Figure 4 shown. The inner cavity dimensions of the ring clamp are: 25mm×20mm×[the thickness of the forging + 2 × the thickness of the cross beam + (10 - 30)]mm, and the outer cavity dimensions of the ring clamp are: 65mm×20mm×[the thickness of the forging + 2 × the thickness of the cross beam + (10 - 30)]mm.

[0034] The overall dimensions of the tooling are 1500 mm × 1064 mm × 230 mm.

[0035] During the heat treatment heating and cooling processes of the special-shaped flat and long forgings, changes in the forging dimensions are prevented, and warping of the forgings is avoided. The specific steps are as follows:

[0036] Step 1: Horizontally place the special-shaped flat and long forgings evenly along the length direction on the loading carrier part of the special tooling. Embed the special-shaped convex parts of the forgings into the gaps of the loading part, and make the parting surface parallel to the bottom plane of the carrier.

[0037] Step 2: Install a set of pressing crossbeams and ring clamps on the forgings in sequence.

[0038] Step 3: Use wedge iron to pad and tighten the gap between the ring clamp and the crossbeam.

[0039] Step 4: During the processes of furnace heating and furnace discharging for cooling, hoist carefully to prevent the wedge iron from loosening.

[0040] Step 5: When the forgings are discharged from the furnace for cooling, cooperate with a forklift or a crane to transfer the forgings together with the fixtures to another set of carriers at room temperature. On the premise of not affecting the cooling effect of the forgings, reduce the risk of forging deformation caused by cooling stress.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] For a certain titanium alloy die forging, the material is TA15, the forging dimensions are 817 mm × 163 mm × 133 mm, and the warping amount in the vertical direction is required not to exceed 3 mm. This forging is a special-shaped flat and long die forging. Due to its thin and long shape and local special shape, the stress during the forging process is large, and warping occurs due to stress release during the subsequent heat treatment process. In addition, warping is also likely to occur when the center of gravity is unbalanced during the heat treatment process, and the warping often does not meet the drawing requirements. Use this tooling to load and heat-treat according to the described method:

[0043] Step 1: Horizontally place the forging evenly along the length direction on the loading carrier part of the special tooling. Embed the special-shaped convex parts of the forging into the gaps of the loading part, make the parting surface parallel to the bottom plane of the carrier, 8 pieces are loaded on one loading rack, and 2 loading racks are loaded in one furnace.

[0044] Step 2: Install a set of pressing crossbeams and a clamping ring on the forging in sequence.

[0045] Step 3: Use wedge iron to pad and tighten the gap between the ring clamp and the crossbeam as Figure 6 shown;

[0046] Step 4: During the processes of furnace heating and furnace discharging for cooling, hoist carefully to prevent the wedge iron from loosening.

[0047] Step 5: When the forging is taken out of the furnace and cooled, cooperate with a forklift or crane to transfer the forging together with the fixture to another set of carriers at room temperature.

[0048] All the markings on the forging after heat treatment meet the requirement that the warpage amount ≤ 2 mm. By comparing the warpage of the forging before and after heat treatment, it is found that the forging basically does not warp in the vertical direction during the heat treatment process, and the dimensional change does not exceed 2 mm, which strongly shows that the effect of this tooling is very obvious.

Claims

1. A special tool for preventing heat treatment warping of special-shaped flat forgings, characterized in that: include: The tool has a frame assembly structure, and the special tool comprises a loading carrier part (1); The material carrier part (1) comprises a supporting cross arm (11), a chassis (12) and lateral lifting ears (13); A plurality of supporting crossarm groups are arranged on the chassis, each supporting crossarm group is used to support the special-shaped flat and long forgings; the supporting crossarm group is composed of a plurality of rows of parallel supporting crossarms; the spacing between adjacent supporting crossarms is different; Lateral lifting ears extend outwards from both sides of the chassis.

2. The special tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special tooling also includes an anti-warping pressing part (2); The anti-warping pressing part (2) comprises a ring clamp (21), a cross beam (22), and a wedge iron (23); A pair of crossbeams clamps a special-shaped flat forging, and both ends are clamped by a ring clamp (21) and a wedge iron (23); The anti-warping pressing portion (2) is located between adjacent supporting cross arms.

3. The special tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis is arranged as a hollow structure, and a through rib (14) is arranged on the back of the chassis, and a certain length is reserved at both ends of the through rib for lifting special tooling.

4. The special tooling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The loading carrier part is cast in one piece, with a 140×60mm dense rib design to ensure that the loading rack has a flatness of no more than 3mm during repeated heating and cooling processes.

5. The special tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Beam length = number of forgings × forging width + number of forgings × (50~100) mm.

6. The special tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter length of the ring clamp = forging thickness + 2 × beam thickness + (10~30) mm.

7. The special tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-warping clamping part can realize the clamping of 1, 2, 3 or more forgings in one assembly.

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