Shell clamp

Abstract

A shell clamp comprises a supporting frame arranged on machining equipment and used for supporting the clamp and a shell workpiece; the base is arranged on the supporting frame and used for bearing a shell workpiece, and at least three inwards-concave notches are formed in the base in the circumferential direction; the limiting assembly is arranged on the supporting frame and used for being clamped into the inwards-concave notch and positioning the shell workpiece in the horizontal direction. The positioning assembly is used for pressing the shell workpiece on the base and pressing the shell workpiece in the vertical direction; and at least three groups of clamping assemblies are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side of the first circumferential part. A shell workpiece is positioned in the vertical direction through the limiting assembly and the positioning assembly, and lateral supporting force is provided for the machining position through circumferential distribution of the multiple sets of clamping assemblies; the inner side of a contact point of the lateral jacking piece is metered in a pressing state of the bottom positioning assembly, and lateral stress deformation is caused by adjustment, so that eccentricity and rotation centrifugal force of a shell workpiece are reduced, overall deformation of a gearbox shell is reduced, and product precision and quality are guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to an engine shell machining tool, in particular to a shell clamp. BACKGROUND

[0002] An automobile engine is the heart of an automobile, and can be said to be one of the most important components of an automobile. The engine is a power source of the automobile, and mainly functions to provide power to the automobile, and determines the economy, environmental protection, stability and power performance of the automobile. A gearbox is a mechanism for changing the speed and torque from an engine, and can fix or change the transmission ratio of an output shaft and an input shaft in stages. A gearbox shell is a shell structure for mounting a gearbox transmission mechanism and accessories thereof. When the gearbox shell is machined, the shell needs to be fixed first and then polished, drilled, milled and the like.

[0003] The shell of the gearbox shell is integrally cast into shape. Since the gearbox is a multi-gear transmission structure, please refer to FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b). The shell includes a first circumferential portion and a second circumferential portion which are parallel to an axis. The first circumferential portion needs to be machined into a thin-walled body with a certain diameter and depth.

[0004] The clamp in the prior art only fixes the end face of the gearbox shell for machining, and is not fixed as a whole. The shell workpiece has a large centrifugal force in rotation, and the whole gearbox shell is prone to deformation. The machining eccentricity is relatively serious, which affects the precision and quality of the product. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The application provides a shell clamp for positioning a shell workpiece to be machined and adjusting the positioning precision, so as to improve the machining precision and quality of the shell workpiece.

[0006] According to an aspect of the application, a shell clamp for positioning a shell workpiece is provided in an embodiment, which includes:

[0007] A support frame is arranged on a machining device and used for supporting the clamp and the shell workpiece;

[0008] A base is arranged on the support frame and used for carrying the shell workpiece. The base is provided with at least three inner recessed notches in a circumferential direction.

[0009] A limiting assembly is arranged on the support frame. The limiting assembly is used for clamping into the inner recessed notches and positioning the shell workpiece in a horizontal direction.

[0010] A positioning assembly is used for pressing and holding the shell workpiece on the base and pressing and holding the shell workpiece in a vertical direction; and

[0011] The clamping assembly is provided with at least three groups and is uniformly distributed around the first circumferential part, comprising a mounting frame, a clamping drive and a pressing element, the mounting frame is arranged on the support frame and is used to support the clamping drive, the pressing element is arranged on the output end of the clamping drive and is used to press against the outer surface of the shell workpiece, and the clamping drive is used to drive the pressing element to approach or move away from the shell workpiece.

[0012] In another embodiment, the limiting assembly comprises a support seat, and the support seat is provided with at least three mounting holes, the support seat comprises an upper surface and a lower surface, and is locked on the support frame through the mounting holes, and the upper surface is used to support the shell workpiece.

[0013] In another embodiment, the inner surface of the concave notch is arranged in a circular arc shape, the lower surface of the support seat is provided with a contact surface for abutting against the inner surface of the concave notch, and the contact surface is arranged in a circular arc shape corresponding to the inner surface of the concave notch.

[0014] In another embodiment, the limiting assembly further comprises a positioning pin shaft arranged on the upper surface of the support seat, the positioning pin shaft is used to extend into the positioning hole of the shell workpiece and provide horizontal limiting and support for the shell workpiece.

[0015] In another embodiment, the base is provided with a positioning column arranged vertically and used to extend into the second circumferential part to provide horizontal limiting and support for the shell workpiece.

[0016] In another embodiment, the positioning assembly comprises a driving element and a pressing block, the driving element is arranged on the support frame, the pressing block is arranged on the output shaft of the driving element, and the driving element is used to drive the pressing block to press on the shell workpiece in the vertical direction.

[0017] In another embodiment, the positioning assembly further comprises a rocker arm and a connecting rod, the output shaft of the driving element is arranged in the vertical direction, one end of the rocker arm is hingedly connected to the output shaft of the driving element, and the other end is used to mount the pressing block, the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the rocker arm and the support frame at both ends, and the hinge shaft of the rocker arm and the rotation shaft of the connecting rod are both arranged horizontally and parallelly.

[0018] In another embodiment, the pressing element comprises an arc-shaped frame, the arc-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the clamping drive, and the rotation shaft of the arc-shaped frame is arranged in the vertical direction, the arc-shaped frame has two contact ends and is used to abut against the outer wall of the shell workpiece.

[0019] In another embodiment, the two contact ends of the arc-shaped frame are both provided with pressing wheels, the pressing wheels are rotatably mounted on the two contact ends of the arc-shaped frame, and the rotation shafts of the pressing wheels are arranged parallelly to the rotation shaft of the arc-shaped frame.

[0020] In another embodiment, the base is arranged in a stepped manner, including an embedded part and a supporting part, the embedded part is used to support the inside of the shell workpiece, the concave notch is arranged on the side of the supporting part, and the supporting part is used to support the end face of the shell workpiece.

[0021] According to the shell clamp of the above-mentioned embodiment, the shell workpiece is inverted, the end face of the shell workpiece is supported by the base, the vertical positioning is realized by the limiting assembly and the positioning assembly pressing the shell workpiece in the vertical direction, the first circumferential part above the shell workpiece is distributed along the circumferential direction by the multiple sets of clamping assemblies, and the lateral supporting force is provided for the machining position; the contact point inside of the dial lateral pressing piece is contacted under the pressing state of the bottom positioning assembly, the lateral stress deformation of the clamping drive is adjusted to be within a certain value, the whole clamp is balanced and adjusted around the first circumferential part axis as the rotation center, so as to reduce the eccentricity and rotation centrifugal force of the shell workpiece, reduce the overall deformation of the gearbox shell, guarantee the product precision and quality, and improve the efficiency and quality of the batch processing of the shell workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] FIG. 1(a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shell workpiece to be processed in the embodiment of the application;

[0023] FIG. 1(b) is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell workpiece to be processed in the embodiment of the application;

[0024] Figure 2 FIG. 1(c) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shell clamp clamping the shell workpiece in an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 FIG. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shell clamp in an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 FIG. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base in an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 5 FIG. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting seat in an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 6 FIG. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning assembly in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 7 FIG. 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping assembly in an embodiment.

[0030] Label: 1, shell workpiece; 11, first circumferential part; 12, second circumferential part; 13, end face; 14, positioning hole; 15, mounting hole; 2, support frame; 3, base; 31, inner recessed notch; 32, positioning column; 33, embedded part; 34, support part; 4, limiting assembly; 41, support seat; 411, mounting hole; 42, positioning pin shaft; 5, positioning assembly; 51, mounting plate; 52, driving piece; 53, pressing block; 54, rocker arm; 55, connecting rod; 6, clamping assembly; 61, mounting frame; 62, clamping drive; 621, torque cylinder; 63, tightening piece; 631, arc-shaped frame; 632, tightening wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The application will be further described in details through specific embodiments combined with the drawings. In different embodiments, similar elements are associated with similar element labels. In the following embodiments, many details are described in order to make the application better understood. However, those skilled in the art can easily recognize that some features can be omitted in different cases, or can be replaced by other elements, materials, methods. In some cases, some operations related to the application are not shown or described in the specification, in order to avoid the core part of the application being overwhelmed by too much description, and it is not necessary to describe these related operations in detail for those skilled in the art according to the description in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0032] In addition, the features, operations or characteristics described in the specification can be combined in any appropriate way to form various embodiments, and the operation steps involved in each embodiment can also be sequentially adjusted or adjusted in a manner that is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the specification and drawings are only for the purpose of clearly describing one embodiment, and do not mean that the composition and / or order is necessary.

[0033] The serial numbers of the components in this paper, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects, and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" in this application include direct and indirect connections (couplings) unless otherwise specified.

[0034] The gearbox housing is a housing structure for mounting the gearbox transmission mechanism and its accessories. When the gearbox housing is processed, it needs to be fixed first and then polished, drilled, milled and other operations. The housing of the gearbox housing is integrally cast into shape. Since the inside of the gearbox is a multi-gear transmission structure, please refer to FIG. 1(a) and FIG. 1(b), the housing includes a first circumferential part 11 and a second circumferential part 12 parallel to the axis. When processing, the housing is clamped and set, the housing end face 13 is downward, and the housing end face 13 and the structure inside the housing are set as a step, and the housing end face 13 is provided with a plurality of connecting holes for connecting the end face 13; wherein the first circumferential part 11 needs to be processed into a thin-walled body with a certain diameter and depth.

[0035] The housing fixture in the prior art only fixes the processing end face 13 of the gearbox housing, not the whole, and in the embodiment of the present application, the processing diameter of the first circumferential part 11 of the housing workpiece 1 is required to be 200mm, the depth is 189mm, and the roundness of the thin wall is required to be 0.04mm. The thin-walled body deforms greatly during processing, the centrifugal force of the housing workpiece 1 is large, the processing eccentricity is more serious, and the product precision and quality are affected.

[0036] The present application provides a kind of fixture, for positioning the housing workpiece 1 to be processed and adjusting positioning accuracy, to improve the processing precision and quality of housing workpiece 1.

[0037] One embodiment provides a housing fixture for positioning the housing workpiece 1, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , including support frame 2 and base 3, limiting assembly 4, positioning assembly 5 and clamping assembly 6 arranged on support frame 2; support frame 2 is arranged on processing equipment and is used to support the fixture and the housing workpiece 1; base 3 is arranged on support frame 2 and is used to carry the housing workpiece 1, and the base 3 is provided with at least three inner recesses 31 in the circumferential direction; limiting assembly 4 is arranged on support frame 2, and limiting assembly 4 is used to be clamped into inner recess 31 and position the housing workpiece 1 in horizontal direction; positioning assembly 5 is used to press and hold the housing workpiece 1 on base 3 and press and hold the housing workpiece 1 in vertical direction; clamping assembly 6 is provided with at least three groups and is uniformly distributed on the side of first circumferential part 11, including mounting frame 61, clamping drive 62 and jacking piece 63, mounting frame 61 is arranged on support frame 2 and is used to support clamping drive 62, and clamping drive 62 adopts torque cylinder 621 in the embodiment of the present application, jacking piece 63 is arranged on the output end of torque cylinder 621 and is used to jacking on the outer surface of housing workpiece 1, and torque cylinder 621 is used to drive jacking piece 63 to approach or away from housing workpiece 1.

[0038] Further, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4The base 3 is provided with a positioning column 32 vertically arranged and used for extending into the second circumferential part 12, supporting the inner wall of the second circumferential part 12 and providing horizontal limiting and supporting for the shell workpiece 1 to limit the deviation of the second circumferential part 12 during positioning and processing.

[0039] During use, the shell workpiece 1 is inverted, the end face 13 of the shell workpiece 1 is supported by the base 3, the shell workpiece 1 is pressed and held in the vertical direction by the limiting assembly 4 and the positioning assembly 5 to realize vertical positioning, the first circumferential part 11 above the shell workpiece 1 is provided with a plurality of groups of clamping assemblies 6 distributed in the circumferential direction to provide lateral supporting force for the processing position, the inside of the contact point of the dial lateral pressing piece 63 is contacted under the pressing state of the bottom positioning assembly 5, the moment cylinder 621 is adjusted to the lateral stress deformation within a certain value, the whole clamp is balanced and adjusted around the first circumferential part 11 as the rotation center, so as to reduce the eccentricity and rotation centrifugal force of the shell workpiece 1, reduce the overall deformation of the gearbox shell, ensure the product precision and quality, and improve the efficiency and quality of batch processing of the shell workpiece 1.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 4 The base 3 is arranged in a stepped manner and includes an embedded part 33 and a supporting part 34, the embedded part 33 is used for extending into the stepped face structure inside the shell workpiece 1 to support the stepped face structure, and the supporting part 34 is used for abutting and supporting the end face 13 of the shell workpiece 1; the inner recess 31 is arranged on the side of the supporting part 34, and in the embodiment, four groups of inner recesses 31 are arranged on the side of the shell workpiece 1.

[0041] Further, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The limiting assembly 4 includes a supporting seat 41, and the supporting seat 41 is provided with at least three mounting holes 15, the mounting holes 15 are arranged as stepped holes, so that the supporting seat 41 is locked on the supporting frame 2 through bolts passing through the mounting holes 15 to realize the positioning of the supporting seat 41 and further realize the positioning of the base 3 and the shell workpiece 1.

[0042] Among them, please refer to Figure 5The support seat 41 is provided as a conical table, including an upper surface and a lower surface, and the periphery of the conical table is cut by three vertical planes to form an alternating periphery of the conical table of three vertical planes and three circular arc surfaces, and the upper surface is used to support the shell workpiece 1. In the embodiment of the present application, two positioning pin shafts 42 are fixed on the upper surface of the support seat 41, and the end surface 13 of the shell workpiece 1 is provided with a positioning hole 14 for the positioning pin shaft 42 to insert into, and the positioning pin shaft 42 is used to extend into the positioning hole 14 of the shell workpiece 1 and provide horizontal limiting and support for the shell workpiece 1. The lower surface is pressed on the support frame 2, the inner surface of the inner recess 31 is provided in a circular arc shape, and the circular arc surface of the periphery of the support seat 41 is provided as a contact surface abutting against the inner surface of the inner recess 31, thereby improving the tightness and stability of the positioning between the inner recess 31 and the support seat 41.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 The positioning assembly 5 includes a mounting plate 51, a driving member 52, a pressing block 53, a rocker arm 54 and a connecting rod 55. The mounting plate 51 is locked on the support frame 2 by bolts. The driving member 52 of the present application is a hydraulic cylinder, which is mounted on the mounting plate 51, and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the vertical direction. One end of the rocker arm 54 is arranged on the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is used to mount the pressing block 53, which is arranged towards one side of the support frame 2, so that the hydraulic cylinder drives the rocker arm 54 and the pressing block 53 to press on the shell workpiece 1 in the vertical direction.

[0044] Further, please refer to Figure 6 The rocker arm 54 is hinged at the end of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, the upper end of the connecting rod 55 is rotatably connected with the rocker arm 54, and the lower end is rotatably connected with the mounting plate 51 through a rotating seat, and the hinge shaft of the rocker arm 54 and the rotating shaft of the connecting rod 55 are both arranged horizontally and parallel. The cylinder extends to drive one end of the rocker arm 54 to rise, and makes the rocker arm 54 rotate around the rotating shaft of the connecting rod 55, so that one end of the pressing block 53 of the rocker arm 54 descends, thereby pressing the public parts. In the embodiment of the present application, the positioning assembly 5 is provided with three groups, which correspond to the support positions of the support seat 41. In other embodiments, the number and mounting position of the limiting assembly 4 and the positioning assembly 5 are designed according to the different shapes of the shell workpiece 1.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, the support frame 2 supports the overall clamp and the shell workpiece 1. Before machining, the support frame 2 needs to be installed on the vertical lathe, and then the shell workpiece 1 is positioned. The lower end of the support frame 2 is provided with a turntable mounting position for installation on the vertical lathe and rotation for machining. The end surface 13 of the shell workpiece 1 is supported by the base 3, and four support seats 41 are used as support points. Three of them correspond to the pressing points of the hydraulic cylinders to resist the downward pressure. The top of the two support seats 41 contains the positioning pins of the shell workpiece 1, and the positioning column 32 provides lateral support force to the shell workpiece 1 in the horizontal direction.

[0046] The moment cylinder 621 is distributed on the upper end of the shell workpiece 1 and is located on the periphery of the machining part of the shell workpiece 1 to provide lateral support force for the machining position. Meanwhile, the contact point inside of the dial lateral pressing piece 63 is pressed under the pressing state of the bottom hydraulic cylinder, the moment cylinder 621 is adjusted to be within 0.003mm of the lateral stress deformation, the whole clamp is balanced and adjusted with the axis of the first circumferential part 11 as the rotation center, and the adjustment value is within 0.2g / mm at 800rmp with the actual machining speed of 500rmp as an example.

[0047] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the pressing piece 63 comprises an arc-shaped frame 631, which is provided in a semicircular shape in this embodiment. The arc-shaped frame 631 is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the moment cylinder 621, and the rotation shaft of the arc-shaped frame 631 is arranged in the vertical direction and located at the midpoint of the arc-shaped frame 631. The arc-shaped frame 631 has two contact ends and is used for abutting against the outer wall of the shell workpiece 1, so that the whole arc-shaped frame 631 can be adjusted and the pressure direction of the contact end can be adjusted towards the center of the first circumferential part 11.

[0048] Further, referring to Figure 7 , the arc-shaped frame 631 is provided with a pressing wheel 632 at each contact end. The pressing wheel 632 is rotatably installed at each contact end of the arc-shaped frame 631, and the rotation shaft of the pressing wheel 632 is arranged in parallel with the rotation shaft of the arc-shaped frame 631. Any arc-shaped frame 631 is provided with two contact positions to provide lateral support force for the shell workpiece 1.

[0049] The use process of the shell clamp in this application is as follows: the support frame 2 with the whole clamp is installed on the main shaft of the vertical lathe, and the rotation center is corrected; the end surface 13 of the shell workpiece 1 is placed in a reverse manner on the base 3, so that the positioning column 32 is clamped into the second circumferential part 12 and the positioning pin shaft 42 is clamped into the positioning hole 14; the hydraulic cylinder is started, and the bottom pressing block 53 presses the shell workpiece 1; the moment cylinder 621 is started, the arc-shaped frame 631 for lateral support presses the shell workpiece 1, and the moment cylinder 621 adjusts the moment to ensure that the shell workpiece 1 is not deformed during pressing; when lateral support force is provided, the inside of the dial lateral contact point is adjusted under the clamping state of the bottom hydraulic cylinder, and the moment cylinder 621 is adjusted to be within 0.003mm of the lateral stress deformation; the main shaft is rotated from low to high, the dynamic balance of the clamp is detected by the dynamic balance instrument, and when 800rmp is reached, the dynamic balance reaches the qualified range, and the shell workpiece 1 can be machined (if it does not meet the standard, the weight block is adjusted); after all conditions meet the standard, the shell workpiece 1 can be batch machined.

[0050] The utility model is described above with specific examples, which is only used for helping to understand the utility model and does not limit the utility model. For the skilled in the art to which the utility model belongs, according to the idea of the utility model, a number of simple deductions, deformations or substitutions can be made.

Claims

1. A housing clamp for positioning a housing workpiece (1), characterized in that The application relates to a shell workpiece clamping device, which comprises the following components: a support frame (2) arranged on a machining device and used for supporting a clamp and a shell workpiece (1); a base (3) arranged on the support frame (2) and used for carrying the shell workpiece (1), wherein the base (3) is provided with at least three inner recesses (31) in the circumferential direction; a limiting assembly (4) arranged on the support frame (2), wherein the limiting assembly (4) is used for clamping into the inner recess (31) and positioning the shell workpiece (1) in the horizontal direction; a positioning assembly (5) used for pressing and holding the shell workpiece (1) on the base (3) and in the vertical direction; and a clamping assembly (6) provided with at least three groups and uniformly distributed on the side of a first circumferential part (11), wherein the clamping assembly (6) comprises a mounting frame (61), a clamping drive (62) and a pressing piece (63), the mounting frame (61) is arranged on the support frame (2) and used for supporting the clamping drive (62), the pressing piece (63) is arranged on the output end of the clamping drive (62) and used for pressing on the outer surface of the shell workpiece (1), and the clamping drive (62) is used for driving the pressing piece (63) to approach or move away from the shell workpiece (1).

2. The housing clamp of claim 1, wherein, The limiting assembly (4) comprises a support seat (41), and the support seat (41) is provided with at least three mounting holes (15), the support seat (41) comprises an upper surface and a lower surface, and is locked on the support frame (2) through the mounting holes (15), and the upper surface is used for supporting the shell workpiece (1).

3. The housing clamp of claim 2, wherein, The inner surface of the inner recess (31) is arranged in a circular arc shape, the lower surface of the support seat (41) is provided with a contact surface used for abutting against the inner surface of the inner recess (31), and the contact surface is arranged in a circular arc shape corresponding to the inner surface of the inner recess (31).

4. The housing clamp of claim 2, wherein, The limiting assembly (4) further comprises a positioning pin shaft (42) arranged on the upper surface of the support seat (41), the positioning pin shaft (42) is used for extending into a positioning hole (14) of the shell workpiece (1) and providing horizontal direction limiting and supporting for the shell workpiece (1).

5. The housing clamp of claim 1, wherein, The base (3) is provided with a positioning column (32), the positioning column (32) is vertically arranged and used for extending into a second circumferential part (12) to provide horizontal direction limiting and supporting for the shell workpiece (1).

6. The housing clamp of claim 1, wherein, The positioning assembly (5) comprises a driving piece (52) and a pressing block (53), the driving piece (52) is arranged on the support frame (2), the pressing block (53) is arranged on the output shaft of the driving piece (52), and the driving piece (52) is used for driving the pressing block (53) to press on the shell workpiece (1) in the vertical direction.

7. The housing clamp of claim 6, wherein The positioning assembly (5) further comprises a rocker arm (54) and a connecting rod (55), the output shaft of the driving piece (52) is arranged in the vertical direction, one end of the rocker arm (54) is hinged on the output shaft of the driving piece (52), the other end of the rocker arm (54) is used for mounting the pressing block (53), the connecting rod (55) is rotatably connected with the rocker arm (54) and the support frame (2) at two ends, and the hinge shaft of the rocker arm (54) and the rotation shaft of the connecting rod (55) are horizontally and parallelly arranged.

8. The housing clamp of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The top-tightening part (63) comprises an arc-shaped frame (631) rotatably connected to the output shaft of the clamping drive (62), and the rotation axis of the arc-shaped frame (631) is arranged in the vertical direction, and the arc-shaped frame (631) has two contact ends and is used for abutting against the outer wall of the shell workpiece (1).

9. The housing clamp of claim 8, wherein, The two contact ends of the arc-shaped frame (631) are provided with top-tightening wheels (632) rotatably mounted on the two contact ends of the arc-shaped frame (631), and the rotation axis of the top-tightening wheel (632) is arranged in parallel with the rotation axis of the arc-shaped frame (631).

10. The housing clamp of claim 1, wherein, The base (3) is arranged in a stepped manner and comprises an embedded part (33) and a supporting part (34), the embedded part (33) is used for supporting into the inside of the shell workpiece (1), the inner recess (31) is arranged on the circumferential side of the supporting part (34), and the supporting part (34) is used for supporting the end face (13) of the shell workpiece (1).

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