Steam heat pump unit
By improving the structure and control methods of the steam heat pump unit, the problem of temperature increase by the steam compressor in the existing technology has been solved, realizing high-temperature hot water supply and nighttime heat storage, reducing operating costs, utilizing off-peak electricity, and improving energy efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423219835.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing steam heat pump units cannot directly generate steam above 90°C and need to be boosted by a steam compressor. Moreover, power resources are scarce and electricity consumption is high during the day, making it difficult to achieve high-temperature steam supply at low cost.
Design a steam heat pump unit comprising two heat pump units and a user system. Through a refrigerant circulation loop design, it can produce high-temperature hot water without a steam compressor, store heat at night, and produce steam during the day, taking advantage of off-peak electricity to reduce costs.
It enables the supply of high-temperature hot water without a steam compressor, saving energy, reducing operating costs, and making full use of low-cost electricity resources at night.
Smart Images
Figure CN223596236U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of steam heat pump units in the technical field of heat pump, specifically relates to a kind of steam heat pump units. BACKGROUND
[0002] Steam heat pump unit is a new type of compression high-temperature heat pump device for generating high-temperature steam, which has been gradually promoted. However, the current steam heat pump unit can basically only generate 80-90℃ high-temperature hot water, and the low-temperature and low-pressure steam is obtained by evaporation in the flash tank. The steam at this temperature and pressure cannot meet the industrial heat demand, so the steam generated by the flash tank needs to be compressed by the steam compressor to increase the pressure and temperature, so that it can be used at the end. At the same time, with the continuous advancement of industrialization, the power resources are becoming increasingly scarce. Relatively, the daytime electricity consumption is more than the nighttime, and the price is relatively higher. Therefore, how to supply high-temperature steam at relatively low cost is a problem to be solved in the field. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model aims at overcoming the deficiency of prior art, and provides an improved steam heat pump unit which can produce high-temperature hot water (e.g. greater than or equal to 120℃) without the need for a steam compressor. In addition, it can also realize nighttime heat storage through switching of different modes, fully utilize the advantage of off-peak electricity, and reduce operating costs.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme of:
[0005] A steam heat pump unit, comprising a first compressor, a second compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a first water pump, and a flash tank.
[0006] The outlet of the first compressor, one refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger, the first expansion valve, the second heat exchanger, and the inlet of the first compressor are sequentially connected and constitute a first refrigerant circulation loop.
[0007] The outlet of the second compressor, one refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger, the second expansion valve, one refrigerant passage of the fourth heat exchanger, and the inlet of the second compressor are sequentially connected and constitute a second refrigerant circulation loop.
[0008] The inlet of the first water pump is connected with the flash tank, and the outlet of the first water pump is connected with another refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger and another refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger, respectively. The other refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger and the other refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger are also connected with the flash tank, respectively.
[0009] The other refrigerant passage of the fourth heat exchanger is arranged in parallel with the one refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger.
[0010] According to the utility model, the steam heat pump unit includes hot water mode and steam mode,
[0011] When the steam heat pump unit is in the hot water mode, the first water pump is in the open state, the first compressor is in the working state, and the second compressor is in the non-working state.
[0012] When the steam heat pump unit is in the steam mode, the first water pump is in the open state, and the first compressor and the second compressor are in the working state.
[0013] According to some preferred aspects of the utility model, the steam heat pump unit further includes a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a fourth valve.
[0014] The two ends of the first valve are respectively communicated with the outlet of the first compressor and the one refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger.
[0015] The two ends of the second valve are respectively communicated with the outlet of the first compressor and the other refrigerant passage of the fourth heat exchanger.
[0016] The two ends of the third valve are respectively communicated with the outlet of the first water pump and the other refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger.
[0017] The two ends of the fourth valve are respectively communicated with the outlet of the first water pump and the other refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger.
[0018] In some embodiments of the utility model, when the steam heat pump unit is in the hot water mode, the first valve and the third valve are both in the open state, and the second valve and the fourth valve are both in the closed state; when the steam heat pump unit is in the steam mode, the first valve and the third valve are both in the closed state, and the second valve and the fourth valve are both in the open state.
[0019] According to some preferred aspects of the utility model, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve are respectively solenoid valves.
[0020] In some embodiments of the utility model, the steam heat pump unit further includes a steam output pipe communicated with the flash tank and a pressure reducing valve arranged on the steam output pipe; when the steam heat pump unit is in the hot water mode, the pressure reducing valve is in the closed state; when the steam heat pump unit is in the steam mode, the pressure reducing valve is in the open state.
[0021] In some embodiments of the utility model, the second compressor further comprises a gas supplement port.
[0022] The steam heat pump unit further comprises an economizer and a third expansion valve, one refrigerant passage of the economizer is connected in series between the one refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger and the second expansion valve, another refrigerant passage of the economizer is communicated with the gas supplement port of the second compressor and the outlet of the third expansion valve respectively, and the inlet of the third expansion valve is communicated with the one refrigerant passage of the economizer.
[0023] In some embodiments of the utility model, the steam heat pump unit further comprises a water tank, a second water pump and a fifth valve, the water tank, the second water pump, the fifth valve and the flash tank are communicated in sequence.
[0024] In some embodiments of the utility model, the steam heat pump unit further comprises a gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the inlet of the first compressor and the second heat exchanger respectively.
[0025] In some embodiments of the utility model, the first compressor is a variable frequency compressor, the second compressor is a fixed frequency compressor, and the first water pump is a fixed frequency water pump.
[0026] According to some preferred aspects of the utility model, the steam heat pump unit further comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a liquid level sensor arranged on the flash tank respectively.
[0027] In some embodiments of the utility model, the first water pump is communicated with the bottom of the flash tank, the other refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger and the other refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger are communicated with the middle part of the flash tank respectively, and the top of the flash tank is provided with a steam outlet.
[0028] In some embodiments of the utility model, the refrigerant in the first refrigerant circulation loop comprises R515B refrigerant or R1234ze (E) refrigerant, and the refrigerant in the second refrigerant circulation loop comprises R245fa refrigerant.
[0029] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages due to the above technical scheme:
[0030] The utility model discloses based on the steam heat pump unit of existing need steam compressor, the relatively higher defect of electric cost, innovatively provides an improved steam heat pump unit, and this unit is composed of low temperature stage heat pump unit, high temperature stage heat pump unit and user system three parts, and through the synergies of two sets of heat pump units, can realize the function of supplying the high temperature hot water of enough temperature to user system without steam compressor, can also realize the function of night heat storage and daytime steam production by switching the working state of two sets of heat pump units, give full play to the advantage of valley electricity, make the steam heat pump unit more energy -conserving, further reduce operating cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawing needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description, obviously, the drawing in the following description only is some embodiments of the utility model, for ordinary skilled person in the art, under the premise of not paying the creative labor, still can obtain other drawings according to these drawings.
[0032] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic diagram of steam heat pump unit of the utility model embodiment;
[0033] In the sign, 1, first compressor;2, second compressor;3, first heat exchanger;4, second heat exchanger;5, third heat exchanger;6, fourth heat exchanger;7, first expansion valve;8, second expansion valve;9, first water pump;10, flash tank;11, first valve;12, second valve;13, third valve;14, fourth valve;15, steam output pipe;16, pressure reducing valve;17, economizer;18, third expansion valve;19, water tank;20, second water pump;21, fifth valve;22, gas-liquid separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the following will be combined with the specific embodiment to the utility model detailed description.In the following description, a lot of specific details are set forth to fully understand the utility model.But the utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from the description herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the utility model, therefore the utility model is not limited by the following disclosed specific embodiments.
[0035] In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, for example two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0036] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0037] In utility models, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0038] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is described as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.
[0039] The preferred embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, this example provides a steam heat pump unit, which includes a first compressor 1, a second compressor 2, a first heat exchanger 3, a second heat exchanger 4, a third heat exchanger 5, a fourth heat exchanger 6, a first expansion valve 7, a second expansion valve 8, a first water pump 9, and a flash tank 10.
[0041] In this example, the outlet of the first compressor 1, one refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger 3, the first expansion valve 7, the second heat exchanger 4, the inlet of the first compressor 1 are sequentially communicated and constitute a first refrigerant circulation loop; the outlet of the second compressor 2, one refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger 5, the second expansion valve 8, one refrigerant passage of the fourth heat exchanger 6, the inlet of the second compressor 2 are sequentially communicated and constitute a second refrigerant circulation loop; the inlet of the first water pump 9 is communicated with the flash tank 10, and the outlet of the first water pump 9 is respectively communicated with another refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger 5 and another refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger 3; wherein, the other refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger 5 and the other refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger 3 are also respectively communicated with the flash tank 10; and the other refrigerant passage of the fourth heat exchanger 6 is arranged in parallel with one refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger 3.
[0042] The first compressor 1 can be a low-temperature stage compressor, and specifically can be a variable frequency compressor, and the refrigerant in the first refrigerant circulation loop includes R515B refrigerant or R1234ze(E) refrigerant, etc.; further, the steam heat pump unit further includes a gas-liquid separator 22, which is respectively communicated with the second heat exchanger 4 and the inlet of the first compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 3 is a condenser, and the second heat exchanger 4 is an evaporator.
[0043] The second compressor 2 is a high-temperature stage compressor, which has a gas supplement port and can be a fixed frequency compressor, and the refrigerant in the second refrigerant circulation loop includes R245fa refrigerant; further, the steam heat pump unit further includes an economizer 17 and a third expansion valve 18, one refrigerant passage of the economizer 17 is connected in series between one refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger 5 and the second expansion valve 8, the other refrigerant passage of the economizer 17 is respectively communicated with the gas supplement port of the second compressor 2 and the outlet of the third expansion valve 18, the inlet of the third expansion valve 18 is communicated with one refrigerant passage of the economizer 17, and through the arrangement of the economizer 17 and the third expansion valve 18, the inlet temperature of the second expansion valve 8 can be lower, which is beneficial to protect the second expansion valve 8 and avoid damage caused by too high inlet temperature; specifically, part of the refrigerant flowing through one refrigerant passage of the economizer 17 is throttled through the third expansion valve 18, the temperature is raised, then the heat exchange in the economizer 17 is further raised, which is equivalent to cooling the refrigerant in one refrigerant passage of the economizer 17, so that the refrigerant is supercooled and then enters the second expansion valve 8 and the third expansion valve 18 at a relatively low temperature. The third heat exchanger 5 is a condenser, and the fourth heat exchanger 6 is an evaporative condenser.
[0044] In this example, the steam heat pump unit includes a hot water mode and a steam mode; when the steam heat pump unit is in the hot water mode, the first water pump 9 is in an open state, the first compressor 1 is in a working state, and the second compressor 2 is in a non-working state; when the steam heat pump unit is in the steam mode, the first water pump 9 is in an open state, and the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 are both in a working state.
[0045] In this example, the steam heat pump unit further includes a first valve 11, a second valve 12, a third valve 13, and a fourth valve 14; the two ends of the first valve 11 are respectively communicated with the outlet of the first compressor 1 and one refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger 3; the two ends of the second valve 12 are respectively communicated with the outlet of the first compressor 1 and another refrigerant passage of the fourth heat exchanger 6; the two ends of the third valve 13 are respectively communicated with the outlet of the first water pump 9 and another refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger 3; the two ends of the fourth valve 14 are respectively communicated with the outlet of the first water pump 9 and another refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger 5. Further, when the steam heat pump unit is in the hot water mode, the first valve 11 and the third valve 13 are both in an open state, and the second valve 12 and the fourth valve 14 are both in a closed state; when the steam heat pump unit is in the steam mode, the first valve 11 and the third valve 13 are both in a closed state, and the second valve 12 and the fourth valve 14 are both in an open state.
[0046] In this example, the steam heat pump unit further includes a steam output pipe 15 communicated with the flash tank 10, a pressure reducing valve 16 arranged on the steam output pipe 15, a water tank 19, a second water pump 20, and a fifth valve 21, the water tank 19, the second water pump 20, the fifth valve 21, and the flash tank 10 are sequentially communicated; further, when the steam heat pump unit is in the hot water mode, the pressure reducing valve 16 is in a closed state; when the steam heat pump unit is in the steam mode, the pressure reducing valve 16 is in an open state.
[0047] The first water pump 9 is a fixed-frequency water pump, and the second water pump 20 can be a variable-frequency water pump; the first water pump 9 is communicated with the bottom of the flash tank 10, another refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger 5 and another refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger 3 are respectively communicated with the middle part of the flash tank 10, and the top of the flash tank 10 is provided with a steam outlet communicated with the steam output pipe 15.
[0048] In order to facilitate remote control and reduce the intensity of manual work, the first valve 11, the second valve 12, the third valve 13, and the fourth valve 14 are respectively electromagnetic valves. The fifth valve 21 can be an electromagnetic valve or an electrically controlled valve.
[0049] In this example, the steam heat pump unit further includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a liquid level sensor arranged on the flash tank respectively.
[0050] The example also provides a control method of the steam heat pump unit, the control method comprising: when it is detected that the liquid level in the flash tank is greater than a preset warning liquid level and the temperature in the flash tank is less than or equal to 95 DEG C, controlling the steam heat pump unit to be in a hot water mode; when it is detected that the liquid level in the flash tank is greater than a first preset warning liquid level and the temperature in the flash tank is greater than or equal to 90 DEG C, controlling the steam heat pump unit to be in a steam mode; and when it is detected that the liquid level in the flash tank is higher than the first preset warning liquid level and the temperature in the flash tank is greater than 90 DEG C and less than 95 DEG C, controlling the steam heat pump unit to keep the current working mode.
[0051] Further, the control method further comprises: detecting the actual liquid level in the flash tank, and when the actual liquid level is less than or equal to the first preset warning liquid level, performing the following operations:
[0052] turning off the first compressor and the second compressor, and turning off the first water pump;
[0053] supplementing water into the flash tank until the actual liquid level in the flash tank reaches a second preset warning liquid level, turning off the steam outlet of the flash tank, and stopping supplementing water when it is detected that the pressure in the flash tank reaches 3 bar or above;
[0054] the second preset warning liquid level is greater than the first preset warning liquid level.
[0055] Working process:
[0056] When it is night and heat storage is performed by using valley electricity, the first compressor 1 works, the high-temperature and high-pressure first refrigerant releases heat at the first heat exchanger 3 (the released heat is absorbed by water to be heated), then absorbs heat at the second heat exchanger 4 (evaporator) after throttling through the first expansion valve 7, and changes into gas at the gas-liquid separator 22, the gas refrigerant enters the first compressor 1 to be compressed, and the circulation is realized; the second compressor 2 is stopped, the first valve 11 is opened, the second valve 12 is closed, the third valve 13 is opened, the fourth valve 14 is closed, the pressure reducing valve 16 is closed, and the first water pump 9 is started to pump water in the flash tank 10 to the first heat exchanger 3 (condenser) through the third valve 13 to perform heat exchange (absorb heat), and then the water returns to the flash tank 10 from the middle part of the flash tank 10 after being heated, and the heating of water in the flash tank 10 by using valley electricity at night is completed, and the water can be heated to about 90 DEG C; of course, if the water level in the flash tank 10 is less than the set value, the second water pump 20 can be started in advance to supplement water in the water tank 19 to the flash tank 10 through the fifth valve 21, and the second water pump 20 and the fifth valve 21 are closed after the supplement of water is completed.
[0057] When steam is produced during the day, the first compressor 1 and the second compressor 2 are both working, the first valve 11, the third valve 13 and the fifth valve 21 are closed, the second valve 12 and the fourth valve 14 are opened, the pressure reducing valve 16 is opened, the high-temperature refrigerant in the first refrigerant circulation loop supplies heat to the second refrigerant circulation loop at the fourth heat exchanger 6, the high-temperature refrigerant in the second refrigerant circulation loop exchanges heat with the high-temperature water (extracted by the first water pump 9) in the flash tank 10 at the third heat exchanger 5 and heats the high-temperature water, and then returns to the flash tank 10 via the middle part of the flash tank 10 to produce steam, the steam produced in the flash tank 10 is supplied outward via the pressure reducing valve 16, and the temperature of the supplied steam can reach above 120 degrees Celsius.
[0058] In summary, the improved steam heat pump unit provided by the present application overcomes the defects of the prior art, such as the need for a steam compressor and relatively high electricity cost, and has the advantages of being able to supply high-temperature hot water with sufficient temperature to a user system without a steam compressor, being able to realize the functions of heat storage at night and steam production during the day by switching the working states of the two sets of heat pump units, fully utilizing valley electricity, and being more energy-saving and further reducing operating costs.
[0059] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and characteristics of the present application, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement it, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application, and any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A steam heat pump unit, characterized by, The steam heat pump unit comprises a first compressor, a second compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a first water pump and a flash tank; An outlet of the first compressor, one refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger, the first expansion valve, the second heat exchanger and an inlet of the first compressor are sequentially communicated and constitute a first refrigerant circulation loop; An outlet of the second compressor, one refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger, the second expansion valve, one refrigerant passage of the fourth heat exchanger and an inlet of the second compressor are sequentially communicated and constitute a second refrigerant circulation loop; An inlet of the first water pump is communicated with the flash tank, and an outlet of the first water pump is communicated with another refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger and another refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger respectively; the other refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger and the other refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger are also communicated with the flash tank respectively; The other refrigerant passage of the fourth heat exchanger is arranged in parallel with the one refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger.
2. The steam heat pump unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam heat pump unit comprises a hot water mode and a steam mode; When the steam heat pump unit is in the hot water mode, the first water pump is in an open state, the first compressor is in a working state and the second compressor is in a non-working state; When the steam heat pump unit is in the steam mode, the first water pump is in the open state, and the first compressor and the second compressor are both in the working state.
3. The steam heat pump unit according to claim 2, wherein The steam heat pump unit further comprises a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a fourth valve; Two ends of the first valve are respectively communicated with an outlet of the first compressor and the one refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger; Two ends of the second valve are respectively communicated with the outlet of the first compressor and the other refrigerant passage of the fourth heat exchanger; Two ends of the third valve are respectively communicated with an outlet of the first water pump and the other refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger; Two ends of the fourth valve are respectively communicated with the outlet of the first water pump and the other refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger.
4. The steam heat pump unit according to claim 3, wherein When the steam heat pump unit is in the hot water mode, the first valve and the third valve are both in an open state, and the second valve and the fourth valve are both in a closed state; when the steam heat pump unit is in the steam mode, the first valve and the third valve are both in a closed state, and the second valve and the fourth valve are both in an open state.
5. The steam heat pump unit of claim 3, wherein, The first valve, the second valve, the third valve and the fourth valve are respectively electromagnetic valves.
6. The steam heat pump unit of claim 2, wherein, The steam heat pump unit further comprises a steam output pipe communicated with the flash tank and a pressure reducing valve arranged on the steam output pipe; when the steam heat pump unit is in the hot water mode, the pressure reducing valve is in a closed state; when the steam heat pump unit is in the steam mode, the pressure reducing valve is in an open state.
7. The steam heat pump unit of claim 1, wherein, The second compressor further comprises a gas supplement port. The steam heat pump unit further comprises an economizer and a third expansion valve, one refrigerant passage of the economizer is connected in series between the one refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger and the second expansion valve, another refrigerant passage of the economizer is communicated with the air supplement port of the second compressor and the outlet of the third expansion valve respectively, and the inlet of the third expansion valve is communicated with the one refrigerant passage of the economizer.
8. The steam heat pump unit of claim 1, wherein, The steam heat pump unit further comprises a water tank, a second water pump and a fifth valve, and the water tank, the second water pump, the fifth valve and the flash tank are communicated in sequence.
9. The steam heat pump unit of claim 1, wherein, The steam heat pump unit further comprises a gas-liquid separator communicated with the inlet of the first compressor and the second heat exchanger respectively; and / or, the first compressor is a variable frequency compressor, the second compressor is a fixed frequency compressor, and the first water pump is a fixed frequency water pump.
10. The steam heat pump unit of claim 1, wherein, The steam heat pump unit further comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a liquid level sensor arranged on the flash tank respectively; and / or, the first water pump is communicated with the bottom of the flash tank, the another refrigerant passage of the third heat exchanger and the another refrigerant passage of the first heat exchanger are communicated with the middle of the flash tank respectively, and a steam outlet is arranged on the top of the flash tank.