All-feeding and all-discharging ventilation system for laboratory

Abstract

The utility model relates to a full-supply full-exhaust ventilation system for a laboratory, which comprises an air supply system, an exhaust system and a control system, the air supply system and the exhaust system are mutually independent, the air supply system is communicated with the inside and the outside of the laboratory, and the air supply system comprises an air supply section for driving air to flow into the laboratory in one direction; the exhaust system is communicated with the interior and the exterior of the laboratory and comprises an exhaust section used for driving air to flow out of the laboratory in a one-way mode, an air inlet, communicated with the exterior of the laboratory, of the air supply system is far away from an air outlet, communicated with the exterior of the laboratory, of the exhaust system, and the air supply section comprises two air supply units which can be switched for use; the exhaust section comprises two exhaust units which can be switched for use, and the control system controls the air supply system and the exhaust system to operate. According to the utility model, the possibility of cross contamination is reduced, and the stability, the safety and the negative pressure maintaining capability of the ventilation system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air conditioning technology, and in particular to a laboratory full supply and full exhaust ventilation system. Background Technology

[0002] A BSL-3 (P3) laboratory is a facility specifically designed for research on high-risk pathogenic microorganisms. The entire laboratory is completely sealed and maintained under negative pressure to prevent gas leakage and contamination. P3 laboratories have extremely high requirements for the safety and stability of their air conditioning systems. Traditional air conditioning systems are significantly inadequate in preventing cross-contamination and maintaining negative pressure, making them unsuitable for the specific needs of P3 laboratories. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, this utility model provides a full supply and exhaust ventilation system for laboratories, which reduces the possibility of cross-contamination and improves the ability to maintain negative pressure.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a full supply and exhaust ventilation system for a laboratory, including an air supply system, an exhaust system, and a control system. The air supply system and the exhaust system are independent of each other. The air supply system connects the interior and exterior of the laboratory and includes an air supply section for driving unidirectional airflow into the laboratory. The exhaust system connects the interior and exterior of the laboratory and includes an exhaust section for driving unidirectional airflow out of the laboratory. The air inlet of the air supply system connecting to the exterior of the laboratory and the air outlet of the exhaust system connecting to the exterior of the laboratory are far apart from each other. The air supply section includes two switchable air supply units, and the exhaust section includes two switchable exhaust units. The control system controls the operation of the air supply system and the exhaust system.

[0005] Preferably, the air inlet of the air supply system connecting to the outside of the laboratory and the air outlet of the exhaust system connecting to the outside of the laboratory are located on opposite sides of the laboratory.

[0006] Preferably, both the air supply unit and the air exhaust unit include an air duct and a fan. The air duct includes a first channel section, a second channel section, and a third channel section connected sequentially along its length by air valves. The fan is located in the second channel section.

[0007] In the same air supply unit or air exhaust unit, two air ducts are arranged perpendicular to the length direction, the first channel sections of the two air ducts are connected, the third channel sections of the two air ducts are connected, the first channel section of one air duct has an air inlet, and the air duct has an air outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the dimensions of the first channel segment and the third channel segment along the length of the air duct are not less than the dimensions along the arrangement direction of the two air ducts.

[0009] Preferably, the second channel section is provided with a guide plate located on the airflow input side of the fan, the guide plate being used to collect airflow.

[0010] Preferably, the air supply system further includes an air supply heat exchange section, which is used to exchange heat with the air entering the laboratory.

[0011] Preferably, the air supply system includes a primary filter section, a medium-efficiency filter section, a high-efficiency filter section, and a bag-in-bag-out filter section for filtering the air entering the laboratory. The primary filter section, the medium-efficiency filter section, the high-efficiency filter section, and the bag-in-bag-out filter section are arranged sequentially and modularly along the airflow direction.

[0012] Preferably, the primary filter section uses a G4 filter, the secondary filter section uses an F8 filter, and the high-efficiency filter section uses an H13 HEPA filter.

[0013] Preferably, the exhaust system includes a chemical filtration section for filtering the air exhausted from the laboratory.

[0014] Preferably, the chemical filtration section is an activated carbon filter.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages: The laboratory's full supply and exhaust ventilation system of this utility model achieves unidirectional airflow through independent supply and exhaust systems. The full supply and exhaust design ensures that all air entering the laboratory is fresh air, and all exhaust air is directly discharged outdoors, reducing the possibility of cross-contamination. Both the supply and exhaust systems are parallel ventilation structures, ensuring system redundancy and reliability, and improving the stability, safety, and ability to maintain negative pressure of the ventilation system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the air supply system of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a top view of the air supply system in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of the air supply section in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a front view of the exhaust system in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a top view of the exhaust system in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a front view of the exhaust section in this utility model.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Air supply system; 11. Air supply section; 111. Air supply fan; 112. Channel section A; 113. Channel section B; 114. Channel section C; 115. Air supply inlet; 116. Air supply outlet; 117. Air supply guide plate; 12. Air supply heat exchange section; 13. Primary filter section; 14. Medium-efficiency filter section; 15. High-efficiency filter section; 16. Bag-in-bag-out filter section; 2. Exhaust system; 21. Exhaust section; 211. Exhaust fan; 212. Channel section D; 213. Channel section E; 214. Channel section F; 215. Exhaust air inlet; 216. Exhaust air outlet; 22. Chemical filtration section. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Example

[0025] See Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides an embodiment of a laboratory full-supply and full-exhaust ventilation system.

[0026] The laboratory's full supply and exhaust ventilation system includes an air supply system 1, an exhaust system 2, and a control system. The air supply system 1 and the exhaust system 2 are independent of each other. The air supply system 1 connects the interior and exterior of the laboratory and includes an air supply section 11 for driving unidirectional airflow into the laboratory. The exhaust system 2 connects the interior and exterior of the laboratory and includes an exhaust section 21 for driving unidirectional airflow out of the laboratory. The air inlet of the air supply system 1 connecting to the exterior of the laboratory and the air outlet of the exhaust system 2 connecting to the exterior of the laboratory are far apart from each other. The air supply section 11 includes two switchable air supply units, and the exhaust section 21 includes two switchable exhaust units. The control system controls the operation of the air supply system 1 and the exhaust system 2.

[0027] In the above text, the air supply system 1 and the exhaust system 2 are independent of each other. This design can ensure that the air supply and exhaust processes do not interfere with each other, thereby achieving the function of ventilation and air exchange more effectively.

[0028] The main function of the air supply system 1 is to connect the internal and external environments of the laboratory. It includes an air supply section 11 for driving unidirectional airflow into the laboratory. In actual operation, the air supply section 11 acts like an "air delivery duct," continuously introducing fresh air from outside into the laboratory. Specifically, the air supply section 11 includes two switchable air supply units. Having two switchable air supply units offers several advantages. First, if one air supply unit malfunctions or requires maintenance, it can be quickly switched to the other to continue operating, ensuring uninterrupted ventilation and maintaining normal experimental operations. Second, under different experimental requirements, such as in situations with higher air quality requirements or where experimental equipment generates significant heat, air supply units with different performance characteristics can be flexibly switched to provide more suitable ventilation and air quality.

[0029] The exhaust system 2 also connects the interior and exterior of the laboratory. Its core component is the exhaust section 21, which drives unidirectional airflow to the outside of the laboratory. The function of the exhaust section 21 is to promptly and effectively remove harmful gases, odors, heat, and other pollutants generated within the laboratory, preventing these substances from accumulating inside and harming the health of laboratory personnel or affecting the accuracy of experimental results. The exhaust section 21 also includes two switchable exhaust units, similar to the design concept of the supply air section. These two switchable exhaust units not only improve the reliability and stability of the exhaust system but also allow for flexible adjustment of exhaust capacity based on the generation and concentration changes of pollutants within the laboratory. For example, when a large amount of harmful gas is generated during the experiment, the system can switch to a unit with stronger exhaust capacity to ensure that the harmful gas is quickly removed.

[0030] Furthermore, the air inlet of the air supply system 1, which connects to the outside of the laboratory, and the air outlet of the exhaust system 2, which also connects to the outside of the laboratory, are far apart. Separating the air inlet and outlet prevents contaminated exhaust air from being re-drawn into the laboratory, ensuring that the incoming air is truly fresh and uncontaminated. If the air inlet and outlet are too close, the exhaust gas may form eddies in localized areas, causing some of the exhaust gas to be re-drawn into the air supply system, thus reducing the effectiveness of the ventilation system and failing to meet the expected air quality standards.

[0031] Finally, the control system, acting as the "brain" of the entire ventilation system, is responsible for controlling the operation of the aforementioned air supply system 1 and exhaust system 2. The control system can precisely control the start-up, shutdown, and speed adjustment of the air supply and exhaust units according to preset programs and parameters. For example, by monitoring environmental parameters in the laboratory in real time using various sensors installed within the laboratory (such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and harmful gas concentration sensors), the control system can automatically adjust the operating status of the air supply and exhaust systems based on this data to maintain a stable and safe laboratory environment. Simultaneously, the control system can also achieve remote monitoring and operation, allowing managers to conveniently manage and maintain the ventilation system anytime, anywhere.

[0032] In summary, the laboratory's full-supply and full-exhaust ventilation system, through the coordinated operation of its various components, effectively ensured the air quality and safety of the experimental environment within the laboratory, providing strong support for the smooth conduct of experiments.

[0033] As described above, unidirectional airflow is achieved through independent supply and exhaust systems. The full supply and exhaust design ensures that all air entering the laboratory is fresh, and all exhaust air is directly discharged outdoors, reducing the possibility of cross-contamination. Both the supply and exhaust systems are parallel ventilation structures, ensuring system redundancy and reliability, and improving the stability, safety, and ability to maintain negative pressure.

[0034] In this embodiment, the air inlet of the air supply system 1 connecting to the outside of the laboratory and the air outlet of the exhaust system 2 connecting to the outside of the laboratory are located on opposite sides of the laboratory.

[0035] In the above text, the air inlet and air outlet are located on opposite sides of the laboratory. This arrangement creates a more ideal airflow path within the laboratory, allowing air to enter from one side of the inlet, exchange air within the laboratory, and then exit from the other side of the outlet, effectively improving ventilation efficiency.

[0036] In this embodiment, each of the above-mentioned air supply units includes an air supply duct and an air supply fan 111. The air supply duct includes channel segment A112, channel segment B113 and channel segment C114 connected sequentially by air valves along its length direction. The air supply fan 111 is disposed in the channel segment B113.

[0037] Two of the aforementioned air supply ducts are arranged perpendicular to each other along their length. The channel sections A112 of the two air supply ducts are connected, and the channel sections C114 of the two air supply ducts are connected. One of the air supply ducts, channel section A112, has an air supply inlet 115, and the channel section C114 of the one air supply duct has an air supply outlet 116.

[0038] As described above, the damper configuration allows for flexible control of the airflow path and flow rate within the duct. The damper utilizes a highly airtight electric damper, ensuring precise control and rapid response. Controlling the airflow direction via the damper ensures the airtightness and stability of the system during switching. Two air supply ducts are arranged perpendicular to each other along their length, a configuration that saves space and facilitates efficient airflow and distribution. The two air supply units can cooperate and complement each other. One air supply duct, section A112, has an air inlet 115 located away from section B113 along its length, for drawing in fresh air from outside the laboratory. Another air supply duct, section C114, has an air outlet 116 located away from section B113 along its length. Processed and transported air enters the laboratory through the air outlet 116.

[0039] Air supply section 11 also includes an inspection door and a static pressure ring. The inspection door features a double-sealed structure for easy opening and closing and convenient maintenance. The door's dimensions are rationally designed for easy access by operators. The static pressure ring, made of stainless steel, is installed in the standby fan section to balance airflow and reduce noise and vibration. The optimized design of the static pressure ring ensures uniform airflow distribution, improving system comfort and stability.

[0040] In this embodiment, the dimensions of the aforementioned channel segment A112 and the aforementioned channel segment C114 along the length direction of the aforementioned air supply duct are not less than the dimensions along the arrangement direction of the aforementioned two air supply ducts.

[0041] In the above text, the diameter of the air supply duct is slightly larger than the diameter of the air supply fan. The dimensions of the above-mentioned channel section A112 and the above-mentioned channel section C114 along the length of the above-mentioned air supply duct are 1.5 times the diameter of the air supply fan, so as to avoid surge phenomenon and ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0042] In this embodiment, the channel section B113 is provided with an air supply guide plate 117 located on the airflow input side of the air supply fan 111, and the air supply guide plate 117 is used to collect airflow.

[0043] As described above, stainless steel is used and installed in the inlet and outlet sections of the standby fan functional section to improve airflow efficiency and reduce energy consumption. The angle and position of the guide vane have been optimized to ensure uniform airflow distribution.

[0044] In this embodiment, each of the above-mentioned exhaust units includes an exhaust duct and an exhaust fan 211. The exhaust duct includes channel segment D212, channel segment E213 and channel segment F214 connected sequentially by air valves along its length direction. The exhaust fan 211 is disposed in the channel segment E213.

[0045] Two exhaust ducts are arranged perpendicular to each other along their length. The passage sections D212 of the two exhaust ducts are connected, and the passage sections F214 of the two exhaust ducts are connected. One of the exhaust ducts, passage section D212, has an exhaust inlet 215, and the passage section F214 of the one exhaust duct has an exhaust outlet 216.

[0046] As described above, the damper configuration allows for flexible control of the airflow path and flow rate within the duct. The damper utilizes a highly airtight electric damper, ensuring precise control and rapid response. Controlling the airflow direction via the damper ensures the airtightness and stability of the system during switching. Two exhaust ducts are arranged perpendicular to each other along their length, a configuration that saves space and facilitates efficient airflow and distribution. The two exhaust units can cooperate and complement each other. One of the aforementioned exhaust ducts, section D212, has an exhaust inlet 215 along the arrangement of the two exhaust ducts to draw air in from inside the laboratory. Another exhaust duct, section F214, has an exhaust outlet 216 along its length, located away from section E213, through which air is discharged. Exhaust section 21 also includes an inspection door and a static pressure ring. The inspection door employs a double-sealing structure for easy opening and closing and convenient maintenance. The inspection door's dimensions are rationally designed for easy access by operators. The static pressure ring, made of stainless steel, is installed in the fan section of the standby fan functional area to balance airflow and reduce noise and vibration. Its optimized design ensures uniform airflow distribution, improving system comfort and stability.

[0047] In this embodiment, the dimensions of the aforementioned channel segment D212 and the aforementioned channel segment F214 along the length direction of the aforementioned exhaust duct are not less than the dimensions along the arrangement direction of the aforementioned two exhaust ducts.

[0048] In the above text, the diameter of the exhaust duct is slightly larger than the diameter of the exhaust fan. The dimensions of the above-mentioned channel section D212 and the above-mentioned channel section F214 along the length of the above-mentioned exhaust duct are 1.5 times the diameter of the exhaust fan, so as to avoid surge phenomenon and ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0049] In this embodiment, the air supply system further includes an air supply heat exchange section 12, which is used to exchange heat with the air entering the laboratory.

[0050] In the above text, the air supply heat exchange section 12 adopts a coil heat recovery design to improve the system's energy efficiency ratio. The heat recovery coil uses high-efficiency heat transfer materials to ensure that the energy recovery efficiency reaches more than 30%.

[0051] In southern regions, due to higher humidity, a 15% dehumidification margin is included in the design of the air supply heat exchanger to ensure effective dehumidification even in high-humidity environments, maintaining the relative humidity in the laboratory between 30% and 70%. In northern regions, where winter temperatures are low, the air supply heat exchange section 12 is equipped with an electric heating system or an antifreeze circulation system to prevent the heat exchanger from freezing and cracking due to low winter temperatures, ensuring stable system operation. The electric heating system employs intelligent temperature control, automatically adjusting the heating power according to the ambient temperature. (The last sentence is a repetition of the previous one and can be omitted.)

[0052] In this embodiment, the air supply system includes a primary filter section 13, a medium-efficiency filter section 14, a high-efficiency filter section 15, and a bag-in-bag-out filter section 16 for filtering the air entering the laboratory. The primary filter section 13, the medium-efficiency filter section 14, the high-efficiency filter section 15, and the bag-in-bag-out filter section 16 are arranged sequentially and modularly along the airflow direction.

[0053] Because P3 laboratories have high air quality requirements, air filtration is necessary to ensure that the air entering the P3 laboratory meets these requirements.

[0054] The modular design described above facilitates quick replacement and cleaning. The filter's installation location should be easily accessible for operation and maintenance to minimize repair time. Ensure that the air entering the laboratory meets cleanliness standards.

[0055] In this embodiment, the primary filter section 13 uses a G4 filter with a filtration efficiency of not less than 90%. The G4 filter is a side-extraction stainless steel mesh filter, which can be repeatedly cleaned, extending its service life and reducing maintenance costs. The specifications and performance of the stainless steel mesh filter must meet laboratory requirements, with a filtration efficiency ≥90%. The medium-efficiency filter section 14 uses an F8 filter with a filtration efficiency of not less than 95%, and the high-efficiency filter section 15 uses an H13 HEPA filter with a filtration efficiency of not less than 99.95%, ensuring efficient air purification. The HEPA filter is installed in the bag-in-bag-out filter section (BIBO system) for easy replacement and maintenance, ensuring safety during operation.

[0056] In this embodiment, the exhaust system includes a chemical filter section 22 for filtering the air discharged from the laboratory.

[0057] Because the air in a P3 laboratory may contain harmful substances, the exhaust air must be filtered to ensure it meets requirements.

[0058] In this embodiment, the chemical filtration section is an activated carbon chemical filtration section, which removes harmful chemicals from the exhaust air and ensures environmental safety.

[0059] In this invention, the air supplied to the laboratory sequentially passes through a primary filter section 13, a medium-efficiency filter section 14, an air supply and heat exchange section 12, an air supply section 11, a high-efficiency filter section 15, and a bag-in / bag-out filter section 16 before entering the laboratory interior. The air exhausted from the laboratory sequentially passes through an exhaust section 21 and a chemical filter section 22 before being discharged outside the laboratory.

[0060] This utility model has the following advantages:

[0061] ①Prevent cross-contamination: Independent air supply and exhaust systems, along with high-efficiency air filters and chemical filtration sections, ensure air quality in the laboratory and prevent cross-contamination.

[0062] ② Stable negative pressure: Through precise selection and margin configuration of exhaust fans, as well as frequency conversion control technology, the stability and reliability of laboratory negative pressure are ensured, with the negative pressure value controlled between -25Pa and -30Pa.

[0063] ③ Energy efficiency improvement: All fans adopt DC brushless EC fans with an energy efficiency of IE5. The design of the guide plate, static pressure ring and coil heat recovery improves the system's energy efficiency ratio and reduces energy consumption.

[0064] ④ Easy maintenance: The design of the BIBO system, access doors, and access rails makes the maintenance of filters and fans more convenient, reducing maintenance costs and time.

[0065] ⑤ Environmental adaptability: Based on the climate conditions of different regions, corresponding dehumidification margins and antifreeze protection are designed to ensure stable operation of the system in various environments.

[0066] ⑥ High reliability: The design of the backup fan functional section ensures that the system can start up quickly in the event of a main fan failure, maintaining the normal operation of the laboratory and improving the overall reliability of the system.

[0067] ⑦ Airflow regulation: The speed of the supply and exhaust fans is adjusted by the frequency converter to ensure precise airflow control. The frequency converter uses a high-performance controller to ensure adjustment accuracy and response speed.

[0068] ⑧ Fault Alarm: The system is equipped with a fault alarm device to monitor the system status in real time and promptly detect and handle abnormal situations. The fault alarm device includes temperature and humidity sensors, negative pressure sensors, and airflow sensors to monitor the system status in real time.

[0069] The central control system employs a PLC control system with a touch screen display to monitor and adjust parameters such as negative pressure, temperature, and humidity in the laboratory in real time, ensuring stable system operation. A frequency converter is also included, which adjusts the fan speed in real time via the central control system to ensure stable airflow and air pressure.

[0070] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A full-baffled ventilation system for a laboratory, characterized in that, The air supply system and the air exhaust system are independent of each other, the air supply system is connected with the inside and the outside of the laboratory, the air supply system comprises an air supply section for driving air to flow into the laboratory, the air exhaust system is connected with the inside and the outside of the laboratory, the air exhaust system comprises an air exhaust section for driving air to flow out of the laboratory, the air inlet of the air supply system and the air outlet of the air exhaust system are located on opposite sides of the laboratory, the air supply section comprises two air supply units which can be switched, the air exhaust section comprises two air exhaust units which can be switched, and the control system controls the operation of the air supply system and the air exhaust system.

2. A laboratory all-of-sink all-of-exhaust ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein, The air inlet of the air supply system and the air outlet of the air exhaust system are located on opposite sides of the laboratory.

3. The all supply all plenum ventilation system of claim 1, wherein, The air supply unit and the air exhaust unit each comprise an air duct and a fan, the air duct comprises a first channel section, a second channel section and a third channel section connected in sequence along the length direction of the air duct, and the fan is arranged in the second channel section. In the same air supply unit or air exhaust unit, two air ducts are arranged in the vertical direction of the length direction, the first channel sections of the two air ducts are connected, the third channel sections of the two air ducts are connected, one of the first channel sections of the air ducts has an air inlet, and one of the air ducts has an air outlet.

4. The laboratory all-of-sink all-of- exhaust ventilation system of claim 3, wherein, The size of the first channel section and the third channel section along the length direction of the air duct is not less than the size along the arrangement direction of the two air ducts.

5. The laboratory all-of-sink all-of- hood ventilation system of claim 3, wherein, A guide plate is arranged in the second channel section on the air inflow side of the fan, and the guide plate is used for collecting air flow.

6. The laboratory all-of-sink all-of- exhaust ventilation system of claim 1, wherein, The air supply system further comprises an air supply heat exchange section for heat exchange with air entering the laboratory.

7. The laboratory total exhaust plenum ventilation system of claim 1, wherein, The air supply system comprises a primary filter section, a medium filter section, a high filter section and a bag-in-bag-out filter section for filtering air entering the laboratory, the primary filter section, the medium filter section, the high filter section and the bag-in-bag-out filter section are arranged in sequence along the air flow direction and are modularly arranged.

8. The laboratory all-of-sink all-of- exhaust ventilation system of claim 7, wherein, The primary filter section adopts a G4 filter, the medium filter section adopts an F8 filter, and the high filter section adopts an H13 HEPA filter.

9. The laboratory total exhaust plenum ventilation system of claim 1, wherein, The air exhaust system comprises a chemical filter section for filtering air exhausted from the laboratory.

10. A laboratory fume hood ventilation system according to claim 9, wherein, The chemical filter section is an activated carbon filter.

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